CN107776602B - Method and structure for changing rigidity of axle box positioning node by adjusting rubber layer parameters - Google Patents
Method and structure for changing rigidity of axle box positioning node by adjusting rubber layer parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN107776602B CN107776602B CN201711076519.8A CN201711076519A CN107776602B CN 107776602 B CN107776602 B CN 107776602B CN 201711076519 A CN201711076519 A CN 201711076519A CN 107776602 B CN107776602 B CN 107776602B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013040 rubber vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
- B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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Abstract
A method and structure for changing rigidity of axle box positioning node by adjusting parameters of rubber layer, setting axle box positioning node to be a structure of vulcanizing and bonding rubber layer outside mandrel, setting split outer sleeve outside rubber layer, setting integral outer sleeve outside split outer sleeve, wherein rubber layer is hollow I-shaped structure, two ends of I-shaped outer side surface are connected with middle inner concave surface by inclined plane I, two end surfaces are connected with hollow inner side surface by inclined plane II; the values of all parameters of the rubber layer are adjusted to change the different rigidity values of the axle box positioning node in all directions so as to meet the different rigidity requirements of vehicles of different types on the axle box positioning node in all directions. According to the utility model, the rubber layer is designed into a hollow I-shaped structure, and when the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity are adjusted, the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity can be adjusted by changing different values of a plurality of parts of the rubber layer, so that the adjustable range of the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity is enlarged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a method for changing rigidity of an axle box positioning node and the axle box positioning node, in particular to a method and a structure for changing rigidity of the axle box positioning node by adjusting parameters of a rubber layer, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of railway vehicle parts.
Background
The axle box structure is a movable joint on the railway vehicle for connecting the framework and the wheel set, and besides transmitting forces and vibration in all directions, the axle box structure also needs to ensure that the wheel set can adapt to the line condition and jump up and down and traverse left and right relative to the framework. Axle box positioning, namely wheel set positioning, namely restraining the mutual positions between the axle boxes of the wheel set and the framework, and limiting the positions and the movable margins of the axle boxes on the bogie within a certain range through the axle box positioning, so that the load is correctly transmitted and distributed to the wheel set; the wheel sets are enabled to rotate flexibly, and the bogie smoothly passes through the curve; the stable inertia of the vehicle body is utilized to restrain and reduce the transverse swing of the axle box. Therefore, the axle box positioning has decisive effects on the transverse dynamic performance, curve passing performance and the control of the hunting movement of the bogie, the longitudinal and transverse positioning rigidity of the axle box positioning device is properly selected, the hunting movement instability of the vehicle in the running speed range can be avoided, the good guiding performance is ensured when the curve passes, the abrasion and noise between the wheel rim and the steel rail are reduced, and the running safety and stability are ensured.
When the railway vehicle passes through a curve at a high speed, the wheel pair can generate great transverse load on the steel rail, if the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is too great, the locomotive wheel pair can generate larger transverse load on the steel rail, and meanwhile, the steel rail can generate the same large transverse reaction force on the wheel pair to wear the wheel rim and also generate larger wear on the bearing. However, when the longitudinal rigidity and the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node are too small, the vehicle is easy to cause hunting movement, and the safe operation of the vehicle is affected.
The axle box is generally positioned by a pulling plate type, a laminated rubber spring positioning mode, a guide post type, a rotating arm type, a pulling rod type and the like. The axle box is provided with a frame, a rotary arm type axle box positioning system is arranged on the frame, a rubber elastic node is arranged on the frame, a positioning rotary arm is arranged on the frame, the axle box is fixedly connected with the cylindrical axle box body, the other end of the positioning rotary arm is connected with a mounting seat on the frame through a rubber elastic node, the axle box is allowed to have larger vertical displacement relative to the frame, but rubber in the node can provide different transverse and longitudinal positioning rigidities for the axle box positioning system so as to adapt to the requirements of railway vehicles on different elastic positioning rigidities in the longitudinal and transverse directions of primary positioning. In what way and structure to achieve the different demands of the axlebox positioning nodes in terms of lateral and longitudinal positioning stiffness is a problem to be solved.
