CN107773223A - A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave and acquisition pulse wave peak shape parameter method - Google Patents
A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave and acquisition pulse wave peak shape parameter method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0064—Body surface scanning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
- A61B5/02427—Details of sensor
- A61B5/02433—Details of sensor for infrared radiation
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02438—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
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- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave and obtain pulse wave peak shape parameter method, including pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control and processing unit, supply unit, with finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover set, the finger instrument is worn on measurand finger, and pulse wave sensing device and finger tip set are placed in finger tip；Finger pipe sleeve is worn on finger, and casing forms overall structure, and is provided for above-mentioned other devices and finger tip set and contained space；Pulse wave sensing device is controlled with electric signal and electrically connected with processing unit, and pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control work with processing unit under the driving of supply unit.It is simple and reliable that the present invention obtains pulse wave finger instrument, can quickly, it is online, immediately determine organism pulse wave signal, for further acquisition heart rate, blood pressure information, wearable device, on-line monitoring equipment can be widely used in.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensing technology and physiological parameter analysis determination techniques, and in particular to real-time online pulse wave extract with
Analytical technology, especially by continuous pulse wave information is obtained online further to obtain the physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, with true
Surely tested object real-time physiological parameter, the health status of measurand is held in time；It the method can be widely used in quick, smart
Really, the physiologic informations such as the pulse wave of analyzed organism online, are immediately determined, these data can be that user understands in time
Human health status, and can understands the physiological status of individual usually for professionals such as doctors and provides help, more effective to make
More targetedly Gernral Check-up.
Background technology
With the improvement of living standards, people are increasingly paid close attention to health.It is traditional in a manner of Hospital Physical Examination, diagnosis
Although health service still have the status that can not be shaken, people have been no longer satisfied with these traditional approach
Service, wherein it is the most prominent to provide the real-time physiological parameter measurement system based on mobile communication equipment.Real-time physiological is joined
Number measurement system combines a variety of sensing technologies, can provide Physiological And Biochemical Parameters at any time for people, convenient use person understands life in time
Reason situation, to take corresponding health care measure；These data also can be to provide reference, to understand during doctor's diagnosis and treatment simultaneously
The physiological status of patient usually.The wearable health medical treatment equipment of real-time online gathers the physiological data of human body in real time, is mobile
The entrance of health medical treatment service industry, the health medical treatment service to be analyzed based on big data provide susceptible of proof science source, must
To as the basis of health medical treatment service trade, be following trend.Credit Suisse's net (ABI) report shows wearable technology market
Scale will rise to hundred million dollars of 300-500 in 2 to three years in future by hundred million dollars current of 30-50.ABI data expect
The wearable device whole world is up to 4.85 hundred million within 2018.China's prediction network data show, Chinese wearable portable shifting in 2012
Dynamic medical device market marketing scale reaches 4.2 hundred million yuan, it is contemplated that by 2015, this market scale will be more than 1,000,000,000 yuan, 2017
The wearable portable mobile medical device market scale of China is close to 5,000,000,000 yuan.Heart rate measurement is the most basic of wearable device acquisition
Physiological parameter, obtaining this parameter mainly has two kinds of technologies：Photo-electric and electrocardio formula.Photo-electric passes through superficial skin arterial blood pair
The changes of specific wavelength light absorbs calculates heart rate；Electrocardio formula determines ecg curve by finger or skin, so as to obtain heart rate.
Both approaches are all very classical measure heart rate technologies, it is necessary to the close contact of equipment and human body, and need to exclude outside
The factors such as light, electricity are disturbed, and could obtain reliable heart rate data.But use the online the real time measure heart rate of wearable device
When, because user is often in motion state, it is difficult to ensure that the bar of the acquisition reliability data required for both the above technology
Part.In fact, as people are to the pursuit more and more higher of health, people to understanding the data such as physiological parameter such as rate pressure at any time
There is urgent requirement；Particularly the quasi- hypertensive patient of hypertension the latter, the continuous online blood pressure parameter that obtains are examined them
Disconnected and health control is all very necessary.Continuously acquire pulse wave in addition to hospital's professional test test equipment, Ren Menye
Understand the physiological status of oneself at any time studying various convenient techniques and means for user:Such as transmitted by testing pulse wave
Time etc. determines mean blood pressure, keeps constant constant blood to hold method by the blood flow flowed through in the artery that pressurizes, and pass through
Analyze method that artery wins waveform etc..Traditionally, these methods are used for professional person, more complicated, in normal conditions
Under be not readily available authentic data, be applicable crowd and use range it is limited.These factors result in these technologies and product existing
The performance that can not have had for wearable device market.Therefore, if existing pulse wave acquisition methods can be improved, enable to be applicable
Pulse wave is obtained in wearable device, such technology and product have huge market value basis and demand.
