CN107787421A - 一种用于无级变速器的控制*** - Google Patents

一种用于无级变速器的控制*** Download PDF

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CN107787421A
CN107787421A CN201680022943.1A CN201680022943A CN107787421A CN 107787421 A CN107787421 A CN 107787421A CN 201680022943 A CN201680022943 A CN 201680022943A CN 107787421 A CN107787421 A CN 107787421A
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hand
hydraulic
increase
gearratio
motor
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CN107787421B (zh
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雅克布斯·许贝特斯·玛丽亚·范罗伊
约翰·弗朗西斯·安妮·杰西·图伦
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Power System Co Ltd
Gear Chain Industrial BV
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F16H61/66254Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members controlling of shifting being influenced by a signal derived from the engine and the main coupling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/17Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/024Pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H61/0025Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore
    • F16H61/0031Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore using auxiliary pumps, e.g. pump driven by a different power source than the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H61/30Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F16H61/66272Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members characterised by means for controlling the torque transmitting capability of the gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20576Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/265Control of multiple pressure sources
    • F15B2211/2658Control of multiple pressure sources by control of the prime movers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/275Control of the prime mover, e.g. hydraulic control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7052Single-acting output members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/14Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
    • F16H2059/147Transmission input torque, e.g. measured or estimated engine torque
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/68Inputs being a function of gearing status
    • F16H59/70Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on the ratio established
    • F16H2059/704Monitoring gear ratio in CVT's
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F16H2061/66286Control for optimising pump efficiency
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/14Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/68Inputs being a function of gearing status
    • F16H59/70Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on the ratio established

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于无级变速器的控制***,所述无级变速器包括两对锥轮,每对锥轮具有可调的运行半径,每对锥轮中的一个锥轮与液压致动器联接,每个致动器的入口与液压致动器设置装置连接、接收液压容积式泵的馈入、与液压介质供应装置相连接并联接到电动机,所述电动机由控制器控制,所述控制器通过第一控制信号控制所述电动机的速度,所述第一控制信号一方面作为所述变速器的实际传动比的函数而产生,另一方面作为所述传动比的期望变化率的函数而产生,如此使得所述第一电动机的速度一方面随着所述变速器的传动比的增加而增加,另一方面随着传动比变化率的增加而增加。同时,所述容积式泵的出口与电子控制泄压阀的入口连接,所述泄压阀的设定值由第二控制信号确定,所述第二控制信号一方面作为实际设定传动比的函数而产生,另一方面作为所述变速器传递的实际转矩值的函数而产生,如此使得所产生的液压值一方面随着所述传动比的增加而增加,另一方面随着所述变速器传递的转矩的增加而增加。

