CN107784991B - Automatic imaging correction method - Google Patents
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- CN107784991B CN107784991B CN201711109135.1A CN201711109135A CN107784991B CN 107784991 B CN107784991 B CN 107784991B CN 201711109135 A CN201711109135 A CN 201711109135A CN 107784991 B CN107784991 B CN 107784991B
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of performing automatic imaging correction on subpixels in a display in which performance degradation such as luminance, contrast, saturation, and the like occurs by an imaging correction coefficient, which compares a difference between subpixel performance and global evaluation performance by a reference image for a plurality of automatic correction time periods, and performs weighted correction on subpixels whose performance varies until gray scales of all subpixels in the reference image are uniformly distributed. The method can improve the display effect in a low-cost mode under the condition of not influencing the compatibility of hardware or driving software.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly, to a method for automatic imaging correction.
Background
Liquid crystal display devices are commonly included in various devices such as current computers, tablets, mobile phones, and the like. Liquid crystal displays are generally flat, ultra-thin display devices consisting of a number of colored pixels placed in front of a light source or reflector to produce an image. A color pixel typically includes a plurality of sub-pixels greater than three, each of which may be configured to display one of green, red, or blue, with each of the colors including at least one sub-pixel. In use, the lifetime of a liquid crystal display is typically around 5 years. After long-time use, parameters such as brightness, contrast, saturation and the like may change in some pixels or sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display due to various reasons such as threshold voltage drift, water ingress, high temperature, aging and the like, and even a short circuit or an open circuit may be generated to form a dead pixel. In addition, the performance curves for each color sub-pixel are not the same, and it is possible that some color sub-pixels will experience performance changes earlier or more easily than others. For the user, the degradation of the sub-pixels will cause non-uniformity of the color displayed on the screen or noise spots.
The above-described performance variations may randomly occur in pixels or sub-pixels at different positions on the screen, and the positions where the occurrence is difficult to predict. Even performance variations of just a few pixels can have an intuitively significant negative impact on the user experience, and such problems are often difficult to overcome completely by software or hardware repair means, often requiring the user to change the display. There is therefore still a need for a method of automatic imaging correction for pixels of a liquid crystal display that changes performance so as to mitigate the effects of pixel performance changes in a cost effective manner without replacing the display with a new one.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to solving at least some of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and providing a method for automatic imaging correction of a display to find sub-pixel locations with varying performance and automatically correct them in an easy-to-operate manner. The method comprises the following steps: continuously displaying a reference image, determining a global average of imaging correction parameters of all sub-pixels of each color at a first sampling frequency within a predetermined time period, the imaging correction parameters varying for each color only according to gray scale variations of the sub-pixels, determining an individual average of the imaging correction parameters of each sub-pixel of each color at a second sampling frequency higher than the first sampling frequency within the time period, marking at least one sub-pixel as a performance variation sub-pixel if a difference between the individual average and the global average of the at least one sub-pixel exceeds a predetermined first reference threshold, determining a correction weighting factor according to a difference between the individual average and the global average within a next time period to correct gray scale of the performance variation sub-pixel, re-determining the global average of the imaging correction parameters of all sub-pixels of each color after correction and the individual average of the imaging correction parameters of each sub-pixel within the next time period And stopping the continuous display of the reference image only in the case that the difference between the individual average value and the global average value of each sub-pixel of each color after the correction does not exceed the first reference threshold.
The method can be automatically executed during the time when the display is idle, such as a screen saver, determines degraded sub-pixels affecting the uniformity of the display without affecting the use of the user, and improves the display effect without affecting the compatibility of hardware or driving software by compensating for them accordingly.
In some embodiments, in the case that the difference between the individual average value and the global average value of at least one sub-pixel exceeds a second reference threshold greater than the first reference threshold, the gray scales of the sub-pixels of the corresponding colors in the at least one sub-pixel and other pixels around the at least one sub-pixel are modified according to the modification weighting coefficients.
In some embodiments, continuously displaying the reference image includes periodically displaying a plurality of colors at a third frequency higher than the second frequency.