The present invention is on the basis of the various technologies and implementation that research obtains the physiological parameters such as pulse wave, with reference to sensing
Device, electronic circuit, structure design and data analysis technique, a kind of measure finger instrument available for real-time online pulse wave is invented
With acquisition pulse wave peak shape parameter method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave, so as to user or other user's energy
The basic vital sign parameters such as heart rate, the blood pressure of tested human body are further understood in real time；This just can not only timely and effectively take
The healthy measure such as health care, improve the health status of organism, and can find to jeopardize life in time under special emergency
The signal of life, plays forewarning function.The purpose of the present invention also provides a kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave and obtains pulse wave
Peak shape parameter method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has following technical scheme：
A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave of the present invention, including a pulse wave sensing device, an electric signal
Control covers three agllutination components with processing unit, a supply unit, a finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover,
Pulse wave sensing device is used to obtain organism pulse beat signals in real time；
Electric signal controls and processing unit be used for conversion electric power, the information that control pulse wave sensing device obtains mode and
Frequency, call pre-set programs to carry out computing the information of acquisition, and obtained information and follow-up other devices are entered into row information and handed over
Change transmission；
Supply unit provides work energy for whole finger instrument, and supply unit can be used as internal battery or external power source；
Finger tip set is the finger tip external member of both sides otch, and respectively leaves in upper and lower and fixed for pulse wave sensing device
And the position that light passes through；
Finger pipe sleeve is the middle ring-type or tubular casing structural member with rib, for finger instrument to be fixed on into finger；
Casing cover set forms closing and insulating space for the strong structure of lid, and finger pipe sleeve；
It is pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control and place that finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve and casing cover, which cover three agllutination components,
Manage device and supply unit provides machinery and supported, and be designed for easy to wear finger tip；
The finger instrument is worn on measurand finger, and pulse wave sensing device and finger tip set are placed in finger tip；
Finger pipe sleeve is worn on finger, and casing forms overall structure, and is provided for above-mentioned other devices and finger tip set and contained sky
Between；Pulse wave sensing device is controlled with electric signal and electrically connected with processing unit, and supply unit is pulse wave sensing device, electric signal
Control provides electric energy with processing unit, and pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control are with processing unit under the driving of supply unit
Work；
The finger instrument is to determine that frequency acquisition finger tip blood flow volume changes over time；Wherein, the determination frequency should be higher than that
More than 10 times of heart rate, to ensure the reliability of data and precision；
The finger instrument is placed in finger end, obtains pulse beat signals respectively in a continuous manner.
Wherein, the finger tip set is provided with the finger tip set type structure part of notch for both sides, and this structure is flexible, and one
After denier fixes, it is not necessary to adjust, convenient use, improve the comfortableness of user's wearing.
Wherein, the finger tip set is made up of flexible high polymer material or metal material, rather than tradition is set
Such as rubber flexible material used in meter；To ensure that fingertip has mechanical strength and mechanical property, improve and believed
Number reliability.
Wherein, the pulse wave sensing device includes photoelectric sphyg sensor and LED, and photoelectric sphyg sensor is positioned at tested
Below the skin of finger end, LED is located above the nail at finger end；The LED is a minimum infrared LED, coordinates suitable light
Electric pulse transducer, improve the anti-extraneous light interference performance from visible-range of finger instrument.
Wherein, in 800nm-980nm infrared band, the wave band is the infrared LED wavelength of the pulse wave sensing device
Health safety band, while when blood also can be preferable, this improves the sensitivity of signal and safety in utilization.
Wherein, the photoelectric sphyg sensor is with the photoelectric sensor sensitive to infrared wavelength.
Wherein, the photoelectric sphyg sensor is spectrum sensor, and the spectrum sensor is the photoelectricity for having narrowband response
Pulse transducer, its response curve are based on illuminant characterization line wavelength intensity distribution.
Wherein, photoelectric sphyg sensor uses spectrum sensor, and the photoelectric sphyg that spectrum sensor has narrowband response passes
Sensor, its response curve are based on LED light source characteristic spectral line wave-length coverage and its intensity distribution.
Wherein, the photoelectric sphyg sensor is brilliant by the optical band pass filter or photon of spectral wavelength selection function
The assembling device either integrated device of body and photoelectric sensor composition；The photoelectric sphyg sensor can by wave filter or
The optical wavelength scope of photonic crystal should match with the characteristic spectrum wave-length coverage of light source, and to spectrum in these wave-length coverages
There is higher transmissivity, the spectrum beyond these wave-length coverages f hardlyes pass through.
Wherein, photoelectric sphyg sensor is partly led including element semiconductor, compound semiconductor, organic semiconductor, macromolecule
Body form photoelectric sensor photodiode, phototriode, photo resistance, photoelectric multiplier, photocell, CMOS, CCD,
Or electric charge injection sensor.
Wherein, finger pipe sleeve is that some ribs are distributed with inner side, helps to reduce the deadweight of finger instrument, strengthens gas permeability, carry
The comfort level of high user；The fingertip, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover set are connected to become entirety with snap close mode, whole to ensure
The mechanical strength and reliability of body structure, efficiency of assembling is improved, reduce production cost.
Wherein, for the finger instrument in test, the pressure for putting on finger tip test position should be less than the normal of organism
Auterial diastole pressure, to ensure the comfort level of human body, and avoid the influence to human vein circulation.
Wherein, electric signal control and processing unit supply voltage is changed first so that the voltage of supply unit and
Electric current adapts to the demand of the circuit of electric signal control and processing unit；Electric signal controls and processing unit uses Micro-processor MCV
Or the device such as digital signal processor DSP, the mode and frequency of the information that control pulse wave sensing device obtains, and to obtaining
Information call pre-set programs to carry out computing, further to electric signal and handle, including amplification, AD conversion, DA conversions, several
According to transmission, level conversion etc., these signals are made to be mutually distinguishable and use between different device；
Wherein, electric signal control and processing unit can also transmit a signal to follow-up other devices and receive from follow-up
The information of device；The transmission mode realizes the transmission of data using wired or wireless communication modes, it is such as wired just like
I2C, serial port etc., it is wireless just like WIFI, bluetooth, or radio honeycomb communication etc..