By searching domestic patents, related patents are found, for example, as follows:
1. the utility model patent application number CN201120377309.4, named as an elastic node device for positioning a railway axle box, discloses an elastic node device for positioning the railway axle box, which comprises a mandrel and an axle sleeve, wherein the two ends of the mandrel are respectively provided with a unthreaded hole, the end of the mandrel is provided with a locking hole, a bolt with a hole at the head penetrates through the unthreaded hole, a locking device is arranged between the locking hole and the bolt with the hole at the head, an elastic device is arranged between the mandrel and the axle sleeve, the axle sleeve is connected with a pivoted arm type axle box through a key, and the two ends of the mandrel are respectively provided with a buffer device and are tightly pressed by end covers. The elastic device is an elastic rubber sleeve, the buffer device is a rubber buffer pad, different longitudinal rigidity and vertical rigidity are obtained by changing the size and hardness of the elastic rubber sleeve, and different transverse rigidity is obtained by changing the size and hardness of the rubber buffer pad.
2. The utility model patent application number CN201110440779.5, named as a high-speed railway wagon bogie, discloses a high-speed railway wagon bogie, which comprises a framework, wherein two transverse ends of the framework are respectively connected with a wheel set through two primary suspension systems, a secondary suspension system and a foundation braking device are arranged on the framework, and an anti-snake-shaped shock absorber is respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the framework. The utility model can realize the speed of 200km/h and the axle weight of 16.5t at the same time; the speed is 160km/h, the axle weight is 18t, and the device has the remarkable characteristics of simple structure, strong universality and reliable performance. It is mentioned that the longitudinal and transverse rigidity values required for the bogie to run at high speed can be obtained by adjusting the longitudinal and transverse rigidity of the elastic rubber node of the boom.
3. The utility model patent application number CN200820072552.3, named as a bogie primary suspension double-pull-rod positioning device, discloses a bogie primary suspension double-pull-rod positioning device, which comprises an axle box and an axle box spring, and is characterized in that: two upper pull rod assemblies are arranged in parallel between the end parts of the side beams of the framework and the upper parts of the axle boxes, Y-shaped lower pull rod assemblies are arranged between the positioning seats of the side beams of the framework and the lower parts of the axle boxes, each upper pull rod assembly comprises an upper pull rod and rubber nodes arranged at two ends of the upper pull rod, each lower pull rod assembly comprises a lower pull rod, a conical double-layer elastic node arranged at the Y-shaped opening end of the lower pull rod, a mandrel elastic node arranged at the other end of the conical double-layer elastic node, a transverse elastic cushion and a fastening piece. The two ends of the pull rod adopt different rubber nodes to provide optimized longitudinal and transverse rigidity so as to realize excellent traction and curve passing performance, so that the train can obtain higher critical speed on a straight line, has good guiding performance on a curve, and reduces the abrasion of the wheel rim and the steel rail.
Although both of the above-mentioned patent 1 and patent 2 mention that the positioning rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions is changed by the rubber node, neither specific changing method nor structure is disclosed. Patent 1 only mentions that the different longitudinal rigidity and the vertical rigidity are obtained by changing the size and the hardness of the elastic rubber sleeve, and the different transverse rigidity is obtained by changing the size and the hardness of the rubber cushion, but in the case that the structures of the elastic rubber sleeve and the rubber cushion are not changed, the change of the size is very limited, and the change of the hardness is limited by the material. The patent 3 provides optimized longitudinal and transverse rigidity by adopting different rubber nodes at two ends of the pull rod, so that the structure is complex, and the installation and replacement are inconvenient. Therefore, the above patent cannot thoroughly solve the current requirement of different types and speeds of railway vehicles on different longitudinal rigidity and transverse rigidity variation ranges of axle box positioning nodes, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the axle box positioning node of railway vehicles with different types and speeds cannot be thoroughly solved in the current technology and the range of the rigidity requirement in all directions is larger, the utility model provides a method and a structure for adjusting the rigidity of the axle box positioning node by adjusting the parameters of a rubber layer, which ensure the load requirement of the axle box positioning node and simultaneously meet the different requirements of different vehicles on the rigidity in all directions of the axle box positioning node. Wherein the radial direction of the axlebox positioning node comprises a vertical direction and a longitudinal direction in the vehicle direction, and the axial direction of the axlebox positioning node is a transverse direction in the vehicle direction.
The utility model adopts the technical means for solving the problems that: a method for changing rigidity of axle box positioning node by adjusting parameters of rubber layer, setting axle box positioning node to be a structure of vulcanizing and bonding rubber layer outside a mandrel, setting split outer sleeve outside the rubber layer, setting integral outer sleeve outside the split outer sleeve, wherein the rubber layer is of hollow I-shaped structure, two ends of I-shaped outer side face are connected with middle inner concave face by inclined plane I, two end faces are connected with hollow inner side face by inclined plane II; the values of all parameters of the rubber layer are adjusted to change the different rigidity values of the axle box positioning node in all directions so as to meet the different rigidity requirements of vehicles of different types on the axle box positioning node in all directions.
