CN107802001B - Protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107802001B CN107802001B CN201711058390.8A CN201711058390A CN107802001B CN 107802001 B CN107802001 B CN 107802001B CN 201711058390 A CN201711058390 A CN 201711058390A CN 107802001 B CN107802001 B CN 107802001B
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing rice starch, protein peptide and water, and homogenizing to obtain rice starch-protein peptide compound; 2) carrying out spray drying on the rice starch-protein peptide compound obtained in the step 1) to obtain protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules. The protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method are rich in nutrition; the whole process has mild conditions, no pollution and environmental friendliness; according to the embodiment of the invention, the mass content of protein in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method is up to 15%, and the mass content of slowly digestible starch is up to 56%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of starch deep processing, and particularly relates to a protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granule and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the improvement of living standard, the living rhythm is accelerated, the living habits and dietary structures are changed, the incidence rate of more and more chronic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, obesity and the like is higher and higher, and the incidence rate of obesity and diabetes is most obvious. Therefore, the key point for preventing the chronic diseases is to attach importance to the nutrition of the food, develop a novel food with a health care function and a low Glycemic Index (GI) value, reasonably supplement energy required by the body of the user and keep a scientific dietary structure. Slowly Digestible Starch (SDS) is a stable glucose source, has the physiological functions of keeping postprandial blood sugar stable, slowly releasing energy and enhancing satiety, is not only beneficial to stabilizing the blood sugar level, but also can bring satiety to people, so that the slowly digestible starch can control and prevent obesity and is also helpful for preventing and treating diabetes.
At present, the preparation of SDS in China is still in the laboratory stage, and the research is still in the initial development stage. Among them, there are many reports on how starch is slowly digested by heat treatment, chemical modification and enzyme treatment, and the methods adopted in these studies are all to change the structure of starch itself to achieve slow digestion, and have the problems of single nutrition, high energy consumption and great environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules with abundant nutrition, low energy consumption and no pollution, and the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules prepared by the method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing rice starch, protein peptide and water, and homogenizing to obtain rice starch-protein peptide compound; 2) carrying out spray drying on the rice starch-protein peptide compound obtained in the step 1) to obtain protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules; the mass of the protein peptide in the step 1) is 2.5-15% of that of the rice starch.
Preferably, the mass of the protein peptide in the step 1) is 0.25-1.5% of the mass of water.
Preferably, the protein peptide is a grass carp protein peptide.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the grass carp protein peptide is 300-1000 daltons.
Preferably, the mixing method in the step 1) is magnetic stirring, the speed of the magnetic stirring is 400-600 rpm, and the time of the magnetic stirring is 5-15 min.
Preferably, the homogenizing pressure in the step 2) is 30-70 MPa, and the homogenizing time is 3-10 min.
Preferably, the flow rate of the spray-dried material in the step 3) is 0.5-1.5 g/min, and the flow rate of the hot air is 220-280L/min.
Preferably, the spray drying nozzle is a 75 μm nozzle.
Preferably, the temperature of the top of the spray drying tower in the step 3) is 150-210 ℃, and the temperature of the bottom of the spray drying tower is 80-100 ℃.
The invention also provides the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules prepared by the preparation method, wherein the mass content of protein in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules is 5-15%, and the mass content of slowly digestible starch is 50-56%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules takes rice starch as a main raw material, adds the protein peptide as a material, and performs homogenization treatment and spray drying to obtain the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules. The method only relates to raw material rice starch, auxiliary material protein peptide and water, the rice starch is subjected to compound physical modification, compared with single physical modification, the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method are rich in nutrition (except slowly digestible starch granules, the slowly digestible starch granules also comprise protein); the conditions in the whole process are mild, and the rice starch is not treated by strong acid or strong alkali, so that the production process is pollution-free and environment-friendly; according to the embodiment of the invention, the mass content of the protein in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method can reach up to 15%, and the mass content of the slowly digestible starch can reach up to 56%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of untreated rice starch granules;
FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph of rice starch granules obtained by conventional physical modification;
FIG. 3 is an electron micrograph of a protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granule obtained by the method of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing rice starch, protein peptide and water, and homogenizing to obtain rice starch-protein peptide compound; 2) carrying out spray drying on the rice starch-protein peptide compound obtained in the step 1) to obtain protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules; the mass of the protein peptide in the step 1) is 2.5-15% of that of the rice starch.