A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave of the present invention obtains pulse wave peak shape parameter method, there is following steps：
First, the pulse beat signals of measurand test position are obtained at any time by the pulse wave sensing device of finger instrument
Between Dynamic Signal, the signal reflects intra-arterial, and in heartbeat, blood flow changes with time during compression and during diastole
That is pulse wave；
Then ButterWorth filtering process is carried out to data：If do not have by ButterWorth Filter data
There are the drift on the longitudinal axis, i.e., two straight lines connected by the minimum of more every 50 data, if this straight line and level
Line is parallel or absolute value with horizontal angle is no more than 5 degree, then it is assumed that does not have motion to be processed to float in current sampling
Move, inversefouriertransform is done to the data of ButterWorth filter filterings, extracts the frequency spectrum of maximum and second largest frequency spectrum
Whether to examine the frequency of the two close to double relation, if error is within the scope of 5%, it is believed that physiological data has obtained
It must succeed, otherwise data are nonconforming, abandon；If the motion drift more than threshold value, multi-channel data weight is carried out to data
Structure, blind source separating is done by fastICA algorithms, herein, the motion that can not be estimated in advance is a signal source, passes through independence
The method of PCA come estimate this introduces a collection correct motion caused by data deviation, it is possible to the data source of return have it is multiple,
And be movement on the longitudinal axis by the characteristics of motor, while this signal is a stable low frequency signal, this feature makes it
Other signals are different from, by simple spectrum analysis, the frequency signal of maximum is calculated, if less than 1Hz, just substantially recognizes
Surely it is motion source signal；Baseline filtering, correction, smoothing processing are carried out to the signal obtained by above method, eliminate gained
The false information that noise and disturbing factor introduce into pulse wave signal, obtain reacting the true waveform of pulse wave；
Carry out extreme value cycle and statistical analysis finally by pulse wave signal, with determine two in a cycle or
Three maximum, further determine that and shrink peak and diastole peak：If statistical analysis shows that a cycle only has two maximum, pole
Big value is between two minimums, wherein previous minimum is less than the latter minimum, then to shrink peak, if previous pole
Small value is more than the latter minimum, then is diastole peak；If three maximum in a cycle be present, except shrinking peak and relaxing
Beyond Zhang Feng, reflection peak be present, first minimum of reflection peak is overlapping with second minimum for shrinking peak, second minimum
Value and first minimum at diastole peak overlap.By above-mentioned steps, it effectively can quickly obtain diastole peak in pulse wave, shrink
The characteristic waveform signatures information of peak and reflection peak includes parameter, the spectrum distributions such as time cycle, intensity, and these characteristic informations can
The physiological parameter such as arterial pressure and heart rate of individual are tested for further analysis.
In a word, typical pulse beat signals as shown in Figure 1 are obtained using above finger instrument and method, these data are logical
Waveform analysis and correlation analysis are crossed, the arterial pressure of organism is accurately obtained online and the parameter such as heart rate provides the foundation number
According to.
Due to taking above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages：
1) present invention improves signal quality using the finger tip nested structure of fixed both sides otch, while also ensure that and make
With comfortableness, operation is simplified.
2) it is relatively low that the pressure ratio of test position is put in the present invention, the comfort of user is improved, expands such
Equipment uses crowd.
3) present invention obtains data using the sensing finger instrument of miniaturization, and whole finger instrument small volume, from heavy and light is easy to wear
Wear, monitored available for real time physiologic status.
4) present invention uses the sensing technology of low-power consumption, reliable and secure, finger instrument power consumption can be reduced, when extension works online
Between.
5) finger instrument of the invention is simple in construction, and configuration is flexible, wide adaptation range, both can be used alone for obtaining arteries and veins
Fight ripple signal, can also extraction heart rate and blood pressure etc. for further analysis, provide possibility for real-time monitoring physiological parameters.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Typical pulse wave signal schematic diagram；
Fig. 2：The schematic diagram of the example one of the present invention；
Fig. 3：The schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4：The casing cover nested structure body schematic diagram of finger instrument of the present invention；.
Fig. 5-1：The finger sleeve pipe structure body overall schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 5-2：Fig. 5-1 axial view；
Fig. 6：The finger tip nested structure body schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7：The process of analysis and the schematic diagram of result of the present invention.
In figure, 1, pulse wave sensing device；2nd, electric signal control and processing unit；3rd, supply unit；4th, finger pipe sleeve；5、
LED；6th, finger tip set；7th, rib；8th, notch；9th, one is latched；10th, two are latched.
Embodiment
The present invention just illustrates embodiments of the present invention using finger instrument and the method that pulse wave is monitored on human body.
