CN107804845A - A kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107804845A CN107804845A CN201711070690.8A CN201711070690A CN107804845A CN 107804845 A CN107804845 A CN 107804845A CN 201711070690 A CN201711070690 A CN 201711070690A CN 107804845 A CN107804845 A CN 107804845A
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- carbon block
- block material
- level hole
- formaldehyde
- purifying formaldehyde
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde and its preparation method and application.The preparation method is：The directly charing and activation under certain gas atmosphere after the wood materials for losing state structure containing the accurate biology of tunnel-like in order are dried, obtains the level hole carbon block material with high-specific surface area.Present invention process is simple, and gained carbon block material has unique stratification distribution pore structure, and macroscopic form is presented block structure, not only with good mechanical property, and can be flexibly and easily cut out, BET is 726~1107m than surface2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area are up to 974~1591m2/ g, pore volume are 0.36~1.07cm3/g.It is placed on to be taken away again for a period of time by the space that formaldehyde gas polluted as the carbon block material by obtained by and can completes the processes such as efficient absorption and separation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material technology, and in particular to a kind of level hole carbon block material and its system for purifying formaldehyde
Preparation Method and application.
Background technology
With the raising of economic level, the environmental consciousness of people is more and more stronger, to air quality, especially Interior Space makings
The attention degree of amount also more and more higher.In recent years, because people pursue exquisiter, high-grade interior decoration, room air is dirty
Dye grows in intensity, and formaldehyde because its pollute source range it is wide, not easy-clear and turn into indoor primary pollutant.
Formaldehyde is simplest aldehyde material, have anti-corrosion, sterilization function, be mainly used in plastics, rubber, glued board with
And the production of adhesive, it is widely used in the industries such as leather, weaving, pharmacy.The glued board that is used during house decoration, joiner
The artificial boards such as plate, medium density fibre board (MDF) and particieboard are the main sources of indoor formaldehyde.Formaldehyde is a kind of toxicant, at me
Second is on state's toxic chemical priority acccess control list, and carcinogenic and teratogen is defined as by world health.Cause
Indoors in environment major pollutants, formaldehyde is the material for being detected and being controlled by emphasis for this.
The method for being conventionally used to purifying indoor formaldehyde mainly has adsorption technology, photocatalysis technology, lower temperature plasma technology
And catalytic oxidation technologies.Various in the material of purifying formaldehyde, porous carbon material with its high-specific surface area, big pore volume,
The advantages of excellent physical chemical stability etc. is unique enjoys the favor of researcher.At present, new carbon source is developed, is sought efficient
Synthetic route, it is still the Important Problems that porous carbon material research needs to solve.The raw material of porous carbon material is prepared numerous,
It is extensive that the advantages that biomass resource is enriched with its renewable, environment-friendly, widely distributed, cheap, total amount receives people
Attention.Prepare biomass-based porous carbon material using simple process route turns into study hotspot, and there is important research to anticipate
Justice and application prospect.
On the other hand, developing rapidly with economic society, people propose to the performance of purifying formaldehyde porous carbon material
Requirements at the higher level.In view of material structure is to determine its performance and the key element of application, the innovation of porous carbon material prepares and knot
Structure regulation and control will be key point that such following material obtains substantive breakthroughs in actual applications.At present, porous carbon material exists
Four big problems urgently to be resolved hurrily in purifying formaldehyde application be present：(1) typically exhibit it is powdered, for separating adsorbent and absorption be situated between
During matter, it is necessary to pass through cumbersome filtering or centrifugally operated, it is difficult to applied and promoted on a large scale；(2) existing porous charcoal
Base adsorbent generally needed to be added substantial amounts of binding agent in production process is molded, and reduce the specific surface area of adsorbent, greatly
Active adsorption sites are reduced, cause purifying formaldehyde effect undesirable；(3) bad mechanical strength, it is difficult to tackle the NOL ring of complexity
Border；(4) existing high-performance purifying formaldehyde is complicated with porous charcoal block of material preparation process, still unavoidably use KOH,
The limitation such as complex process, unfriendly to environment be present in the activating technology route as activator such as NaOH, this kind of synthetic method.
Obviously, these defects hinder performance boost and the application extension of purifying formaldehyde porous carbon material to a certain extent.Therefore, such as
What by simple, inexpensive method build novel porous Carbon Materials and apply in purifying formaldehyde be still one urgently explore and
The field of solution.
