CN107808412A - A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method - Google Patents

A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method Download PDF

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CN107808412A
CN107808412A CN201711135287.9A CN201711135287A CN107808412A CN 107808412 A CN107808412 A CN 107808412A CN 201711135287 A CN201711135287 A CN 201711135287A CN 107808412 A CN107808412 A CN 107808412A
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dimensional
angle
model
thermal source
environment
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丁嵘
吴渊渊
杨金健
王惠民
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Beihang University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/48Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
    • G01J5/485Temperature profile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J2005/0077Imaging

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost to determine environmental information method.This method uses two-dimensional laser radar, and environment is modeled in the auxiliary of steering wheel, then environmental model is merged with the thermal source information that thermal imaging system obtains, and finally constructs a three-dimensional heat source model with spatial information and thermal source information.The model is built in the form of a cloud, therefore uses greedy projection Triangulation Algorithm (greedy projection triangulation algorithm) to carry out trigonometric ratio to it with augmented reality effect.The present invention realizes a kind of method that can carry out Real-time modeling set to thermal source environment on the premise of low cost, and modeling accuracy can be also adjusted according to demand, realize the three-dimensional heat source model for obtaining environment.

Description

A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental modeling and acquisition of information, specifically a kind of two-dimensional laser using low cost Cooperative mechanical device realizes the modeling to three-dimensional environment, then merges the temperature information of thermal imaging system acquisition, realizes to three-dimensional thermal source The modeling of environment.
Background technology
In recent years, Fire in China frequency and caused by property loss and casualties quantity rising be presented become Gesture, fire have become in the world today the higher a kind of disaster of occurrence frequency in multiple disaster.Sent out for current fire The trend that raw frequency rises, and fire field environment is to grave danger of fire fighter's personal safety, increasing unmanned machine Start to put into the scene of a fire, assist fire department to place under repair the scene of a fire.
The sensing equipment that tradition is applied to scene of a fire unmanned machine is commonly common camera, and fire-fighting work personnel are according to image Data, and itself working experience is combined so as to judge fire field environment, determine further work.But this perceptive mode is not It is adjusted for the particularity of fire field environment, is easily influenceed by factors such as light intensities, and can only observes naked light, this Just there is certain requirement to itself judgement of fire-fighting staff, this method is to want to break away from this requirement, Accurately and reliably environmental information is directly obtained, so that it is determined that scene of a fire form.In view of in fire field environment, temperature information can be We determined that the intensity of a fire has great help, therefore when perceiving environment, the also thermal source information in extraction environment.
Instantly it is directed to and establishes three-dimensional heat source model and also there are many researchs, but when establishing threedimensional model, uses Be mostly RGB-D video cameras or 3d laser radars, and both all some limitations when using, RGB-D video cameras distance compared with Effect is poor when remote, and is had a great influence by illumination condition;3d laser radars are then expensive, are not suitable in the dangerous scene such as the scene of a fire Promote the use of.Simultaneously in terms of thermal imaging data are merged with laser data, existing method enters rower if any to thermal imaging system It is fixed, the temperature data of three-dimensional is obtained according to monocular slam methods, then blend with laser data;Also have solid by thermal imaging measurement Face is allocated, and then is carried out by the method for interpolation to calculating angular relationship of the measurement object between given plane and then to model Coloring;Also there is position in manually measurement thermal imaging in model corresponding to particular point etc..But thermal imaging system in these methods Focal length can not change in first use, for different scales scene can be imaged because can not correctly focus it is more fuzzy, Simultaneously when demarcating thermal imaging system, because of the special characteristic of thermal imaging, it can not be demarcated using conventional method, it is more troublesome during demarcation, need The sensory perceptual system of unmanned machine can not also be turned into by participating in the method for measurement manually.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental modeling mode based on low cost and obtains accurate acquisition environment Thermal source information approach, it is therefore intended that in place of avoiding the deficiencies in the prior art, in the present invention, used two-dimensional laser to enter environment Row three-dimensional modeling ensure that the precision and reliability of modeling, while price is relatively inexpensive compared to three-dimensional laser, make for its popularization With laying the first stone, while the angle of visual field of thermal imaging make use of to merge thermal source and spatial information, while the angle of visual field can be pre- by combining First measurement data is determined with the parameter provided in SDK, can accurately obtain the thermal source information of environment, a whole set of Method may finally be rapidly and accurately to three-dimensional thermal source environmental modeling.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of three-dimensional thermal source ring based on low cost Border model determines environmental information method, and step is as follows:
Step 1:Thermal imaging is measured, determines its angle of visual field;
Step 2:Realized using two-dimensional laser equipment combination mechanical device and three-dimensional modeling is carried out to environment, obtained result is The three-dimensional point cloud model of environment;
Step 3:The thermal source information of environment is obtained using thermal imaging system, obtained result is two-dimentional temperature matrices;
Step 4:The model that step 2 obtains is merged with the temperature matrices that step 3 obtains according to the angle of visual field, had There is thermal source information three-dimensional point cloud model;
Step 5:The point cloud model that step 4 is obtained carries out trigonometric ratio, obtains final three-dimensional heat source model, fire-fighting nobody Three-dimensional heat source model described in equipment utilization determines thermal source.
Further, in the step 1, the method for determining the angle of visual field is:
The parameter k related to the angle of visual field is obtained by sdk, by measuring two groups of k values and corresponding angle of visual field size, you can The angle of visual field size at the moment is determined according to the k values of any time.
Further, in the step 2, the method for obtaining threedimensional model is:
The angle of the plane of scanning motion of two-dimensional laser is quickly constantly changing using mechanical device, then two dimensional laser scanning is obtained Multiple planes according to scanning when angle fusion under same coordinate system, so as to obtain the threedimensional model of environment.
Further, in the step 4, using the angle of visual field size of thermal imaging during fusion, model is coloured, specifically Process is, first by point cloud model by coordinate system transformation, transforms under the coordinate system where temperature matrices, further according to temperature matrices In vertical angle corresponding to each temperature and level angle (i.e. the angle of pitch and yaw angle) determine the temperature of the point in corresponding points cloud Information is spent, finally recycles colourity packing to be coloured according to temperature value to a cloud.
Further, in the step 5, Triangulation Algorithm is projected using greediness, corresponding parameter is set according to scene scale, Realize the trigonometric ratio of point cloud.
The principle of the present invention is:
A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method, step 1):To thermal imaging system The angle of visual field carries out two groups of measurements, respectively obtains influence angle of visual field size in two groups of different angle of visual field sizes sdk corresponding with its Parameter value.And then pass through mathematical derivation, it may be determined that the angle of visual field size of any time.Step 2):Use mechanical device The quick angle for being constantly changing two-dimensional laser measurement plane, it is multiple flat using two dimensional laser scanning in a short time so as to realize Face, obtains the range information of the multiple planes of same position, and goes out each of which plane according to the angle calcu-lation between each of which plane The three-dimensional coordinate each put in point cloud corresponding to upper, and the point cloud of above-mentioned multiple planes is merged under the same coordinate system, obtain Final three-dimensional spatial information.The plane number wherein scanned can suitably be adjusted according to different scenes different demands.Step It is rapid 3):The temperature information of environment is obtained using thermal imaging system, can now be adjusted temperature matrices according to different demands, such as set Lock value, the temperature less than lock value make it be equal to lock value, so as to which temperature highlights the region more than lock value.Step 4):According to above-mentioned step The rapid point cloud model for obtaining three-dimensional spatial information, i.e. environment, and behind temperature matrices and current field angle, by the point cloud mould of environment Type is transformed to by coordinate system transformation under the coordinate system residing for thermal imaging system, then calculate in a cloud yaw angle corresponding to each point with The angle of pitch, the temperature of correspondence position is chosen from temperature matrices, as the temperature, obtains the point cloud mould with temperature information Type.Further according to HSL color standards, a cloud is coloured according to temperature, obtained with the point cloud of color performance temperature information.Step It is rapid 5):Point cloud is projected into Triangulation Algorithm using greedy, trigonometric ratio enhancing effect of visualization is carried out to it, finally gives environment Three-dimensional heat source model.The three-dimensional heat source model perceives surrounding environment for fire department unmanned machine and provides help.
It is an advantage of the current invention that avoid the three-dimensional laser radar valency used in existing reliable high-precision modeling technique The expensive limitation of lattice, reliable accurately environmental modeling is provided simultaneously in low cost.By using two-dimensional laser to environment in short-term The interior multiple planes of scanning, realize the three-dimensional modeling to environment.Simultaneously as temperature is believed using the angle of visual field of thermal imaging system Breath is merged with spatial information, avoids and scenery can not be carried out correctly in different scenes caused by focal length can not change Focus and caused fuzzy problem.The correlation technique designed using the present invention, can be around fire department unmanned machine perceives Environment provides help.