A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave of the present invention, including a pulse wave sensing device, an electric signal
Control and processing unit, a supply unit, and a finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover cover three agllutination components,
Pulse wave sensing device is used to obtain organism pulse beat signals in real time；
Electric signal controls and processing unit be used for conversion electric power, the information that control pulse wave sensing device obtains mode and
Frequency, call pre-set programs to carry out computing the information of acquisition, and obtained information and follow-up other devices are entered into row information and handed over
Change transmission；
Supply unit provides work energy for whole finger instrument, and supply unit can be used as internal battery or external power source；
Finger tip set is the finger tip external member of both sides otch, and respectively leaves in upper and lower and fixed for pulse wave sensing device
And the position that light passes through；
Finger pipe sleeve is the middle ring-type or tubular casing structural member with rib, for finger instrument to be fixed on into finger；
Casing cover set forms closing and insulating space for the strong structure of lid, and finger pipe sleeve；
It is pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control and place that finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve and casing cover, which cover three agllutination components,
Manage device and supply unit provides machinery and supported, and be designed for easy to wear finger tip；
The finger instrument is worn on measurand finger, and pulse wave sensing device and finger tip set are placed in finger tip；
Finger pipe sleeve is worn on finger, and casing forms overall structure, and is provided for above-mentioned other devices and finger tip set and contained sky
Between；Pulse wave sensing device is controlled with electric signal and electrically connected with processing unit, and supply unit is pulse wave sensing device, electric signal
Control provides electric energy with processing unit, and pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control are with processing unit under the driving of supply unit
Work；
The finger instrument is to determine that frequency acquisition finger tip blood flow volume changes over time；Wherein, the determination frequency should be higher than that
More than 10 times of heart rate, to ensure the reliability of data and precision；
The finger instrument is placed in finger end, obtains pulse beat signals in a continuous manner；The pulse beat signals are
Obtained with infrared method, the reaction of pulse beat signals is change of the intravascular blood flow with pulse, and full name is that blood holds pulse wave；
Although the method for machinery can also obtain pulse wave, substantially pressure pulse wave.
The finger tip set is provided with the finger tip set type structure part of notch for both sides, and this structure is flexible, once it is solid
After setting, it is not necessary to adjust, convenient use, improve the comfortableness of user's wearing.
The finger tip set is made up of flexible high polymer material or metal material, rather than is adopted in traditional design
Such as rubber flexible material；To ensure that fingertip has mechanical strength and mechanical property, improve obtained signal can
By property.
The pulse wave sensing device includes photoelectric sphyg sensor and LED, and photoelectric sphyg sensor is located at tested finger
Hold below skin, LED is located above the nail at finger end；The LED is a minimum infrared LED, coordinates suitable photoelectricity arteries and veins
Fight sensor, improve the anti-extraneous light interference performance from visible-range of finger instrument.
The infrared LED wavelength of the pulse wave sensing device in 800nm-980nm infrared band, for human body be good for by the wave band
Health safety band, while when blood also can be preferable, this improves the sensitivity of signal and safety in utilization.
The photoelectric sphyg sensor is with the photoelectric sensor sensitive to infrared wavelength.
The photoelectric sphyg sensor is spectrum sensor, and the spectrum sensor is that the photoelectric sphyg with narrowband response passes
Sensor, its response curve are based on illuminant characterization line wavelength intensity distribution.
Photoelectric sphyg sensor uses spectrum sensor, and spectrum sensor has the photoelectric sphyg sensor of narrowband response,
Its response curve is based on LED light source characteristic spectral line wave-length coverage and its intensity distribution.
The photoelectric sphyg sensor be by spectral wavelength selection function optical band pass filter or photonic crystal with
The assembling device of photoelectric sensor composition either integrated device；The photoelectric sphyg sensor can pass through wave filter or photon
The optical wavelength scope of crystal should match with the characteristic spectrum wave-length coverage of light source, and have to spectrum in these wave-length coverages compared with
High transmissivity, the spectrum beyond these wave-length coverages f hardly pass through.
Photoelectric sphyg sensor includes element semiconductor, compound semiconductor, organic semiconductor, semiconducting polymer's composition
Photoelectric sensor photodiode, phototriode, photo resistance, photoelectric multiplier, photocell, CMOS, CCD or electricity
Lotus injects sensor.
Finger pipe sleeve is that some ribs are distributed with inner side, helps to reduce the deadweight of finger instrument, strengthens gas permeability, improve and use
The comfort level of person；The fingertip, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover set are connected to become entirety with snap close mode, to ensure overall structure
Mechanical strength and reliability, improve efficiency of assembling, reduce production cost.
In test, the pressure for putting on finger tip test position should be less than the natural arterial of organism and relaxes the finger instrument
Pressure is opened, to ensure the comfort level of human body, and avoids the influence to human vein circulation.
Electric signal is controlled and processing unit is changed to supply voltage first, so that the voltage and current of supply unit is fitted
Answer the demand of the circuit of electric signal control and processing unit；Electric signal controls and processing unit uses Micro-processor MCV or number
The devices such as word signal processor DSP, the mode and frequency of the information that control pulse wave sensing device obtains, and to the information of acquisition
Call pre-set programs to carry out computing, further to electric signal and handle, including amplification, AD conversion, DA conversions, data biography
Send, level conversion etc., these signals is mutually distinguishable and is used between different device；
Electric signal controls and processing unit can also transmit a signal to follow-up other devices and receive to come from follow up device
Information；The transmission mode realizes the transmission of data using wired or wireless communication modes, such as wired just like I2C, string
Row mouth etc., it is wireless just like WIFI, bluetooth, or radio honeycomb communication etc..
A kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave of the present invention obtains pulse wave peak shape parameter method, there is following steps：
First, the pulse beat signals of measurand test position are obtained at any time by the pulse wave sensing device of finger instrument
Between Dynamic Signal, the signal reflects intra-arterial, and in heartbeat, blood flow changes with time during compression and during diastole
That is pulse wave；
Then ButterWorth filtering process is carried out to data：If do not have by ButterWorth Filter data
There are the drift on the longitudinal axis, i.e., two straight lines connected by the minimum of more every 50 data, if this straight line and level
Line is parallel or absolute value with horizontal angle is no more than 5 degree, then it is assumed that does not have motion to be processed to float in current sampling
Move, inversefouriertransform is done to the data of ButterWorth filter filterings, extracts the frequency spectrum of maximum and second largest frequency spectrum
Whether to examine the frequency of the two close to double relation, if error is within the scope of 5%, it is believed that physiological data has obtained
It must succeed, otherwise data are nonconforming, abandon；If the motion drift more than threshold value, multi-channel data weight is carried out to data
Structure, blind source separating is done by fastICA algorithms, herein, the motion that can not be estimated in advance is a signal source, passes through independence
The method of PCA come estimate this introduces a collection correct motion caused by data deviation, it is possible to the data source of return have it is multiple,
And be movement on the longitudinal axis by the characteristics of motor, while this signal is a stable low frequency signal, this feature makes it
Other signals are different from, by simple spectrum analysis, the frequency signal of maximum is calculated, if less than 1Hz, just substantially recognizes
Surely it is motion source signal；Baseline filtering, correction, smoothing processing are carried out to the signal obtained by above method, eliminate gained
The false information that noise and disturbing factor introduce into pulse wave signal, obtain reacting the true waveform of pulse wave；
Carry out extreme value cycle and statistical analysis finally by pulse wave signal, with determine two in a cycle or
Three maximum, further determine that and shrink peak and diastole peak：If statistical analysis shows that a cycle only has two maximum, pole
Big value is between two minimums, wherein previous minimum is less than the latter minimum, then to shrink peak, if previous pole
Small value is more than the latter minimum, then is diastole peak；If three maximum in a cycle be present, except shrinking peak and relaxing
Beyond Zhang Feng, reflection peak be present, first minimum of reflection peak is overlapping with second minimum for shrinking peak, second minimum
Value and first minimum at diastole peak overlap.By above-mentioned steps, it effectively can quickly obtain diastole peak in pulse wave, shrink
The characteristic waveform signatures information of peak and reflection peak includes parameter, the spectrum distributions such as time cycle, intensity, and these characteristic informations can
The physiological parameter such as arterial pressure and heart rate of individual are tested for further analysis.
Blood can produce fluctuation with heartthrob in human body artery.At body surface, this fluctuation can be also perceived
Arrive, simply have difference in the different perceived powers of position institute.For example diagnosis by feeling the pulse known to the traditional Chinese medical science is exactly to pass through sense
Know radial artery to produce pulse amplitude difference in diverse locations such as the cun, guan and chi, three places at the wrist where the pulse is usually taken of wrist and realize.In fact, arteries and
Connected capillary all exist with because of heart contraction and diastole and caused by arteriogram, this arteriogram is to approach 10m/
S speed whole body propagate, from big arteria carotis to finger tip, the arterial capillary at ear end all fluctuated with the identical rhythm and pace of moving things,
Here it is arteriogram, that is, the pulse beating that people perceive at body surface.The flowing of arteriogram in the blood vessel mainly produces
Two kinds of effects：First, arterial blood produces pressure under the pump pressure of heart, to arteries side wall, this blood being typically referred to as
Pressure；Second of effect be because left ventricle the blood volume that blood pumps out initial stage is big, and the closing for being decreased to diastole is not projecting blood penetrating
Liquid, therefore endarterial blood flow volume is also to change with heart contraction relaxation cycle.Both changes are referred to as pulse
Ripple, the former is referred to as pulse pressure pulse wave, is obtained by resistance pressure type, pressure-volume or the sensor-type pulse transducer of piezo-electric type；The latter is referred to as
Blood holds pulse wave, is typically obtained by photo-electric arterial volume sensor.Either pulse pressure pulse wave or blood hold pulse wave, accumulate
Containing substantial amounts of Human Physiology information, the rhythm and pace of moving things pulse frequency of arteriopalmus is heart rate, and the waveform change of pulse wave and rhythm and pace of moving things situation are straight
The reversed health status for reflecting the human circulation decorum, such as the contraction and diastole of artery, blood vessel elasticity, acra microcirculation situation.People
The some lesions of body also influence whether the rhythm and pace of moving things and shape of pulse wave, such as hypertension, and hyperlipemia, this is also pulse wave spectrum
One of physiology and physical basis.
Fig. 1 is to hold pulse wave by the actually measured blood of photoelectric method.It can be seen that the blood volume of intravascular artery is over time
Very well-regulated variation occurs, this variable cycle is identical with heart beat cycles, and its frequency is heart rate.In a pulsation
In cycle, we can also be seen that some volume variations, correspond to the contraction and diastole of heart, and shrink and the heart during diastole
Dirty blood of penetrating slows down caused tidal wave.Substantial amounts of medical science and Physiologic Studies as shown by data, the waveform and arterial blood of pulse wave are pressed with
Very strong correlation, the experienced traditional Chinese medical science to the trickle experience of pulse by judging the height of blood pressure substantially.However, pass
The pulse wave measuring of system is generally being tested near position of radial artery, and pressure pulse wave, this method are obtained with pressure sensor
Location sensitive, device volume is big, should not obtain reliable waveform.Also there is research to hold pulse wave method using the photoelectric blood of finger tip to obtain
Pulse wave is taken, these device generally use flexible materials, such as rubber, makes fingerstall, or finger is clamped with the method for clip
It is fixed, but these devices are typically only capable to obtain relatively coarse pulse wave signal, are used for blood oxygen saturation monitoring, it is impossible to
For extracting reliable pulse wave signal.Solves the predicament of these conventional methods in the present invention：Pass through the finger tip of both-side opening
Nested structure is used as the core devices of pulse wave test, so can both obtain reliable signal, improve Consumer's Experience again, simultaneously
A set of method suitable for the fast and reliable acquisition detailed waveform parameter of pulse wave of the finger instrument is have studied on this basis again, to enter
One step is provided the foundation using these pulse wave signals, and possibility is provided for monitoring human body physiological parameter in real time.
