CN107807199A - A kind of electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method - Google Patents

A kind of electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method Download PDF

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CN107807199A
CN107807199A CN201711054914.6A CN201711054914A CN107807199A CN 107807199 A CN107807199 A CN 107807199A CN 201711054914 A CN201711054914 A CN 201711054914A CN 107807199 A CN107807199 A CN 107807199A
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seconds
flue gas
tobacco
way solenoid
solenoid valve
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CN107807199B (en
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高大启
宋佳敏
张小勤
王泽建
王喆
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East China University of Science and Technology
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Priority to US16/651,722 priority patent/US10895560B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/079389 priority patent/WO2019085369A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of electronic nose instrument of the present invention and tobacco and one of tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, feature, gas sensor array module, flue gas automatic sample handling system, computer control are integrated in a test box with data analysis system, automatic ignition device；The two of feature are, smoke panel test process of the professional to cigarette smoke is simulated, flue gas automatic sample handling system realizes first flue gas, the moon/spontaneous combustion, automatic switchover and gas flow automatic conversion between 6500 ml/mins and 1050 ml/mins between second mouthful of flue gas, pure air and surrounding air；The three of feature are that gas sensor array and cigarette smoke time of contact are short, and only 2 seconds, first flue gas was not passed through gas sensor array module completely；The four of feature are tobacco electronic nose instrument critical component modularization, over all Integrationization and miniaturization, operation automation, realize that extensive tobacco and automatic on-line detection, identification and the aesthetic quality's index score of tobacco product sample are predicted.

Description

A kind of electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method
Technical field
An a kind of electronic nose instrument of the invention and tobacco and tobacco product quality determining method, it is related to computer, accurate survey Amount, precision optical machinery, automatically control, analytical chemistry, Field of Tobacco, towards tobacco and tobacco product process of producing product quality control With market surpervision demand, mainly solve electronic nose automation equipment, integrated and miniaturization issues and Sensory Quality of Cigarette scene Test problems.For simplicity, " tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's electronic nose instrument " is referred to as " tobacco electronics below Nose ".
Background technology
" smokeing panel test " refers in certain circumstances, and the certain organs such as the oral cavity of employment, nasal cavity, throat are to tobacco and tobacco system The quality of product and flavouring essence for tobacco and effect carry out naked eyes evaluation, i.e. cigarette interior quality-aesthetic quality's index evaluation.Existing rank Section, tobacco determine by the sensory evaluating smoking of people completely with tobacco product quality good or not.Compared with the taste compounds such as wine, tea, food, cigarette Grass and the unique distinction of tobacco product be, quality evaluation places one's entire reliance upon the sense organ of people, there is no practicable reason so far Change Indexs measure and analysis method.
Existing professional standard《Tobacco and tobacco product sensory evaluation method》YC/T138-1998 is by State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau 1998.03.12 day is issued, and implements 1998.05.01 days, is widely used in tobacco enterprise production and industry and market management. The standard provides that member of smoking is evaluated tobacco and tobacco product sample using the overall method of smokeing panel test that circulates, and is filled in shown in table 1 Every aesthetic quality's index score.Wherein, gloss and harmony digit synbol divide unit to be 0.5, fragrance, miscellaneous gas, excitant and remaining Taste index unit of scoring is 1.0.Calculated with hundred-mark system, two index full marks of fragrance and miscellaneous gas are up to 52 points, and accounting is up to 52%.
In addition to color and luster this external quality index, in matter in this 5, fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression in table 1 Figureofmerit all has direct or indirect relation with nasal receptor.In order that Analyses Methods for Sensory Evaluation Results is as objective as possible, just, accurate, The personnel that smoke panel test have to pass through Specialized Theory training and technology is taken exercise, and keep correct psychological condition and good physical qualification；Comment Standard requirement should be reached by inhaling environmental condition, calibrated and sought unity of talking with calibration sample before smokeing panel test.Smokeing panel test group member should be enough, It is general should be 7 people and more than, all members of group average values of giving a mark are some tobacco sample aesthetic quality's index final score, And with bi-distribution and χ2Distribution carries out significance test.
Table 1, cigarette (tobacco manufactured goods) aesthetic quality examine tables of original record (YC/T138-1998)
Note：It is full marks value in bracket.
Professional standard YC/T138 provides that tobacco and tobacco product sensory evaluation person are divided into primary member of smoking, preferably member of smoking With three kinds of expert.After being specifically chosen and training, the primary condition that member of smoking should meet is：(a) there is tobacco and tobacco system Product professional knowledge；(b) there is sensory evaluating smoking's interest and experience；(c) health, the defects of without in terms of any sensation；(d) it is individual People's sensitiveness is normal, and mutual sensitiveness is consistent；(e) physiological status is normal during smokeing panel test；(f) must not be eaten before smokeing panel test pungent etc. Irritable food, it must not drink；(g) substantially do not savour, without using odorous cosmetics.For prevent sensory fatigue and Discomfort, continuously the smoke panel test number of sample of single member of smoking should be typically controlled within 25/day.Smoke panel test should it is quiet, noiseless, Ventilation, the indoor progress of smokeing panel test of free from extraneous odour.
At present, " smoke panel test " and be not only to determine tobacco and tobacco product quality uniquely practicable method, and be also true Determine the basis of tobacco and tobacco product product formula structure, be exploitation new product, keep existing product style and steady quality Necessary and decisive means.For consumer-smoker, smoking is a kind of physiological stimulation and fine enjoyment, in the absence of work Problem；And for the personnel that smoke panel test, identification of smokeing panel test is then an extremely arduous, elaboration, and thought will during smokeing panel test High concentration, concentrate, to be judged within short a few minutes.
It is human consensus that Smoking is harmful to your health.By the component analysis procedure that many decades are very long and cumbersome, tobacco academia Finally find, cigarette smoke is the complicated aerosol being made up of 4,000~5,000 kinds of compositions.It is most of in people's smoking process Flue gas sucks lung, another part harmful substance or rests on lung, or complete into alimentary canal, or into blood circulation, flow direction Body.Scientific research result points out that nicotine is the main reason for being addicted to smoking, and is had to human body especially cardiovascular system certain Toxic action.Contain cancer inducing agent and cancer accelerator composition, such as benzo [a] pyrene in tar.Moreover, cigarette smoke In phenols, alcohols, acids, aldehydes, CO, HCN, NH3It is poisonous and have carcinogenesis Deng material.In a word, if permanent smoking, Carcinogen in flue gas and promote cancer material by injuring normal cell, greatly improve the probability for suffering from the diseases such as lung cancer.In other words, Long-term drawing tobacco undoubtedly can produce grievous injury with tobacco product to the body for the personnel that smoke panel test.
According to existing professional standard YC/T138, the subjective appreciation of cigarette interior quality is typically using " overall circulation is smoked panel test Method "：Flue gas is sucked oral cavity by member of smoking, is discharged slowly from nasal cavity again after being swallowed by throat, is utilized sense organ of all smokeing panel test Evaluated.Different degree, physiology and psychologic status difference, environment bar are caught due to sense organ sensitivity and to indices The factors such as part difference influence, and cause smoking result description and the difference judged between member of smoking, this absolutely proves sensory evaluating smoking's method There is significant limitation.
