CN107793762A - A kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107793762A
CN107793762A CN201710918351.4A CN201710918351A CN107793762A CN 107793762 A CN107793762 A CN 107793762A CN 201710918351 A CN201710918351 A CN 201710918351A CN 107793762 A CN107793762 A CN 107793762A
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Prior art keywords
layer material
insulation layer
cable insulation
parts
cable
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CN201710918351.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
舒春柳
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Sichuan Lizhi Jiuchuang Intellectual Property Operations Ltd
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Sichuan Lizhi Jiuchuang Intellectual Property Operations Ltd
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Priority to CN201710918351.4A priority Critical patent/CN107793762A/en
Publication of CN107793762A publication Critical patent/CN107793762A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
    • C08L2312/08—Crosslinking by silane

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof, the cable insulation layer material is prepared including following parts by weight raw material：30 50 parts of basalt fibre, 20 40 parts of silicon rubber, 5 10 parts of polyethylene, 0.5 2 parts of coupling agent, 0.1 0.5 parts of crosslinking agent；Wherein, a diameter of 1 10 μm of described basalt fibre, length≤2mm；The insulating layer material has the performance of higher breakdown strength, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing, uses it for the insulating barrier of cable, is remarkably improved the performance in high- and low-temperature resistance, intensity and fire-retardant aspect of cable, cable is can apply in more special environment conditions.

Description

A kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable material field, and in particular to a kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cable is to be fabricated to conductor thread core by twisted with one or more wire, then corresponding insulation is imposed on conductor Layer, the wire that outside is wrapped sealing sheath and formed, is mainly made up of core, insulating barrier, screen layer and restrictive coating.Cable has Take ground and space is few；Power supply safety is reliable, and electric shock possibility is small；Be advantageous to improve the power factor of power system；Operation, Maintenance work is simple and convenient；Be advantageous to beautifying city, there is many advantages, such as confidentiality, in being widely used in living and producing Every field.
The effect of insulating barrier is will to be electrically isolated from each other between core and the earth and out of phase core in cable, from And ensure not occurring when conveying electric energy relatively or alternate puncture short.By experiment and long-term use of empirical evidence, Gao Pin In the cable of matter, the material of insulating barrier needs have following performance：Compressive resistance is high；Dielectric loss angle tangent is low；Inverter fed motor Performance is good；Stable chemical performance；It is low temperature resistant；Heat resistance is good；Machining property is good；Service life is grown.Existing cable is exhausted Edge layer material is broadly divided into several major classes such as oil-paper, rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and crosslinked polyethylene, although can meet The performance requirement of normal cable, but when for preparing the cable used under particular surroundings, its performance shows slightly deficiency.
The insulating layer material used in existing cable is mostly rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and crosslinked polyethylene etc., although With the advantages of processability is good, good electrical property, but there is also poor heat resistance, mechanical strength is low, inflammable the shortcomings that, thus, use The cable of such insulating layer material is difficult to apply under the particular surroundings such as high temperature, high intensity.
Basalt fibre is a kind of emerging novel inorganic environment-friendly and green high performance fibre material, be by silica, The basalt building stones of the oxides such as aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide and titanium dioxide composition pass through spinning work after high-temperature fusion What skill was prepared, discarded object caused by production technology is few, and environmental pollution is small, and ecological environment can be directly transferred to after product abandonment In, without any harm, thus it is a kind of qualified green, environment-friendly materials.Also, basalt fibre chemical stability is good, Electrical insulating property is good, dielectric constant is small, and dielectric loss is small, anticorrosive, do not burn, high temperature resistant, fully meets cable to insulating barrier material Expect the requirement of basic performance, thus, the performance for using it for improving existing insulating layer material is used for application and preparation in particular surroundings Under cable be feasible.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome poor heat resistance existing for existing cable insulating layer material, poor mechanical property, inflammable The defects of, there is provided a kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof；The present invention is by with excellent electrical and mechanical property Basalt fibre makes the insulating layer material have the property of higher breakdown strength, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing as packing material Can, the insulating barrier of cable is used it for, the performance in high- and low-temperature resistance, intensity and fire-retardant aspect of cable is remarkably improved, makes electricity Cable can apply in more special environment conditions.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of cable insulation layer material, including following parts by weight are former Material is prepared：The basalt fibre of 30-50 parts, the silicon rubber of 20-40 parts, 5-10 parts polyethylene, 0.5-2 parts coupling Agent, the crosslinking agent of 0.1-0.5 parts；Wherein, a diameter of 1-10 μm of described basalt fibre, length≤2mm.
A kind of cable insulation layer material of the present invention, using the basalt fibre with excellent electrical and mechanical property as filling out Material is filled, is cooperateed with silicon rubber and polyethylene and collectively constitutes the more excellent cable insulation layer material of performance, insulating layer material tool There is the performance of higher breakdown strength, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing, use it for the insulating barrier of cable, be remarkably improved cable In the performance of high- and low-temperature resistance, intensity and fire-retardant aspect, cable is set to can apply in more special environment conditions.