Finger instrument of the Fig. 2 as according to the online acquisition pulse wave designed by above-mentioned principle, including pulse wave sensing device,
Three structural members such as electric signal controls and processing unit, supply unit and finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve and casing cover cover.Figure
In designate LED, Photoelectric sphygmograph sensor, electric signal control and processing unit, the position of supply unit.Electric signal control and
Processing unit is operated under the driving of power supply, and Fig. 3 is circuit general principle figure.Casing cover set, finger pipe sleeve and receipts finger tip
Set is also illustrated in Fig. 4, Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2 and Fig. 6 respectively.
Pulse wave sensing device is used to obtain human body artery beating information in real time.Pulse wave sensing device holds pulse using blood
Wave sensor, changed with time information with obtaining pulse wave in real time.Blood holds pulse transducer and uses semiconductor photosensor
Light signal strength change caused by the change of intra-arterial blood flow is monitored, so as to obtain pulse wave signal.Pulse wave sensing device is placed in
Human body is tested to contain abundant arterial vascular finger tips.
To ensure the close contact of pulse wave sensing device and tested tissue and not causing the discomfort of tested human body
Sense, it is extremely important to make finger tip set to select suitable material and structure.Here it is possible to the factor of adjustment includes：Material
Matter, fingertip lateral opening size, making material thickness etc., it is ensured that finger tip set has suitable elasticity, to ensure that pulse is fought
Kinetic energy is accurately and reliably sensed by sensor.Finger tip set face shaping can be made into bar shaped, banding pattern, set type, folder shape
Etc. shape, to adapt to the shape at tested position, comfort level and aesthetics are improved.
Electric signal controls and processing unit is used to transmit the electric signal of control device and pulse wave sensing device and located
Reason, makes these signals to be mutually distinguishable and use between different device.The function of electric signal process unit include it is anti-phase, compare,
Amplification, AD conversion, DA conversions, signal modulation etc..
Electric signal controls and control device is using devices such as Micro-processor MCV, CPU or digital signal processor DSPs；Knot
Close down and enter formula software, the mode and frequency of the information obtained for pulse sensing module, and default journey is called to the information of acquisition
Sequence carry out background correction, filtering, deconvolution, differential, integrate, compare, interpolation, iteration, recurrence, wavelet analysis, Fourier transform
Deng computing.
Electric signal controls and processing unit can also send obtained electrical signal information to follow-up other devices and receiving
Information from follow-up other devices；The transmission mode realizes the transmission of data using wired or wireless communication modes, such as
Wired I2C, serial port etc., wireless WIFI, bluetooth, or radio honeycomb communication etc..
Pulse wave sensing device is under electric signal control and the control of processing unit with more than 100Hz frequency collection signals.
To enable apparatus above to be conveniently worn, finger pipe sleeve and finger lid set are also extremely important.Using middle reinforcement
Finger pipe sleeve both can help to close attachment, and and can mitigates weight, moreover it is possible to strengthens the various sizes of adaptability of finger.Casing cover set
It is main to consider easily to process and assemble.Here, casing cover set and finger pipe sleeve are connected using lock.
Pulse wave data are obtained by above finger instrument, are further processed obtaining continuous pulse wave peak shape parameter
Method is：First, pulse wave sensing finger instrument obtains the light intensity of measurand test position with the Dynamic Signal of time, the signal
Reflect intra-arterial heartbeat during compression and during diastole blood flow change with time i.e. pulse wave；
Then the processing such as baseline correction, filtering, smooth, pulse obtained by elimination are carried out respectively by the signal to being obtained
False information that noise and disturbing factor introduce in ripple signal etc., obtain reacting the true waveform of pulse wave；
Carry out extreme value cycle and statistical analysis finally by pulse wave signal, with determine two in a cycle or
Three maximum, further determine that and shrink peak and diastole peak：If statistical analysis shows that a cycle only has two maximum, pole
Big value is between two minimums, wherein previous minimum is less than the latter minimum, then to shrink peak, if previous pole
Small value is more than the latter minimum, then is diastole peak；If three maximum in a cycle be present, except shrinking peak and relaxing
Beyond Zhang Feng, reflection peak be present, first minimum of reflection peak is overlapping with second minimum for shrinking peak, second minimum
Value and first minimum at diastole peak overlap.By above-mentioned steps, it effectively can quickly obtain diastole peak in pulse wave, shrink
The characteristic waveform signatures information such as peak and reflection peak, such as time cycle, intensity parameter, spectrum distribution etc., these information can be with
Physiological parameter such as arterial pressure and heart rate of individual etc. is tested for further analyzing.
