CN107782663A - Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method - Google Patents
Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107782663A CN107782663A CN201711204763.8A CN201711204763A CN107782663A CN 107782663 A CN107782663 A CN 107782663A CN 201711204763 A CN201711204763 A CN 201711204763A CN 107782663 A CN107782663 A CN 107782663A
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Abstract
Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method the invention discloses a kind of, above-mentioned experimental provision includes the adjustable limiting platform, mobile platform, fixed limiting platform set gradually from top to bottom；Also include connecting tube, lucite box, spring conductor rod, spring, vacuole position control-rod, measurement sensor, adjustable limiting platform support bar, adjusting screw rod, regulation clamper, stopping means and trigger device.Above-mentioned to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method, its is reasonable in design, easy to operate, truly realizes convenient and practical vacuole simulated experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cavitation field of experiment equipment, more particularly to a kind of easy-to-use controllable vacuole visualized experiment is facilitated to fill
Put and experimental method.
Background technology
It is well known that cavitation is a kind of phenomenon that a kind of liquid local pressure is less than phase transformation after its saturated vapor pressure, wherein
The basic component units of cavitation are vacuoles.
All the time, the dynamic (dynamical) influence of the dynamic behavior of vacuole and different factors on vacuole is all researcher
Emphasis, therefore the vacuole for needing generation number, size, position controllable in laboratory is studied.
At present, the experimental provision of vacuole is produced mainly by skills such as focusing ultrasonic wave, spark discharge and Laser Focusings
Art produces vacuole.Existing experimental provision mainly produces vacuole by focusing ultrasonic wave, spark discharge and Laser Focusing.
Introduction detailed once is done to three kinds of traditional experimental provisions below：
Wherein, focusing ultrasonic wave needs to use acoustic-electrical transducer to produce, past although some position can be focused on
Toward the operation action for inducing vacuole group, producing vacuole number can not control very well, and required transducer is expensive.
Wherein, spark discharge is needed using high-field electrode breakdown liquid, and vacuole position, size, number are controllable, due to having
Local energy is inputted, and vacuole is compared with the vacuole occurred in practical engineering application caused by spark discharge, Bubble dynamics row
For only some is similar, and electrode has been invaded inside vacuole, easily causes vacuole deformation.
Wherein, Laser Focusing is to utilize high energy pulse Laser Focusing, and local energy input breakdown liquid produces vacuole, vacuole
Position, size, number are controllable, and this method is that non-intrusion type induces vacuole, and vacuole will not deform, but and spark discharge
Generation vacuole is similar, and the dynamic behavior only part of its vacuole is similar with the vacuole occurred in practical engineering application, in addition, swashing
Light, which focuses on generation vacuole, needs pulse laser, expensive, and debugging maintenance cost is high.It will be apparent that of the prior art conventional three
The technological deficiency of different aspect all be present in kind experimental provision；
To sum up, how to overcome the above-mentioned technological deficiency of such experimental provision in the prior art, design it is a it is convenient and practical,
Vacuole is controllable, the experimental provision of simple structure, is the technical problem that those skilled in the art are badly in need of solving.