In the invention, the protein peptide is preferably grass carp protein peptide, the molecular weight of the grass carp protein peptide is preferably 300-1000 daltons, and the grass carp protein peptide is preferably refined grass carp protein peptide. In the specific implementation process of the invention, the refined grass carp protein peptide is obtained after being refined by using the commercially available protein peptide with the molecular weight of less than 2000 daltons. In the embodiment of the present invention, the refined grass carp protein peptide may be commercially available from Shandong Zhongshi Duqing Biotechnology Co. Can also be prepared by a refining method well known to those skilled in the art, and the refining method of the grass carp protein peptide preferably comprises the following steps: dissolving commercially available grass carp protein peptide in distilled water to obtain a grass carp protein peptide aqueous solution, then carrying out ultrafiltration by adopting an ultrafiltration cut-off membrane to obtain a refined grass carp protein peptide solution, and freeze-drying the refined grass carp protein peptide solution to obtain the refined grass carp protein peptide with the molecular weight of 300-1000 daltons. The commercially available grass carp protein peptide is preferably dissolved in 15-20 times of volume of distilled water, and more preferably dissolved in 20 times of volume of distilled water. The conditions of the ultrafiltration are not particularly limited in the present invention, and the conventional ultrafiltration method in the art may be used. The invention obtains refined grass carp protein peptide solution by ultrafiltration, and the refined grass carp protein peptide solution is frozen and dried to obtain refined grass carp protein peptide. In the implementation process of the invention, the obtained refined grass carp protein peptide is preferably stored at room temperature for later use.
In the invention, rice starch, protein peptide and water are mixed and homogenized to obtain the rice starch-protein peptide compound. In the invention, rice starch, protein peptide and water are mixed to obtain rice starch-protein peptide suspension. In the present invention, the source of the rice starch is not particularly limited, and a commercially available product may be used. In the invention, the mass of the protein peptide is 2.5-15% of that of the rice starch, preferably 5-12%; the mass of the protein peptide is 0.25-1.5% of the mass of water, preferably 0.3-1.4%, and most preferably 0.6-1.0%. In the specific implementation process of the invention, preferably, the protein peptide is dissolved in water to form a protein peptide aqueous solution, and then the rice starch and the protein peptide aqueous solution are mixed to obtain the rice starch-protein peptide suspension. In the invention, the mixing is preferably carried out by adopting a magnetic stirring method, and the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is preferably 400-600 rpm, more preferably 500 rpm; the time of the magnetic stirring is preferably 5-15 min, and more preferably 8-12 min. The magnetic stirring effect of the invention is to fully mix rice starch and protein peptide to form suspension.
After the rice starch-protein peptide suspension is obtained, the rice starch-protein peptide suspension is homogenized to obtain the rice starch-protein peptide compound. In the invention, the homogenization is preferably high-pressure homogenization, and the homogenization equipment is preferably a high-pressure homogenizer. In the invention, the homogenizing pressure is preferably 30-70 MPa, more preferably 40-60 MPa; the time for homogenizing is preferably 3-10 min, and more preferably 5-8 min. The homogenization step described in the present invention is advantageous for improving the stability of the rice starch-grass carp protein peptide complex.
After the rice starch-protein peptide compound is obtained, the rice starch-protein peptide compound is subjected to spray drying to obtain protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules. The spray drying in the present invention preferably uses a laboratory-grade microfluidic spray drying tower, and the nozzles used in the present invention are preferably 0.75 μm nozzles. The flow rate of the spray-dried material is preferably 0.5-1.5 g/min, more preferably 0.8-1.2 g/min, and most preferably 1.0 g/min. In the invention, the flow rate of the hot air is preferably 220-280L/min, more preferably 240-260L/min, and most preferably 250L/min. The tower top temperature of the spray drying is preferably 150-210 ℃, and more preferably 170-190 ℃; the temperature of the bottom of the tower is preferably 80-100 ℃, and more preferably 85-95 ℃.
The invention obtains the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules after spray drying. The invention also provides the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules prepared by the preparation method, wherein the mass content of protein in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules is preferably 5-15%, and the mass content of slowly digestible starch is preferably 50-56%. The particle size of the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules is 30-100 mu m.
The method for preparing the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules and the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules prepared by the method provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The grass carp protein peptide is refined, 50g of protein peptide with the molecular weight of less than 2000 daltons sold by Shandong Zhongshidu Chongqing biotechnology limited is weighed, dissolved in 1000mL of distilled water, and is ultrafiltered by an ultrafiltration cut-off membrane with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons to obtain a grass carp protein refined peptide solution with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons, and then is freeze-dried to obtain refined grass carp protein peptide, which is stored at room temperature for later use.
5g of grass carp protein peptide with the molecular weight of 300-1000 Dalton is weighed and dissolved in 1000mL of distilled water, then 100g of rice starch is added, and magnetic stirring is carried out at 500rpm to obtain the rice starch-protein peptide suspension. Homogenizing the obtained rice starch-protein peptide suspension in a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressure of 50MPa for 8min, setting the material flow rate to be 1.0g/min and the hot air flow rate to be 250L/min by using a 75-micron nozzle in a laboratory-level micro-fluidic spray drying tower, controlling the temperature at the top of the tower to be 200 ℃ and the temperature at the bottom of the corresponding tower to be 90 ℃, and preparing the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules.
The results of electron microscope observation are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in which FIG. 1 shows untreated rice starch, FIG. 2 shows rice starch obtained by conventional physical modification, and FIG. 3 shows protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method of this example. As shown in FIG. 1, the untreated rice starch particles were very small, ranging from 5 to 8 μm, polygonal with uniform particle size, and smooth in surface. As shown in FIG. 2, the rice starch processed by conventional physical modification, high-pressure homogenization and spray drying has the phenomenon of conglomeration and balling between particles. Meanwhile, it is also apparent that the original polygonal type with small and uniform particle size is not changed even though the high-pressure homogenization and spray drying treatment are performed. The protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained by the method of the embodiment are fused into granules with concave surfaces, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the content of slowly digestible starch is as high as 55.63%. The slowly digestible starch content in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained based on the method of the present example was increased from 10.25% to 55.63% compared to the slowly digestible starch content in the original rice starch.