Each device in the present invention carries out flexible configuration as needed.Such as the blood appearance number of multiple wavelength is determined simultaneously
According to can hold pulse sensing in blood and wherein configure the light sources of multiple wavelength, to obtain the physiologic information of blood oxygen simultaneously.It can also enter
Temperature sensor, electrocardiography transducer, blood are held pulse transducer and blood pressure pulse sensor and are arranged on simultaneously in device by one step,
Further obtain the more physiological parameter on the circulatory system., can be by Electric signal processing to reduce the apparent size of finger instrument
Integrated data storage further with control device and display device, to form independent physiological parameter measurement system.Supply unit
Both externally fed can be used, battery can also be used.To improve the convenience used, with reference to appropriate structure design, outside
It is aided with shell made of rigid material or overcoat, the comfort level of user can be improved, strengthens Consumer's Experience.With reference to modern communication
Technology, emergency can also be reminded, early warning or alarm.
Embodiment one
Fig. 2 is a kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave of the present invention, quick on skin to being attached to reduce human body
Sense and stimulation, the present embodiment are made the rib liner of finger pipe sleeve using enhanced natural rubber, see Fig. 5；Finger tip set uses
ABS material is made, and the notch that width 1.5mm length is 5mm is respectively provided with its both sides, and fixed LED openings are left in upper end, and opening is big
Small is 5mmX5mm, and 8mmXmm opening is left in lower end, for photoelectric sensor using fixing, sees Fig. 6.LED wavelength in this example
For 840nm, to by the use of infrared-sensitive photoelectric sensor pass as pulse the sensor of ripple sense module.Sensor obtains signal
By preposition amplification, then after two-stage is amplified, signal amplitude is in 1V or so.After AD conversion in MCU, believed with 100Hz
Number frequency, sends data signal to low-power consumption bluetooth module, and be further transmitted to follow-up equipment.
Follow-up signal handler carries out the processing such as carry out baseline correction, numerical filtering, removes noise and the letter of interference
Number.Extreme value analysis are carried out to filtered signal again, the flex point in signal can be obtained.These flex points are arranged in chronological order
Table, by above-mentioned extreme value principle, it is determined that the diastole peak and contraction peak in each cycle.The process of data analysis is shown in Fig. 7 with result.
In this embodiment, electric signal control and processing unit exist in the form of one piece of circuit board, and supply unit uses
Lithium battery.The capacity of lithium battery is 110mA, and under the working condition of setting, the endurance of battery can reach 3 days, convenient
User, it is advantageously implemented continuous monitoring in 24 hours.Simultaneously to improve ease for use, stainless steel structure is employed in this embodiment
Part as shell with protect pulse sensing device, battery, electric signal control and processing unit fluid holding module, the structural member and
Bottom finger sleeve pipe structure part is formed entirety with fastener, and signal transmission uses low-power consumption bluetooth.
It the method can be widely used in the pulse wave for quickly and accurately determining people or other animals：Both can be independently using work
Blood pressure heart rate value is monitored for on-line continuous, other physiological parameter monitor and control facilitys and sports type wearable device can also be combined, is made
For a part for a multi-parameter physiology monitoring system, to determine the blood pressure of people or other animals, heart rate in real time.
Present invention acquisition pulse wave finger instrument is simple and reliable, can quickly, online, immediately determine organism pulse wave letter
Number, for further obtaining heart rate, blood pressure information, wearable device, on-line monitoring equipment can be widely used in.
It can be seen that the invention provides based on arteriopalmus from the finger instrument and method and the explanation of example of the present invention
Sensing, waveform analysis determine tested human body pulse wave finger instrument and method, and this method and finger instrument have real-time, continuous, low
Power consumption, equipment are simple, and configuration is flexible, the features such as having a wide range of application.It is but described above to limit the enforceable model of the present invention
Enclose, the obvious or unconspicuous change that every professional person is made on the basis of the present invention, modification or improvement, be regarded as not taking off
From the Spirit Essence of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave, it is characterised in that：Including a pulse wave sensing device, an electric signal Control and processing unit, a supply unit, a finger tip set, a finger pipe sleeve, a casing cover set,Pulse wave sensing device is used to obtain organism pulse beat signals in real time；Electric signal controls and processing unit is used for conversion electric power, the mode and frequency of the information that control pulse wave sensing device obtains Rate, call pre-set programs to carry out computing the information of acquisition, and obtained information and follow-up other devices are entered into row information and exchanged Transmission；Supply unit provides work energy for whole finger instrument, and supply unit can be used as internal battery or external power source；Finger tip set is the finger tip external member of both sides otch, and respectively leaves and is fixed for pulse wave sensing device and light in upper and lower The position that line passes through；Finger pipe sleeve is the middle ring-type or tubular casing structural member with rib, for finger instrument to be fixed on into finger；Casing cover set forms closing and insulating space for the strong structure of lid, and finger pipe sleeve；Finger tip set, finger pipe sleeve and casing cover set three agllutination components of composition are pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control and place Manage device and supply unit provides machinery and supported, and be designed for easy to wear finger tip；The finger instrument is worn on measurand finger, and pulse wave sensing device and finger tip set are placed in finger tip；Finger Pipe sleeve is worn on finger, and casing forms overall structure, and is provided for above-mentioned other devices and finger tip set and contained space；Arteries and veins Ripple sensing device of fighting controls with electric signal to be electrically connected with processing unit, and supply unit is pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control Electric energy is provided with processing unit, pulse wave sensing device, electric signal control work with processing unit under the driving of supply unit；The finger instrument is to determine that frequency acquisition finger tip blood flow volume changes over time；The finger instrument is placed in finger end, obtains pulse beat signals in a continuous manner.