The content of the invention
Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, with
Solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus present invention also offers a kind of, including set successively from top to bottom
Adjustable limiting platform, mobile platform, the fixed limiting platform put；
It is described to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus also to include connecting tube, lucite box, spring guiding
Bar, spring, vacuole position control-rod, measurement sensor, adjustable limiting platform support bar, adjusting screw rod, regulation clamper, limit
Position device and trigger device；
The fixed limiting platform is connected by the adjustable limiting platform support bar with the adjustable limiting platform；
The bottom of the adjustable limiting platform support bar is fixedly connected with the fixed limiting platform, the adjustable limiting platform branch
The top of strut is fixedly connected with the adjustable limiting platform；
The mobile platform passes through the spring conductor rod and the removable connection of the fixed limiting platform；The regulation spiral shell
Bar is arranged on the top of the mobile platform；The adjusting screw rod is used for relatively described adjustable spacing flat to the mobile platform
Movement is adjusted in platform distance；
The stopping means is set between the adjustable limiting platform and the mobile platform；The stopping means is used for
When performing locking, position carries out limitation locking action after being moved to the mobile platform；The stopping means is additionally operable to releasing
During locking, lock out action carries out releasing action after being moved to the mobile platform；
The connecting tube sequentially passes through the mobile platform and the lucite box from top to bottom；The top of the connecting tube
End is connected with the mobile platform, and the bottom of the connecting tube connects and sealed with the lucite box, and the measurement passes
Sensor is connected and sealed with the lucite box；
The top of vacuole position control-rod is fixed by the regulation clamper with the adjustable limiting platform to be connected
Connect, the bottom of vacuole position control-rod stretches into the lucite box and spacer be present with the lucite cassette bottom portion
From；The bottom of vacuole position control-rod is provided with pit.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The quantity of the spring conductor rod is specially four, and the spring
Quantity is also specially four；Each spring, which corresponds, to be socketed on the spring conductor rod；And four springs
Guide rod is spaced apart at the bottom surrounding for being arranged on the mobile platform.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The bottom of the mobile platform is additionally provided with four through holes；The movement
Four through holes of platform distinguish four spring conductor rod position correspondences.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The quantity for stating adjustable limiting platform support bar is specially four；Four
The adjustable limiting platform support bar, which is respectively separated, to be arranged at the bottom surrounding of the fixed limiting platform.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The quantity of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod is
One or multiple.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；Multiple pits are evenly distributed to be arranged on the vacuole position control
The bottom of bar.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod is shaped as
Spherical cambered surface shape.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The depth gauge rule of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod
The very little diameter dimension with vacuole position control-rod is adapted.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers a kind of experimental method, easy-to-use controllable vacuole is facilitated to visualize in fact using described
Experiment device, including following operating procedure；
Step 1：According to experiment needs, adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform distance parameter are set, and
Distance regulation and lock operation are performed according to the setpoint distance：It is spacing to adjustable limiting platform and fixation according to experiment needs
Platform distance parameter set and then operates adjustable limiting platform and slided along the adjustable limiting platform support bar direction
Move and determine the distance between fixed limiting platform, adjustable limiting platform is fixed at the distance and position, then by profit
Pretension is realized with four springs；
Step 2：According to experiment needs, the pit of design vacuole position control-rod, and it is filled with appropriate amount of fluid working medium：According to reality
Needs are tested, pit is processed to the bottom of vacuole position control-rod；Vacuole position control-rod is taken out, by appropriate amount of fluid work
Matter is filled with the lucite box and the connecting tube, and vacuole position control-rod is put back to and suitably adjusts the vacuole
The distance between the bottom of position control-rod and the lucite cassette bottom portion, by the clamper that adjusts by the vacuole position
Put control-rod and perform fixed operation；
Step 3：Perform pressure and hit warming-up exercise：According to experiment needs, by rotating adjusting screw rod, by mobile platform,
Connecting tube, lucite box, measurement sensor move down certain distance, and are stuck in the stopping means described adjustable spacing flat
Between platform and the mobile platform, now four springs are compressed by certain distance again；
Step 4：Perform and hit cavitation action：The stopping means is unclamped, now four springs will recover original length, will
Mobile platform, connecting tube, lucite box, measurement sensor moment push up；Can described in being struck when the mobile platform
When adjusting limiting platform, it will automatically turn on the trigger device and measure, and it is recessed in the bottom of vacuole position control-rod
Hole produces a vacuole.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；In the step 2：It is described according to experiment needs, to the vacuole position
The bottom processing pit of control-rod is put, is specifically comprised the following steps：
A pit or multiple pits are processed in the bottom of several vacuole position control-rods；And the vacuole position
The dimple size, number, position for putting control-rod bottom are different；
According to experiment needs, select one and meet the dimple size, number, the vacuole position control that position needs
Bar processed, carry out follow-up experiment.