Further, adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer includes: adjusting the length L1 of the inner concave surface between the first inclined surfaces at the outer side of the rubber layer and the length L2 of the hollow inner side of the rubber layer, and when the values of L1 and L2 are larger, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger, and the axial rigidity is smaller; and when the values of L1, L2 are smaller, the radial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node is smaller, while the axial stiffness is larger.
Further, adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer further includes: adjusting the thickness D1 of the concave rubber in the rubber layer and the thickness D2 between the inclined plane I and the inclined plane II of the rubber layer, wherein when the value of D1 is larger, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; when the value of D1 is smaller, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; and when the value of D2 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; the smaller the value of D2, the greater the axial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node.
Further, adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer further includes: adjusting the height H1 from the outermost side to the inner side of the rubber layer, wherein when the value of H1 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; the smaller the value of H1, the less the axial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node.
Further, adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer further includes: adjusting an angle A1 between the inclined surface I of the rubber layer and the inner concave surface, and adjusting an angle A2 between the inclined surface II of the rubber layer and the inner side surface; when the value of A1 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; when the value of A1 is smaller, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; and when the value of A2 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; the smaller the value of A2, the less the axial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node.
Further, the relation between the parameters of the rubber layer is as follows: a1 More than or equal to A2, and L1 is less than or equal to L2.
Further, the mandrel, the split outer sleeve and the integral outer sleeve are all made of rigid materials.
The utility model provides a structure through adjustment rubber layer parameter change axle box location node rigidity, namely axle box location node, includes dabber, rubber layer, split overcoat, whole overcoat, and the outside of rubber layer vulcanization bonding dabber, split overcoat is established in the outside of dabber, and whole overcoat is established in the outside of split overcoat, and wherein the rubber layer is hollow I shape structure, and is connected with inclined plane one between the concave surface in the middle of the both ends of I shape lateral surface and the both ends, is connected with inclined plane two between two terminal surfaces and the hollow medial surface.
Further, the relationship between the length L1 of the concave surface between the two inclined surfaces I at the outer side of the rubber layer and the length L2 between the two inclined surfaces II at the hollow inner side of the rubber layer is as follows: l1 is less than or equal to L2.
Further, the relationship between the angle A1 between the inclined surface I of the rubber layer and the inner concave surface and the angle A2 between the inclined surface II of the rubber layer and the inner side surface is as follows: a1 And is more than or equal to A2.
Further, two end surfaces of the rubber layer are concave curved surfaces I which are connected with the outer side surface and the inclined surface II.
Further, the two ends of the circular cylinder with the I-shaped mandrel are provided with mounting seats protruding along the central shaft, and the connecting surfaces of the two ends of the outer side face of the I-shape and the middle concave part are inclined planes; the inner side surface of the rubber layer is matched with the outer side surface of the concave part of the mandrel, and the inclined surface II of the rubber layer is matched with the inclined surface of the mandrel; the rubber of the second inclined surface of the rubber layer extends to the edge of the outer side surface of the mandrel connected with the inclined surface and covers the edge.
Further, the split jacket is in a round jacket shape which is divided into a plurality of pieces and has the same specifications in two pairs, and comprises a main body I positioned at the outer side and a main body II positioned at the inner side, wherein the main body I is a hollow cylinder, the main body II is a round cylinder with hollow inside and concave inclined planes at two ends, and the outer side of the main body II and the inner side of the main body I are connected into a whole; the inner side surface of the split outer sleeve is matched with the outer side surface of the rubber layer, and the inclined surface of the split outer sleeve is matched with the inclined surface I of the rubber layer; the part of the split coat with the same specification is symmetrically vulcanized and adhered to the outer side of the rubber layer, and the part of the split coat with the same specification is symmetrically assembled on the outer side of the rubber layer and is adjacent to the part of the vulcanized and adhered part; the rubber of the curved surface I at the two ends of the rubber layer extends to the edges of the two end surfaces of the vulcanized part of the split sleeve and covers the edges.
Further, a groove I is arranged at the joint of the inclined plane I of the assembling and matching part of the rubber layer and the split sleeve and the inner concave surface of the assembling and matching part of the rubber layer and the split sleeve, and the groove I is in smooth transition connection with the connecting surfaces of the two sides.
Further, a second groove is formed at the junction of the matched part of the concave surface in the rubber layer and the split sleeve, and the matched part of the concave surface in the rubber layer and the split sleeve in vulcanization, and the second groove is in smooth transition connection with the connecting surfaces of the two sides.