- A kind of 2. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The finger tip set is two Side is provided with the finger tip set type structure part of notch.
- A kind of 3. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The finger tip set is by having Flexible high polymer material or metal material are made.
- A kind of 4. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pulse wave sensing dress Put including photoelectric sphyg sensor and LED, sensor is located at below tested finger end skin, and LED is located on the nail at finger end Side；The LED is a minimum infrared LED.
- A kind of 5. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The pulse wave sensing dress Infrared band of the infrared LED wavelength put in 800nm-980nm.
- A kind of 6. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The photoelectric sphyg sensing Device is with the photoelectric sensor sensitive to infrared wavelength.
- A kind of 7. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as described in claim 4-6, it is characterised in that：The photoelectric sphyg passes Sensor is spectrum sensor, and the spectrum sensor is the photoelectric sphyg sensor for having narrowband response, and its response curve is based on light Source characteristic spectral line Wavelength strength distribution.
- A kind of 8. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as described in claim 4 or 7, it is characterised in that：The photoelectric sphyg The combination that sensor is made up of the optical band pass filter or photonic crystal of spectral wavelength selection function with photoelectric sensor Device either integrated device.
- A kind of 9. online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Finger pipe sleeve is inner side point Some ribs are furnished with, the fingertip, finger pipe sleeve, casing cover set are connected to become entirety with snap close mode.
- 10. a kind of online finger instrument for obtaining pulse wave obtains pulse wave peak shape parameter method, it is characterised in that has following steps：First, the pulse beat signals of measurand test position are obtained with the time by the pulse wave sensing device of finger instrument Dynamic Signal, the signal reflects intra-arterial, and in heartbeat, blood flow changes with time during compression and during diastole, i.e., Pulse wave；Then ButterWorth filtering process is carried out to data：If there is no the longitudinal axis by ButterWorthFilter data On drift, i.e., two straight lines connected by the minimums of more every 50 data, if this straight line is parallel with horizontal line Or it is no more than 5 degree with the absolute value of horizontal angle, then it is assumed that there is no motion drift to be processed in current sampling, it is right The data of ButterWorth filter filterings do inversefouriertransform, extract maximum frequency spectrum and second largest frequency spectrum to examine Whether the frequency of the two is close to double relation, if error is within the scope of 5%, it is believed that physiological data obtains into Work(, otherwise data are nonconforming, abandon；If the motion drift more than threshold value, multi-channel data reconstruct is carried out to data, led to FastICA algorithms are crossed to do blind source separating, herein, the motion that can not be estimated in advance is a signal source, passes through isolated component The method of analysis come estimate this introduces a collection correct motion caused by data deviation, it is possible to the data source of return have it is multiple, and by The characteristics of motor is the movement on the longitudinal axis, while this signal is a stable low frequency signal, and this feature distinguishes it In other signals, by simple spectrum analysis, the frequency signal of maximum is calculated, if less than 1Hz, just substantially assert is Move source signal；Baseline filtering, correction, smoothing processing, arteries and veins obtained by elimination are carried out to the signal obtained by above method Fight the false information that noise and disturbing factor introduce in ripple signal, obtain reacting the true waveform of pulse wave；Extreme value cycle and statistical analysis are carried out finally by pulse wave signal, to determine two or three in a cycle Maximum, further determine that and shrink peak and diastole peak：If statistical analysis shows that a cycle only has two maximum, maximum Between two minimums, wherein previous minimum is less than the latter minimum, then to shrink peak, if previous minimum Then it is diastole peak more than the latter minimum；If three maximum in a cycle be present, except shrinking peak and diastole peak In addition, reflection peak be present, first minimum of reflection peak is overlapping with second minimum for shrinking peak, second minimum with First minimum overlapping at diastole peak.By above-mentioned steps, effectively can quickly obtain diastole peak in pulse wave, shrink peak with And the characteristic waveform signatures information of reflection peak includes parameter, spectrum distribution, these characteristic informations such as time cycle, intensity and can used The physiological parameter such as arterial pressure and heart rate of individual are tested in further analysis.
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| CN109864731A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-11 | 北京津发科技股份有限公司 | A kind of pulses measure method and apparatus and terminal device, readable storage medium storing program for executing |
| CN110584624A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Pulse wave feature point identification method based on included angle value |
| CN111631733A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-08 | 浙江澍源智能技术有限公司 | Arterial blood spectrum detection method and device |
| CN112869737A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-01 | 浙江大学山东工业技术研究院 | Non-contact human body blood oxygen saturation detection method |
| CN113729637A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-03 | 天津工业大学 | Fingerstall device for real-time air pressure tracking and air pressure tracking method |
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| CN111631733A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-08 | 浙江澍源智能技术有限公司 | Arterial blood spectrum detection method and device |
| CN111631733B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江澍源智能技术有限公司 | Arterial blood spectrum detection method and device |
| CN112869737A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-01 | 浙江大学山东工业技术研究院 | Non-contact human body blood oxygen saturation detection method |
| CN112869737B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-10-28 | 浙江大学山东工业技术研究院 | Non-contact human body blood oxygen saturation detection method |
| CN113729637A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-03 | 天津工业大学 | Fingerstall device for real-time air pressure tracking and air pressure tracking method |
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