Compared with prior art, this have the advantage that：
It is provided by the invention a kind of to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method：Analyze above-mentioned side
The easy main contents with controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method are understood：
First aspect：The invention provides facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus；The party is easy with controllable
Vacuole visual experimental apparatus, its mainly by adjustable limiting platform, mobile platform, fixed limiting platform and connecting tube,
Lucite box, spring conductor rod, spring, vacuole position control-rod, measurement sensor, adjustable limiting platform support bar, tune
The structures such as screw rod, regulation clamper, stopping means and trigger device are saved to form；
Wherein, the fixed limiting platform passes through the adjustable limiting platform support bar and the adjustable limiting platform
Connection；The bottom of the adjustable limiting platform support bar is fixedly connected with the fixed limiting platform, described adjustable spacing
The top of table support bar is fixedly connected with the adjustable limiting platform；
The mobile platform passes through the spring conductor rod and the removable connection of the fixed limiting platform；The regulation spiral shell
Bar is arranged on the top of the mobile platform；The adjusting screw rod is used for relatively described adjustable spacing flat to the mobile platform
Movement is adjusted in platform distance；
The stopping means is set between the adjustable limiting platform and the mobile platform；The stopping means is used for
When performing locking, position carries out limitation locking action after being moved to the mobile platform；The stopping means is additionally operable to releasing
During locking, lock out action carries out releasing action after being moved to the mobile platform；
The connecting tube sequentially passes through the mobile platform and the lucite box from top to bottom；The top of the connecting tube
End is connected with the mobile platform, and the bottom of the connecting tube connects and sealed with the lucite box, and the measurement passes
Sensor is connected and sealed with the lucite box；
The top of vacuole position control-rod is fixed by the regulation clamper with the adjustable limiting platform to be connected
Connect, the bottom of vacuole position control-rod stretches into the lucite box and spacer be present with the lucite cassette bottom portion
From；The bottom of vacuole position control-rod is provided with pit.
The easy controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus of the above-mentioned party, employs brand-new structure design.It is accurate in experiment
Before standby, adjustable limiting platform is set with fixed limiting platform distance parameter (to adjustable spacing flat according to experiment needs
Platform is adjusted with fixed limiting platform distance)；It is filled with liquid working substance type；By adjusting screw rod implement downward compression away from
From etc.；
Meanwhile the above-mentioned party it is easy with controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus be it is a kind of pass through to press hit triggering vacuole
Analogue experiment installation：The top of the mobile platform and connecting tube connects, and the bottom of connecting tube connects and close with lucite box
Envelope, measurement sensor connect sealing with lucite box；By adjusting screw rod to the relatively described adjustable limit of the mobile platform
Movement is adjusted in bit platform distance, and (i.e. pressure movement downwards, when mobile platform moves down, four spring conductor rods can be from shifting
Passed through in moving platform)；Spacing and unblock is realized by stopping means；Then after its unblock, institute is struck by mobile platform
When stating adjustable limiting platform, it will automatically turn on the trigger device and measure, and at the bottom of vacuole position control-rod
Portion's pit produces a vacuole and (a small-sized pit is machined in the bottom of vacuole position control-rod in addition, for true
Determine vacuole position and original dimension.)
It will be apparent that when mobile platform strikes adjustable limiting platform, moment will cause vacuole position control-rod bottom
Portion's pit produces cavitation phenomena；Meanwhile above-mentioned experimental provision vacuole is controllable；Illustrate：Because the experimental provision can be adjusted
The distance of mobile platform and adjustable limiting platform, can also adjust between adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform away from
From, therefore the amplitude that tensile wave is produced in water can be adjusted；In addition, vacuole position control-rod base wells size, number, position
Putting to be adjusted.So as to pass through the different adjustment of above-mentioned parameter, thus it is possible to vary the primary condition of vacuole generation, can also
Control size, position, the number of vacuole.It should be noted that above-mentioned change experiment condition can influence the generation of vacuole, to this
The present invention no longer repeats one by one.Above-mentioned experimental provision, it is more convenient to operate, and fast, goes for various working,
Plurality of liquid implements experiment, while cavitation phenomena producing method is more direct, and faster, more practical, person easy to operation more preferably understands
Cavitation phenomena.
Second aspect：Present invention also offers a kind of experimental method, and it facilitates easy-to-use controllable vacuole to visualize with above-mentioned
Based on experimental provision, the corresponding experimental implementation of realization；
Before Preparatory work of experiment, adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform distance parameter are set according to experiment needs
(being adjusted to adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform distance)；It is filled with liquid working substance type；It is real by adjusting screw rod
Distance of downward compression applied etc.；
According to experiment needs, pit is processed to the bottom of vacuole position control-rod；Liquid working substance is filled with, described in regulation
The distance between the bottom of vacuole position control-rod and the lucite cassette bottom portion, by the clamper that adjusts by the sky
Steep position control-rod and perform fixed operation；
Then perform pressure and hit warming-up exercise and perform and hit cavitation action：I.e. according to experiment needs, pass through rotation
Adjusting screw rod, mobile platform, connecting tube, lucite box, measurement sensor are moved down into certain distance, and with the stopping means
It is stuck between the adjustable limiting platform and the mobile platform, now four springs are compressed by certain distance again；
The stopping means is unclamped, now four springs will recover original length, by mobile platform, connecting tube, lucite box, survey
Quantity sensor moment pushes up；When the mobile platform strikes the adjustable limiting platform, will automatically turn on described
Trigger device measures, and produces a vacuole in the base wells of vacuole position control-rod.
