CN107768837A - A kind of circular polarized antenna - Google Patents
A kind of circular polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107768837A CN107768837A CN201610671504.5A CN201610671504A CN107768837A CN 107768837 A CN107768837 A CN 107768837A CN 201610671504 A CN201610671504 A CN 201610671504A CN 107768837 A CN107768837 A CN 107768837A
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- polarized antenna
- medium grid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0241—Waveguide horns radiating a circularly polarised wave
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of circular polarized antenna, including linear polarized antenna source and circular polarizer, linear polarized antenna source is radiating line polarization wave;Circular polarizer is located above linear polarized antenna source, and line polarization wave is converted into circularly polarised wave, circular polarizer includes medium grid that is multiple vertical and be arrangeding in parallel, and multiple medium grid are in the horizontal direction to be mutually equidistantly arranged in order.The impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the invention for preferably having expanded millimeter wave antenna, the entire gain of antenna can also be effectively improved simultaneously, by being combined with 3D printing technique, difficulty of processing can be reduced, it is cost-effective, the present invention can be used for 5G mobile communication, suitable for the scene of the mobile communication such as the 5th generation in future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless mobile communications field, especially a kind of circular polarized antenna of high-gain.
Background technology
Antenna is the energy conversion device for receiving and sending electromagnetic wave in wireless communication system, is mobile radio system
In indispensable part.With the development of wireless mobile telecommunication technology, the requirement more and more higher to message transmission rate.
Millimeter wave frequency band possesses the communication bandwidth of the 7GHz without licence plate, can largely improve the speed of wireless telecommunications, realizes
The instant transmission of mass data.Because frequency is higher, loss of the signal during transmission is bigger, this just increasing to antenna
Benefit proposes higher index.On the other hand, in millimere-wave band, the volume very little of antenna, difficulty of processing is larger, and these are all to day
The design of line proposes higher requirement, and especially for circular polarized antenna, the difficulty of design will greatly improve.
For circular polarized antenna, the common method and technology realized at present are including following several:When double-fed technology,
The orthogonal signal that equal and phase difference is 90 ° by using two ports two amplitudes of application, can be in wider frequency
Circular polarisation is realized in section.But this technology needs more complicated feeding network, realizes that difficulty is very big in millimere-wave band.Second
Kind method is to use SF single feed mode, such as circular polarisation corner cut paster antenna, and the structure of this antenna is simple, is easily realized, but
It is smaller bandwidth, is not suitable for wide band application.And the third is to use circular polarizer, this technology is the process in propagation
In, the electromagnetic wave of linear polarization is changed into circularly polarised wave;Traditional circular polarizer include using the circular polarizer of metal pattern with
And dielectric polorization device.Metal pattern polarizer is easier to realize, but is lost bigger.And the processing of dielectric polorization device is compared
Complexity, it is difficult in millimere-wave band application.
On the other hand, in millimere-wave band, because space loss is bigger, therefore the gain for improving antenna seems especially heavy
Will.In traditional method, the gain for improving antenna typically uses aerial array.Aerial array requires more complicated transmission network
Network, realize that difficulty is larger, another convenience, feeding network also brings along extra loss of signal.And the another kind of the gain lifted
Method is to use recessed reflecting surface, can greatly improve the gain of antenna, but its space structure is more complicated, processing and installation
Difficulty is big.The third method is to use electromagnetic horn, and the development of electromagnetic horn is very ripe, can be very by increasing volume
Improve gain well.But the volume of electromagnetic horn is bigger, height is also higher, also improper in some application scenarios.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of circular polarized antenna, and it has high gain characteristics.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of circular polarized antenna, and it includes:Linear polarized antenna source, to radiate
Line polarization wave;Circular polarizer, above linear polarized antenna source, line polarization wave is converted into circularly polarised wave, circular polarizer
Including medium grid that is multiple vertical and be arrangeding in parallel, multiple medium grid are in the horizontal direction to be mutually equidistantly arranged in order.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, multiple medium grid form cylindrical structural, the both ends of each medium grid
Side surrounds the face of cylinder.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, circular polarizer also includes more than one dielectric ring, and dielectric ring is socketed in
Outside multiple medium grid, multiple medium grid are linked together.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, the dielectric constant of medium grid is more than 1.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, the height of medium grid is h, and the wavelength of line polarization wave is λ, h=2 λ.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, circular polarizer also includes more than one dielectric support, dielectric support
One end is connected with medium grid, and the other end of dielectric support is connected with linear polarized antenna source, linear polarized antenna source and medium grid
Between there is distance.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, multiple medium grid are arranged in order in the first direction, linear polarized antenna source
Polarised direction and first direction between angle be 45 °.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, linear polarized antenna source includes:Metal copper sheet, it has thickness;One side
Shape through hole, through metal copper sheet, and at the center of metal copper sheet, linear polarized antenna source produces linear polarization by square through hole
Ripple.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, linear polarized antenna source also includes two manholes, two manholes
Through metal copper sheet, and it is located at the both sides of square through hole respectively, circular polarizer includes two dielectric supports, two dielectric supports
One end is connected with two medium grid respectively, and the other end of two dielectric supports is respectively embedded into two manholes.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, multiple medium grid are arranged in order in the first direction, and square through hole has
Long side and short side, the length of long side are more than the length of short side, and the angle between long side and first direction is 45 °.