Further, the integral jacket is a hollow cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. according to the utility model, the axle box positioning node is arranged into a structure that a rubber layer is arranged on the outer side of the mandrel, a split outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rubber layer, and an integral outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the split outer sleeve, and the rigidity of the axle box positioning node is adjusted by adjusting the rigidity of the rubber layer, so that the rigidity matching relation of the axle box positioning node is adjustable in a large range, the rigidity adjustable range in the axial direction and the longitudinal direction is very large, and meanwhile, different rigidity requirements can be realized by adjusting a plurality of values.
2. According to the utility model, the rubber layer is designed into a hollow I-shaped structure, and when the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity are adjusted, the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity can be adjusted by changing different values of a plurality of parts of the rubber layer, so that the adjustable range of the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity is enlarged.
3. The first curved surface is concave, so that the pressure of the rubber can be released towards the first curved surface when the rubber is extruded, the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged; the rubber layer is basically positioned on the inner sides of the mandrel and the split outer sleeve, so that the rubber layer is prevented from being polluted by external ultraviolet irradiation or other external pollutants, and the service life of the rubber is further prolonged.
4. The grooves I and II provided by the utility model can release pressure towards the grooves when the rubber is extruded, so that the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 1A-A of the present utility model, with the cross-sectional view of the mandrel not shown for ease of viewing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view in radial cross section of the mandrel, rubber layer, split coat vulcanized part after vulcanization in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of two ends of a rubber layer with a mandrel and a split sleeve;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the shape of two ends of a rubber layer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the shape of two ends of a three rubber layer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
wherein: 1. the core shaft is provided with a core shaft, a mounting seat, a rubber layer, a first inclined surface, a second inclined surface, a first curved surface, a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, a split sleeve and an integral sleeve.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the utility model relates to a method for changing the rigidity of an axle box positioning node by adjusting parameters of a rubber layer, wherein the axle box positioning node is in a structure of vulcanizing and bonding the rubber layer 2 on the outer side of a mandrel 1, arranging a split outer sleeve 3 on the outer side of the rubber layer 2 and arranging an integral outer sleeve 4 on the outer side of the split outer sleeve 3, wherein the rubber layer 2 is in a hollow I-shaped structure, two ends of the I-shaped outer side face are connected with a middle inner concave surface through a first inclined surface 21, and two end faces are connected with a hollow inner side face through a second inclined surface 22; the values of all parameters of the rubber layer 2 are adjusted to change the different rigidity values of the axle box positioning node in all directions so as to meet the different rigidity requirements of vehicles of different types on the axle box positioning node in all directions.
The axle box positioning node is arranged to be a multi-part structure, the rigidity of the axle box positioning node in the longitudinal direction and the axial direction can be adjusted in a large range, and each rigidity value can be adjusted in various manners.
Wherein, the adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer 2 comprises: the length L1 of the concave surface between the two inclined surfaces I21 on the outer side of the adjusting rubber layer 2 and the length L2 between the two inclined surfaces II 22 on the hollow inner side of the adjusting rubber layer 2 are larger, when the values of L1 and L2 are larger, the radial load born by the axle box positioning node is larger, the radial rigidity is larger, and the axial rigidity is smaller; conversely, when the values of L1, L2 are smaller, the smaller the radial load that the axlebox positioning node can withstand, the smaller the radial stiffness, and the greater the axial stiffness.
Adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer 2 further includes: the thickness D1 of concave rubber in the rubber layer 2 is adjusted, the thickness D2 between the inclined plane I21 and the inclined plane II 22 of the rubber layer 2 is adjusted, when the value of D1 is larger, the buffer effect which can be achieved when the axle box positioning node bears radial load is larger, the damping effect is obvious, and the radial rigidity is smaller; conversely, when the value of D1 is smaller, the thickness of the rubber is smaller, the cushioning effect that can be achieved when the axlebox positioning node is subjected to a radial load is smaller, the cushioning effect becomes weaker, and the radial rigidity is larger. When the value of D2 is larger, the thickness of the rubber is larger, the buffer effect which can be achieved when the axle box positioning node bears the load from the transverse direction of the vehicle is larger, the shock absorption effect is obvious, and the axial rigidity is smaller; conversely, when the value of D2 is smaller, the smaller the cushioning effect that the axlebox positioning node can play when receiving a load from the lateral direction of the vehicle, the weaker the cushioning effect, and the greater the axial rigidity.
Adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer 2 further includes: when the height H1 between the outermost side and the inner side of the rubber layer 2 is adjusted, the values of the positions, matched with the sizes, of the mandrel 1 and the split outer sleeve 3 are correspondingly increased when the value of the H1 is larger, and the axle box positioning node can bear larger load from the transverse direction of the vehicle, so that the axial rigidity is larger; conversely, as the value of H1 is smaller, the values of the locations on the mandrel 1 and split sleeve 3 matching the dimensions described above will correspondingly decrease, and the axle box positioning node will be able to withstand less load from the transverse direction of the vehicle and will have less axial stiffness.
Adjusting the values of the parameters of the rubber layer 2 further includes: the angle A1 between the inclined surface I21 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner concave surface is adjusted, and the angle A2 between the inclined surface II 22 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner side surface is adjusted. The vertex is unchanged, when the value of A1 is larger, the value of D2 is larger, the buffer effect which can be achieved when the axle box positioning node bears the load from the transverse direction of the vehicle is larger, the shock absorption effect is obvious, and the axial rigidity is smaller; conversely, as the value of A1 becomes smaller, the value of D2 becomes smaller, the smaller the cushioning effect that the axle box positioning node can play when receiving a load from the vehicle transverse direction becomes, and the weaker the cushioning effect becomes, while the greater the axial rigidity becomes. When the value of A2 is larger, the size of the mandrel 1 matched with the vertex is changed, so that the axial load born by the axle box positioning node is larger, and the axial rigidity is also larger; and when the value of A2 is smaller, the smaller the axial load born by the axle box positioning node is, the smaller the axial rigidity is.
The relation between the parameters of the rubber layer 2 is as follows: a1 More than or equal to A2, and L1 is less than or equal to L2. The axle box positioning node is guaranteed to be assembled smoothly, and high stability is guaranteed after the axle box positioning node is assembled into a whole.
The mandrel 1, the split sleeve 3 and the integral sleeve 4 are all made of rigid materials.
Smooth transition is all carried out between each connecting surface of the rubber layer 2 and between the rubber layer 2 and the matching surfaces of the mandrel 1 and the split sleeve 3, so that the rubber layer 2 is prevented from being wrinkled or cracked at the connecting position when being extruded.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the structure for changing the rigidity of the axle box positioning node by adjusting parameters of the rubber layer, namely the axle box positioning node, comprises a mandrel 1, the rubber layer 2, a split outer sleeve 3 and an integral outer sleeve 4, wherein the rubber layer 2 is vulcanized and bonded with the outer side of the mandrel 1, the split outer sleeve 3 is arranged on the outer side of the mandrel 1, the integral outer sleeve 4 is arranged on the outer side of the split outer sleeve 3, the rubber layer 2 is of a hollow I-shaped structure, the outer side surfaces of two ends of the I shape are connected with the inner concave surface in the middle through a first inclined surface 21, and the outer side surfaces of the two ends of the I shape are connected with the hollow inner side surface through a second inclined surface 22. The rubber layer 2 is designed into a hollow I-shaped structure, and when the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity are adjusted, the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity can be adjusted by changing different values of a plurality of parts of the rubber layer 2, so that the adjustable range of the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity is enlarged. The rubber layer 2 is vulcanized and bonded on the outer side of the mandrel 1 to ensure the strength of connection between the rubber layer 2 and the mandrel 1, so that relative movement between the rubber layer 2 and the axle box positioning node is avoided when the axle box positioning node is mounted on a vehicle to run, friction is not generated between the vulcanized rubber layer 2 and the mandrel 1, and the service life of the axle box positioning node is ensured.
The relationship between the length L1 of the concave surface between the two inclined surfaces I21 on the outer side of the rubber layer 2 and the length L2 between the two inclined surfaces II 22 on the hollow inner side of the rubber layer 2 is as follows: l1 is less than or equal to L2.
The angle A1 between the inclined surface I21 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner concave surface and the angle A2 between the inclined surface II 22 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner side surface are as follows: a1 And is more than or equal to A2.
The two end surfaces of the rubber layer 2 are concave curved surfaces I23 connected with the outer side surface and the inclined surfaces II 22. The concave curved surface I23 enables the rubber to release pressure towards the concave part when being extruded, avoids the rubber from generating wrinkles and cracking, can prevent the rubber layer 2 from being polluted by external ultraviolet irradiation or other external pollutants, and prolongs the service life of the rubber.
As shown in fig. 2, the inclined plane 21 and the inclined plane 22 of the rubber layer 2 are coaxial, that is, the bus bars corresponding to the inclined plane 21 and the inclined plane 22 are parallel to each other, one end of the curved plane 23 is connected with the inclined plane 22, and the other end is connected with the inclined plane 21.
