CN107779908A - Chemical energy and electric energy converter - Google Patents
Chemical energy and electric energy converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107779908A CN107779908A CN201610818412.5A CN201610818412A CN107779908A CN 107779908 A CN107779908 A CN 107779908A CN 201610818412 A CN201610818412 A CN 201610818412A CN 107779908 A CN107779908 A CN 107779908A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B5/00—Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which electricity is generated simultaneously
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Abstract
An electrochemical reaction device for directly releasing chemical energy in the form of electric energy is composed of ion source, mixing cavity, reaction cavity, anode, discharge hole, external cathode, inverter and control system. The ion source is responsible for separating neutral substances participating in the reaction into positive ions and electrons, positive ion gas is introduced into the mixing cavity, various positive ion gases and neutral gases to be reacted are fully mixed in the cavity, the positive ion gases and the neutral gases are introduced into the reaction cavity after being mixed, the surfaces of the anodes in the reaction cavity are compounded with free electrons to generate electrochemical reaction, new substances are generated and are discharged through the discharge hole, and energy released by the chemical reaction is output at the output end of the inverter in an electric energy mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical reaction appts, especially allow the material of ionic condition to be electrochemically reacted, and
Material can be contained into chemical energy to discharge with electrical energy form.
Background technology
For the mankind, it is known that material is made up of molecular composition, molecule atom, atom is regular by atomic nucleus and around atomic nucleus
The electronics composition of motion, the essence of chemical reaction is the restructuring of electronics around atomic nucleus progress spatially！Since having record, the mankind
Various chemical reaction equipments are invented, in the hope of being mankind's own services using chemical reaction, its main purpose has two, first, utilizing
Chemical reaction generates new material and serviced for the mankind, second, being serviced using the energy of chemical reaction release for the mankind.Utilizing energy
In terms of amount, it is known that the mode that releases energy of chemical reaction mainly have two kinds, first, directly discharging heat energy or will chemically react directly
The heat energy for connecing release is converted to other form of energy, such as kitchen range, boiler, steam engine, internal combustion engine, jet engine, rocket
Directly discharge heat Deng, kitchen range using burning food is heated, boiler is using burning directly release heat to circulating water heating, steaming
Steam turbine, internal combustion engine, jet engine, rocket utilize combustion heat release energy, then again conversion of heat into kinetic energy.It is known to release
The second way for putting chemical reaction energy is directly release electric energy, such as various galvanic cells, the fuel cell that the mankind have invented,
Directly chemical energy is discharged with electrical energy form.It is mankind service side face generating new material using chemical reaction, the mankind are
Various chemical reaction equipments are invented, particularly, when some chemical reactions can not voluntarily maintain or react super snail, the mankind also invent
Various catalyst are to promote to react！
Exactly human knowledge and this chemical reaction phenomenon of burning is make use of, the mankind just enter the civilization！Exactly because
The steam engine for man invented, the heat energy for release of burning is changed into kinetic energy, so as to having come into the industrial age！Exactly because the mankind send out
Understand internal combustion engine, jet engine, rocket, huge heat energy is released in less volume, and thermal energy is
Can, so as to come into modern industrial age！The mankind start to fly away from the earth, the remoter outfield of trend！
Although the mankind have invented various chemical reaction equipments, manufactured newly using chemical reaction
We also have the defects of big in terms of material, and aggregate performance is that deficiency in economic performance or some reactions can not be realized, such as, some chemistry
Reacting us needs extremely complex reaction unit or even needs complicated catalyst to realize that some react us and known perfectly well
It can finally realize but can not almost be realized under existing apparatus.In terms of using chemical energy, so far, we almost can only
Chemical energy is discharged with form of thermal energy, then using the devices such as steam engine, internal combustion engine, jet engine, rocket by heat energy again
It is changed into kinetic energy, particularly, in order to share energy, we have invented generator, the kinetic energy that we discharge steam engine, internal combustion engine
It is changed into electric energy, allows people to share energy by power network.It is final to only have during chemical energy is changed into kinetic energy or electric energy
40% or so energy true shift is that kinetic energy or electric energy are used by people, and others are all slatterned with form of thermal energy！It is true
On, a key factor for causing the earth to heat up is that the mankind have discharged amount of heat to the Nature.Although we have invented
Galvanic cell, various fuel cells, but they have the defects of huge at present, for example deficiency in economic performance, energy density are small, overall work(
Rate is small etc., and large-scale promotion use is difficult under existing technology, so that we are still with steam engine, internal combustion engine, jet-propelled at present
Based on engine, rocket, fuel cell and galvanic cell we only small range uses on a small scale.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that in order to overcome existing chemical reaction equipment, the present invention provides a kind of electrochemical reaction appts, normal in normal temperature
Pressure, it can not only be chemically reacted the gaseous substance for being difficult to react, moreover, during the course of the reaction, can accumulate reaction
The chemical energy contained is discharged with electrical energy form.