It will be apparent that experimental method involved in the present invention, it belongs to a kind of brand-new vacuole producing method, and it really does
Arrive simple and practical, vacuole producing method is controllable, and operating method has originality and technology perspective, is carried for cavitation phenomena
More fully reliable experiment method is supplied.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in embodiment or description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention one provide facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus main before pressure
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 facilitates easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus main after the application of the overpressure for what the embodiment of the present invention one provided
Structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the part for facilitating easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus that Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention one provides
Mplifying structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for the experimental method that the embodiment of the present invention two provides.
Label：1- connecting tubes；2- lucite boxes；3- mobile platforms；4- can adjust limiting platform；5- fixes spacing flat
Platform；6- spring conductor rods；7- springs；8- vacuoles position control-rod；9- measurement sensors；10- can adjust limiting platform support bar；
11- adjusting screw rods；12- adjusts clamper.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, the orientation of some instructions or the word of position relationship, its be only for
It is easy to the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or implies that signified device or element there must be specific side
Position, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to which explanation, " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected,
Can also be detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together,
It can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For one of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
The present invention is described in further detail below by specific examples of the implementation and with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention one, which provides, a kind of facilitates easy-to-use controllable vacuole visualized experiment to fill
Put, including adjustable limiting platform 4, mobile platform 3, the fixed limiting platform 5 set gradually from top to bottom；
It is described to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus also to be led including connecting tube 1, lucite box 2, spring
To bar 6, spring 7, vacuole position control-rod 8, measurement sensor 9, adjustable limiting platform support bar 10, adjusting screw rod 11, tune
Save clamper 12, stopping means (being not drawn into figure) and trigger device；
The fixed limiting platform 5 passes through the adjustable limiting platform support bar 10 and the adjustable limiting platform 4
Connection；The bottom of the adjustable limiting platform support bar 10 is fixedly connected with the fixed limiting platform 5, the adjustable limit
The top of bit platform support bar 10 is fixedly connected with the adjustable limiting platform 4；
The mobile platform 3 passes through the spring conductor rod 6 and the removable connection of the fixed limiting platform 5；The tune
Section screw rod 11 is arranged on the top of the mobile platform 3；The adjusting screw rod 11 be used for it is relatively described to the mobile platform 3 can
Movement is adjusted in the adjustment distance of limiting platform 4；
The stopping means is set between the adjustable limiting platform 4 and the mobile platform 3；The stopping means is used
When locking is performed, position carries out limitation locking action after being moved to the mobile platform 3；The stopping means is additionally operable to solving
During except locking, lock out action carries out releasing action after being moved to the mobile platform 3；
The connecting tube 1 sequentially passes through the mobile platform 3 and the lucite box 2 from top to bottom；The connecting tube 1
Top be connected with the mobile platform 3, the bottom of the connecting tube 1 connects and sealed with the lucite box 2, and described
Measurement sensor 9 is connected and sealed with the lucite box 2；
The top of vacuole position control-rod 8 is solid by the regulation clamper 12 and the adjustable limiting platform 4
Fixed connection, the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8 is stretched into the lucite box 2 and deposited with the bottom of lucite box 2
In spacing distance, (lucite box 2 is transparent configuration, and purpose of design is to realize visualization, and person easy to operation preferably observes reality
Test phenomenon)；The bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8 is provided with pit；It is above-mentioned to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visualized experiment
The partial enlargement structural representation of device, reference can be made to Fig. 3.
Facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus involved by the embodiment of the present invention；As shown in Figure 1.Experiment dress
The critical piece put has connecting tube 1, lucite box 2, mobile platform 3, adjustable limiting platform 4, fixed limiting platform 5, four
9, four individual 6, four springs 7 of spring conductor rod, vacuole position control-rod 8, measurement sensor adjustable limiting platform support bars
10th, adjusting screw rod 11, regulation clamper 12, stopping means (not shown) and trigger device (not shown).Wherein move
Moving platform 3 is connected with the top of connecting tube 1, and the bottom of connecting tube 1 and lucite box 2 are connected and sealed, the He of measurement sensor 9
The connection sealing of lucite box 2；Connected between four bottoms of spring conductor rod 6 and fixed limiting platform 5, and in mobile platform
3 have opened through hole in the correspondence positions of four spring conductor rods 6.When mobile platform moves down, four spring conductor rods 6 can be from shifting
Passed through in moving platform 3.Then after the unblock of its stopping means, the adjustable limiting platform 4 is struck by mobile platform 3
When, will automatically turn on the trigger device and measure, and vacuole position control-rod 8 base wells produce one or
(in vacuole position, the bottom of control-rod 8 machined a small-sized pit and produced for vacuole multiple vacuoles.) above-mentioned reality
Experiment device, it is more convenient to operate, while cavitation phenomena producing method is more direct, and faster, more practical, person easy to operation is more
Understand cavitation phenomena well.
It should be added that vacuole (Cavity) is that occur on the basis of liquid medium is by progressive failure
, it is the result that pressure reduces.In other words, when certain point pressure is reduced to below some critical pressure in liquid, liquid occurs
Vaporization, it is microcosmic before this, then turn into the minute bubbles of macroscopic view, thereafter on the interface of liquid internal or liquid and solid, converge
Close the cavity for forming larger steam and gas, referred to as vacuole.The Emergence and Development of vacuole is referred to as cavitation phenomenon with the process of crumbling and fall
(Cavitation Phenomenon).Vacuole refers to that a part of pressure is down to caused bubble below water saturation vapour pressure, this
What a little bubbles were made up of steam and some gases being dissolved in the water.Gas core (micro-bubble) and pressure in liquid be present reduces
It is two necessary conditions that cavitation occurs.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, when mobile platform 3 strikes adjustable limiting platform 4, moment will cause vacuole
The base wells of position control-rod 8 produce cavitation phenomena；Meanwhile above-mentioned experimental provision vacuole is controllable；Illustrate：Due to the experiment
Device can adjust the distance of mobile platform 3 and adjustable limiting platform 4, can also adjust adjustable limiting platform 4 and fix
The distance between limiting platform 5, therefore the amplitude that tensile wave is produced in water can be adjusted；The bottom of control-rod 8 in vacuole position
Portion machined a small-sized pit, for determining vacuole position and original dimension.Vacuole position 8 bottoms of control-rod are recessed
Hole size, number, position can also be adjusted.So as to pass through the different adjustment of above-mentioned parameter, thus it is possible to vary vacuole generation
Primary condition, size, position, the number of vacuole can also be controlled.It will be apparent that above-mentioned change experiment condition can influence vacuole
Produce, this embodiment of the present invention is no longer repeated one by one.
Below to the concrete structure provided by the invention for facilitating easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and specific
Technique effect, which is done, to be described in detail：
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the quantity of the spring conductor rod 6 is specially four, and the quantity of the spring 7 is also specially
Four；Each spring 7, which corresponds, to be socketed on the spring conductor rod 6；
And four spring conductor rods 6 are spaced apart and are arranged at the bottom surrounding of the mobile platform 3.
It should be noted that in the above-mentioned concrete structure for facilitating easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus, the bullet
The quantity of spring guide rod 6 can be multiple, but it is most preferably four in preferable scheme, at the same time, the number of spring 7
Amount is also specially four；Each spring 7, which corresponds, to be socketed on the spring conductor rod 6；Spring 7 is mainly in limitation locking
Shi Shixian compression deformation, and recover after unblock that deformation promotes mobile platform 3 quick mobile upwards and finally strike immediately can
Adjust limiting platform 4.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the bottom of the mobile platform 3 is additionally provided with four through holes；Four of the mobile platform 3 are logical
Distinguish four position correspondences of spring conductor rod 6 in hole.