If concern is primarily with the aesthetic quality of tobacco manufactured goods or cigarette commodity by professional standard YC/T138, then, 2012.01 the professional standard that the moon is implemented《Tobacco is in product sensory evaluation method》YC/T415-2011 main purpose is then tobacco In the process of article manufacturing process, optimization, technical parameter optimization and control of product quality are set.YC/T415 is by sensory evaluation Index is divided into fragrance, flue gas, 3 big characteristic of mouthfeel, then each characteristic is subdivided into 4 individual event totally 3 × 4=12 individual events, such as the institute of table 2 Show.Each setup measures 1~9 totally 9 integer score values.The intensity of variation of aromatic style is dependent on fragrance, flue gas, mouthfeel 3
Table 2, tobacco is in product sensory evaluation index table (YC/T415-2011)
Enterprise：Process or workshop section：Grade, module or brand：
The change of big characteristic.
Professional standard YC/T415 main purposes are to investigate process and the change of workshop section or the change of technological parameter to tobacco Situation is fluctuated in the influence of product aesthetic quality, and in quality of item.The standard is smoked panel test method using contrast, with process or workshop section The sample produced before change or normally is as control sample, to evaluate the sample quality after process or workshop section's change, i.e. fragrance wind Lattice intensity of variation and process workshop section treatment situation.Industrial application result shows that YC/T415 evaluation index can more fully reflect Tobacco style feature and qualitative character.At present, this standard is used for material quality evaluation, new product by domestic most cigarette enterprises Exploitation, cigarette composition are substituted, tobacco leaf is examined in quality of item etc..
2015.01 months professional standards proposed of State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau《Cured tobacco leaf liquor style characteristic sensory evaluation side Method》YC/T530-2015, according to Chinese-style cigarette quality requirement, lay particular emphasis on the evaluation of cured tobacco leaf liquor style characteristic.The standard Continue to use《Tobacco is in product sensory evaluation method》YC/T415 and《Cigarette Chinese-style cigarette style sensory evaluation method》YC/T 497- 2014 relevant evaluation indexs, with reference to cured tobacco leaf quality characteristic, the classification of style and features, qualitative characteristics is carried out.With YC/ T415 is compared, the standard by clean level, return sweet tea this 2 indexs and be included into " pleasant impression " index, propose 16 kinds of notes, 3 kinds of fragrance shapes State and 9 kinds of miscellaneous gas types, increase soft degree, mellow and full sense evaluation index, retain aroma quality, thoroughly perfume quantity, hair property, strength, dense Degree, miscellaneous gas, excitant, dry sensation, soft level index, try hard to more comprehensively reflect tobacco style feature.
This 3 existing tobacco business standards of YC/T497, YC/T415, YC/T138 to the effect that tobacco leaf, tobacco in product With the quality evaluation problem of tobacco manufactured goods, dependence be people sense organ, emphasize the sensation and experience of people, fragrance therein, association Tune, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression, strength, the inherent quality index such as hair property all has direct or indirect relation with nasal receptor thoroughly.
It must be noted that above-mentioned 3 professional standards do not have the specific process of smokeing panel test of specification member of smoking.Smoke panel test exactly flue gas Oral cavity suction, throat are swallowed, nasal cavity exhalation is so-called " suction ", " gulping down ", the process of " exhaling ".Specific step of smokeing panel test is generally：
(1) cigarette is lighted.Using unified burning things which may cause a fire disaster；
(2) first cigarette.Flue gas is sucked into oral cavity with appropriate aspiration, spued immediately after；
(3) it is cloudy right.Cigarette self burns in surrounding air；
(4) second mouthfuls of cigarettes.Flue gas is sucked into oral cavity with appropriate aspiration, the 2-4 seconds are stopped in oral cavity, swallow flue gas, so After close lip, force flue gas from nasal cavity slowly breathe out.
Lot of experiments points out that first flue gas must not be used as basis for estimation, because first flue gas is very easily different by burning things which may cause a fire disaster The influence of the factors such as taste, flavouring essence for tobacco, initial combustion state.Flue gas " aspiration " is to influence the weight of judgment accuracy of smokeing panel test Want factor.The personnel that smoke panel test are not machines, can only as far as possible control and keep personal or flue gas aspiration between each other consistent.Foundation National standard《Conventional analysis is defined with smoking machine and standard conditions》GB/T16450-2004, people take a pull at the average volume of flue gas For 35 milliliters, flue gas flow is 17.5 milliliters/seconds, and suction time is 2 seconds, and these data are the Main Basiss of the present invention.
Smell is scent molecule stimulation nasal cavity olfactory cell and caused complexity is felt.Existing smell performance rating standard is emphasized The nasal receptor of people, not only Terminology is poor, and is influenceed by factors such as physiology, psychology, environment to be difficult to objective public affairs Just.The component analyzing methods such as color, mass spectrum can determine hundreds of or even thousands of kinds of chemical compositions, but it is complicated to analyze process；Composition is more, Analysis time is longer.For example, it is American scholar and technology people that cigarette smoke, which contains 4000~5000 kinds of chemical composition this results, Member obtains by the spectrum constituent analysis of many decades chromaticness.Moreover, taste compound chemical composition and odor types and intensity it Between relation be also seldom realized and grasp.
The gas sensor array of core one of electronic nose instrument to the organic volatile such as hydrocarbon, alkene, alcohol, ester, acid, aldehyde gas and CO, NH3There is high sensitivity Deng reducing inorganic Volatile Gas.Especially it is worthy of note that, SnO2Semi-conductor type gas sensor is to cigarette Flue gas directly produces volt step voltage response output, it is not necessary to which secondary meter amplifies, and this comes to tobacco and tobacco product performance rating Say it is very attractive.Exactly in this case, the electronic nose instrument evaluation method of tobacco and tobacco product quality by Pay much attention to.
People expect tobacco and tobacco product type, brand, true and false etc. to be identified with electronic nose instrument, to perfume (or spice) Aesthetic quality's indexs such as gas, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression carry out objective, just quantitative prediction, and tobacco is existed accordingly Article manufacturing process process is set and process parameter optimizing, evaluates tobacco and tobacco product credit rating, and this method is included Into the professional standard and national standard of correlation.
The characteristics of tobacco and tobacco product sensory quality assessment is that first flue gas is not as evaluation object；First cigarette There is a cigarette between gas and second mouthful of flue gas from/smoldering process.In order to which electronic nose instrument and method are used for into tobacco and tobacco In quality of item evaluation, it would be desirable to solve problems with：
(A) gas sensor type selecting optimizes with condition of work
Cigarette smoke feature is that (1) composition is various and complicated；(2) some composition adhesive force are very strong；(3) content is little Composition influences very big on sensory experience.These are gas sensor type selecting and the foundation of condition of work optimization.On the one hand, air-sensitive passes Response speed should be possible fast on the premise of with necessary sensitivity for sensor；On the other hand, gas sensor and cigarette smoke Time of contact should be as short as possible, and surrounding air flushing flow rate should be as big as possible, and washing time should be grown as far as possible, to rinse as far as possible Fall the flue gas molecule sticked, avoid it from adhering on gas sensor sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct, be easy to gas sensor Recover as early as possible.
(B) cigarette smoke sampling process precise automatic
Operation automation and this 2 points easy to operate are even more important to tobacco electronic nose instrument.Smoke panel test personnel's to simulate Smoke panel test process, it would be desirable to which design is without flame igniter, invention cigarette smoke precision automatic sampling system, design flue gas waste gas row Go out system, meet only have second mouthful of flue gas to flow through gas sensor array annular working chamber, and the milliliters/second of flow 17.5, continue 2 Second, 35 milliliters of these requirements of flue gas volume.In addition to cigarette sample insertion cigarette holder and residual stub taking-up abandon the two links, Flue gas sampling whole process is automatically performed by tobacco electronic nose instrument.