In some embodiments, the imaging correction parameter for each sub-pixel is defined as P ═ g + C1g3Where P is the imaging correction parameter, g is the gray scale value, C1Is a constant less than 1.
In some embodiments, the bit depth of at least one sub-pixel is changed if the difference of the individual average and the global average of the at least one sub-pixel exceeds a second reference threshold.
In some embodiments, the difference of the individual average and the global average for each sub-pixel over each time period is stored.
In some embodiments, in the event that the difference between the individual average and the global average for at least one sub-pixel exceeds a third reference threshold that is greater than the second reference threshold, the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average for the at least one sub-pixel is compared to the difference between the currently determined individual average and the global average.
In some embodiments, the correction weighting factor is determined from the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average when the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average and the currently determined individual average and the global average differs by more than a predetermined upper error limit.
In some embodiments, the correction weighting factor is determined from the difference between the currently determined individual average and the global average when the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average and the currently determined individual average and the global average is less than or equal to a predetermined upper error limit.
In some embodiments, the modified weighting factor is proportional to d ln (| d |), where d is the difference between the individual mean and the global mean.
The above-described embodiments of the present disclosure help provide an easy-to-use and low-cost display imaging correction method that can locate a degraded sub-pixel in an efficient manner and mitigate the effects of the performance degradation by performing a weighted correction compensation that is optimal under different circumstances on the gray scale of the sub-pixel of the degraded sub-pixel and its surrounding pixels.
Drawings
The present disclosure provides drawings to illustrate some non-limiting examples in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure, and not to be construed as limiting in any way.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a sub-pixel structure within a pixel.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of method steps according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The terms first, second, third, upper, lower, left, right, and the like do not limit the particular positions of the elements, nor do they define any direction or order of limitations. The preferred embodiments disclosed herein are to facilitate understanding only by those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, which includes various equivalent or alternative embodiments under the principles of the disclosed embodiments and what those skilled in the art can readily infer from the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, each pixel of a prior art display generally includes at least one red subpixel 10, at least one blue subpixel 11, and at least one green subpixel 12. The three color sub-pixels as a whole form a color pixel. Because of the small size of the pixels, a user viewing the display at a distance would not be able to discern the sub-pixels within the pixel, but would only see one bright spot. The RGB sub-pixels within a pixel may each have different luminance or gray levels so that the user sees different colors. For example, a user will see black when the three color grayscale values are all 0, and will see white when the three color grayscale values are all maximum (e.g., 255). Since the number of pixels may be millions or even more, it is difficult to avoid variation of parameters such as brightness, contrast, saturation, etc. of some of the pixels and sub-pixels during production or use. This will appear as noise in the image viewed by the human eye in significant contrast to other parts, thereby affecting the user experience.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for automatically correcting the display imaging for this case first continuously displays the reference image in step S101. One color or a plurality of different colors may be displayed periodically at a certain refresh frequency. Preferably, this allows the three colors red, green and blue to be displayed in sequence while the screen saver image is being displayed. Further, it is also possible to simply display a color other than three colors of red, green, and blue, for example, white, when displaying the screen saver image.
In step S102, the gray values of all the sub-pixels of each color are determined at a first sampling frequency. And respectively reading and storing the gray values of the three sub-pixels of the RBG for all the pixels on the screen. The first sampling frequency should be lower than the refresh frequency of the display displaying the reference image. For example, when a reference image of a certain color is displayed on a display at a frequency of 20Hz, the first sampling frequency may be defined as 2 Hz. Subsequently, an imaging correction parameter is calculated for the gray value of each sub-pixel, preferably P ═ g + C1g3Where P is the imaging correction parameter, g is the sub-pixel gray value or the difference between the sub-pixel gray value and the common reference gray value, C1Is a constant less than 1 and may be negative, but not zero. C1There may be different values for different color sub-pixels. The imaging modification parameters described above can provide relatively balanced modification accuracy and detection sensitivity. One skilled in the art may define modified imaging modification parameters to conform to different types of characteristics depending on the type of display and pixels, etc. For example, P ═ (G-G) + C may be defined1(g-G)3Where G is the reference gray value of the color sub-pixel defined in the reference image, P-G + C may also be defined for a display that is used for a longer time1ln (g) to better conform to the function relationship of the gray scale and the use times. In a predetermined auto-correction period, assume that a color is sampled N times (N) at a first sampling frequency>1) The imaging correction parameters for each sub-pixel calculated in the N samples are added and divided by N and the number of sub-pixels to calculate a global average of the sub-pixel imaging correction parameters. The value of the global average varies due to the large number of sub-pixelsNot large, so that an excessively high first sampling frequency is not required.