Simultaneously as the technology uses two-dimensional laser:Angle by adjusting two-dimensional laser realizes that scanning is more in the short time Individual plane and then three dimensional environmental model is modeled, it is acceptant more than three-dimensional laser in terms of cost, while two-dimensional laser type It is number various, the laser of different finding ranges can be selected according to demand, the shortcomings that having evaded RGB-D video cameras remote effect difference, Scan precision simultaneously is not also influenceed by factors such as ambient lights, and reliability is stronger.Plane of scanning motion number also can be according to different demands Suitably adjusted, so as to change the time that run-down is spent, it is more wide to adapt it to scene.
The technology goes in most of scenes for needing to be modeled three-dimensional thermal source environment, because this method energy The three-dimensional heat source model of enough quick obtaining environment.It can also be closed by adjusting the conversion between temperature matrices and color simultaneously System, provides the user more personalized service, can also be adjusted by adjusting the number of two dimensional laser scanning plane to field The speed of scape model construction, also it can control the three-dimensional thermal source environment mould finally established by adjusting the angle between the plane of scanning motion The precision of type.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost of the present invention determines environmental information method implementation process Figure;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that two-dimensional laser measures three-dimensional environment;
Fig. 3 is two dimensional laser scanning face explanation figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme is described in further detail.
The workflow of package and details implementation are described using the flow chart shown in Fig. 1.
Specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1):The three-dimensional information of environment is collected using two-dimensional laser, environment is modeled.By steering wheel and two-dimensional laser Center vertical alignment is assembled, and is scanned according to Fig. 2 flow.Two-dimensional laser is once scanned using N number of point, is measured Effective angle be [α12], effective point sequence [sm,sn], as shown in Figure 3.Therefore for k-th point, azimuth corresponding to the point θkIt can be obtained by formula below:
θk=(k-m)/N × (α21)+α1
And the angle of pitch σ of the pointkIt is then to be determined by the anglec of rotation of steering wheel now, therefore three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to the point is:
Wherein, l is the distance between the point and laser radar that two-dimensional laser radar measures.Therefore when steering wheel drives laser thunder Up to when rotating, laser radar is scanned to multiple planes in space, and the above-mentioned formula of pressing scanned is saved in into flute card Under your coordinate system, the threedimensional model of environment is finally given.
Step 2):The temperature information of environment is obtained using thermal imaging system.Process for using is fixed flow, can be with by SDK Directly obtain temperature matrices, and focus absolute position x, Jin Eryou:
K=Cx
Wherein k is the actual physics length representated by x, and C is preset parameter.And the relation between k and f is:
F=fconst+k
And there is the relation between the angle of visual field ω and f to be:
Therefore, by a series of mathematical derivations, it can be finally given according to above-mentioned three formula:
Wherein ω3With x3The corresponding angle of visual field for any time and focus absolute position, ω1、x1, ω2、x2It can then pass through Two groups of angles of visual field are measured to obtain with focus absolute position.Therefore by mathematical computations, the moment is calculated by focus absolute position Angle of visual field size.
Step 3):Temperature information is blended with the environmental model previously obtained.Changed by coordinate system, by environmental model Transform under the coordinate system corresponding to thermal imaging, then calculate each point is corresponding in a cloud the angle of pitch and yaw angle, fall The angle of pitch and yaw angle point equal thereto, fall the point beyond visual field without temperature on point selection temperature matrices in field range Information.On the calculating of each point angle of pitch and yaw angle on temperature matrices, the position of the point in a matrix can be utilized to determine.
Step 4):After step 3) terminates, the point cloud with temperature information is obtained, but the temperature information is protected in the form of temperature Deposit, directly can not intuitively observe profiling temperatures, therefore utilize HSL colour models, by temperature information be mapped to 240 °~ In the range of 0 °, mapping function can be adjusted according to demand herein, finally give the environmental model using color performance temperature height.
Step 5):After having coloured, model is still to be stored in the form of a cloud, therefore uses greedy projection Triangulation Algorithm, is led to The parameter of adjustment trigonometric ratio is crossed, will entirely put cloud trigonometric ratio, strengthens visual effect.
After the completion of above-mentioned steps, the environmental model that temperature height is showed by color is finally given, is so far completed pair The modeling of three-dimensional thermal source environment.
Fire-fighting unmanned plane can determine heat source position rapidly according to the environmental model, the time required to reducing fire extinguishing;Going out simultaneously Secondary economic loss can be reduced according to the secondary fire origin of environmental model detection of concealed after fire.