(c) tobacco electronic nose instrument critical component modularization and miniaturization
We are needed data collecting card drive circuit, gas sensor array operating circuit, DC power supply circuit, a variety of Element driving circuit is integrated in one, and forms driving and controlling circuits module；On the basis that multiple magnetic valves and choke valve are integrated On, it would be desirable to innovation and creation flue gas precision sampling system module, realize miniaturization.For convenient installation and replacing, we also need It is directed to modularization and the miniaturization of the parts such as gas sensor array and multi-channel dc power supply.
(D) tobacco electronic nose instrument integration
To make tobacco electronic nose walk out laboratory, on the basis of critical component modularization with miniaturization, it would be desirable to solve Certainly instrument over all Integration and miniaturization issues, dreamboat are by gas sensor array module, flue gas precision sampling system Module, waste gas discharge module, power module, work and control circuit module, computer, display unit, peripheral hardware are integrated in one In small-sized test box, development and design goes out small, in light weight, the easy to operate tobacco electronic nose instrument of size, is easy to cigarette sense organ matter The Site Detection of figureofmerit and evaluation.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in existing patent of invention《A kind of machine olfaction device and its olfactory analog method of testing》(referring to patent Application number：02111046.8)、《A kind of machine olfaction odor distinguishing method based on modular combination neutral net》(referring to special Sharp application number：03141537.7)、《A kind of small automatic machine smell instrument and smell analysis method》(referring to patent application Number：200710036260.4)、《A kind of olfactory analog instrument and a variety of smell qualitative and quantitative analysis methods》(referring to patent application Number：201010115026.2)、《Towards gas sensor selection, replacing and the bearing calibration of olfactory analog instrument》(referring to patent Application number：201310419648.8) and《A kind of olfactory analog instrument and predetermined substance gas (smell) taste grade field assay method》 (referring to number of patent application：201310315482.5) on the basis of, a kind of electronic nose instrument and analysis method are invented to solve cigarette Grass and tobacco product scene automatic detection, identification and aesthetic quality's quantification of targets forecasting problem.
To achieve these goals, a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection side Method, tobacco electronic nose instrument therein include gas sensor array module, flue gas automatic sample handling system, computer control and number According to analysis system, automatic ignition device, tobacco and tobacco product identification and the prediction of aesthetic quality's index score are realized；
Gas sensor array module is by 16 SnO2Semi-conductor type gas sensor form, be distributed in central diameter φ 140mm, In cross dimensions 20mm × 16mm annular seal space, gas sensor array annular working chamber is formed；The annular working chamber is in 55 In ± 0.1 DEG C of thermostatic chamber, positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument upper right side；
Flue gas automatic sample handling system includes the totally 6 bi-bit bi-pass electromagnetism of cigarette clamper, minipump, first to the 6th Valve, first and second totally two choke valves, flowmeter, gas pipeline, overflow flue gas discharger, positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument Lower right；
Automatic ignition device includes ignition coil, ignition head, dynamic iron core, magnet coil, magnetic conduction brandreth, compression spring, bullet Spring abutment, cable, bearing, positioned at the right front lower place of tobacco electronic nose instrument；
Computer controls includes computer motherboard, data collecting card, precision linear and Switching Power Supply with data analysis system Module, driving and controlling circuits module, hard disk, network interface card, video card, display, on the left of tobacco electronic nose instrument；
The flue gas sampling cycle of one tobacco and tobacco product sample is 5 minutes；The difference for the gas type that foundation flows through, Gas sensor array recovers (210 seconds), pure air Accurate Calibration (40 seconds), balance (2 seconds), second mouthful of flue gas after preliminary Aspirate (2 seconds), surrounding air rinses (46 seconds) totally 6 stages；
During flue gas sampling, under the control of the computer, the ignition coil level of automatic ignition device is moved to the left 9 millimeters, with 380 DEG C of temperature lighting cigarette sample；The minipump of flue gas automatic sample handling system with 17.5 milliliters/seconds be 1050 milliliters/ The flow of minute aspirates second mouthful of flue gas, passes through gas sensor array annular working chamber, skims over gas sensor sensitivity Film surface, continue 2 seconds, therefore gas sensor array produces sensitive response；From the quarter that self-balancing state starts, computer control With data analysis system start recording response data；Record balance (2 seconds), second mouthful of flue gas suction (2 seconds), surrounding air successively The gas sensor array voltage responsive data in (first 36 seconds) this 3 stages of flushing, total duration 40 seconds；The flue gas sampling cycle is other The data of time do not record；
Within the data record time of 40 seconds, single gas sensor to the voltage response curves stable state of second mouthful of flue gas most Big value is extracted as characteristic component, therefore the array of 16 gas sensor compositions produces one 16 dimension voltage responsive vector； Data record terminate after 10 seconds in, computer control with data analysis system according to this response vector to tobacco and tobacco system Product sample carries out brand, the place of production, true and false identification and fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression totally 5 aesthetic quality's index scores Prediction.
Cigarette clamper axial line is 0 °~+5 ° with horizontal plane angle；Before automatic ignition, operating personnel try cigarette Sample stub inserts cigarette clamper, and insertion depth is 9 ± 0.5mm, 15 seconds insertion operation used times；After second mouthful of flue gas suction terminates 15 seconds in, operating personnel take out the cigarette stub of residual from cigarette clamper, extinguish and discard.
Ignition coil the operating voltage 24V, electric current 5A of automatic ignition device；Ignition head axial line, dynamic iron core axial line, electricity Magnetic coil axial line, compression spring axial line and cigarette clamper axial line are located in same horizontal line；Under the control of the computer, Before the suction of first flue gas from the 5th second, ignition coil is powered, and 380 DEG C were warming up in 5 seconds；At the same time, electromagnetism Coil blackout, under compression spring effect, ignition coil on ignition head is fixed on dynamic iron core from reference position horizontal left 9 Millimeter, lighting cigarette sample；After suction first flue gas 1 second, ignition coil power-off, magnet coil is powered, in electromagnetic wire Enclose in the presence of electromagnetic force, ignition coil disengages with the cigarette sample being ignited, and is returned to reference position.
Under minipump swabbing action, first flue gas with 17.5 milliliters/seconds be 1050 ml/mins flow it is straight Connect and be directly discharged to outdoor through the second two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, completely without gas sensor Array annular working chamber, continue 2 seconds, 35 milliliters of drawing smoke；Next, the cigarette sample the moon being ignited/spontaneous combustion 20 seconds.
Under the swabbing action of minipump, second mouthful of flue gas is the flow of 1050 ml/mins with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, Flowmeter, outdoor is finally discharged to, continues 2 seconds, gather 35 milliliters of flue gas.
Pure air Accurate Calibration process and cigarette insertion, automatic ignition, the suction of first flue gas, the moon/spontaneous combustion process are same Shi Jinhang, last 40 seconds；In the pure air Accurate Calibration stage, pure air is flowed through successively with the flow of 17.5 milliliters/seconds Second throttle, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, most After be discharged to outdoor；Operation is carried out simultaneously successively with this below：First, operating personnel inserted tested cigarette sample in 15 seconds Enter cigarette clamper；Then, the ignition coil of automatic ignition device is powered, and moves to left 9 millimeters and cigarette sample contacts, and at 5 seconds 380 DEG C are warming up in clock；Followed by when a length of 2 seconds first flue gas aspirate；It is finally the cigarette sample the moon/spontaneous combustion of 18 seconds Process.