This chemical energy electric energy interpreter (referred to as change electric interpreter or change motor) is by ion gun, hybrid chamber, reaction chamber, sun
Pole, discharging opening, outer cathode, inverter, control system composition.Ion gun is responsible for neutral gas being separated into cation and electronics simultaneously
Output, wherein, electronic output is connected by wire with inverter negative input, and cation gas is passed through hybrid chamber.Hybrid chamber
For closing, chemical property is stable, the cavity of insulation, one terminates one or more air inlets, reaction to be participated in it is all kinds of
Cation gas and neutral gas are passed through in the cavity by air inlet to be sufficiently mixed.The hybrid chamber other end connects reaction chamber.Instead
Chamber is answered as closing, cavity, built-in anode.Cation gas and neutral gas gaseous mixture are in sun
Pole surface and free electron are compound, and electrochemical reaction occurs, generates new material.Reaction chamber one terminates hybrid chamber, and the other end is set
There are one or more discharging openings, discharged in the new material of anode generation through discharging opening.Because product may be gas, also may be used
Can be liquid or solid, so, discharging opening should flexibly be set, and if necessary, set special discharge system, in order to generate
Thing is discharged, and keeps invariablenes pressure of liquid in reaction chamber and hybrid chamber.The anode material stable, conductive by chemical property is made, and is
Increase its surface area, anode can be grid shape, grid-shaped, honeycombed etc..The electrode input end phase that anode passes through wire and inverter
Even.Outer cathode is made of an electrically conducting material, and is covered in hybrid chamber, reaction cavity outer wall, at least to be covered from hybrid chamber air inlet to sun
The outer wall of the reaction chamber of pole end.Outer cathode is connected by wire with the negative input of inverter.The output termination of inverter
Load, the energy for the release that chemically reacts will be exported with electrical energy form in inverter output end.Control system is responsible for controlling each participation
The gas of reaction flows into by a certain percentage, and it can be made up of control circuit and flow pump, can also be by control circuit and throttling
Valve group is into control signal may come from flow sensor, and can also gathering the output voltage of outer cathode and anode, (different is anti-
Ratio is answered to correspond to different voltage), particularly, because the amount of some ion guns output cation gas is by ion gun input power
Determine, control system can also be controlled into the cation gas of hybrid chamber to ion gun power end input power control signal
Amount.Because the achievable mode of control system is more and all comparative maturity, this specification are no longer described in detail.
Particularly, mixed for ease of ion-gas, the air inlet angle of air inlet, the shape of hybrid chamber can flexibly be set.
Particularly, inverter can be replaced with DC load.
Below to illustrate operation principle of the invention exemplified by the chemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen.
Under normal temperature and pressure, hydrogen burns in atmosphere, discharges light and heat amount, ignores the energy that light is discharged and disregard, and it is changed
Learning reaction equation is：
2H2+O2=burning=2H2O+571.6KJ (heat)
Using the present invention, the chemical reaction of 1mol oxygen and 2mol hydrogen is as follows：
Oxygen and hydrogen are each led into respective ion gun first to carry out ionizing the cation for generating oxygen and hydrogen
Gas, if the ionization energy of oxygen is 1166KJ/mol, the ionization energy of hydrogen is 1493KJ/mol, and sets oxonium ion source and hydrogen ion source
Possess same energy charge rate η, energy charge rate=(ion gun production unit cation is actually needed energy-unit and divided
From material ionization energy)/unit is separated material ionization energy, then and energy needed for oxonium ion source production 1mol positive oxygen ions is：
WEnter 1=(1+ η) * 1166KJ (electricity)
Hydrogen ion source production 2mol hydrogen cations needed for energy be：
WEnter 2=(1+ η) * 1493*2KJ (electricity)
Oxygen and hydrogen are ionized in ion gun can be designated as the reaction equation of cation and electronics：
By ionization of the ion gun to oxygen and hydrogen, 1mol oxygen generates 1mol oxygen cation and 1mol electricity
Son, (1+ η) * 1166KJ electric energy is used, 2mol hydrogen generates 2mol hydrogen cation and 2mol electronics, has used (1+ η) *
1493*2KJ electric energy, cation gas move to anode surface after hybrid chamber is sufficiently mixed.In anode surface, if anode possesses
3mol free electrons, according to the principle of chemical reaction, it is intended to minimum energy after electronics and atomic nucleus restructuring, then 3mol is freely electric
Son, 2mol hydrogen cation, 1mol oxygen cation necessarily recombinate generation 2mol H2O molecules, and now, ion gun separation oxygen
The 3mol free electrons generated after gas and hydrogen have reached inverter negative input, inverter electrode input end and anode phase
Even, so, ion gun electronic output, inverter, anode and cation gaseous mixture have formed path, and free electron is to inversion
Device acting (i.e. inverter output energy) reaches anode afterwards and cation is compound, and generates H2O molecules.Product H2O molecules will