In step S103, in the same auto-correction period, the respective gray scale value of each sub-pixel of each color is determined at a second sampling frequency higher than the first sampling frequency and lower than the refresh frequency of the display displaying the reference image. The sampling frames when sampling at the second sampling frequency are preferably staggered from the sampling frames when sampling at the first sampling frequency to reduce the effect of errors. Because sub-pixels with varying performance need to be found, sampling at a higher frequency, e.g. 10Hz, is required. Assuming that a color is sampled M times (M > N >1) at a second sampling frequency during the auto-correction period, the gray values of each sub-pixel calculated in the M samples are added and divided by M to obtain the individual average values of the imaging correction parameters for each sub-pixel of the color.
In step S104, if the difference between the global average and the global average of at least one sub-pixel exceeds a predetermined first reference threshold, the at least one sub-pixel is marked as a performance variation sub-pixel according to the global average and the individual average calculated in the above steps. The first reference threshold may be defined as a predetermined percentage of the imaging correction parameter, and if the difference reaches 20% of the global average, it indicates that the difference is significant to the naked eye and a correction is required. The performance variation sub-pixels of each color may be located at different positions, and only one sub-pixel in some pixels may have performance variation, while multiple sub-pixels in other pixels may have performance variation.
In step S105, in the next auto-correction period after the above auto-correction period, a correction weighting coefficient is determined for the gradations of all the performance-change sub-pixels based on the difference between the individual average value and the global average value calculated in the previous auto-correction period to perform correction. Preferably, since the reduction in the gradation of the sub-pixel due to aging or the like approximately follows a logarithmic curve with the number of times of use, the correction weighting coefficient may be made proportional to C2d ln (| d |), where d is the individual average value and the global average value in the last automatic correction period calculated in the above stepDifference in value, and C2Is a constant. d may be a positive or negative number, and the modification according to the modification weight coefficient may include addition, subtraction, or the like to the modification weight coefficient, or may include normalization of the modification weight coefficient and subsequent multiplication.
In step S106, in the next automatic correction period, the global average of the imaging correction parameters of all the sub-pixels of each color and the individual average of the imaging correction parameters of each sub-pixel after correction according to the correction weighting system are also newly determined. The calculation method for re-determining the global average and the individual average is consistent with the calculation scheme used in the calculation in the last automatic correction period. And stopping the continuous display of the reference image only under the condition that the difference between the corrected individual average value and the global average value of each sub-pixel of each color does not exceed the first reference threshold determined in the last automatic correction period, namely successfully completing the automatic correction without entering the next period. And if the difference is still larger than the first reference threshold value, continuing to display the reference image, and correcting again in the next automatic correction period until all the sub-pixels of all the colors are corrected.
In the case where the quality of a pixel is deteriorated more severely, which results in a strong contrast with surrounding pixels, or the pixel has become a dead spot such as a bright spot or a dark spot, only the correction of the pixel is still found by the user. At this time, a second reference threshold, which is larger than the first reference threshold, is set, indicating that additional correction is required when the difference between the individual average value of the sub-pixels and the global evaluation value exceeds the second reference threshold. Therefore, the gray scales of the sub-pixel of the corresponding color in the sub-pixel and the other pixels around the sub-pixel are all corrected according to the correction weighting coefficient. The surrounding plurality of pixels may be a circle of adjacent pixels surrounding the pixel in which the sub-pixel is located. The contrast of the performance change sub-pixel on the screen can be reduced by correcting the surrounding pixels, and the user experience is improved. Furthermore, the bit depth of the sub-pixel is optionally changed, for example, from 8 bits to 16 bits, so as to improve the accuracy of the automatic correction.
