CN107797177A - A kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide and preparation method thereof and application - Google Patents
A kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide and preparation method thereof and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107797177A CN107797177A CN201711146984.4A CN201711146984A CN107797177A CN 107797177 A CN107797177 A CN 107797177A CN 201711146984 A CN201711146984 A CN 201711146984A CN 107797177 A CN107797177 A CN 107797177A
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- grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1842—Gratings for image generation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cycle gradual change grating to show waveguide and preparation method thereof and application, and the cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide includes：Preceding surface and rear surface, are provided with optical grating construction on preceding surface, the cycle of optical grating construction and inclination angle Discrete Change on pixel level in the horizontal direction.The preparation method includes：Calculate Exit positions of the light on grating waveguide；Calculate grating slope angle；Calculate screen periods；Waveguide is shown according to each parameter fabrication cycle gradual change grating.The application is used for colored display, including：The cycle gradual change grating that multilayer is sequentially overlapped shows waveguide.The application is additionally operable to extend emergent pupil, including：The multilayer cycle gradual change grating for the emergent pupil size that staggers per adjacent two layers shows waveguide.The cycle gradual change grating of the present invention shows waveguide and preparation method thereof and application, and precision and diffraction efficiency are high, clear-cut, and the big angle of visual field can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grating waveguide display technology field, more particularly to a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide and its system
Make method and application.
Background technology
Grating waveguide is due to only right with angle and wavelength selectivity, the grating waveguide of traditional not gradual change, whole grating face
High diffraction occurs for a kind of one incidence angle of wavelength, typically while high diffraction efficiency is obtained, it is difficult to obtain larger angle band
It is wide.
In order to solve the above problems, it is thus proposed that gradual change volume holographic grating, it is the recording light on hologram recording material
Grizzly bar line, cycle and the inclination angle dullness consecutive variations of grating fringe.Gradual change can improve regarding for traditional not gradual change grating waveguide
Limitation, but its there is also it is certain the shortcomings that：(1) it is that blur margin is clear, has come sizing of developing using interference fringe
Burr, precision and efficiency can be much lower；(2) cycle of its grating fringe and inclination angle dullness consecutive variations, in actual fabrication very
Difficulty accomplishes consecutive variations, can so cause that diffraction efficiency is low, and the angle of visual field is limited.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned problems of the prior art, proposes that a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide and its system
Make method and application, the cycle of grating and inclination angle Discrete Change on pixel level, corresponding to each pixel in length the cycle and
Inclination angle is single fixation, and precision and diffraction efficiency are high, clear-cut, and the big angle of visual field can be achieved.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of cycle gradual change grating and shows waveguide, and it includes：Preceding surface and rear surface, on the preceding surface
Optical grating construction is provided with, in the horizontal direction, grating quantity and the image source pixel quantity of the optical grating construction match, the light
The cycle of grid and inclination angle Discrete Change on pixel level in the horizontal direction.
It is preferred that the grating is holographical wave guide grating or tilts embossment thickness grating.
It is preferred that surface is glass planar after described.
It is preferred that the grating shows that waveguide is in cuboid.
The present invention also provides the preparation method that a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, and it comprises the following steps：
S11：Distance of exit pupil Eye-relief as requested, with reference to parameter n, d of base materialhCalculate the human eye angle of visual field
In each αoutExit positions P of the light on grating waveguide；
S12：According to the angle of incident light α of each visual fieldin, emergent ray angle [alpha]out, Exit positions P and grating waveguide
Refractive Index of Material n calculates the grating slope angle θ of position optical grating construction；
S13：According to the angle of incident light α of each visual fieldin, emergent ray angle [alpha]out, Exit positions P, incident ray ripple
Long λ, grating waveguide Refractive Index of Material n and grating tiltangleθ calculate the screen periods d of position relief grating0；
S14：Waveguide is shown according to above-mentioned each parameter fabrication cycle gradual change grating.
It is preferred that the fabrication cycle gradual change grating in the step 14 shows that the method for waveguide is printed or imprinted for nanometer.
It is preferred that also include between the step S13 and step S14：
S15：Optimize each pixel and correspond to the thickness that grating shows waveguide.