Flow terminates for second mouthful of flue gas aspiration procedure one of 1050 ml/mins, and flow is the ring of 6500 ml/mins Border air douche process just starts immediately；Surrounding air flows successively through the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array ring Shape working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, are ultimately drained into outdoor, continue 15 seconds；In this phase Between, operating personnel take out residual cigarette stub and abandoned；Then, surrounding air is flowed successively through with the flow of 6500 ml/mins First two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th bi-bit bi-pass electricity Magnet valve, outdoor is ultimately drained into, continues 31 seconds；So far, a detection cycle of cigarette sample terminates；If it is intended to detect next examination Sample, computer automatically begin to new detection cycle, are transferred to preliminary recovery process automatically；Otherwise, operating personnel click on screen drop-down " detection of end " button of menu forces detection of end process.
Detection, identification and aesthetic quality index score prediction of the tobacco electronic nose instrument to cigarette sample, including following step Suddenly：
(1) start shooting：Instrument preheats 30 minutes, and surrounding air flows through the one or two successively with the flow of 6500 ml/mins Two-way electromagnetic valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, most Outdoor is discharged to eventually；Gas sensor array constant temperature indoor temperature reaches constant 55 ± 0.1 DEG C from room temperature.
(2) the flue gas sampling cycle starts：Operating personnel click on " starting to detect " button of screen drop-down menu, and instrument enters The flue gas sampling cycle of 5 minutes is lasted, computer automatically generates the text of one entitled " xxx " in specified folder, with Record response data of the gas sensor array to flue gas.
(3) it is preliminary to recover：In the 0.00-210.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, surrounding air is with the stream of 6500 ml/mins Amount flows through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th successively Two-position two-way solenoid valve, it is ultimately drained into outdoor.In the case where flow is the surrounding air flushing action of 6500 ml/mins, adhesion Tentatively washed away in the flue gas scent molecule of gas sensor sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct, gas sensor array is tentatively extensive Normal condition is arrived again, lasts 210 seconds.
(4) pure air Accurate Calibration：In the 210.00-250.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, (a) pure air is accurately marked Fixed and (b) cigarette insertion, automatic ignition, first flue gas are aspirated, the moon/spontaneous combustion the two links are carried out simultaneously, last 40 seconds.
(4) a pure airs Accurate Calibration：Pure air is flowed successively with the flow that 17.5 milliliters/seconds are 1050 ml/mins Second throttle, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve are crossed, Interior is finally discharged to, lasts 40 seconds.The effect of pure air is to make gas sensor array Exact recovery to normal condition.
(4) b.1 cigarette inserts：It is pure air Accurate Calibration state in the 210.00-225.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle Initial 15 seconds in, screen display " cigarette insertion " printed words, operating personnel by tested cigarette sample filter end insertion cigarette clamp Device, insertion depth are 9.0 ± 0.5 millimeters.
(4) b.2 automatic ignition：It is pure air Accurate Calibration state in the 225.00-231.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle 15.00-21.00 seconds, ignition coil are powered；At the same time, ignition head, which is moved to the left 9 millimeters, makes ignition coil and tested sample Contact and light sample, continue 6 seconds.In the 231.00-269.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, magnet coil is powered, ignition coil Power off and be returned to reference position, last 38 seconds, including latter 1 second (the 2nd second) of the suction of first flue gas, 18 seconds of the moon/spontaneous combustion, 2 seconds of balance, 2 seconds of second mouthful of flue gas suction, residual stub took out 15 seconds of operation.
(4) b.3 first flue gas aspirates：It is that pure air is accurately marked in the 230.00-232.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle Determine the state 20.00-22.00 seconds, under minipump swabbing action, flue gas is 1050 ml/mins with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Flow, successively via the second two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, be directly discharged to outdoor, continue 2 seconds.
(4) b.4 the moon/spontaneous combustion：It is pure air Accurate Calibration state in the 232.00-250.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle 22.00-40.00 seconds, the second two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, and cigarette enters the moon/spontaneous combustion state, lasts 18 seconds.
(5) balance：In the 250.00-252.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, all magnetic valves are in off-state, air-sensitive Sensor array annular working intracavitary flows without gas, and cigarette lasts 2 seconds still in the moon/spontaneous combustion state.
(6) second mouthfuls of flue gas suctions：In the 252.00-254.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve Turned on the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, remaining four two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnects, and cigarette smoke is with 17.5 milliliters/seconds The flow of 1050 ml/mins, pass sequentially through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th Two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, are finally discharged to outdoor, continue 2 seconds, gather 35 milliliters of flue gas.
(7) surrounding air rinses：In the 254.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, room air is with 6500 ml/mins The flow of clock flows through gas sensor array annular working chamber, is adhered to the cigarette of gas sensor sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct Gas scent molecule is tentatively washed away, and gas sensor array enters preliminary recovery state.Wherein,
(7.1) remain stub and take out operation：In the 254.00-269.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, operating personnel were at 15 seconds Residual stub is taken out in clock and is abandoned.During this period, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the five or two Position two-way electromagnetic valve conducting, its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, and indoor air is with the stream of 6500 ml/mins Amount, pass sequentially through the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the Four two-position two-way solenoid valves, are ultimately drained into outdoor, last 15 seconds.
(7.2) after remaining stub taking-up：In the 269.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, the first bi-bit bi-pass electromagnetism Valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the conducting of the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, ring Border air flows through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working successively with the flow of 6500 ml/mins Chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, are ultimately drained into outdoor, last 31 seconds.The electricity in this stage It is identical that magnet valve position and surrounding air flow condition tentatively recover state with gas sensor array.
(8) data record；From the 250.00th second flue gas sampling cycle, computer passed through 16 passage, 16 high accuracy datas Voltage responsive caused by 16 gas sensors is stored in " xxx " text by capture card, i.e., since poised state it Carve, until the 290.00th second flue gas sampling cycle was surrounding air rinse stage the 36.00th second only, including second mouthful of flue gas is taken out Inhale, this 3 processes after residual stub takes out operation, residual stub takes out, a length of 40 seconds during data record；
(9) feature extraction；Within a flue gas sampling cycle, computer is from 40 seconds " xxx " document data record of duration In, each gas sensor voltage responsive stable state maximum is extracted as characteristic component, is substantially the sound to second mouthful of flue gas Should, therefore tested tobacco product sample is converted into the measurement sample of one 16 dimension, and be stored in the tobacco of hard disc of computer with In tobacco product sample data set file；
(10) identification and the prediction of aesthetic quality's index score；It is data in the 290.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle In 10 seconds of record end ,-n ballot identification groups of the modular neural network cascade model first order are according to most of voting rules Sample x brand, the place of production are determined with true and false, the modular neural network cascade model second level-ballot identification group is corresponding with winning That score prediction group prediction x fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression aesthetic quality's index score value, and by aobvious Show that device is shown；
Repeat step (2)~(10), tobacco electronic nose instrument realize the survey to multiple tobaccos and tobacco product sample flue gas Examination, identification and the prediction of aesthetic quality's index score；One complete tobacco is 300 seconds with the tobacco product sample testing cycle.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronic nose Instrument fundamental diagram (second mouthful of flue gas aspiration phases).
Fig. 2 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronic nose Instrument fundamental diagram (second mouthful of flue gas aspiration phases)-main parts size numbering figure.
Fig. 3 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (pure air Accurate Calibration, cigarette sample automatic ignition and the suction of first flue gas).
Fig. 4 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (second mouthful of flue gas aspiration phases).
Fig. 5 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (pure air Accurate Calibration, sample insertion and the moon/spontaneous combustion state).
Fig. 6 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (surrounding air rinses, and residual stub takes out).
Fig. 7 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (gas sensor tentatively recovers).
Fig. 8 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-magnetic valve and gas Road on off operating mode schematic diagram (pure air Accurate Calibration, standby).
Fig. 9 is-one sampling week of a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method In phase, single gas sensor response and gas sensor array annular working intracavitary gas flow and duration situation of change Schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-automatic ignition Schematic device (magnet coil off-position).