In a kind of above-mentioned cable insulation layer material, wherein, including percetage by weight in described basalt fibre is 0.1-1.5% nano aluminium oxide, nano aluminium oxide can stop the development of breakdown channel, and the breakdown for improving basalt fibre is strong Degree；The content of described nano aluminium oxide must be controlled in prescribed limit, and its dosage is excessive, can cause nano aluminium oxide in electricity Played a leading role in field action, reduce the breakdown strength of basalt fibre on the contrary, dosage is very few, and role is small, to profound The breakdown strength increasing action of military rock fiber is small；Preferably, the percentage by weight of described nano aluminium oxide is 0.5-1.2%.Its In, it is preferred that a diameter of 2-10nm of described nano aluminium oxide；Diameter is excessive, and compatibility reduces, the stop to breakdown channel Effect reduces, and diameter is too small, is unfavorable for disperseing.
Wherein, it is preferred that described nano aluminium oxide is the alumina whisker that draw ratio is 1.5-3 ︰ 1；Whisker can be embedded in It is more preferable to the barrier effect of breakdown channel in different crystal phase structures；Draw ratio is too small, poor to the barrier effect of breakdown channel, Draw ratio is excessive, and winding or fracture easily occurs, is unfavorable for the modification to basalt fibre.
A kind of above-mentioned cable insulation layer material, wherein, 0.6-2.8% nanometer two is also included in described basalt fibre Silica, nano silicon can influence crystalline phase distribution and size in basalt fibre, crystalline phase in basalt fibre is distributed more Uniformly, difference in size is smaller, make basalt fibre Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance it is more preferable；Described nano silicon Content must control in prescribed limit, content is excessive, and nano silicon easily gathers, on the contrary to brilliant in basalt fibre The distribution of phase impacts, and makes the reduction of the performance of its Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing, content is too small, to basalt fibre uniformity shadow It is small to ring effect；Preferably, the percentage by weight of described nano silicon is 1.2-2.1%.
Wherein, it is preferred that the particle diameter of described nano silicon is 5-20nm；Particle diameter is excessive, brilliant in basalt fibre Phase diameter is big, and Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing humidification are reduced；Particle diameter is too small, is unfavorable for disperseing.
A kind of above-mentioned cable insulation layer material, wherein, described coupling agent is silane coupler；Silane coupler can increase Compatibility between basalt fibre and high polymer material, improve the electrical property of insulating layer material.
Wherein, described crosslinking agent is VTES；Polyethylene can not only be made to be crosslinked with silicon rubber, Formed tridimensional network, make material structure more stable, high temperature resistant and decay resistance are stronger, moreover it is possible to improve basalt fibre with It is interface characteristics between high polymer material, make electronics be not easy to gather, improve the breakdown voltage of material.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, further, the invention provides a kind of preparation side of cable insulation layer material Method, comprise the following steps：
（1）Basalt fibre is handled with coupling agent, obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is well mixed with silicon rubber, polyethylene, crosslinking agent, obtains compound；
（3）Compound is extruded with extruder, obtains cable insulation layer material.
A kind of preparation method of cable insulation layer material of the present invention, is modified first with coupling agent to basalt fibre, Increase the compatibility between basalt fibre and high polymer material, then crosslinking mixing is carried out by extruder, make basalt fibre It is dispersed in system, so that the cable insulation layer material stable performance being prepared；The preparation method is simple and reliable, fits Share extensive, the industrialized production in cable insulation layer material.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, cable insulation layer material of the present invention has excellent electrical property, mechanical property and processability, uses it for the exhausted of cable Edge layer, the performance in high- and low-temperature resistance, intensity and fire-retardant aspect of cable is remarkably improved, can apply to cable more special In environmental condition.
2nd, the basalt fibre in cable insulation layer material of the present invention can stop breakdown channel using nano aluminium oxide Development and nano silicon can influence the principle of crystalline phase distribution and size in basalt fibre, add the electricity of basalt fibre Performance is learned, so as to which insulating layer material of the present invention has higher breakdown strength, more preferable Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance.
3rd, the cable insulation layer material that preparation method of the present invention is prepared is homogeneous, stable performance, and mechanical strength is high, And method is simple, reliable, is adapted to extensive, the industrialized production of cable insulation layer material.