It is preferred that the optimization method in the step S15 is to be optimized using classical coupled-mode theory.
The present invention also provides the application that a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, shows that it includes for colour：Including more
The cycle gradual change grating that layer is sequentially overlapped shows waveguide, and every layer of cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide corresponds to a kind of incidence wave
It is long；The cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide shows waveguide for cycle gradual change grating described above.
It is preferred that the grating shows that the number of plies of waveguide is three layers；Three layers of grating show the incident wavelength point of waveguide
Red, green, blue three primary colours wavelength is not corresponded to.
The present invention also provides the application that another cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, and for extending emergent pupil, it includes：Multilayer
The cycle gradual change grating being sequentially overlapped shows waveguide, and cycle gradual change grating described in adjacent two layers shows that waveguide is wrong on pupil dimension is expanded
Open an emergent pupil size；The cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide shows waveguide for cycle gradual change grating described above.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) cycle gradual change grating provided by the invention shows waveguide, is gradation type grating, can be in different positions to not
The light of same incident angle carries out diffraction, and is corresponded in pixel with image source, can obtain the same of high-diffraction efficiency
When match specific pleasing to the eye light, so as to obtain the larger angle of visual field；
(2) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows waveguide, can use relief grating, can effectively correct conventional geometric
The insurmountable off-axis Off-axis aberrations of optical element, and the display module of application this grating display waveguide can generally be accomplished gently
It is thin, concealed；
(3) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows waveguide, is not limited to traditional holographic material, and safety and environmental protection may be selected
Material, and precision can be ensured；
(4) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows that the preparation method of waveguide is calculation type, compared to traditional craft side
Formula precision and diffraction efficiency are high, and edge clear；Traditional manual mode is that edge is not come sizing of developing using interference fringe
Clearly, can be jagged；
(5) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows that waveguide can also be holographical wave guide grating, using the side of holographic exposure
Formula obtains, different from traditional manual mode, and the present invention is holographic using calculation type, by calculating optical grating construction, then calculates
Go out holographic interference pattern, can realize that single exposure obtains holographic grating waveguide using LCD space light modulator, precision and spread out
Efficiency high is penetrated, is made simple；
(6) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows that the preparation method of waveguide can use nanometer to print or imprint, this
Mode compares the body grating of gradually changed refractive index, it is not necessary to special holographic material, it is smart without such as time for exposure, light path is held
The conditions such as degree, can produce the grating waveguide of degree of precision, and have good multiple quarter property, be advantageous to further product
Change；
(7) cycle gradual change grating of the invention shows that waveguide can realize colored display, when colored display is needed,
Multilayer cycle gradual change relief grating need to be only superimposed and show waveguide, make the different wavelength of each layer of correspondence, it is final to realize colored display,
Other Multi-level display waveguide can be also used for extending emergent pupil.
Certainly, any product for implementing the present invention it is not absolutely required to reach all the above advantage simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is that the cycle gradual change grating of embodiments of the invention shows the front view of waveguide
Fig. 2 is that the cycle gradual change grating of embodiments of the invention shows the usage schematic diagram of waveguide；
Fig. 3 is that the cycle gradual change grating of embodiments of the invention shows the diffraction schematic diagram of waveguide；
Fig. 4 is that a certain pixel of image source of embodiments of the invention shows that waveguide is shown into human eye via cycle gradual change grating
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is that the cycle gradual change grating of embodiments of the invention shows that waveguide is used for the usage schematic diagram for extending emergent pupil.