The content of the invention
To solve the shortcomings that prior art and weak point, primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide that a kind of to be used for formaldehyde net
The preparation method of the level hole carbon block material of change.The present invention is using natural biomass such as linden, oak, Moringas as carbon source, at it
The accurate biology of tunnel-like in order is lost on state architecture basics, using the reaction of simple and effective step high temperature carbonization in accurate biomass wall in order
Upper pore-creating, the stratification of three-dimensional body phase pore structure is realized by adjusting charring process, thus develops the layer with high porosity
Secondary aperture carbon block material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of level hole for being used for purifying formaldehyde as made from above-mentioned preparation method
Carbon block material.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide the application of the above-mentioned level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by the wood materials drying containing the accurate biology of tunnel-like in order something lost state structure to constant weight；
(2) using different charring process (such as heating rate, carbonization temperature, carbonization time and heat-treating atmosphere) to step
(1) gained wooden unit is carbonized and activated, and obtains the level hole carbon block material for being used for purifying formaldehyde.
The wood materials for losing state structure containing the accurate biology of tunnel-like in order described in step (1) include linden, oak, Moringa
At least one of Deng.
Carbonized described in step (2) and be with the processing step activated：1. under the protection of inert gas (such as nitrogen), with 2
~10 DEG C/min speed rises to 800~1000 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 1~3h；2. it is passed through 150~300mL/min of flow CO2
0~4h of gas activation；3. stopping is passed through CO2Gas, continue logical inert gas (such as nitrogen) and be cooled to room temperature.
Present invention also offers a kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde being prepared by the above method, its
BET is 726~1107m than surface2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area are up to 974~1591m2/ g, pore volume are 0.36~1.07cm3/
g。
The above-mentioned level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde can be used for the middle formaldehyde that purifies the air of a room.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and beneficial effect：
(1) the block knot of cube is presented in the level hole carbon block material macroscopic form produced by the present invention for purifying formaldehyde
Structure, and can flexibly and easily be cut out, when thus be accordingly used in purifying formaldehyde, only polluted by placing it in by formaldehyde gas
Space is taken away again for a period of time can complete the processes such as efficient absorption and separation；
(2) the level hole carbon block material produced by the present invention for purifying formaldehyde have unique quasi- ordered big hole-mesopore-
Stratification distribution pore structure is presented in micropore；
(3) the level hole carbon block material produced by the present invention for purifying formaldehyde has good mechanical property, is carrying
And reply is extreme, complex environment etc. has obvious advantage；
(4) material syntheti c route of the present invention is simple, and pore structure regulation and control method is efficient；
(5) the level hole carbon block material produced by the present invention for purifying formaldehyde is after for purifying formaldehyde, by simple
Recycling, recycling to material can be achieved；
(6) porous carbon material preparation process on the market is complicated, still inevitably uses KOH, NaOH etc. to activate
There is the problems such as complex process, unfriendly to environment in the activating technology route of agent, this kind of synthetic method, the present invention uses CO2Enter
Row activation, and step charing is prepared into level hole carbon block material at high temperature, syntheti c route is simple.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of level hole carbon block material prepared by embodiment 1, as can be seen from FIG. prepared by the present invention
Level hole carbon block material be in appearance cube block structure, size is about 1.5*1.5*1.5cm, is different from traditional powder
Last shape or fine granularity porous carbon material.
Fig. 2 is that different absorption every gram of sample formaldehyde absorbings of number are total in level hole carbon block material 5 hours prepared by embodiment 1
Amount.
Fig. 3 is that every gram of sample formaldehyde absorbing total amount of different layers secondary aperture carbon block material compares in 5 hours.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by linden drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 1.5h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 2h；3. stop logical
Enter CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The ASAP2020 adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, the use prepared
In the BET specific surface area of the level hole linden base carbon block material of purifying formaldehyde be 1107m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is
1591m2/g；Pore volume is 1.06cm3/g.Scanning electron microscopic observation is as shown in figure 1, gained is used for the level hole linden base of purifying formaldehyde
The microstructure of carbon block material is crisscross on three-dimensional, interconnected with unique level, each level duct.