Discharged by discharge gate.According to the principles of chemistry, electronics is to the work(that inverter is done：
W=1166+1493*2+571.6KJ (electricity)
Cation gaseous mixture is represented by the reaction equation of anode and free electron composition generation neutral molecule：
If the energy output rating of inverter is γ, energy output rating refers to inverter output energy and the ratio of input energy
Rate, then, inverter is to the energy of load acting output：
WGo out=(1166+1493*2+571.6) * γ KJ (electricity)
Thus, 1mol oxygen and 2mol hydrogen are as follows by the present invention, total chemical equation：
Ion gun consumed energy, inverter output energy, as can be seen from the above equation, 1mol oxygen and 2mol hydrogen are by this
Invention, total output net energy are：
WNet output=(1166+1493*2+571.6) * γ-((1+ η) * 1166+ (1+ η) * 1493*2) KJ (electricity)
=571.6* γ-(1166+1493*2) * (1+ η-γ) KJ (electricity)
Define energy transformation ratio ξ=reality output energy value/and contain energy value * 100%, then energy conversion rate of the invention
For：
ξ={ [571.6* γ-(1166+1493*2) * (1+ η-γ)]/571.6 } * 100%
As can be seen from the above equation, if inverter energy output rating is sufficiently high, ion gun energy charge rate is sufficiently low, then this hair
Bright energy transformation ratio then can convergence 100%, that is, the chemical energy contained that chemically reacts almost all can release directly with electrical energy form
Put.
It is exactly the operation principle of the present invention above.
It should be noted that the chemical energy that contains due to different chemical reactions and participating in the ionization energy of reactive material not
Together, it is even if also different using same chemical energy electric energy interpreter, final energy conversion rate.
Particularly, the material for participating in reaction is not necessarily all separated into cation gas by ion gun, but at least a kind of
The material for participating in reaction is to should be cation gas.Such as oxygen and hydrogen reaction, need to will be after one of which substance ion only
It can be reacted in reaction chamber, and discharge electric energy, so, energy transformation ratio can further improve.
Particularly, some chemical reactions are the endothermic reactions, and inverter output energy is less than ion gun input energy.
Particularly, the material for the participation reaction that the present invention inputs can also be liquid substance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the chemical energy that chemical reactant contains discharges directly in the form of electric energy, rather than is discharged with form of thermal energy, and
Energy transformation ratio is higher, is easy to large-scale promotion to use.
2nd, the chemical reaction that can not or be difficult to react under normal temperature and pressure easily can react in the present apparatus.Such as N2And H2Often
Generation NH can not be reacted under normal temperature and pressure3, but can easily synthesize ammonia using the present invention.
3rd, it is widely used.Not only alternative many complicated chemical industry equipments carry out Chemical Manufacture to the present invention, it is often more important that,
The present invention as a kind of new generating equipment can directly replace existing all kinds of steam engine generating sets, oil-electric engine group,
Fuel cell etc. provides electric energy for the mankind.
It should be noted that as the present invention as generating equipment in use, to reach higher energy transformation ratio, it is desirable to inverse
The energy output rating of change device is as far as possible high, and the energy charge rate of ion gun is as far as possible low (to recommend dividing certainly for Mr.'s Sun Baosheng invention
Luxuriant component), and the one of which substance ion for the reaction that only lets on as far as possible, other input materials are neutrality.
4th, cost is low, high financial profit.The present invention is simple in construction, and easily fabricated, cost is relatively low, it is often more important that, this hair
Bright energy transformation ratio is actual up to more than 90%, and this is that generating equipment existing at present can not compare, can for the mankind with
Carry out higher economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings：
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the chemical energy electric energy interpreter structure principle chart that reaction is participated in by two kinds of reactants of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the present invention for generating electricity by the chemical energy electric energy interpreter structural principle of methane and pure oxygen as reactant
Figure,
Fig. 3 is the present invention for generating electricity by the chemical energy electric energy interpreter structural principle of methane and air as reactant
Figure
Fig. 4 is the chemical energy electric energy interpreter that the present invention is used to synthesize ammonia by nitrogen and hydrogen as reactant
In Fig. 1,1 is ion gun, and 2 be hybrid chamber, and 3 be reaction chamber, and 4 be anode, and 5 be discharge gate, and 6 be inverter, and 7 be outer
Negative electrode, 8 be control system, and the heavy line that control system connects with ion gun represents pilot group.Due to entering hybrid chamber
It is cation gas entirely, the power of control system control ion gun is to reach the yield of control cation so as to ensure reactant by one
Certainty ratio enters hybrid chamber.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to described reality
Apply among a scope.