Circular polarized antenna as described above, wherein, circular polarizer is molded by 3D printing technique.
The characteristics of circular polarized antenna of the present invention and advantage are:
1st, circular polarized antenna of the invention, by setting circular polarizer, can be converted into circularly polarised wave by line polarization wave;Entelechy
Refraction of electromagnetic wave on the outside of circular polarizer can also be converged by refraction action, improve antenna by the multiple medium grid for changing device
Gain;
2nd, circular polarized antenna of the invention, by the way that circular polarizer is arranged into cylindrical structural, can be pointed to circular polarizer
The electromagnetic wave of outside all directions carries out refraction convergence, can effectively improve the gain of antenna;
3rd, circular polarized antenna of the invention, due to high gain characteristics, being particularly suitable for use in and requiring high to antenna gain
The transmitting and reception of millimeter wave, are combined with 3D printing technique in addition, can effectively solve millimeter wave be lost in transmitting procedure it is big,
The problem of millimeter wave antenna complex designing;
4th, circular polarized antenna of the invention, has expanded the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of millimeter wave antenna, while can also
The entire gain of antenna is effectively improved, is easy to process, it is cost-effective, available for 5G mobile communication, suitable for the 5th of future the
The scene of the mobile communication such as generation.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings is only intended to, in doing schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the circular polarized antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view of the circular polarized antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of the circular polarized antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the top view in linear polarized antenna source in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the top view of circular polarizer in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the side view of circular polarizer in the present invention.
Main element label declaration:
1 metal copper sheet
2nd, 9 manhole
3 square through holes
4th, 5 dielectric support
601st, 602,603,604,605,606 medium grid
7th, 8 dielectric ring
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now control illustrates this hair
Bright embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of circular polarized antenna, available for launching and receive various types of electromagnetic waves,
It is particularly suitable for use in and requires antenna gain the transmitting and reception of high millimeter wave, therefore alternatively referred to as millimeter wave circular polarized antenna,
It includes radiating the linear polarized antenna source of line polarization wave and line polarization wave to be converted into the circular polarizer of circularly polarised wave,
Circular polarizer is located at directly over linear polarized antenna source;
Wherein, circular polarizer includes multiple medium grid (slab) that are vertical and be arrangeding in parallel, and multiple medium grid are along water
Square to be mutually equidistantly arranged in order, to construct artificial anisotropic circular polarizer, make circular polarizer in the horizontal direction
There are different dielectric constants to the electromagnetic wave of same frequency from vertical direction (i.e. horizontal both direction), can be to not same polarization
The line polarization wave in direction produces different carryover effects, so as to produce the mutually orthogonal line polarization wave of two polarised directions
90 ° of difference, realizes line polarization wave being converted into circularly polarised wave;There is distance between circular polarizer and linear polarized antenna source.
The present invention can not only be turned line polarization wave in very wide frequency band by setting multiple spaced medium grid
Turn to circularly polarised wave, moreover it is possible to line polarization wave is reflected, the refraction of electromagnetic wave of the diverging on the outside of circular polarizer is converged,
So as to effectively improve the entire gain of antenna;It is placed in parallel by the way that medium grid is separated into identical spacing, considerably increases day
The axial ratio bandwidth of line.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, for example, the quantity of medium grid is 6, the medium grid being respectively sequentially arranged at intervals
601st, medium grid 602, medium grid 603, medium grid 604, medium grid 605 and medium grid 606.But the present invention is to being situated between
The quantity of matter grid is not any limitation as, and can be determined according to actual requirement of engineering.