Description

一种用于无级变速器的控制***
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序所述的一种控制***,其从US 6243 638已知。
背景技术
在特定操作条件下,对该***的容积式泵所进行的控制可伴随有干扰现象。当变速器处于传动比几乎保持不变的状态下时,该容积式泵仅需要补偿较低的内部漏泄损耗,因此基本上没有产出量,如此使得该容积式泵和驱动电动机将按照规律的时间间隔停止工作。但是,在零点附近完成的灵敏控制会由于著名的“粘滑”效应的发生而被抵消,引起该“粘滑”效应发生的原因是,在两个活动部件彼此接触并且可相对于彼此移动的结构中,这些部件之间的动摩擦系数总是低于静摩擦系数。
发明内容
本发明的目的是避免这些缺点。根据本发明,该目的是通过主权利要求中的特征条款所描述的措施达到的。
通过这些措施,同样在变速器的准稳定状态下,第二泵总是一定具有某一最小轴速,从而使“粘滑”效应不再发生。由于控制***压力所涉及到的溢流阀可非常快速地作出反应,因此该***会快速响应。
优选地,将本发明的措施与权利要求2所述的措施结合应用。
值得注意的是,US2004/0254047描述了一种用于无级变速器的控制***,其中介质供应泵的出口与弹簧负载泄压阀相连接。本发明的步骤不能根据该专利公开导出得到。
另外,参照EP 1 105 664和与其相应的US 6 739 994,这二者都属于该申请人所有。
附图说明
借助附图对本发明进行更详细地说明。其中:
图1示意性地示出与根据本发明的控制***配合的CVT的实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出无级变速器1及相关控制***2的组合。以通常已知的方式,无级变速器1包括第一锥盘对4,第一锥盘对4由锥盘6和锥盘8组成,锥盘6与轴5(其可能是该变速器的输入轴)刚性连接,锥盘8通过向第一腔室7内施加压力而相对于轴5在轴向上可移动。锥盘8与第一腔室7一起构成CVT1的第一致动器。该第一致动器与液压导管16相连接,并经由连接口15通向控制***2。
进一步地,CVT1具有第二锥盘对9,第二锥盘对9安装在第二轴10(其可能是变速器的输出轴)上并且由锥盘11和锥盘13组成,锥盘11与轴10刚性连接,锥盘13通过向第二腔室12内施加压力而相对于轴10在轴向上可移动。锥盘13与第二腔室12一起构成CVT1的第二致动器。该第二致动器与液压导管18相连接,液压导管18经由连接口17通向控制***2。
第一腔室7和第二腔室12内填充有合适的液压介质,例如油。具有梯形截面14的环形传动装置已配合在锥盘6、8和11、13之间。该环形传动装置可以是柔性带、皮带或链条。
通过该控制***,向第一腔室7和第二腔室12内施加压力,并控制油在这些腔室中流入流出,来影响传动装置14中的张力和CVT的传动比,CVT的传动比是由所述锥盘对上的传动装置14的运行半径所决定的。当该传动比在一个方向上变化时,锥盘8和13都向右移动,从而增加第一腔室7的体积,减少第二腔室12的体积,而当该传动比在相反方向上变化时,锥盘8和13都向左移动,从而减少第一腔室7的体积,增加第二腔室12的体积。控制***2通过通向腔室7和12的两个液压导管16和18来控制该CVT。
如图1所示,控制***2包括液压泵19,该液压泵19通过带有连接口20和23的液压导管16和18被***到腔室7和12二者之间。液压泵19由电动机21在两个方向上驱动,电动机21由电动机控制器3以已知的方式基于速度信号来控制,该速度信号通过连接部31呈递给转换器32。该泵-电动机组合能够将介质从第一腔室7转移到第二腔室12,反之亦然。在此方面,腔室中的液压介质的体积量将会变化,并且与腔室相连接的锥盘8和13将会在轴向上移动,从而使传动装置的位置相对于锥盘对4和9发生变化。这样,被定义为两个锥盘对上的传动装置采用的运行半径之间的比值的传动比不断变化。所有这些都是本领域现有技术。
在所示控制***中,第二液压泵25的出口24经液压导管13与液压导管18相连接,从而与口17相连接,并且第二液压泵25的另一个连接口26经由液压导管27与盛有液压介质的储蓄池28相连接。在介质必须流回到储蓄池28中的情况下,泵-电动机组合起到液压马达的作用,并且不会干扰传动比的变化。当离开腔室7或12其中之一的介质的量少于另一个腔室接收的介质的量时,泵-电动机组合起到泵的作用,并且补充短缺。在那种情况下,介质通过导管27从存储空间28流向导管18。泵-电动机组合25的连接口24处的压力总是比连接口26处的压力高,同时,介质可在两个方向上流动(从连接口26流向连接口24,或者反之亦然)。泵-电动机组合25为两象限可控类型,并且优选地,具有可控产出量。在本实施例中的泵-电动机组合中,可以根据CVT的当前实际转矩负载和传动比,来控制连接口24处的压力,并将其调整为最小需求值。也就是说,由此,在静止条件下,在恒定传动比下,体现出以下优点:只要必要,可以将流量减少至所需体积以补偿CVT1和控制***2中可能发生的较小漏泄损耗。在这些情况下,泵-电动机组合25充当液压马达,可提供能量。控制***2理论上可以使该能量恢复,从而甚至进一步地从总体上提高了CVT的能量效率。
到目前为止,所述控制***与现有技术中已知的一致。
