CN107808942A - 自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理*** - Google Patents
自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***其特征在于设有壳体,所述主体采用导热性好的金属材料制成,主体外部设有散热鳍片阵列,所述散热鳍片与主体固定连接,也采用导热性好的金属材料制成,壳体内设有两个以上的导热板,导热板采用导热性好的金属材料制成,导热板经螺钉与箱体相连接,PCB板固定在导热板上;壳体上开设形变组件固定孔,弹性膜固定在形变组件固定孔上,壳体内导热硅胶灌注层,通过导热硅胶灌注层,填充PCB板或锂电池组与箱体之间的空隙,提高导热效率;壳体内还设有控制器MCU、充电机构、充电曲线更换电路,本发明与现有技术相比,具有结构合理、工作效率高、成本低等显著的优点。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及电池充电管理技术领域,具体的说是一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***。
背景技术:
由于电能是一种清洁能源,随着人们环保意识的提高,越来越多的得到青睐。锂电池在作为电源部件使用时,需要将多个电池单元即电芯组合起来形成电池包,进行串联或并联,加入相关的管控电路后封装,形成电源部件成品。电源在使用时,需要配合充电机。
充电机一般采用密封防尘防水的结构,在充电机出厂时,充电机中预置了与某一种电动汽车厂家所提供的固定电池匹配的充电曲线,若想要更换一种电池使用,也就需要更改与其相对应的充电机中的充电曲线,目前采用的方法是直接更换一台充电机,需要反复拆卸相关配件,操作复杂,且成本高。
发明内容:
本发明针对现有技术中存在的缺点和不足,提出了一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***。
本发明可以通过以下措施达到:
一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,设有壳体,其特征在于设有壳体,壳体包括主体和上盖,主体和上盖上对应设有相匹配的螺钉孔和紧固螺钉,主体和箱盖相扣合的部分对应设有相配合的定位凹槽和定位凸筋,所述主体采用导热性好的金属材料制成,主体外部设有散热鳍片阵列,所述散热鳍片与主体固定连接,也采用导热性好的金属材料制成,壳体内设有两个以上的导热板,导热板采用导热性好的金属材料制成,导热板经螺钉与箱体相连接,PCB板固定在导热板上;导热板厚度范围为3-5mm,导热板上开设用于固定PCB板的定位凹槽;壳体内还设有控制器MCU、充电机构、充电曲线更换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与充电机构、充电曲线更换电路相连接;还设有整流电路、交流电压检测电路、直流电压检测电路、PFC电路、DC/DC升压电路和脉宽调制集成电路;所述交流电压检测电路与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的交流电压检测端相连;所述直流电压检测电路与外部直流输入端口相连,所述直流电压检测电路的输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的直流电压检测端相连;所述整流电路的输入端与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端分别与所述PFC电路的输入端、所述DC/DC升压电路的输入端相连;外部直流输入端口与所述整流电路的输出端相连;所述PFC电路的输出端和所述DC/DC升压电路的输出端与后级功率变换电路连接;所述脉宽调制集成电路的第一PWM驱动端与所述PFC电路相连,所述脉宽调制集成电路的第二PWM驱动端与所述DC/DC升压电路相连;还设有自保护电路,所述自保护电路包括电源变压器、整流电路、电压自动调节、接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路,其中电源变压器与整流电路相连接,整流电路的输出端分别与接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路相连接;壳体上开设形变组件固定孔,弹性膜固定在形变组件固定孔上,壳体内导热硅胶灌注层,通过导热硅胶灌注层,填充PCB板或锂电池组与箱体之间的空隙,提高导热效率。
本发明所述电压自动调节电路由二极管D3、电容C1与二极管D1、D2及三极管G1、继电器J1组成的回路。
本发明所述接反保护电路由三极管G2、继电器J3与电阻R3分别连接开关K3、K4及K5、K6。
本发明所述充足自动断电电路主要由继电器J2、三极管G3、二极管D6及电阻R4、R5、R6构成回路。
本发明所述充电机构包括变压器、整流电路、分流器、电流检测电路、放大电路、充电电流控制电路、A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路相连接,A/D转换电路的另一端与电流检测电路的输出端相连接,电流检测电路的输入端与放大电路的输出端相连接,放大电路的输入端与分流器的输出端相连接,分流器的输入端与整流电路相连接,整流电路与待充电电池的正负极相连接且整流电路与变压器相连接,充电电流控制电路连接在D/A转换电路与整流电路之间,还设有与控制器MCU相连接的无线通信电路。
本发明所述的无线通信电路采用WIFI通信模块或4G/GPRS通信模块或蓝牙通信模块。
本发明所述的整流电路采用可控硅整流电路。
本发明所述充电曲线更换电路包括位于壳体外的发射器和位于壳体内且与控制器MCU相连接的接收器,其中发射器设有发射控制器、驱动电路、光源、按键、电源电路,其中发射控制器分别与驱动电路、按键、电源电路相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;接收器设有接收用驱动电路、光源、按键,其中控制器MCU分别与接收用驱动电路、光源、按键相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;其中光源均采用LED光源,驱动电路中均设有限流电阻。