The structure of the mandrel 1 is as follows: mounting seats 11 protruding along the central shaft are arranged at two ends of the I-shaped circular cylinder, and the connecting surfaces of two ends of the outer side surface of the I-shape and the middle concave part are inclined planes; the inner side surface of the rubber layer 2 is matched with the outer side surface of the concave part of the mandrel 1, and the inclined surface II 22 of the rubber layer 2 is matched with the inclined surface of the mandrel 1.
The rubber of the second inclined surface 22 of the rubber layer 2 extends to the edge of the outer side surface of the mandrel 1 connected with the inclined surface and covers the edge, as shown in fig. 4. Because the precision of the lateral surface of the mandrel 1 is higher than that of the edge, when the rubber layer 2 is vulcanized to the lateral surface of the mandrel 1, the die is matched with the lateral surface of the mandrel 1, the rubber is vulcanized to cover the edge of the lateral surface, the die and the lateral surface are good in matching performance and strong in sealing performance, pressure release is not caused during vulcanization, and the vulcanization bonding effect is ensured.
The split coat 3 is a round sleeve shape which is divided into a plurality of pieces and has the same specifications in two pairs, and comprises a main body I positioned at the outer side and a main body II positioned at the inner side, wherein the main body I is a cylinder with a hollow inside; the inner side surface of the split sleeve 3 is matched with the outer side surface of the rubber layer 2, and the inclined surface of the split sleeve 3 is matched with the inclined surface I21 of the rubber layer 2; the split cover 3 has a part with the same specification symmetrically vulcanized and adhered to the outer side of the rubber layer 2, and a part with the same specification symmetrically assembled to the outer side of the rubber layer 2 and adjacent to the part of vulcanized and adhered. The split outer sleeve 3 is partially vulcanized and partially assembled, so that relative movement between the rubber layer 2 and the split outer sleeve 3 is avoided in the vulcanized part, and the stability of the axle box positioning node and friction are ensured; the assembled parts provide more adjustment space for axial and longitudinal stiffness.
The rubber of the curved surface one 23 at both ends of the rubber layer 2 extends to the edges of both end surfaces of the vulcanized portion of the split cover 3 and covers the edges as shown in fig. 4. Because the precision of split overcoat 3 both ends face is higher than the precision of edge, consequently when vulcanizing rubber layer 2 to split overcoat 3 both ends face, make mould and split overcoat 3 both ends face cooperation, rubber vulcanization cover the edge of both ends face, and the suitability between mould and the both ends face is good, the leakproofness is strong, can not cause the pressure release during vulcanization, guarantees the effect of vulcanization bonding.
The joint of the inclined plane I21 of the assembled and matched part of the rubber layer 2 and the split sleeve 3 and the inner concave surface of the assembled and matched part of the rubber layer 2 and the split sleeve 3 is provided with a groove I24, and the groove I24 is in smooth transition connection with the connecting surfaces of the two sides. The first groove 24 enables the rubber to release pressure towards the first groove 24 when being extruded, so that the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged.
And a second groove 25 is arranged at the junction of the assembled and matched part of the concave surface of the rubber layer 2 and the split sleeve 3 and the vulcanized and matched part of the concave surface of the rubber layer 2 and the split sleeve 3, and the second groove 25 is in smooth transition connection with the connecting surfaces of the two sides. The second groove 25 enables the rubber to release pressure towards the second groove 25 when being extruded, so that the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged.
Smooth transition is all carried out between each connecting surface of the rubber layer 2 and between the rubber layer 2 and the matching surfaces of the mandrel 1 and the split sleeve 3, so that the rubber layer 2 is prevented from being wrinkled or cracked at the connecting position when being extruded.
The integral jacket 4 is a hollow cylinder. The mandrel 1, the rubber layer 2, the split sleeve 3 and the integral sleeve 4 are restrained into a whole through the integral sleeve 4, so that the axle box positioning node can meet load requirements, play a role in damping and improve comfort during riding.