Embodiment
With reference to test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood Following embodiment is only limitted to for the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention, it is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that present invention is realized The scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
（1）Containing percetage by weight it is alumina whisker and 1.2% that 1.2% draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 5nm by 40 parts Particle diameter handled for the basalt fibres of 15nm nano silicons with silane coupler, obtain treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is mixed with 30 parts of silicon rubber, 8 parts of polyethylene, 0.3 part of VTES Uniformly, compound is obtained；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Embodiment 2
（1）40 parts of parabasalt fiber is handled with silane coupler, obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is mixed with 30 parts of silicon rubber, 8 parts of polyethylene, 0.3 part of VTES Uniformly, compound is obtained；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Embodiment 3
（1）Containing percetage by weight it is alumina whisker and 0.6% that 0.1% draw ratio is 3 ︰ 1, a diameter of 2nm by 30 parts Particle diameter is handled for the basalt fibre of 20nm nano silicons with silane coupler, obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber and 40 parts of silicon rubber, 10 parts of polyethylene, 0.1 part of VTES are mixed Close uniformly, obtain compound；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Embodiment 4
（1）Containing the alumina whisker and 2.8% particle diameter that percetage by weight is 1.5% a diameter of 5nm it is 5nm nanometers by 50 parts The basalt fibre of silica is handled with silane coupler, obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is mixed with 20 parts of silicon rubber, 5 parts of polyethylene, 0.5 part of VTES Uniformly, compound is obtained；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Comparative example 1
（1）30 parts of silicon rubber, 8 parts of polyethylene, 0.3 part of VTES are well mixed, obtain compound；
（2）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Comparative example 2
（1）Containing percetage by weight it is alumina whisker and 1.2% that 1.2% draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 5nm by 40 parts Particle diameter handled for the basalt fibres of 15nm nano silicons with silane coupler, obtain treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is well mixed with 30 parts of silicon rubber, 0.3 part of VTES, must be mixed Material；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Comparative example 3
（1）Containing percetage by weight it is alumina whisker and 1.2% that 1.2% draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 5nm by 40 parts Particle diameter handled for the basalt fibres of 15nm nano silicons with silane coupler, obtain treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is well mixed with 30 parts of silicon rubber, 8 parts of polyethylene, obtains compound；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
Comparative example 4
（1）The particle diameter for being 1.2% containing percetage by weight by 40 parts is the basalt fibre silane of 15nm nano silicons Coupling agent is handled, and obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is mixed with 30 parts of silicon rubber, 8 parts of polyethylene, 0.3 part of VTES Uniformly, compound is obtained；
（3）Compound is extruded with double screw extruder, is granulated, obtains cable insulation layer material.
By the cable insulation layer material in above-described embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-4, performance detection is carried out, record data is such as Under：
Numbering Breakdown strength（KV/mm） Tensile strength（MPa） Anti-flammability High temperature resistant（℃）
Embodiment 1 ≥50 46 ++++ ≤220
Embodiment 2 ≥45 42 ++++ ≤220
Embodiment 3 ≥50 45 ++++ ≤220
Embodiment 4 ≥50 43 ++++ ≤220
Comparative example 1 ≥30 16 ++ ≤180
Comparative example 2 ≥35 28 +++ ≤160
Comparative example 3 ≥40 33 +++ ≤150
Comparative example 4 ≥30 43 ++++ ≤220
Note："+" is more, represents that performance is better.
Above-mentioned analysis of experimental data is understood, the cable insulation layer material of the present invention being prepared in embodiment 1-4, electrically Can be good, tensile property is good, anti-flammability and resistance to elevated temperatures are good；And in comparative example 1-4, do not obtained using technical solution of the present invention Cable insulation material performance significantly reduces.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cable insulation layer material, it is characterised in that be prepared including following parts by weight raw material：30-50 parts it is profound Military rock fiber, the silicon rubber of 20-40 parts, the polyethylene of 5-10 parts, the coupling agent of 0.5-2 parts, the crosslinking agent of 0.1-0.5 parts；Its In, a diameter of 1-10 μm of described basalt fibre, length≤2mm.
2. cable insulation layer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include weight in described basalt fibre Measure the nano aluminium oxide that percentage is 0.1-1.5%.
3. cable insulation layer material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the weight percent of described nano aluminium oxide Than for 0.5-1.2%.
4. cable insulation layer material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that a diameter of 2- of described nano aluminium oxide 10nm。
5. cable insulation layer material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described nano aluminium oxide is that draw ratio is 1.5-3 ︰ 1 alumina whisker.
6. cable insulation layer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include in described basalt fibre 0.6-2.8% nano silicon.
7. cable insulation layer material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the weight hundred of described nano silicon It is 1.2-2.1% to divide ratio.
8. cable insulation layer material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described nano silicon is 5-20nm。
9. cable insulation layer material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described crosslinking agent is the ethoxy of vinyl three Base silane.
10. the preparation method of any one of a kind of claim 1-9 cable insulation layer material, it is characterised in that including following Step：
（1）Basalt fibre is handled with coupling agent, obtains treated basalt fiber；
（2）Treated basalt fiber is well mixed with silicon rubber, polyethylene, crosslinking agent, obtains compound；
（3）Compound is extruded with extruder, obtains cable insulation layer material.
CN201710918351.4A 2017-09-30 2017-09-30 A kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN107793762A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710918351.4A CN107793762A (en) 2017-09-30 2017-09-30 A kind of cable insulation layer material and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111073129A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-28 成都鑫成鹏高分子科技股份有限公司 Cable, halogen-free flame-retardant polymer material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111073129A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-28 成都鑫成鹏高分子科技股份有限公司 Cable, halogen-free flame-retardant polymer material and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20180313