Label declaration：1- human eyes, 2- micro-displays, 3- base materials, 4- cycle gradual changes grating show waveguide；
101- light, 102- light, 103- light, 104- tilt relief grating structure, and 105- tilts relief grating structure,
106- tilts relief grating structure；
401- cycle gradual changes grating shows the amplification of waveguide；
Mono- layer of cycle gradual change grating of 41- shows waveguide, and another layer of cycle gradual change grating of 42- shows waveguide.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1：
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the present embodiment shows that waveguide is described in detail to the cycle gradual change grating of the present invention, such as Fig. 1
Shown, it includes：Preceding surface and rear surface, optical grating construction, the cycle of optical grating construction and inclination angle Yan Shui are provided with preceding surface
Square to Discrete Change on pixel level.The optical grating construction of the present embodiment, which has, tilts relief grating, tilts relief grating quantity
Match with image source pixel quantity, the corresponding one kind of each pixel is specific to tilt relief grating, inclines corresponding to different pixels point
The inclination angle of oblique relief grating and the length of side (namely corresponding screen periods) are all different.As shown in figure 1, the grating of the present embodiment
Show that waveguide is in cuboid, relief grating face arranges in the horizontal direction, screen periods and tiltangleθ gradual change.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, grating shows waveguide 4 when in use, sends the light 101,102,103 with certain angle by micro-display 2 and passes through substrate
Grating face P1, P2, P3 position is incided after material 3 respectively, grating shows that waveguide 4 corresponds to inclining for distribution on P1, P2, P3 position
Oblique relief grating structure 104,105,106 has angular selectivity, produced respectively primary maximum diffraction light 101,102,
103 reflections.As shown in figure 3, after the light of incidence angles degree incides grating face, only meet that the light of specified conditions can
Generation diffraction maximum, entered finally through base material 3 with directional light in human eye 1, gradual change relief grating waveguiding structure with it is micro-
The image source of display 2 corresponds on pixel level, so as to which human eye 1 just can observe micro display by whole grating waveguide
Content on device 2.
It is to be knocked down light into waveguide using micro-display in the present embodiment.In different embodiments, light can also be with
Other modes are coupled into waveguide, such as：Waveguide can be directly coupled into, light corresponding to pixel is reached in ducting layer inner total reflection
At grid.
In different embodiments, optical grating construction can also be holographical wave guide grating.
Embodiment 2：
The preparation method that the cycle gradual change grating of the present invention shows waveguide is described in detail in the present embodiment, and it includes following step
Suddenly：
S11：Distance of exit pupil Eye-relief as requested, with reference to parameter n, d of base materialhDeng calculating human eye visual field
Each α in angleoutExit positions P of the light on grating waveguide；
Pi=f (Eye-lelief, n, dh, αouti) i=1,2,3...；
S12：Image source corresponds with display waveguide in pixel on micro-display, as shown in figure 4, a certain on micro-display
Pixel A angle of incident light αin, in corresponding waveguide P points emergent ray angle [alpha]out, position can be calculated by geometrical relationship
Put the tiltangleθ of grating at P；
S13：According to the angle of incident light α of each visual fieldin, emergent ray angle [alpha]out, Exit positions P, incident ray ripple
Long λ, grating waveguide Refractive Index of Material n and grating tiltangleθ calculate the screen periods d of position relief grating0；
S14：The thickness of waveguide optical grating is corresponded to using each pixel of coupled-mode theory optimization, and then realizes higher diffraction effect
Rate.
By above-mentioned computational methods obtain be Single wavelength optical grating construction three-dimensional data, pass through micro-nano 3D printing or impressing
Mode can accurately produce the cycle gradual change grating waveguide.
The cycle gradual change grating of the present embodiment shows that the preparation method of waveguide is calculation type, compared to traditional manual mode
Precision and diffraction efficiency are high, and edge clear.
The cycle gradual change grating of the present invention shows that waveguide can be used for colored display, can when colored display is needed
In the method for showing waveguide with superposition multilayer cycle gradual change grating, make each layer of corresponding different wave length, it is final to realize colored display.
In addition, multilayer cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide can be used for extending emergent pupil.Such as：RGB can be corresponded to respectively using three layers
The cycle gradual change grating of three primary colours wavelength shows waveguiding structure to realize colored display.
The cycle gradual change grating of the present invention shows that waveguide can be also used for extending emergent pupil, when needing to extend emergent pupil,
The method that superposition multilayer cycle gradual change grating can be used to show waveguide, in water between the display waveguide of adjacent two layers cycle gradual change grating
Square just stagger the size of an emergent pupil upwards.As shown in figure 5, exemplified by two layers, 41 be wherein one layer of cycle gradual change grating
Show waveguide, 42 be that another layer of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, and 41 and 42 just stagger an emergent pupil size, expand so as to realize
The purpose of pupil is put on display, emergent pupil size is exactly the width represented in figure into the angle pencil of ray of human eye 1.