It should be noted that the bottom of mobile platform 3 is additionally provided with four through holes；The main function of the through hole is easy for
After mobile platform 3 moves up, spring conductor rod 6 is allowed freely to pass through above-mentioned through hole.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the quantity of the adjustable limiting platform support bar 10 is specially four；Four described adjustable
Limiting platform support bar 10, which is respectively separated, to be arranged at the bottom surrounding of the fixed limiting platform 5.
It should be noted that in the above-mentioned concrete structure for facilitating easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus, four
Adjustable limiting platform support bar 10, which is respectively separated, is arranged at the bottom surrounding of the fixed limiting platform 5 (i.e. adjustable limit
The bottom of bit platform support bar 10 is fixed with fixed limiting platform 5, can adjust its top of limiting platform support bar 10 with it is adjustable
Whole limiting platform 4 is fixed), the design of above-mentioned position relationship can more preferably ensure adjustable limiting platform support bar 10 to adjustable
Limiting platform 4 forms solid and reliable supporting role.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The quantity of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8 is
One or multiple.The evenly distributed bottom for being arranged on vacuole position control-rod 8 of multiple pits.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8 is shaped as
Spherical cambered surface shape.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；The depth gauge rule of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8
The very little diameter dimension with vacuole position control-rod 8 is adapted.
It should be noted that the base wells size of vacuole position control-rod 8, number, position can also be adjusted.From
And the different adjustment for passing through above-mentioned parameter, thus it is possible to vary the primary condition of vacuole generation, size, the position of vacuole can also be controlled
Put, number.In addition, the pit shape removes spherical cambered surface shape, other shapes can also be selected, to this embodiment of the present invention
No longer repeat one by one.
Experimental method provided by the invention is described in detail below：
Referring to Fig. 4, correspondingly, the invention provides a kind of experimental method, is visualized using easy-to-use controllable vacuole is facilitated
Experimental provision (referring also to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), comprises the following steps：
Step 1：According to experiment needs, adjustable limiting platform 4 and the fixed distance parameter of limiting platform 5 are set,
And distance regulation and lock operation are performed according to the setpoint distance：According to experiment needs, adjustable limiting platform 4 is limited with fixed
The distance parameter of bit platform 5 set and then operates adjustable limiting platform 4 along the adjustable limiting platform support bar 10
Direction is slided and determines the distance between fixed limiting platform 5, and adjustable limiting platform 4 is fixed at the distance and position,
Then pretension will be realized using four springs 7；
Step 2：According to experiment needs, the pit of design vacuole position control-rod 8, and it is filled with appropriate amount of fluid working medium：According to
Experiment is needed, and pit is processed to the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8；Take out the vacuole position control that pit is reserved in bottom
Bar 8 processed, by appropriate amount of fluid working medium (such as：Water) it is filled with the lucite box 2 and the connecting tube 1, by the vacuole position
Put control-rod 8 put back to and suitably adjust between the bottom of vacuole position control-rod 8 and the bottom of lucite box 2 away from
From, by it is described regulation clamper 12 vacuole position control-rod 8 is performed into fixed operation；
Step 3：Perform pressure and hit warming-up exercise：According to experiment needs, by rotating adjusting screw rod 11, by mobile platform
3rd, connecting tube 1, lucite box 2, measurement sensor 9 move down certain distance, and are stuck in described can adjust with the stopping means
Between limiting platform 4 and the mobile platform 3, now four springs 7 are compressed by certain distance again；
Step 4：Perform and hit cavitation action：The stopping means is unclamped, now four springs 7 will recover original length,
Mobile platform 3, connecting tube 1, lucite box 2, the moment of measurement sensor 9 are pushed up；When the mobile platform 3 strikes
During the adjustable limiting platform 4, it will automatically turn on the trigger device and measure, and in vacuole position control-rod 8
Base wells produce a vacuole.
Above-mentioned test method is analyzed to understand：The principle of the experiment is hitting by mobile platform 3 and adjustable limiting platform 4
Hit, tensile wave (amplitude is less than saturated vapor pressure) is produced in water, the bottom that vacuole position control-rod 8 is traveled to when tensile wave is recessed
During hole, vacuole is produced.The technical scheme is that vacuole is directly directly produced by tension force wave impact using liquid, the physics
Direct occurring mode is more direct compared to other experiment methods, and it is more true controllable that phenomenon occurs.