In Fig. 2, methane and oxygen respectively enter respective ion gun, control system control ion source power, ensure methane
Lead to people's hybrid chamber in 1 to 2 ratio with oxygen cation gas, well-mixed ion-gas is to anode movement, in anode and ion gun
The free electron composition generation carbon dioxide and water of release, product are discharged through discharge gate, and the energy discharged is defeated by inverter
Go out end output.The input terminal voltage of inverter is about 16.9 volts.
In Fig. 3, methane is only passed through ion gun, generates methane cation gas, air enters through controlled flow pump 9 to be mixed
Chamber, if content of oxygen in air is 20%, control system control ion source power and flow pump power, it is ensured that into hybrid chamber
The ratio of methane cation gas and air ratio is less than 1 to 10.
In Fig. 4, nitrogen and hydrogen enter from respective ion gun respectively, control system control ion source power, it is ensured that
WithEnter hybrid chamber in 1 to 3 ratio, i.e., in Anode ammonification.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electrochemical reaction appts, it is characterized in that：It is by ion gun, hybrid chamber, reaction chamber, anode, discharging opening, vulva
Pole, inverter, control system composition.Ion gun is responsible for the neutral substance for participating in reaction being separated into cation and electronics, wherein,
Electronic output is connected by wire with inverter negative input, and cation gas is passed through hybrid chamber.Hybrid chamber is closing, change
The cavity that property is stable, insulate is learned, one terminates one or more air inlets, and all kinds of cation gas of reaction to be participated in are with
Property gas is passed through in the cavity by air inlet to be sufficiently mixed.The hybrid chamber other end connects reaction chamber.Reaction chamber for closing,
Chemical property is stable, the cavity of insulation, built-in anode.Cation gas and neutral gas gaseous mixture are electric in anode surface and freely
Son is compound, and electrochemical reaction occurs, generates new material.Reaction chamber one terminates hybrid chamber, and the other end goes out provided with one or more
Material mouth, discharged in the new material of anode generation through discharging opening.The anode material stable, conductive by chemical property is made, sun
Pole is connected by wire with the electrode input end of inverter.Outer cathode is made of an electrically conducting material, and is covered in hybrid chamber, outside reaction chamber
Wall, at least to cover the outer wall of the reaction chamber from hybrid chamber air inlet to anode end.Outer cathode passes through wire and inverter
Negative input connects.The output terminating load of inverter, the energy for the release that chemically reacts will be defeated in inverter with electrical energy form
Go out end output.Control system is responsible for controlling each gas for participating in reaction to flow into by a certain percentage.
2. electrochemical reaction appts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The air inlet angle and hybrid chamber shape of hybrid chamber
Can variform, in order to which Ar ion mixing gas is sufficiently mixed in the intracavitary.
3. electrochemical reaction appts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：To increase anode surface area, anode can be grid
Shape, grid-shaped, honeycombed etc..
4. electrochemical reaction appts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：For ease of product is discharged, and keep anti-
Answer invariablenes pressure of liquid in chamber and hybrid chamber, discharging opening can variform, if necessary, special discharge system is set.
5. electrochemical reaction appts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Inverter can use DC load direct generation
Replace.
6. electrochemical reaction appts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Control system it can be by control circuit and stream
Amount pump group control circuit and choke valve into can also be made up of, can also directly control the power of ion gun.Its control signal can
To come from flow sensor, the output voltage of outer cathode and anode can also be gathered, different reaction ratios corresponds to difference
Magnitude of voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610818412.5A CN107779908A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Chemical energy and electric energy converter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610818412.5A CN107779908A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Chemical energy and electric energy converter |
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| CN107779908A true CN107779908A (en) | 2018-03-09 |
Family
ID=61438091
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| CN201610818412.5A Pending CN107779908A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Chemical energy and electric energy converter |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109802199A (en) * | 2018-08-26 | 2019-05-24 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electrochemical reaction implementation method |
| CN109802202A (en) * | 2018-08-26 | 2019-05-24 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electrochemical appliance |
| CN109802200A (en) * | 2018-08-26 | 2019-05-24 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electrochemical reaction implementation method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109802199A (en) * | 2018-08-26 | 2019-05-24 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electrochemical reaction implementation method |
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Addressee: Sun Baosheng Document name: Notification of Passing Preliminary Examination of the Application for Invention |
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