Figure 11 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-automatic ignition Schematic device (magnet coil "on" position).
Figure 12 is-one sampling of a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method In cycle, 6 two-position two-way solenoid valves, ignition coil, magnet coil break-make and duration schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics Nose instrument stereoscopic schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics Nose instrument front.
Figure 15 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics The nose instrument back side.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronic nose Instrument fundamental diagram, gas circuit and the position of magnetic valve now are second mouthful of flue gas suction operation state.Tobacco electronic nose instrument Device includes gas sensor array module I, flue gas automatic sample handling system II, computer and controlled with data analysis system III, automatically Igniter IV and tested cigarette sample V.
Fig. 2 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronic nose Instrument fundamental diagram-main parts size numbering figure.
The main component units of gas sensor array module I include：Gas sensor array I-1, gas sensor array Annular working chamber I-2, heat-insulation layer I-3 and resistance heating wire and fan, positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument upper right quarter.Wherein, gas Dependent sensor array is mainly made up of serial 16 gas sensors of TGS800 and TGS2000, available model include TGS800, TGS813、TGS816、TGS821、TGS822、TGS823、TGS826、TGS830、TGS832、TGS2600、TGS2602、 TGS2603, TGS2610, TGS2611, TGS2612, TGS2620, and TGS3830.The effect of gas sensor array module I It is the analog voltage signal that the cigarette smoke of complicated ingredient is converted into 0~10V.
Flue gas automatic sample handling system II component units include：First two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1, the second bi-bit bi-pass electricity Magnet valve II-2, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II- 5, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-6, cigarette clamper (being commonly called as cigarette holder) II-7, minipump II-8, first throttle valve II-9, flowmeter II-10, second throttle II-11, pure air II-12, ashtray II-13, and overflow flue gas discharge dress Put II-14.Flue gas automatic sample handling system II is located at tobacco electronic nose instrument right lower quadrant.
It is computer motherboard III-1 that computer, which is controlled with the main component units of data analysis system III, 16 circuit-switched datas gather Block III-2, driving and control module III-3, multi-channel DC voltage module III-4, display III-5, and hard disk, network interface card, Video card, mouse, keyboard etc., positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument left part.Computer controls the main function with data analysis system III It is the collection, analysis and processing of (1) gas sensor array response signal；(2) multiple two of flue gas automatic sample handling system II Two-way electromagnetic valve and minipump, automatic ignition device IV and computer control and data analysis system III itself driving With control.
Fig. 3 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-pure air essence When really demarcation is aspirated with cigarette sample automatic ignition and first flue gas, magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.At this Under state, tobacco electronic nose instrument will complete tested cigarette sample V igniting, flue gas automatic sample handling system II first flue gas Suction, gas sensor array I pure air Accurate Calibration these action.
Cigarette sample V automatic ignitions and flue gas automatic sample handling system II suction first smoke behavior, the two or two two Three-way electromagnetic valve II-2 is turned on, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4 and the 5th bi-bit bi-pass Electromagnetic valve II -5 disconnects.In automatic ignition state, automatic ignition device IV ignition coil IV-1 is powered, and magnet coil IV-4 breaks Electricity, valve element IV-3 levels in the presence of compression spring IV-6 are moved to the left 9 millimeters so that ignition coil IV-1 and tested cigarette Sample V is contacted, 5 seconds duration；Then, gas sensor is not passed through completely in first flue gas aspiration phases, cigarette smoke Array module I, but under minipump II-8 swabbing action, via the second two-position two-way solenoid valve II-2, first segment Valve II-9, flowmeter II-10 are flowed, outdoor is directly discharged to the flow that 17.5 milliliters/seconds are 1050 ml/mins, continues 2 Second, equivalent to 35 milliliters of drawing smoke.
While cigarette sample V automatic ignitions and flue gas automatic sample handling system II suction first cigarettes, gas sensor Array I-1 is in pure air Accurate Calibration state, and two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3 and II-6 conducting, pure air is with 1050 millis Liter/min flow flow successively through second throttle II-11, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-6, gas sensor array ring Shape working chamber I-2, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, are finally discharged in room atmosphere.This is also that pure air is accurately marked In fixed 2nd stage, continue 7 seconds.
Fig. 4 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-second mouthful of suction During flue gas, magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.In this state, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1 and the five or two Two-way electromagnetic valve II-5 is turned on, and remaining four two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnects, and cigarette smoke is 1050 millis with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Liter/min flow, pass sequentially through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1, gas sensor array I-1 and its annular working chamber I-2, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5, first throttle valve II-9, flowmeter II-10, are finally discharged to outdoor, continue 2 Second, equivalent to 35 milliliters of flue gas of collection.
At this moment, automatic ignition device IV ignition coil IV-1 power-off, magnet coil IV-4 are powered and force valve element IV-3 Level moves right 9 millimeters so that ignition coil IV-1 disengages with tested cigarette sample V.
In second mouthful of cigarette smoke flow process, gas sensor array I-1 produces sensitive response.It is specific to one Tobacco and tobacco product sample p, single gas sensor i voltage response curves stable state maximum Upi(max) it is extracted as Characteristic component xpi', i.e. xpi'=Upi(max), therefore the array I-1 of 16 gas sensor compositions produces the voltage of one 16 dimension Response vector xp'=(xp1', xp2' ..., xpi' ..., xp16′)T∈R16.This 16 dimension voltage responsive stable state maximum to Amount, which is tobacco electronic nose instrument, tobacco and tobacco product to be identified and the foundation of aesthetic quality's metrics evaluation.
Fig. 5 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-cigarette sample V Insert cigarette clamper II-7 and the moon/spontaneous combustion state, magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.This stage, the three or two Two-way electromagnetic valve II-3 and the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-6 conductings, remaining four two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect.Cigarette Insertion is manual operation, timing 15 seconds；Cigarette the moon/18+2 seconds spontaneous combustion duration, it can adjust.Here "+2 " second refers to putting down Weigh the time.
During this period, gas sensor array I-1 is in pure air Accurate Calibration state, two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3 Turned on II-6, pure air flows successively through second throttle II-11, the 6th bi-bit bi-pass with the flow of 1050 ml/mins Electromagnetic valve II -6, gas sensor array I-1 and its annular working chamber I-2, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, are finally discharged Into room atmosphere.This stage is referred to as the stage of pure air Accurate Calibration the 1st, continues the 15+18=33 seconds.This process with Fig. 2 cigarette sample V igniting and flue gas automatic sample handling system II suction first cigarettes process are together so that pure air is accurately marked State total duration is determined for 40 seconds.
Fig. 6 is that a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco take with tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-residual stub During going out, magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.In this stage, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, the four or two Two-way electromagnetic valve II-4 and the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5 conductings, its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, indoor Surrounding air passes sequentially through the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, gas sensor array I- with the flow of 6500 ml/mins 1 and its annular working chamber I-2, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4, are ultimately drained into room In outer air.The handling time length for taking out residual stub is 15 seconds (adjustable).This stage is that surrounding air rinses the In one stage, the part that gas sensor array I-1 tentatively recovers state can be seen as.
Fig. 7 is that a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco take with tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-residual stub After going out, magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.In this stage, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1, the four or two two Three-way electromagnetic valve II-4 and the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5 conductings, its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect.Indoor ring Border air passes sequentially through cigarette clamper II-7, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1, gas with the flow of 6500 ml/mins Dependent sensor array I-1 and its annular working chamber I-2, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve II- 4, it is ultimately drained into outside atmosphere.