如上所述,可能存在一些操作情况,其中所述第二液压泵25只需要传输非常小的流量,该流量可以是正的-从连接口26到连接口24-或可以是负的-从连接口24到连接口26。在这两种情况下,就会绕过“零点”,在“零点”的位置,泵不需要传输任何流量。在那些情况下,“粘滑”效应可干扰泵的精确具体操作。这导致了,尤其是在零点附近,电动机-泵组合会在短时间内静止,并且因此“快速切换”至一种操作,在该操作中,产出量会根据控制比所需的大一些或小一些。因此,在零点附近,可以说是存在一个“灰色”区域,其中施加在泵上的驱动转矩和泵传输的压力之间的关系没有明确确定。
本发明通过以下措施克服了该问题:
设置比例控制泄压阀34,比例控制泄压阀34通过来自控制单元43的电控制信号确定导管18中压力,从而确定腔室12中的压力,压力是通过连接部41提供给该泄压阀的。泄压阀34配合在液压导管38中,位于导管18和存储空间28之间,在导管18中存在第二液压泵25提供的***压力,所以泄压阀34实际上与第二液压泵25平行。任选地,可通过向控制单元43提供反馈信号,来进一步提高***压力的控制精度,该控制信号从压力转换器40经由连接部42向控制单元43提供。另外,转换器36通过连接部44接收控制信号,该控制信号由控制单元46产生,控制单元46接收两个控制信号,即:
输入端48处的信号,该信号表示在任意给定时间所需的CVT滑轮盘的传动比,以及
输入端50处的信号,该信号表示CVT1的输入轴(此处为轴5)上负载的当前实际转矩。
为了保证溢流阀34的正常操作,一方面,必须使最小量的液压流体一直流过该溢流阀,但另一方面,为了使该溢流阀的能量耗散量尽可能少,该体积流量不可以太大。为此,可通过控制单元56来控制用于驱动第二液压泵25的电动机25b的速度的大小和方向,即使是在快速变速的CVT的动态运行过程中。任选地,可通过向控制单元56馈入反馈信号,来进一步提高速度的控制精度,该反馈信号从简单编码器25a经由连接部45向控制单元56馈入。
借助控制单元52和转换器单元54,通过连接部51控制电动机控制器56的速度和旋转方向,该电动机控制器56用于驱动第二液压泵25的电动机25b。这基于两个控制参数来完成,即:
在控制单元52的输入端58处的信号形式参数,该信号表示在给定时刻的CVT的传动比,以及
在输入端60处的信号形式参数,该信号表示CVT的传动比的期望变化率。
控制电动机25b速度的控制单元52的操作为,电动机25b的速度随着变速器的传动比的增加而增加,并且还随着传动比的变化率的增加而增加。
被引入到变速器中的转矩的大小可通过包括在驱动轴中的转矩传感器来确定,或者可由该发动机的电子控制单元中的发动机参数导出。
关于变速器的实际传动比的确定,存在两种可能:
通过位移换能器,由滑轮盘8或13中的一个的轴向位置来确定该传动比,或者
通过速度传感器来确定轴5的转速,通过相应的速度传感器来确定轴10的转速,并且根据这两个变量的比值来确定传动比。这两种措施均为现有技术。
可通过对所确定的变量进行简单的微分,来计算确定实际传动比的变化率。
可简单地通过公知的传感器(未在图中示出)来确定电动机21和25b各自的实际速度。
对各个所获得的信号进行电子处理并且由此导出必要的控制变量从而实现本发明的控制,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,不会有任何问题。
根据本发明,在任意给定时刻,第二液压泵25传输的流量会选择略大于在当时条件下严格需求的流量。多余量会通过电子控制溢流阀34被释放出来。因此,第二液压泵25不会在静止点附近工作,由此,由粘滑效应导致的问题不再存在。而且,有利的是,电子控制泄压阀的响应时间非常快,尤其比现有技术中的转矩控制泵-电动机组合的响应速度要快很多,该响应时间取决于电动机和泵的转子的旋转质量惯性。
因此,本发明有助于改进CVT的可控性,尤其是在快速变速的动态条件下。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于无级变速器(CVT)的控制***,所述无级变速器包括两对锥轮,每对锥轮具有可调的运行半径并通过环形传动装置相互联接,在每对锥轮中,至少一个锥轮与用于设定其轴向位置的液压致动器联接,所述液压致动器的入口与液压致动器设置装置连接,以分别将液压介质从所述致动器排出,所述液压介质从两象限可控的第一液压容积式泵的出口被传输到所述致动器中,所述第一液压容积式泵的入口与液压介质供应装置相连接,所述第一液压容积式泵联接到第一电动机,所述第一电动机由两象限可操作的第一控制器控制,所述第一控制器通过第一控制信号控制所述第一电动机的速度,所述第一控制信号一方面作为所述变速器的实际传动比的函数而产生,另一方面作为所述传动比的期望变化率的函数而产生,如此使得所述第一电动机的速度一方面随着所述变速器的传动比的增加而增加,另一方面随着传动比变化率的增加而增加,
其特征在于,所述第一容积式泵的出口与电子控制泄压阀的入口连接,所述泄压阀的设定值由第二控制信号确定,所述第二控制信号一方面作为实际设定传动比的函数而产生,另一方面作为所述变速器传递的实际转矩值的函数而产生,如此使得所产生的液压值一方面随着所述传动比的增加而增加,另一方面随着所述变速器传递的转矩的增加而增加。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制***,
其特征在于,所述液压致动器设置装置包括四象限可控的第二液压容积式泵,所述第二液压容积式泵包括两个端口,所述两个端口中的每一个分别与所述轮致动器之一的入口相连接,所述第二液压容积式泵与第二电动机相连接,所述第二电动机由第二电子四象限控制器控制,同时进一步地,其中一个所述轮致动器的入口与所述第一容积式泵的出口相连接。
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