本发明在使用时,发射控制器的电源采用5V纽扣电池BAT,发射控制器的第22脚与按键S1和上拉电阻R1相连,第26脚与限流电阻R1相连,R1与光源LED的正极相连,LED的负极接地,当按键S1按下时,发射控制器控制光源以固定频率闪烁,其固定频率代表一种电池的充电曲线;接收机构中控制器MCU的21脚通过限流电阻R3与光源LED正极相连接,光源LED负极接地,在充电机不需要更改内置充电曲线时,光源LED为发光源,用于显示整个充电机的工作状态,当充电机需要更改内置充电曲线时,LED为接收光源,接收外部发射器传递的载有充电曲线信息的频率信号;光源LED接收到闪烁光源刺激,在其正极端产生同等频率的3V电平信号,控制器MCU检测此电平信号,完成充电曲线的更换。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有结构合理、工作效率高、成本低等显著的优点。
附图说明:
附图1是本发明的结构示意图。
附图标记:壳体1、散热鳍片阵列2、导热板3。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
如附图所示,本发明提出了一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,设有壳体,其特征在于设有壳体1,壳体1包括主体和上盖,主体和上盖上对应设有相匹配的螺钉孔和紧固螺钉,主体和箱盖相扣合的部分对应设有相配合的定位凹槽和定位凸筋,所述主体采用导热性好的金属材料制成,主体外部设有散热鳍片阵列2,所述散热鳍片与主体固定连接,也采用导热性好的金属材料制成,壳体1内设有两个以上的导热板3,导热板3采用导热性好的金属材料制成,导热板3经螺钉与箱体相连接,PCB板固定在导热板上;导热板厚度范围为3-5mm,导热板上开设用于固定PCB板的定位凹槽;壳体内还设有控制器MCU、充电机构、充电曲线更换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与充电机构、充电曲线更换电路相连接,一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,设有壳体,其特征在于设有壳体,壳体包括主体和上盖,主体和上盖上对应设有相匹配的螺钉孔和紧固螺钉,主体和箱盖相扣合的部分对应设有相配合的定位凹槽和定位凸筋,所述主体采用导热性好的金属材料制成,主体外部设有散热鳍片阵列,所述散热鳍片与主体固定连接,也采用导热性好的金属材料制成,壳体内设有两个以上的导热板,导热板采用导热性好的金属材料制成,导热板经螺钉与箱体相连接,PCB板固定在导热板上;导热板厚度范围为3-5mm,导热板上开设用于固定PCB板的定位凹槽;壳体内还设有控制器MCU、充电机构、充电曲线更换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与充电机构、充电曲线更换电路相连接;还设有整流电路、交流电压检测电路、直流电压检测电路、PFC电路、DC/DC升压电路和脉宽调制集成电路;所述交流电压检测电路与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的交流电压检测端相连;所述直流电压检测电路与外部直流输入端口相连,所述直流电压检测电路的输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的直流电压检测端相连;所述整流电路的输入端与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端分别与所述PFC电路的输入端、所述DC/DC升压电路的输入端相连;外部直流输入端口与所述整流电路的输出端相连;所述PFC电路的输出端和所述DC/DC升压电路的输出端与后级功率变换电路连接;所述脉宽调制集成电路的第一PWM驱动端与所述PFC电路相连,所述脉宽调制集成电路的第二PWM驱动端与所述DC/DC升压电路相连;所述自保护电路包括电源变压器、整流电路、电压自动调节、接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路,其中电源变压器与整流电路相连接,整流电路的输出端分别与接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路相连接;壳体上开设形变组件固定孔,弹性膜固定在形变组件固定孔上,壳体内导热硅胶灌注层,通过导热硅胶灌注层,填充PCB板或锂电池组与箱体之间的空隙,提高导热效率。
本发明所述电压自动调节电路由二极管D3、电容C1与二极管D1、D2及三极管G1、继电器J1组成的回路。
本发明所述接反保护电路由三极管G2、继电器J3与电阻R3分别连接开关K3、K4及K5、K6。
本发明所述充足自动断电电路主要由继电器J2、三极管G3、二极管D6及电阻R4、R5、R6构成回路。
本发明所述充电机构包括变压器、整流电路、分流器、电流检测电路、放大电路、充电电流控制电路、A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路相连接,A/D转换电路的另一端与电流检测电路的输出端相连接,电流检测电路的输入端与放大电路的输出端相连接,放大电路的输入端与分流器的输出端相连接,分流器的输入端与整流电路相连接,整流电路与待充电电池的正负极相连接且整流电路与变压器相连接,充电电流控制电路连接在D/A转换电路与整流电路之间,还设有与控制器MCU相连接的无线通信电路。
本发明所述的无线通信电路采用WIFI通信模块或4G/GPRS通信模块或蓝牙通信模块。
本发明所述的整流电路采用可控硅整流电路。