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, sample is reclaimed after test every time, is put into Muffle furnace, 150 DEG C of baking 2h, then takes out and carries out down again
Once test.As a result showing, still PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) has suction-operated to the linden charcoal in experiment after multiple recovery, heating,
Such as Fig. 2, every gram of sample formaldehyde absorbing total amount of linden base carbon block material is more than 10mg/m in 5 hours3, higher than commercially using charcoal
Bag, wherein being even more for the 1st time to have reached 13.1mg/m3Formaldehyde absorbing total amount.Although repeat to adsorb every time, its adsorption effect has
Trickle decline, but every gram of sample formaldehyde absorbing total amount still can reach the 78% of first time during the 4th detection, illustrate the linden
Wooden base carbon block material has higher repeatable value.Linden base carbon block every gram of sample formaldehyde absorbing of material in 13 hours
Total amount is 17.70mg/m3。
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by linden drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 1.5h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 0.5h；3. stop
It is passed through CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde
Material.
The ASAP2020 adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, the use prepared
In the BET specific surface area of the level hole linden base carbon block material of purifying formaldehyde be 991m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is
1364m2/g；Pore volume is 1.04cm3/g。
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, the level hole linden base carbon block material every gram of sample in 5 hours for purifying formaldehyde prepared
Formaldehyde absorbing total amount is 10.91mg/m3。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by linden drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 1.5h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 1h；3. stop logical
Enter CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole linden base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The ASAP2020 adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, the use prepared
In the BET specific surface area of the level hole linden base carbon block material of purifying formaldehyde be 919m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is
1268m2/g；Pore volume is 0.98cm3/g。
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, the level hole linden base carbon block material every gram of sample in 5 hours for purifying formaldehyde prepared
Formaldehyde absorbing total amount is 7.95mg/m3。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of level hole oak base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by oak drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 2h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 0.5h；3. stop logical
Enter CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole oak base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The ASAP2020 adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, the use prepared
In the BET specific surface area of the level hole oak base carbon block material of purifying formaldehyde be 1039m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is
1445m2/g；Pore volume is 1.07cm3/g。
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, the level hole oak base carbon block material every gram of sample in 5 hours for purifying formaldehyde prepared
Formaldehyde absorbing total amount is 12.78mg/m3。
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of level hole oak base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by oak drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 2h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 1h；3. stopping is passed through
CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole oak base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The 3Flex adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, and what is prepared is used for first
The BET specific surface area of the level hole oak base carbon block material of aldehyde purification is 726m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area are 974m2/g；
Pore volume is 0.36cm3/g。
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, the level hole oak base carbon block material every gram of sample in 5 hours for purifying formaldehyde prepared
Formaldehyde absorbing total amount is 7.17mg/m3。
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of level hole Moringa base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, comprises the following steps：
(1) by Moringa drying to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit in step (1) is carbonized and activated：1. under the protection of 300mL/min nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/
Min speed rises to 900 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 2h；2. it is passed through flow 150mL/min CO2Gas activation 1h；3. stopping is passed through
CO2Gas, continue logical nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature, that is, obtain a kind of level hole Moringa base carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde.
The 3Flex adsorption instruments nitrogen adsorption methods produced with Micromeritics companies of the U.S. are tested, and what is prepared is used for first
The BET specific surface area of the level hole Moringa base carbon block material of aldehyde purification is 846m2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area are 1401m2/g；
Pore volume is 0.63cm3/g。
The INNOVA1412i infrared light sound spectrum gas monitoring instruments produced with LumaSense Technologies science and technology group
Formaldehyde absorbing test is done, the level hole Moringa base carbon block material every gram of sample in 5 hours for purifying formaldehyde prepared
Formaldehyde absorbing total amount is 8.86mg/m3。
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) by the wood materials drying containing the accurate biology of tunnel-like in order something lost state structure to constant weight；
(2) wooden unit obtained by step (1) is carbonized and activated, obtain the level hole carbon block material for being used for purifying formaldehyde.
2. a kind of preparation method of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde according to claim 1, its feature exist
In the wood materials for losing state structure containing the accurate biology of tunnel-like in order described in step (1) are included in linden, oak, Moringa
It is at least one.
3. a kind of preparation method of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde according to claim 1, its feature exist
In charing described in step (2) is with the processing step activated：1. under the protection of inert gas, with 2~10 DEG C/min speed
Rate rises to 800~1000 DEG C by room temperature, keeps 1~3h；2. it is passed through 150~300mL/min of flow CO20~4h of gas activation；
3. stopping is passed through CO2Gas, continue logical inert gas and be cooled to room temperature.
4. a kind of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde, it is characterised in that it is as described in any one of claims 1 to 3
The preparation method of level hole carbon block material for purifying formaldehyde a kind of be made.
5. the application of level hole carbon block material formaldehyde in purifying the air of a room for purifying formaldehyde described in claim 4.
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Cited By (1)
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