It will be apparent that it should be noted that because the experimental provision can adjust mobile platform 3 and adjustable limiting platform 4
Distance, the distance between adjustable limiting platform 4 and fixed limiting platform 5 can also be adjusted, therefore can adjust in water
Produce the amplitude of tensile wave；In addition, the base wells size of vacuole position control-rod 8, number, position can also be adjusted.From
And the different adjustment for passing through above-mentioned parameter, thus it is possible to vary the primary condition of vacuole generation, size, the position of vacuole can also be controlled
Put, number.In addition, the dynamic behavior of vacuole caused by the experimental provision and the basic phase of the vacuole occurred in practical engineering application
Seemingly, and without the very big local energy of introducing, therefore it is highly suitable as studying the heat nearby of the vacuole in practical engineering application
The experimental provision of exchange.
Meanwhile the experimental provision is simple in construction, ensureing outside the controllable vacuole of generation size, position, number, further
Realize similar to the dynamic behavior of the vacuole in practical engineering application, and the component costs used are relatively low, good economy performance,
It is convenient to expand other functions for different goals in research.
Preferably, can embodiment as one kind；In the step 2：It is described according to experiment needs, to the vacuole position
The bottom processing pit of control-rod 8 is put, is specifically comprised the following steps：
A pit or multiple pits are processed in the bottom of several vacuole position control-rods 8；And the vacuole
The dimple size of the bottom of position control-rod 8, number, position are different；According to experiment needs, select one meet it is described
Dimple size, number, the vacuole position control-rod 8 that position needs, carry out follow-up experiment.
It should be noted that the vacuole position control-rod 8 by selecting different situation pits, so as to it is above-mentioned not
Same parameter is tested, and so can directly changes the primary condition of vacuole generation, and then controls and obtain different skies
Size, position, the number of bubble；The controllable simulated experiment of different vacuoles can be realized by the experiment.
In addition, in simulated experiment, influence vacuole and produce the initial experiment condition to be formed also to include；Adjustable limiting platform
4 with the fixed distance parameter of limiting platform 5 (such as：Adjustable limiting platform 4 and the fixed distance of limiting platform 5, can be according to experiment
Need carry out parameter setting), be filled with liquid working substance type；Distance of downward compression implemented by adjusting screw rod 11 etc., even
It is coefficient of elasticity of spring 7 etc.；These can all influence the generation of vacuole experiment；So above-mentioned data can be according to experiment needs
It is adjusted and changes, this embodiment of the present invention is no longer repeated one by one；
It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method at least to have
The technical advantage of following aspect：
First, provided in an embodiment of the present invention to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus, its is simple in construction, design
Rationally, the vacuole producing method of brand-new punching press impacting type is employed；The experimental provision truly constructs from device simultaneously
On realize the controllable and Parameters variations of a variety of conditions, and the vacuole for finally influenceing to simulate under different condition produces；Above-mentioned reality
Experiment device, it is more convenient to operate, vacuole producing method more directly (no local energy input, the power of producible vacuole
Scholarship and moral conduct is substantially similar to the vacuole occurred in practical engineering application), and fast, go for various working, a variety of liquid
Body implements experiment, while it is visualized, the more preferable observation experiment phenomenon of person easy to operation.
2nd, it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus, its good economy performance, as a result
Brief practicality is designed, cost is low, and use is widely popularized suitable for each big-and-middle universities and colleges.
3rd, it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus and experimental method, in fact
It belongs to a kind of brand-new vacuole producing method to proved recipe method, and vacuole producing method is controllable, and operating method has originality and technology
It is perspective, provide more fully reliable experiment method for cavitation phenomena.