This stage is the second stage that surrounding air rinses, and lasts 31 seconds, can still be seen as gas sensor array I-1 tentatively recovers another part of state.Surrounding air, which rinses this stage one, to be terminated, and the new flue gas sampling cycle just opens automatically Begin, or operating personnel click on " detection of end " button of screen drop-down menu, detection process artificially terminates.
During the tobacco electronic nose instrument flue gas sampling that the cycle is 300 seconds with analysis, surrounding air rinses and air-sensitive It is the 300-44=256 seconds that sensor array I-1 tentatively recovers the two length total times in stage, it is intended that (1) surrounding air Gas sensor sensitive membrane surface, gas are attached on during rinsing out second mouthful of cigarette suction with the larger flow of 6500 ml/mins Flue gas molecule on dependent sensor annular working chamber I-2 inwalls and pipeline；(2) heat gathered during gas sensor work is taken away Amount, makes gas sensor tentatively return to original state.
Fig. 8 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-pure air essence Really demarcation state (standby), tobacco electronic nose instrument magnetic valve and gas path on-off view.When the pure air essence of 40 seconds True calibration process, when gas sensor array I-1 fails to return to normal condition, this state will be activated.
Fig. 9 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-in a flue gas In sampling period, tobacco and the single gas sensor voltage responsive situation of change and gas sensor array I- of electronic nose instrument Gas flow and duration situation of change schematic diagram in annular working chamber I-2 residing for 1.Within a flue gas sampling cycle, Gas flow experienced three kinds of 6500 ml/mins, 1050 ml/mins and 0 (balance) changes；Gas type experienced environment Air preliminary flushing, pure air Accurate Calibration and cigarette smoke sample three kinds of changes.In the state of the equilibrium, all 6 two Two-way electromagnetic valve disconnects, and is flowed in gas sensor array I-1 and its annular working chamber I-2 without gas.
The one cigarette sample V flue gas sampling cycle is 300 seconds.Since the quarter poised state, i.e., flue gas sampling is all The 250th second phase started, computer control and data analysis system III record gas sensor array transient voltage response data, A length of 40 seconds during record, including 36 seconds before equilibrium stage 2 seconds, second mouthful of 2 seconds flue gas sampling stages, surrounding air rinse stage, Voltage responsives of the gas sensor array I-1 to cigarette smoke is that sampled data is stored in a text.Remember in data Record in 40 seconds length, voltage responsive stable state maximums of the gas sensor i to cigarette sample p flue gas is extracted as feature point Measure xpi', thus obtain response of the gas sensor array to p-th of cigarette sample, second mouthful of flue gas, referred to as voltage responsive sample This xp′∈R16.In 10 seconds after data record terminates, computer control is with data analysis system III according to sample xp' give Go out point prediction results such as 5 organoleptic indicators such as sample p brand recognition result and fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression.
Why cigarette smoke sampling flow is set to 17.5 milliliters/seconds i.e. 1050 ml/mins and sampling duration is set to 2 SecondA large amount of statistical results point out that people takes a pull at flue gas volume as 35 milliliters, average duration 2 seconds.National standard《Conventional analysis is used Smoking machine-definition and standard conditions》GB/T 16450-2004 provide that cigarette smoke standard aspiration capacity is 35 milliliters, and flow is 17.5 milliliters/seconds, the single port puff duration of standard is 2.00 ± 0.02 seconds.The cigarette smoke sampling flow of the present invention, hold Product and duration are consistent with national standard GB/T 16450.For the sake of unification, pure air flow is still defined as 1050 ml/mins Clock.
Figure 10 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-automatic ignition Device IV component units schematic diagram (when magnet coil IV-4 is powered off).Before automatic ignition device IV is located at the tobacco electronic nose instrument right side Lower section, component units include：Ignition coil IV-1, ignition head IV-2, dynamic iron core IV-3, magnet coil IV-4, magnetic conduction brandreth IV- 5th, compression spring IV-6, spring base IV-7, cable I V-8, bearing IV-9.Ignition coil IV-1 and magnet coil IV-4 work electricity Press as direct current 24V, ignition coil maximum operating currenbt 5A.Start within the 5th second before first cigarette is aspirated, ignition coil IV-1 leads to Electricity, and 380 DEG C were warming up in 5 seconds, now magnet coil IV-4 is powered.At the same time, magnet coil IV-4 is powered off, and is being pressed In the presence of contracting spring IV-6, the ignition coil IV-1 and ignition head IV-2 being fixed on dynamic iron core IV-3 are horizontal from reference position 9 millimeters are moved to the left, contacts and lights with tested cigarette sample V cigarette end.
Figure 11 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-automatic ignition Device IV component units schematic diagram (when magnet coil IV-4 is powered).In this state, magnet coil IV-4 is powered, ignition coil IV-1 is powered off.In the presence of magnet coil IV-4 electromagnetic forces, compression spring IV-6 is compressed 9 millimeters, is fixed on dynamic iron core IV- Ignition coil IV-1 and ignition head IV-2 on 3 are returned to reference position, are taken out for the tested cigarette sample of artificial insertion with artificial Residual stub is prepared.
It must be noted that as long as cigarette sample V is not inserted into cigarette clamper II-7, ignition coil IV-1 and magnet coil IV-4 is just constantly in off-position, and in the presence of compression spring IV-6, ignition coil IV-1 and ignition head IV-2 are in The position that 9 millimeters of reference position horizontal left.Within a flue gas sampling cycle, the period that magnet coil IV-4 is powered is： Cigarette sample V is manually inserted into lasting 15 seconds of cigarette clamper II-7；Aspirate latter 1 second (the 2nd second) of first flue gas；Cigarette Lasting 18 seconds of sample V the moon/spontaneous combustion；2 seconds of poised state；Aspirate second mouthful of flue gas 2 seconds；Take out residual stub 15 seconds, Totally 53 seconds.Continue 6 seconds altogether within first 1 second during cigarette sample V igniting and flue gas automatic sample handling system II suction first cigarettes In time, ignition coil IV-1 is powered, and remaining time powers off.
Figure 12 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality-one flue gas of detection method In sampling period, 6 two-position two-way solenoid valves, ignition coil IV-1 and magnet coil IV-4 break-make relation schematic diagrams.
Figure 12 (a) shows, two-position two-way solenoid valve II-1 in addition to it must be turned on during 2 seconds that second mouthful of flue gas aspirates, Also it is switched on initial 210 seconds and last 31 seconds the two periods, is easy to surrounding air to rinse cigarette with longer time Clamper II-7, gas sensor array sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct flue gas molecule.
Figure 12 (b) and (f) illustrate that two-position two-way solenoid valve II-2 only controls the suction of first flue gas, bi-bit bi-pass electricity Magnet valve II-6 only controls the through and off of pure air, and the effect of the two is more single.
According to Figure 12 (c), two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3 took out 40 seconds of pure air Accurate Calibration and second mouthful of flue gas It is conducting to inhale 15 seconds the two stages after terminating, but gas flow direction and flow are different.The 40 of previous stage Second during, flow for 1050 ml/mins pure air after gas sensor array annular working chamber I-2 is flowed through, via Two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3, is discharged in room atmosphere.During 15 seconds of the latter half, flow is 6500 ml/mins The indoor air of clock first flows into gas sensor array annular working chamber I-2, Ran Houjing from two-position two-way solenoid valve II-3 Outdoor is discharged to by two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5 and two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4.
Figure 12 (d) shows that two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4 is in pure air Accurate Calibration, balance, second mouthful of flue gas suction These three stages are to disconnect, so as to force first flue gas, second mouthful of flue gas to cross throttling with the traffic flow of 1050 ml/mins Valve II-9.Two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4 major controls gas flow is in 6500 ml/mins and the anaplasia of 1050 ml/mins Change.