本发明所述充电曲线更换电路包括位于壳体外的发射器和位于壳体内且与控制器MCU相连接的接收器,其中发射器设有发射控制器、驱动电路、光源、按键、电源电路,其中发射控制器分别与驱动电路、按键、电源电路相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;接收器设有接收用驱动电路、光源、按键,其中控制器MCU分别与接收用驱动电路、光源、按键相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;其中光源均采用LED光源,驱动电路中均设有限流电阻。
本发明在使用时,发射控制器的电源采用5V纽扣电池BAT,发射控制器的第22脚与按键S1和上拉电阻R1相连,第26脚与限流电阻R1相连,R1与光源LED的正极相连,LED的负极接地,当按键S1按下时,发射控制器控制光源以固定频率闪烁,其固定频率代表一种电池的充电曲线;接收机构中控制器MCU的21脚通过限流电阻R3与光源LED正极相连接,光源LED负极接地,在充电机不需要更改内置充电曲线时,光源LED为发光源,用于显示整个充电机的工作状态,当充电机需要更改内置充电曲线时,LED为接收光源,接收外部发射器传递的载有充电曲线信息的频率信号;光源LED接收到闪烁光源刺激,在其正极端产生同等频率的3V电平信号,控制器MCU检测此电平信号,完成充电曲线的更换。本发明与现有技术相比,具有结构合理、工作效率高、成本低等显著的优点。
Claims (6)
1.一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,设有壳体,其特征在于设有壳体,壳体包括主体和上盖,主体和上盖上对应设有相匹配的螺钉孔和紧固螺钉,主体和箱盖相扣合的部分对应设有相配合的定位凹槽和定位凸筋,所述主体采用导热性好的金属材料制成,主体外部设有散热鳍片阵列,所述散热鳍片与主体固定连接,也采用导热性好的金属材料制成,壳体内设有两个以上的导热板,导热板采用导热性好的金属材料制成,导热板经螺钉与箱体相连接,PCB板固定在导热板上;导热板厚度范围为3-5mm,导热板上开设用于固定PCB板的定位凹槽;壳体内还设有控制器MCU、充电机构、充电曲线更换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与充电机构、充电曲线更换电路相连接;还设有整流电路、交流电压检测电路、直流电压检测电路、PFC电路、DC/DC升压电路和脉宽调制集成电路;所述交流电压检测电路与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的交流电压检测端相连;所述直流电压检测电路与外部直流输入端口相连,所述直流电压检测电路的输出端与所述脉宽调制集成电路的直流电压检测端相连;所述整流电路的输入端与外部交流输入端口相连,输出端分别与所述PFC电路的输入端、所述DC/DC升压电路的输入端相连;外部直流输入端口与所述整流电路的输出端相连;所述PFC电路的输出端和所述DC/DC升压电路的输出端与后级功率变换电路连接;所述脉宽调制集成电路的第一PWM驱动端与所述PFC电路相连,所述脉宽调制集成电路的第二PWM驱动端与所述DC/DC升压电路相连;所述自保护电路包括电源变压器、整流电路、电压自动调节、接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路,其中电源变压器与整流电路相连接,整流电路的输出端分别与接反保护电路、充足自动断电电路相连接;壳体上开设形变组件固定孔,弹性膜固定在形变组件固定孔上,壳体内导热硅胶灌注层,通过导热硅胶灌注层,填充PCB板或锂电池组与箱体之间的空隙,提高导热效率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,其特征在于所述充电机构包括变压器、整流电路、分流器、电流检测电路、放大电路、充电电流控制电路、A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路,其中控制器MCU分别与A/D转换电路、D/A转换电路相连接,A/D转换电路的另一端与电流检测电路的输出端相连接,电流检测电路的输入端与放大电路的输出端相连接,放大电路的输入端与分流器的输出端相连接,分流器的输入端与整流电路相连接,整流电路与待充电电池的正负极相连接且整流电路与变压器相连接,充电电流控制电路连接在D/A转换电路与整流电路之间,还设有与控制器MCU相连接的无线通信电路。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,其特征在于所述的无线通信电路采用WIFI通信模块或4G/GPRS通信模块或蓝牙通信模块。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,其特征在于所述的整流电路采用可控硅整流电路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,其特征在于所述充电曲线更换电路包括位于壳体外的发射器和位于壳体内且与控制器MCU相连接的接收器,其中发射器设有发射控制器、驱动电路、光源、按键、电源电路,其中发射控制器分别与驱动电路、按键、电源电路相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;接收器设有接收用驱动电路、光源、按键,其中控制器MCU分别与接收用驱动电路、光源、按键相连接,驱动电路的输出端与光源相连接;其中光源均采用LED光源,驱动电路中均设有限流电阻。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种自保护车载电动叉车用电池管理***,其特征在于所述电压自动调节电路由二极管D 3、电容C 1与二极管D 1、D 2及三极管G 1、继电器J 1组成的回路;所述接反保护电路由三极管G 2、继电器J 3与电阻R 3分别连接开关K 3、K 4及K 5、K6;所述充足自动断电电路主要由继电器J 2、三极管G 3、二极管D 6及电阻R 4、R 5、R 6构成回路。
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