Many significant technical advantages, provided by the invention to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visualized experiment to fill based on more than
Put and experimental method will bring good market prospects and economic benefit.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus, it is characterised in that including what is set gradually from top to bottom
Adjustable limiting platform, mobile platform, fixed limiting platform；
It is described to facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus also to include connecting tube, lucite box, spring conductor rod, bullet
Spring, vacuole position control-rod, measurement sensor, adjustable limiting platform support bar, adjusting screw rod, regulation clamper, spacing dress
Put and trigger device；
The fixed limiting platform is connected by the adjustable limiting platform support bar with the adjustable limiting platform；It is described
The bottom of adjustable limiting platform support bar is fixedly connected with the fixed limiting platform, the adjustable limiting platform support bar
Top be fixedly connected with the adjustable limiting platform；
The mobile platform passes through the spring conductor rod and the removable connection of the fixed limiting platform；The adjusting screw rod is set
Put at the top of the mobile platform；The adjusting screw rod be used for the relatively described adjustable limiting platform of the mobile platform away from
From movement is adjusted；
The stopping means is set between the adjustable limiting platform and the mobile platform；The stopping means is used to perform
During locking, position carries out limitation locking action after being moved to the mobile platform；The stopping means is additionally operable to unlocking
When, lock out action carries out releasing action after being moved to the mobile platform；
The connecting tube sequentially passes through the mobile platform and the lucite box from top to bottom；The top of the connecting tube with
The mobile platform connection, the bottom of the connecting tube connects and sealed with the lucite box, and the measurement sensor
Connect and seal with the lucite box；
The top of vacuole position control-rod is fixedly connected by the regulation clamper with the adjustable limiting platform, institute
The bottom for stating vacuole position control-rod stretches into the lucite box and spacing distance be present with the lucite cassette bottom portion；Institute
The bottom for stating vacuole position control-rod is provided with pit.
2. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The quantity of the spring conductor rod is specially four, and the quantity of the spring is also specially four；Each spring
Correspond and be socketed on the spring conductor rod；And four spring conductor rods are spaced apart and are arranged on the movement and put down
At the bottom surrounding of platform.
3. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
The bottom of the mobile platform is additionally provided with four through holes；Four through holes of the mobile platform distinguish four springs
Guide rod position correspondence.
4. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that
The quantity of the adjustable limiting platform support bar is specially four；Four adjustable limiting platform support bar difference
It is disposed at the bottom surrounding of the fixed limiting platform.
5. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The quantity of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod is one or multiple.
6. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Multiple evenly distributed bottoms for being arranged on vacuole position control-rod of the pit.
7. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that
The pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod is shaped as spherical cambered surface shape.
8. facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole visual experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that
The depth dimensions of the pit of the bottom of vacuole position control-rod and the diameter chi of vacuole position control-rod
It is very little to be adapted.
9. a kind of experimental method, it is characterised in that facilitate easy-to-use controllable vacuole using as described in claim any one of 1-8
Visual experimental apparatus, including following operating procedure；
Step 1：According to experiment needs, adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform distance parameter are set, and according to
The setpoint distance performs distance regulation and lock operation：According to experiment needs, to adjustable limiting platform and fixed limiting platform
Distance parameter set and then operates adjustable limiting platform and slided simultaneously along the adjustable limiting platform support bar direction
It is determined that with fixing the distance between limiting platform, adjustable limiting platform is fixed at the distance and position, then will utilize four
Individual spring realizes pretension；
Step 2：According to experiment needs, the pit of design vacuole position control-rod, and it is filled with appropriate amount of fluid working medium：According to experiment need
Will, pit is processed to the bottom of vacuole position control-rod；Vacuole position control-rod is taken out, appropriate amount of fluid working medium is filled
Enter in the lucite box and the connecting tube, vacuole position control-rod is put back to and suitably adjusts the vacuole position
The distance between the bottom of control-rod and the lucite cassette bottom portion, the vacuole position is controlled by the regulation clamper
Bar processed performs fixed operation；
Step 3：Perform pressure and hit warming-up exercise：According to experiment needs, by rotating adjusting screw rod, by mobile platform, connection
Pipe, lucite box, measurement sensor move down certain distance, and with the stopping means be stuck in the adjustable limiting platform with
Between the mobile platform, now four springs are compressed by certain distance again；
Step 4：Perform and hit cavitation action：The stopping means is unclamped, now four springs will recover original length, by movement
Platform, connecting tube, lucite box, measurement sensor moment push up；When the mobile platform strikes described can adjust
During limiting platform, it will automatically turn on the trigger device and measure, and produced in the base wells of vacuole position control-rod
A raw vacuole.
10. experimental method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 2：It is described that pit is processed to the bottom of vacuole position control-rod according to needs are tested, it is specific to wrap
Include following steps：
A pit or multiple pits are processed in the bottom of several vacuole position control-rods；And the vacuole position control
The dimple size of bar bottom processed, number, position are different；
According to experiment needs, select one and meet the dimple size, number, the vacuole position control that position needs
Bar, carry out follow-up experiment.
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