Compare Figure 12 (e) and Figure 12 (d), two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5 and two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4 is simply second The state of mouth cigarette suction stage is inconsistent.During this period, two-position two-way solenoid valve II-5 is turned on, and two-position two-way solenoid valve II-4 breaks Open, so as to force second mouthful of flue gas to cross choke valve II-9 with the traffic flow of 1050 ml/mins.
Figure 12 (g) points out that ignition coil IV-1 is the 1st second during being aspirated before ignition with first flue gas within 5 seconds common It is powered during continuous 6 seconds, remaining time disconnects.
Figure 12 (h) shows, magnet coil IV-4 15 seconds during cigarette inserts, the 2nd second of the suction of first flue gas, 18 seconds of the moon/spontaneous combustion, 2 seconds of balance, 2 seconds of second mouthful of flue gas suction, residual stub take out during 15 seconds, totally 53 second time It is powered, remaining time disconnects.
Figure 13 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics Nose instrument schematic perspective view.Thus figure can see, and gas sensor array module I is located at tobacco electronic nose upper right quarter；Calculate Machine controls is located at tobacco electronic nose left part with data analysis system III；Flue gas automatic sample handling system II and automatic ignition device IV Positioned at tobacco electronic nose right lower quadrant.
Figure 14 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics Nose instrument front schematic view.It is outside it can be appreciated that computer control and data analysis system III display according to this figure Device III-5；Flue gas automatic sample handling system II cigarette clamper II-7, flue gas overflow device II-14 ventilating fan, automatic ignition Device IV ignition head IV-2, and tested cigarette sample V.
Figure 15 is a kind of present invention-electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality detection method-tobacco electronics Nose instrument schematic rear view.Electronic nose instrument equipped with external-connection displayer interface, 2 USB interfaces, mouse interface, keyboard interface, Internet interfaces；Equipped with surrounding air and pure air entrance；From the exhanst gas outlet of flue gas automatic sample handling system II discharges；With And the flue gas being expelled directly out from flue gas discharger II-14.User convenient can patch the external equipment of oneself, carry out data transmission With exchanging.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of electronic nose instrument and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, tobacco electronic nose instrument Filled including gas sensor array module, flue gas automatic sample handling system, computer control and data analysis system, automatic ignition Put, realize tobacco and tobacco product identification and the prediction of aesthetic quality's index score；
Described gas sensor array module is by 16 SnO2Semi-conductor type gas sensor forms, and is distributed in central diameter φ 140mm, cross dimensions 20mm × 16mm annular seal space in, formed gas sensor array annular working chamber；The annular working chamber In 55 ± 0.1 DEG C of thermostatic chamber, positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument upper right side；
Described flue gas automatic sample handling system includes the totally 6 bi-bit bi-pass electricity of cigarette clamper, minipump, first to the 6th Magnet valve, first and second totally 2 choke valves, flowmeter, gas pipeline, overflow flue gas discharger, positioned at tobacco electronic nose instrument Device lower right；
Described automatic ignition device include ignition coil, ignition head, dynamic iron core, magnet coil, magnetic conduction brandreth, compression spring, Spring base, cable, bearing, positioned at the right front lower place of tobacco electronic nose instrument；
Described computer control includes computer motherboard, data collecting card, precision linear and switch electricity with data analysis system Source module, driving and controlling circuits module, hard disk, network interface card, video card, display, on the left of tobacco electronic nose instrument；
The flue gas sampling cycle of one tobacco and tobacco product sample is 5 minutes；According to the difference of the gas type flowed through, air-sensitive Sensor array recovers (210 seconds), pure air Accurate Calibration (40 seconds), balance (2 seconds), second mouthful of flue gas suction after preliminary (2 seconds), surrounding air rinse (46 seconds) totally 6 stages；
During flue gas sampling, under the control of the computer, the ignition coil level of automatic ignition device is moved to the left 9 millimeters, with 380 DEG C Temperature lighting cigarette sample；The minipump of flue gas automatic sample handling system is 1050 ml/mins with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Flow aspirates second mouthful of flue gas, passes through gas sensor array annular working chamber, skims over gas sensor sensitive membrane surface, Continue 2 seconds, therefore gas sensor array produces sensitive response；From the quarter that self-balancing state starts, computer control and data Analysis system start recording response data；Record balance (2 seconds), second mouthful of flue gas suction (2 seconds), surrounding air rinse successively The gas sensor array voltage responsive data in (first 36 seconds) this 3 stages, total duration 40 seconds；Other time in flue gas sampling cycle Data do not record；
Within the data record time of 40 seconds, voltage response curves stable state maximum of the single gas sensor to second mouthful of flue gas Characteristic component is extracted as, therefore the array of 16 gas sensor compositions produces one 16 dimension voltage responsive vector；In data In 10 seconds after record end, computer control is tried tobacco and tobacco product with data analysis system according to this response vector Sample carries out brand, the place of production, true and false identification and fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, excitant, pleasant impression, and totally 5 aesthetic quality's index scores are pre- Survey.
2. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Cigarette clamper axial line is 0 °~+5 ° with horizontal plane angle；Before automatic ignition, operating personnel insert cigarette sample stub Enter cigarette clamper, insertion depth is 9 ± 0.5mm, 15 seconds insertion operation used times；Second mouthful of flue gas aspirates 15 seconds after terminating Interior, operating personnel take out the cigarette stub of residual from cigarette clamper, extinguish and discard.
3. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Ignition coil the operating voltage 24V, electric current 5A of automatic ignition device；Ignition head axial line, dynamic iron core axial line, solenoid shaft Heart line, compression spring axial line and cigarette clamper axial line are located in same horizontal line；Under the control of the computer, in first Before flue gas suction from the 5th second, ignition coil is powered, and 380 DEG C were warming up in 5 seconds；At the same time, magnet coil breaks Electricity, under compression spring effect, ignition coil on ignition head is fixed on dynamic iron core from 9 millimeters of reference position horizontal left, Lighting cigarette sample；After suction first flue gas 1 second, ignition coil power-off, magnet coil is powered, in magnet coil electromagnetism In the presence of power, ignition coil disengages with the cigarette sample being ignited, and is returned to reference position.
4. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Under minipump swabbing action, first flue gas is the flow of 1050 ml/mins directly through second with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter are directly discharged to outdoor, completely without gas sensor array annular Working chamber, continue 2 seconds, 35 milliliters of drawing smoke；Next, the cigarette sample the moon being ignited/spontaneous combustion 20 seconds.
5. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Under the swabbing action of minipump, second mouthful of flue gas is the flow of 1050 ml/mins through the one or two with 17.5 milliliters/seconds Position two-way electromagnetic valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, most After be discharged to outdoor, continue 2 seconds, gather 35 milliliters of flue gas.
6. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Pure air Accurate Calibration process is carried out simultaneously with cigarette insertion, automatic ignition, the suction of first flue gas, the moon/spontaneous combustion process, Last 40 seconds；In the pure air Accurate Calibration stage, pure air flows through the second throttling successively with the flow of 17.5 milliliters/seconds Valve, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, are finally discharged to It is outdoor；Operation is carried out simultaneously successively with this below：First, operating personnel pressed from both sides tested cigarette sample insertion cigarette in 15 seconds Holder；Then, the ignition coil of automatic ignition device is powered, and moves to left 9 millimeters and cigarette sample contacts, and heated up in 5 seconds To 380 DEG C；Followed by when a length of 2 seconds first flue gas aspirate；It is finally the cigarette sample the moon/spontaneous combustion process of 18 seconds.
7. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Flow terminates for second mouthful of flue gas aspiration procedure one of 1050 ml/mins, and flow rushes for the surrounding air of 6500 ml/mins Washed journey just starts immediately；Surrounding air flow successively through the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, are ultimately drained into outdoor, continue 15 seconds；During this period, operator Member takes out residual cigarette stub and abandoned；Then, surrounding air flows successively through the one or two two with the flow of 6500 ml/mins Three-way electromagnetic valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, finally Outdoor is discharged to, continues 31 seconds；So far, a detection cycle of cigarette sample terminates；If it is intended to detect next sample, computer New detection cycle is automatically begun to, is transferred to preliminary recovery process automatically；Otherwise, operating personnel click on the " knot of screen drop-down menu Beam detects " button pressure detection of end process.
8. electronic nose instrument according to claim 1 and tobacco and tobacco product aesthetic quality's detection method, it is characterized in that, Detection, identification and aesthetic quality index score prediction of the tobacco electronic nose instrument to cigarette sample, comprise the following steps：
(1) start shooting：Instrument preheats 30 minutes, and surrounding air flows through the first bi-bit bi-pass successively with the flow of 6500 ml/mins Magnetic valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, final row Go out to outdoor；Gas sensor array constant temperature indoor temperature reaches constant 55 ± 0.1 DEG C from room temperature；
(2) the flue gas sampling cycle starts：Operating personnel click on " starting to detect " button of screen drop-down menu, and instrument, which enters, to last The flue gas sampling cycle of 5 minutes, computer automatically generate the text of one entitled " xxx " in specified folder, with record Response data of the gas sensor array to flue gas；
(3) it is preliminary to recover：In the 0.00-210.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, surrounding air with the flow of 6500 ml/mins according to It is secondary flow through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the four or two Two-way electromagnetic valve, it is ultimately drained into outdoor；In the case where flow is the surrounding air flushing action of 6500 ml/mins, gas is adhered to The flue gas scent molecule of dependent sensor sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct is tentatively washed away, and gas sensor array tentatively returns to Normal condition, last 210 seconds；
(4) pure air Accurate Calibration：In the 210.00-250.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, (a) pure air Accurate Calibration and (b) cigarette insertion, automatic ignition, the suction of first flue gas, the moon/spontaneous combustion the two links are carried out simultaneously, last 40 seconds：
(4) a pure airs Accurate Calibration：Pure air flows successively through with the flow that 17.5 milliliters/seconds are 1050 ml/mins Two choke valves, the 6th two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, finally Interior is discharged to, lasts 40 seconds；Pure air makes gas sensor array Exact recovery to normal condition；
(4) b.1 cigarette inserts：Be in the 210.00-225.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle pure air Accurate Calibration state most In first 15 seconds, tested cigarette sample filter end is inserted cigarette clamper by screen display " cigarette insertion " printed words, operating personnel, is inserted Enter depth for 9.0 ± 0.5 millimeters；
(4) b.2 automatic ignition：It is pure air Accurate Calibration state in the 225.00-231.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle 15.00-21.00 seconds, ignition coil are powered；At the same time, ignition head, which is moved to the left 9 millimeters, makes ignition coil be connect with tested sample Touch and light sample, continue 6 seconds；In the 231.00-269.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, magnet coil is powered, and ignition coil breaks Electricity is simultaneously returned to reference position, lasts 38 seconds, including latter 1 second (the 2nd second) of the suction of first flue gas, 18 seconds of the moon/spontaneous combustion, it is flat 2 seconds of weighing apparatus, 2 seconds of second mouthful of flue gas suction, residual stub took out 15 seconds of operation；
(4) b.3 first flue gas aspirates：It is pure air Accurate Calibration shape in the 230.00-232.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle The state 20.00-22.00 seconds, under minipump swabbing action, flue gas is with stream that 17.5 milliliters/seconds are 1050 ml/mins Amount, successively via the second two-position two-way solenoid valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, is directly discharged to outdoor, continues 2 seconds；
(4) b.4 the moon/spontaneous combustion：It is pure air Accurate Calibration state in the 232.00-250.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle 22.00-40.00 seconds, the second two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, and cigarette enters the moon/spontaneous combustion state, lasts 18 seconds；
(5) balance：In the 250.00-252.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, all magnetic valves are in off-state, gas sensing Device array annular working intracavitary flows without gas, and cigarette lasts 2 seconds still in the moon/spontaneous combustion state；
(6) second mouthfuls of flue gas suctions：In the 252.00-254.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve and Five two-position two-way solenoid valves turn on, and remaining four two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnects, and cigarette smoke is 1050 with 17.5 milliliters/seconds The flow of ml/min, pass sequentially through the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the five or two Two-way electromagnetic valve, first throttle valve, flowmeter, are finally discharged to outdoor, continue 2 seconds, gather 35 milliliters of flue gas；
(7) surrounding air rinses：In the 254.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, room air is with 6500 ml/mins Flow flows through gas sensor array annular working chamber, is adhered to the flue gas gas of gas sensor sensitive membrane surface and inner-walls of duct Taste molecule is tentatively washed away, and gas sensor array enters preliminary recovery state；Wherein,
(7.1) remain stub and take out operation：In the 254.00-269.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, operating personnel are in 15 seconds Take out residual stub and abandon；During this period, the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the five or two two Three-way electromagnetic valve turns on, and its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnects, indoor air with the flow of 6500 ml/mins, Pass sequentially through the 3rd two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, the four or two Position two-way electromagnetic valve, is ultimately drained into outdoor, lasts 15 seconds；
(7.2) after remaining stub taking-up：In the 269.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle, the first two-position two-way solenoid valve, Four two-position two-way solenoid valves, the conducting of the 5th two-position two-way solenoid valve, its excess-three two-position two-way solenoid valve disconnect, surrounding air First two-position two-way solenoid valve, gas sensor array annular working chamber, the 5th are flowed through with the flow of 6500 ml/mins successively Two-position two-way solenoid valve, the 4th two-position two-way solenoid valve, are ultimately drained into outdoor, last 31 seconds；The magnetic valve position in this stage Put that tentatively to recover state with surrounding air flow condition with gas sensor array identical；
(8) data record；From the 250.00th second flue gas sampling cycle, i.e., since the quarter poised state, computer passed through Voltage responsive caused by 16 gas sensors is stored in " xxx " text by 16 16, passage high-accuracy data collection cards In, stop within the 36.00th second until the 290.00th second flue gas sampling cycle was surrounding air rinse stage, including second mouthful of flue gas is taken out Inhale, this 3 processes after residual stub takes out operation, residual stub takes out, a length of 40 seconds during data record；
(9) feature extraction；Within a flue gas sampling cycle, computer carries in 40 seconds " xxx " document data record of duration Each gas sensor voltage responsive stable state maximum is taken as characteristic component, is substantially the response to second mouthful of flue gas, one Therefore individual tested tobacco product sample is converted into the measurement sample of one 16 dimension, and be stored in tobacco and the tobacco system of hard disc of computer In product sample data set file；
(10) identification and the prediction of aesthetic quality's index score；It is data record in the 290.00-300.00 seconds in flue gas sampling cycle In 10 seconds terminated, machine learning model determines the brand of the sample undetermined, place of production, true and false, predicts its fragrance, coordination, miscellaneous gas, thorn Swash property, pleasant impression this 5 aesthetic quality's index score value, and shown by display；
Repeat step (2)~(10), tobacco electronic nose instrument realize test, the knowledge to multiple tobaccos and tobacco product sample flue gas Do not predicted with aesthetic quality's index score；One complete tobacco is 300 seconds with the tobacco product sample testing cycle.
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