Disclosed herein is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and this specification is chosen and specifically describes these embodiments, is
It is not limitation of the invention to preferably explain the principle and practical application of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art
The modifications and variations done in the range of specification, it all should fall in the range of the present invention protects.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, it is characterised in that including：Preceding surface and rear surface, set on the preceding surface
Optical grating construction is equipped with, in the horizontal direction, grating quantity and the image source pixel quantity of the optical grating construction match, the grating
Cycle and inclination angle Discrete Change on pixel level in the horizontal direction.
2. cycle gradual change grating according to claim 1 shows waveguide, it is characterised in that the grating is holographical wave guide light
Grid tilt embossment thickness grating.
3. cycle gradual change grating according to claim 1 shows waveguide, it is characterised in that the grating shows waveguide in length
Cube shape.
4. the preparation method that a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows waveguide, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S11：Distance of exit pupil Eye-relief as requested, with reference to parameter n, d of base materialhCalculate every in the human eye angle of visual field
Individual αoutExit positions P of the light on grating waveguide；
S12：According to the angle of incident light α of each visual fieldin, emergent ray angle [alpha]out, Exit positions P and grating waveguide material
Refractive index n calculates the grating slope angle θ of position optical grating construction；
S13：According to the angle of incident light α of each visual fieldin, emergent ray angle [alpha]out, Exit positions P, incident ray wavelength X,
The tiltangleθ of grating waveguide Refractive Index of Material n and grating calculates the screen periods d of position relief grating0；
S14：Waveguide is shown according to above-mentioned each parameter fabrication cycle gradual change grating.
5. the preparation method that cycle gradual change grating according to claim 4 shows waveguide, it is characterised in that the step 14
In fabrication cycle gradual change grating show waveguide method for nanometer print or imprint.
6. the preparation method that cycle gradual change grating according to claim 4 shows waveguide, it is characterised in that the step
Also include between S13 and step S14：
S15：Optimize each pixel and correspond to the thickness that grating shows waveguide.
7. the preparation method that cycle gradual change grating according to claim 6 shows waveguide, it is characterised in that the step
Optimization method in S15 is to realize to optimize using coupled-mode theory.
8. a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows the application of waveguide, it is characterised in that is shown for colour, including multilayer is sequentially overlapped
Cycle gradual change grating show waveguide, every layer of cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide corresponds to a kind of incident wavelength；
The cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide shows waveguide for the cycle gradual change grating as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
9. cycle gradual change grating according to claim 8 shows the application of waveguide, it is characterised in that the grating shows ripple
The number of plies led is three layers；
Three layers of grating show that the incident wavelength of waveguide corresponds to red, green, blue three primary colours wavelength respectively.
10. a kind of cycle gradual change grating shows the application of waveguide, it is characterised in that for extending emergent pupil, including：Multilayer is folded successively
The cycle gradual change grating added shows waveguide, and cycle gradual change grating described in adjacent two layers shows that waveguide is staggered one in the horizontal direction
Emergent pupil size；
The cycle gradual change grating shows that waveguide shows waveguide for the cycle gradual change grating as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN201711146984.4A CN107797177B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Periodic gradient grating display waveguide and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| CN108646331A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江大学 | The exposure method and exposure stage of a kind of gradual change volume holographic grating using free-form surface lens |
| CN108873355A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | A kind of nearly eye display device |
| CN109407313A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | A kind of diffraction waveguide display device |
| CN110927873A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-27 | 青岛五维智造科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for batch production of AR diffraction optical waveguides |
| CN111381301A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 东南大学 | Method for calculating exposure parameters in preparation process of color holographic waveguide grating |
| CN114047569A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-15 | 佛山市睿琪全钰科技有限公司 | Grating diffraction element and method for realizing gradient period of one-word line light spot |
| CN114167532A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Diffraction grating waveguide, preparation method thereof and near-to-eye display device |
| WO2023188701A1 (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Optical system and image display device |
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| CN114047569A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-15 | 佛山市睿琪全钰科技有限公司 | Grating diffraction element and method for realizing gradient period of one-word line light spot |
| CN114167532A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Diffraction grating waveguide, preparation method thereof and near-to-eye display device |
| WO2023188701A1 (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Optical system and image display device |
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