Specifically, the length L1 of the concave surface between the two inclined surfaces I21 on the outer side of the rubber layer 2 is 91.5mm, and the length L2 between the two inclined surfaces II 22 on the hollow inner side of the rubber layer 2 is 103.6mm; the thickness D1 of the concave rubber in the rubber layer 2 is 17.5mm, and the thickness D2 between the inclined plane I21 and the inclined plane II 22 of the rubber layer 2 is 12.9mm; the angle A1 between the inclined plane one 21 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner concave surface is 65 o The angle A2 between the inclined surface II 22 of the rubber layer 2 and the inner side surface is 65 o 。
Example two
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that: as shown in fig. 5, the extension lines of the bus bars corresponding to the inclined plane one 21 and the inclined plane two 22 of the rubber layer 2 are mutually intersected, the rubber between the inclined plane one 21 and the inclined plane two 22 near the two ends of the I shape is thick, the rubber near the hollow inside is thin, one end of the curved plane one 23 is connected with the inclined plane two 22, and the other end is connected with the inclined plane one 21. Specifically, the angle A1 between the inclined surface one 21 of the rubber layer 2 and the concave surface is 78 o 。
Example III
This embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment except that: as shown in fig. 6, one end of the first curved surface 23 of the rubber layer 2 is connected to the second inclined surface 22, and the other end is connected to the outer side surface. Specifically, the length L1 of the concave surface between the first inclined surfaces 21 on the outer side of the rubber layer 2 is 61.5mm, the thickness D1 of the concave surface rubber in the rubber layer 2 is 19mm, and the thickness D2 between the first inclined surfaces 21 and the second inclined surfaces 22 of the rubber layer 2 is 27mm.
It can be seen that the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the utility model, the axle box positioning node is arranged into a structure that a rubber layer is arranged on the outer side of the mandrel, a split outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rubber layer, and an integral outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the split outer sleeve, and the rigidity of the axle box positioning node is adjusted by adjusting the rigidity of the rubber layer, so that the rigidity matching relation of the axle box positioning node is adjustable in a large range, the rigidity adjustable range in the axial direction and the longitudinal direction is very large, and meanwhile, different rigidity requirements can be realized by adjusting a plurality of values.
2. According to the utility model, the rubber layer is designed into a hollow I-shaped structure, and when the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity are adjusted, the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity can be adjusted by changing different values of a plurality of parts of the rubber layer, so that the adjustable range of the axial rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity is enlarged.
3. The first curved surface is concave, so that the pressure of the rubber can be released towards the first curved surface when the rubber is extruded, the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged; the rubber layer is basically positioned on the inner sides of the mandrel and the split outer sleeve, so that the rubber layer is prevented from being polluted by external ultraviolet irradiation or other external pollutants, and the service life of the rubber is further prolonged.
4. The groove I and the groove II enable the rubber to release pressure towards the groove when being extruded, so that the rubber is prevented from being wrinkled and cracked, and the service life of the rubber is prolonged.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present utility model, not for limiting the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, so that all equivalent technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the present utility model, which is defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An axle box positioning node, characterized in that: the split type rubber sleeve comprises a mandrel (1), a rubber layer (2), split sleeves (3) and an integral sleeve (4), wherein the rubber layer (2) is vulcanized and bonded to the outer side of the mandrel (1), the split sleeves (3) are arranged on the outer side of the mandrel (1), the integral sleeve (4) is arranged on the outer side of the split sleeves (3), the rubber layer (2) is of a hollow I-shaped structure, two ends of the I-shaped outer side face are connected with the middle inner concave face through a first inclined face (21), and two end faces are connected with the hollow inner side face through a second inclined face (22);
two end surfaces of the rubber layer (2) are concave curved surfaces I (23) connected with the outer side surface and the inclined surfaces II (22);
the mandrel (1) is an I-shaped circular cylinder, mounting seats protruding along a central shaft are arranged at two ends of the circular cylinder, and the connecting surfaces of two ends of the outer side face of the I shape and the middle concave part are inclined planes; the inner side surface of the rubber layer (2) is matched with the outer side surface of the concave part of the mandrel (1), and the inclined surface II (22) of the rubber layer (2) is matched with the inclined surface of the mandrel; the rubber of the inclined plane II (22) of the rubber layer (2) extends to the edge of the outer side surface of the mandrel connected with the inclined plane and covers the edge;
the split coat (3) is in a round sleeve shape which is divided into a plurality of blocks and has the same specifications in two pairs, and comprises a main body I positioned at the outer side and a main body II positioned at the inner side, wherein the main body I is a hollow cylinder, the main body II is a round cylinder with hollow inside and concave inclined planes at the two ends, and the outer side of the main body II and the inner side of the main body I are connected into a whole; the inner side surface of the split sleeve (3) is matched with the outer side surface of the rubber layer (2), and the inclined surface of the split sleeve (3) is matched with the inclined surface I (21) of the rubber layer (2); the part of the split coat (3) with the same specification is symmetrically vulcanized and adhered to the outer side of the rubber layer, and the part of the split coat with the same specification is symmetrically assembled on the outer side of the rubber layer and is adjacent to the part of the vulcanized and adhered part; the rubber of the curved surface I (23) at the two ends of the rubber layer (2) extends to the edges of the two end surfaces of the vulcanized part of the split outer sleeve and covers the edges;
the joint of the inclined plane I (21) at the assembled and matched position of the rubber layer (2) and the split sleeve (3) and the inner concave surface at the assembled and matched position of the rubber layer (2) and the split sleeve (3) is provided with a groove I (24), and the groove I (24) is in smooth transition connection with the connecting surfaces of the two sides;
and a second groove (25) is formed at the junction of the assembled and matched part of the concave surface of the rubber layer (2) and the split sleeve (3) and the vulcanized and matched part of the concave surface of the rubber layer (2) and the split sleeve (3), and the second groove (25) is in smooth transitional connection with the connecting surfaces on the two sides.