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, to the technical side of the present invention Case is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover in the present invention Right among.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method, it is characterised in that:Step is as follows:
Step 1:Thermal imaging is measured, determines its angle of visual field;
Step 2:Realized using two-dimensional laser equipment combination mechanical device and three-dimensional modeling is carried out to environment, obtained result is environment Three-dimensional point cloud model;
Step 3:The thermal source information of environment is obtained using thermal imaging system, obtained result is two-dimentional temperature matrices;
Step 4:The model that step 2 obtains is merged with the temperature matrices that step 3 obtains according to the angle of visual field, obtains that there is heat Source information three-dimensional point cloud model;
Step 5:The point cloud model that step 4 is obtained carries out trigonometric ratio, obtains final three-dimensional heat source model, fire-fighting unmanned machine Thermal source is determined using described three-dimensional heat source model.
2. a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost according to claim 1 determines environmental information method, its It is characterised by:In the step 1, the method for determining the angle of visual field is:
The parameter k related to the angle of visual field is obtained by sdk, by measuring two groups of k values and corresponding angle of visual field size, you can according to The k values of any time determine the angle of visual field size at the moment.
3. a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost according to claim 1 determines environmental information method, its It is characterised by:In the step 2, the method for obtaining threedimensional model is:
The angle of the plane of scanning motion of two-dimensional laser is quickly constantly changing using mechanical device, then two dimensional laser scanning is obtained Multiple planes according to scanning when angle fusion under same coordinate system, so as to obtain the threedimensional model of environment.
4. a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost according to claim 1 determines environmental information method, its It is characterised by:In the step 4, using the angle of visual field size of thermal imaging during fusion, model is coloured, detailed process is, First by point cloud model by coordinate system transformation, transform under the coordinate system where temperature matrices, further according to each in temperature matrices Vertical angle corresponding to individual temperature and level angle (i.e. the angle of pitch and yaw angle) determine the temperature information of the point in corresponding points cloud, Finally colourity packing is recycled to be coloured according to temperature value to a cloud.
5. a kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost according to claim 1 determines environmental information method, its It is characterised by:In the step 5, Triangulation Algorithm is projected using greediness, corresponding parameter is set according to scene scale, realizes point cloud Trigonometric ratio.
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CN109490899A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-03-19 广西交通科学研究院有限公司 Fire source localization method in a kind of tunnel based on laser radar and infrared thermal imager
CN110672212A (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-01-10 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Spatial three-dimensional temperature field detection method, computer readable storage medium and intelligent household appliance
CN110717987A (en) * 2019-10-11 2020-01-21 徐州中矿奥特麦科技有限公司 Data fusion method based on stock ground model and temperature model
CN111968221A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-20 广东中科瑞泰智能科技有限公司 Dual-mode three-dimensional modeling method and device based on temperature field and live-action video stream
CN112345084A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-02-09 北京易达恩能科技有限公司 Three-dimensional temperature field construction method and device based on digital twin environment
CN114534134A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-27 安徽阿拉丁航空航天有限公司 Online unmanned full-automatic fire prevention rescue unmanned aerial vehicle device and system that puts out a fire

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109490899A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-03-19 广西交通科学研究院有限公司 Fire source localization method in a kind of tunnel based on laser radar and infrared thermal imager
CN110672212A (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-01-10 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Spatial three-dimensional temperature field detection method, computer readable storage medium and intelligent household appliance
CN110717987A (en) * 2019-10-11 2020-01-21 徐州中矿奥特麦科技有限公司 Data fusion method based on stock ground model and temperature model
CN110717987B (en) * 2019-10-11 2023-03-14 徐州中矿奥特麦科技有限公司 Data fusion method based on stock ground model and temperature model
CN111968221A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-20 广东中科瑞泰智能科技有限公司 Dual-mode three-dimensional modeling method and device based on temperature field and live-action video stream
CN112345084A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-02-09 北京易达恩能科技有限公司 Three-dimensional temperature field construction method and device based on digital twin environment
CN112345084B (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-09-28 北京易达恩能科技有限公司 Three-dimensional temperature field construction method and device based on digital twin environment
CN114534134A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-27 安徽阿拉丁航空航天有限公司 Online unmanned full-automatic fire prevention rescue unmanned aerial vehicle device and system that puts out a fire

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