Example 2
And (2) refining the grass carp protein peptide, namely weighing 60g of protein peptide with the molecular weight of less than 2000 daltons sold by Shandong Zhongshidu Chongqing biotechnology limited, dissolving the protein peptide in 1000mL of distilled water, performing ultrafiltration by using an ultrafiltration cut-off membrane with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons to obtain a grass carp protein refined peptide solution with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons, performing freeze drying to obtain refined grass carp protein peptide, and storing the refined grass carp protein peptide at room temperature for later use.
Weighing 8g of grass carp protein peptide with the molecular weight of 300-1000 Dalton, dissolving in 1000mL of distilled water, adding 100g of rice starch, and magnetically stirring at 550rpm to obtain a rice starch-protein peptide suspension. Homogenizing the obtained rice starch-protein peptide suspension in a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressure of 65MPa for 6min, and then adopting a laboratory-level microfluidic spray drying tower, setting the material flow rate to be 1.2g/min and the hot air flow rate to be 230L/min by using a 75-micron nozzle, controlling the temperature at the top of the tower to be 190 ℃ and the temperature at the bottom of the corresponding tower to be 90 ℃ to prepare the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules. Wherein, the content of protein is 8 percent, and the content of slowly digestible starch is up to 54 percent. The slowly digestible starch content of the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained based on the method of the embodiment is increased from 10.25% to 54% compared with the slowly digestible starch content of the original rice starch.
Example 3
And (2) refining the grass carp protein peptide, namely weighing 40g of protein peptide with the molecular weight of less than 2000 daltons sold by Shandong Zhongshidu Chongqing biotechnology limited, dissolving the protein peptide in 1000mL of distilled water, performing ultrafiltration by using an ultrafiltration cut-off membrane with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons to obtain a grass carp protein refined peptide solution with the molecular weight of 300 daltons and 1000 daltons, performing freeze drying to obtain refined grass carp protein peptide, and storing the refined grass carp protein peptide at room temperature for later use.
Weighing 15g of grass carp protein peptide with the molecular weight of 300-1000 Dalton, dissolving in 1000mL of distilled water, adding 100g of rice starch, and magnetically stirring at 450rpm to obtain a rice starch-protein peptide suspension. Homogenizing the obtained rice starch-protein peptide suspension in a high-pressure homogenizer under the homogenizing pressure of 65MPa for 4min, setting the material flow rate of 0.8g/min and the hot air flow rate of 260L/min by using a 75-micron nozzle in a laboratory-grade micro-fluidic spray drying tower, controlling the temperature at the top of the tower to be 185 ℃ and the temperature at the bottom of the corresponding tower to be 85 ℃, and preparing the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules. Wherein, the content of protein is 15 percent, and the content of slowly digestible starch is up to 54 percent. The slowly digestible starch content of the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules obtained based on the method of the embodiment is increased from 10.25% to 54% compared with the slowly digestible starch content of the original rice starch.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules comprises the following steps:
1) mixing rice starch, protein peptide and water, and homogenizing to obtain rice starch-protein peptide compound;
2) carrying out spray drying on the rice starch-protein peptide compound obtained in the step 1) to obtain protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules;
the mass of the protein peptide in the step 1) is 2.5-15% of that of the rice starch;
the mass of the protein peptide in the step 1) is 0.25-1.5% of that of water;
the protein peptide is grass carp protein peptide;
the molecular weight of the grass carp protein peptide is 300-1000 daltons.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing in step 1) is performed by magnetic stirring, the speed of the magnetic stirring is 400-600 rpm, and the time of the magnetic stirring is 5-25 min.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the homogenization pressure in step 1) is 30 to 70MPa, and the homogenization time is 3 to 10 min.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the spray-dried material in the step 2) is 0.5-1.5 g/min, and the flow rate of the hot air is 220-280L/min.
5. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the spray drying nozzle is a 75 μm nozzle.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the spray-drying tower in step 2) is 150 ℃ to 210 ℃ and the temperature of the spray-drying tower is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃.
7. The protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mass content of protein in the protein peptide-slowly digestible starch granules is 5 to 15%, and the mass content of slowly digestible starch in the slowly digestible starch granules is 50 to 56%.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1457671A (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-26 | 国家淀粉及化学投资控股公司 | Slowly digestable starch product |
| CN101891831A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-11-24 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing stable slow-digestion starch |
| CN102258966A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-30 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing microcapsule slowly-digestible starch |
| CN107163149A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of preparation method of lotus seed starch albumen composition |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1457671A (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-26 | 国家淀粉及化学投资控股公司 | Slowly digestable starch product |
| CN101891831A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-11-24 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing stable slow-digestion starch |
| CN102258966A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-30 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing microcapsule slowly-digestible starch |
| CN107163149A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of preparation method of lotus seed starch albumen composition |
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