2. The axlebox positioning node of claim 1, wherein: the relation between the length L1 of the concave surface between the two inclined planes I (21) on the outer side of the rubber layer (2) and the length L2 between the two inclined planes II (22) on the hollow inner side of the rubber layer (2) is as follows: l1 is less than or equal to L2;
the relation between the angle A1 between the inclined plane I (21) of the rubber layer (2) and the inner concave surface and the angle A2 between the inclined plane II (22) of the rubber layer (2) and the inner side surface is as follows: a1 And is more than or equal to A2.
3. A method of varying the stiffness of the axlebox positioning node of claim 1 by adjusting rubber layer parameters, wherein: the axle box positioning node is in a structure that a rubber layer (2) is vulcanized and bonded on the outer side of a mandrel (1), a split outer sleeve (3) is arranged on the outer side of the rubber layer (2), and an integral outer sleeve (4) is arranged on the outer side of the split outer sleeve (3), wherein the rubber layer (2) is of a hollow I-shaped structure, two ends of the I-shaped outer side face are connected with the middle inner concave face through a first inclined surface (21), and two end faces are connected with the hollow inner side face through a second inclined surface (22); the values of all parameters of the rubber layer (2) are adjusted to change the different rigidity values of the axle box positioning node in all directions so as to meet the different rigidity requirements of vehicles of different types on the axle box positioning node in all directions.
4. A method of varying axle housing positioning node stiffness by adjusting rubber layer parameters as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the adjusting values of the parameters of the rubber layer (2) comprises: the length L1 of the inner concave surface between the two inclined planes I (21) on the outer side of the adjusting rubber layer (2) and the length L2 between the two inclined planes II (22) on the hollow inner side of the adjusting rubber layer (2) are larger, when the values of L1 and L2 are larger, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger, and the axial rigidity is smaller; when the values of L1 and L2 are smaller, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller, and the axial rigidity is larger; wherein L1 is less than or equal to L2.
5. A method of varying axle housing positioning node stiffness by adjusting rubber layer parameters as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the values of the parameters of the adjusting rubber layer (2) further comprise: the thickness D1 of concave rubber in the rubber layer (2) and the thickness D2 between the inclined plane I (21) and the inclined plane II (22) of the rubber layer (2) are adjusted, and when the value of D1 is larger, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; when the value of D1 is smaller, the radial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; and when the value of D2 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; the smaller the value of D2, the greater the axial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node.
6. A method of varying axle housing positioning node stiffness by adjusting rubber layer parameters as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the values of the parameters of the adjusting rubber layer (2) further comprise: adjusting the height H1 between the outermost side and the inner side of the rubber layer (2), wherein when the value of H1 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; the smaller the value of H1, the less the axial stiffness of the axlebox positioning node.
7. A method of varying axle housing positioning node stiffness by adjusting rubber layer parameters as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the values of the parameters of the adjusting rubber layer (2) further comprise: an angle A1 between the inclined surface I (21) of the adjusting rubber layer (2) and the inner concave surface and an angle A2 between the inclined surface II (22) of the adjusting rubber layer (2) and the inner side surface; when the value of A1 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; when the value of A1 is smaller, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; and when the value of A2 is larger, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is larger; when the value of A2 is smaller, the axial rigidity of the axle box positioning node is smaller; wherein A1 is more than or equal to A2.
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| CN108980245B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-05-14 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Assembling method of split motor spherical hinge and motor spherical hinge |
| CN110345193B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-06-07 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Forming method of liquid rubber composite node with external groove runner and node |
| CN113788041B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Method for reducing primary suspension vibration and noise and primary suspension vibration reduction system |
| WO2023077331A1 (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-11 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Liquid rubber composite node having small radial to axial stiffness ratio |
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| JP2000142398A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Rubber vibration isolator of axle arm device for rolling stock |
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