Since the performance of the pixel generally does not change greatly during each automatic correction, in order to save computer resources, the difference between the imaging correction parameter and the individual average value and the global average value may not be recalculated in each automatic correction period, but the difference between the individual average value and the global average value of each sub-pixel in the previous time period may be stored. At this time, a third reference threshold greater than the second reference threshold is set, which corresponds to the case where the difference between the individual average and the global average has even exceeded the dead pixel, which is generally error data caused by measurement error or calculation error, and cannot be automatically corrected based on this error. Since the current automatic correction period is finished and the measurement cannot be performed again, the calculation needs to be performed according to the difference between the stored individual average value and the global average value in the last automatic correction period. An upper error limit is further set on the basis of a third reference threshold, e.g. 20%, if the difference between the currently calculated individual average and the global average for a sub-pixel exceeds the third reference threshold, the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average for that sub-pixel is further compared with the difference between the currently determined individual average and the global average to determine whether to consider it as an error. When the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average and the difference between the currently determined individual average and the global average is greater than the predetermined above-mentioned upper error limit, a correction weighting coefficient is determined based on the difference between the previously stored individual average and the global average instead of the difference between the currently calculated individual average and the global average, thereby avoiding erroneous correction.
The foregoing is illustrative of only exemplary embodiments within the principles and scope of the invention, and other equivalent embodiments, which will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure herein, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for performing automatic imaging correction of a display, comprising the steps of:
continuously displaying the reference image;
determining a global average value of imaging correction parameters of all sub-pixels of each color at a first sampling frequency within a predetermined time period, the imaging correction parameters varying for each color only according to gray scale variation of the sub-pixels;
determining an individual average of the imaging modification parameter for each sub-pixel for each color at a second sampling frequency higher than the first sampling frequency over the time period;
marking at least one sub-pixel as a performance variation sub-pixel if a difference of the individual average and the global average of the at least one sub-pixel exceeds a predetermined first reference threshold;
determining a correction weighting coefficient according to the difference between the individual average value and the global average value in the next time period, and correcting the gray scale of the performance change sub-pixel by using the correction weighting coefficient;
re-determining the global average of the imaging correction parameter for all sub-pixels of each color after correction and the individual average of the imaging correction parameter for each sub-pixel during the next said time period; and
stopping the continuous display of a reference image only if none of the differences of the individual average and the global average for each sub-pixel of each color after modification exceeds the first reference threshold.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising modifying the gradations of the sub-pixels of the corresponding colors in the at least one sub-pixel and the other plurality of pixels around the pixel where the at least one sub-pixel is located, in a case where a difference between the individual average value and the global average value of the at least one sub-pixel exceeds a second reference threshold that is larger than the first reference threshold, in accordance with the modification weighting coefficient.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein continuously displaying the reference image comprises periodically displaying a plurality of colors at a third frequency higher than the second sampling frequency.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the imaging modification parameters for each sub-pixel are defined as:
P＝g+C1g3where P is the imaging correction parameter, g is the gray scale value, C1Is a constant less than 1 and not zero.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising changing a bit depth of at least one sub-pixel if a difference of the individual average and the global average for the at least one sub-pixel exceeds the second reference threshold.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising storing a difference of the individual average and the global average for each sub-pixel for each of the time periods.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising comparing a difference between the individual average and the global average previously stored for at least one sub-pixel with a currently determined difference between the individual average and the global average if the difference between the individual average and the global average for the at least one sub-pixel exceeds a third reference threshold that is greater than the second reference threshold.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the correction weighting factor is determined from a previously stored difference between the individual average and the global average when the difference between the previously stored difference and the global average and a currently determined difference between the individual average and the global average is greater than a predetermined upper error limit.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the correction weighting factor is determined from a currently determined difference between the individual average and the global average when a difference between a previously stored difference between the individual average and the global average and a currently determined difference between the individual average and the global average is less than or equal to a predetermined upper error limit.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the modified weighting factor is proportional to dln (d), where d is the difference between the individual average and the global average.
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