Further, the height of medium grid is h, and h=2 λ, wherein λ are the wavelength of line polarization wave, consequently facilitating passing through regulation
The height of medium grid, the wave path-difference for making two mutually orthogonal line polarization waves of polarised direction is 90 °, to produce the entelechy in broadband
Change electromagnetic wave.
In a preferred embodiment, multiple medium grid form cylindrical structural, two end side surfaces of each medium grid
Cylindrical surface is surrounded, this structure is advantageous to the refraction action to electromagnetic wave, can be pointed to all directions on the outside of circular polarizer
Electromagnetic wave carries out refraction convergence, the electromagnetic beam of diverging is more concentrated, and reduces the beam angle of antenna radiation pattern, effectively improves
The directionality of antenna, so as to greatly improve the gain of antenna.
Specifically, the length of the medium grid among circular polarizer is most long, from the centre of circular polarizer to both sides according to
The length of the medium grid of secondary arrangement is successively decreased, so as to which multiple medium grid form cylindrical structural, the both ends of each medium grid
Lateral surface is arcwall face (the distance between both ends lateral surface of medium grid is the length of medium grid), so as to multiple media
The both ends lateral surface of grid forms the face of cylinder.
As shown in figure 5, for example, when medium grid quantity be 6 when, positioned at centre medium grid 603 and Dielectric
The length of piece 604 is most long, and medium grid 604, medium grid 605, the length of medium grid 606 are successively decreased successively, medium grid
603rd, medium grid 602, the length of medium grid 601 are successively decreased successively.
Further, medium grid is square, and the thickness (i.e. width) of each medium grid is identical, the height phase of each medium grid
Together.
For example, the width of each medium grid is 0.87mm, and it is highly 11.9mm, the spacing between two neighboring medium grid
For 0.83mm.But the present invention is not any limitation as to the size and spacing of medium grid, can be determined according to actual requirement of engineering.
Further, the dielectric constant of medium grid is more than 1.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, further, circular polarizer also includes more than one annular dielectric ring, dielectric ring socket
Outside multiple medium grid, multiple medium grid are linked together, multiple medium grid is connected as cylindrical structural.
For example, circular polarizer includes two dielectric rings, respectively dielectric ring 7 and dielectric ring 8, dielectric ring 7 is socketed in multiple
On the outside of the middle part of medium grid, dielectric ring 8 is socketed in the lower outside of multiple medium grid, so as to which multiple medium grid are steady
Admittedly link together.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, further, circular polarizer also includes more than one dielectric support, one end of dielectric support
It is connected with medium grid, the other end of dielectric support is connected with linear polarized antenna source, so that linear polarized antenna source and medium grid
Between there is distance, and realize the integral structure of medium grid and linear polarized antenna source.By adjusting the height of dielectric support,
The distance between medium grid and linear polarized antenna source can be adjusted, so as to adjust between medium grid and linear polarized antenna source
Stiffness of coupling, widens the bandwidth of antenna, and improves the entire gain of antenna.
In a specific embodiment, multiple medium grid are arranged in order in the first direction, the polarization in linear polarized antenna source
Angle between direction and first direction is 45 °, and therefore, 45 ° of line polarization wave of linear polarized antenna source radiation can resolve into
The mutually orthogonal line polarization wave that two amplitudes are equal and phase is equal, one of line polarization wave and the arrangement side of medium grid
Parallel to (i.e. first direction), another line polarization wave and the orientation (i.e. first direction) of medium grid are perpendicular, this
Two mutually orthogonal line polarization waves can produce 90 ° of difference after circular polarizer, be converted into circularly polarised wave.
As Figure 1 and Figure 4, in the present embodiment, linear polarized antenna source includes square metal copper sheet 1 and one runs through gold
Belong to the square through hole 3 of copper sheet, metal copper sheet 1 has thickness, and the thickness by adjusting metal copper sheet 1 can adjust the band of antenna
It is wide so that antenna realizes good matching in a wide range;Square through hole 3 is rectangular through holes, and it is located at metal copper sheet 1
Center at, linear polarized antenna source produces line polarization wave by the square through hole 3, and the length and width of square through hole 3 determine antenna
Working frequency.Linear polarized antenna source is alternatively referred to as metab feed, and good impedance matching can be realized in very wide frequency band,
Produce the very low line polarization wave of a cross polarization.
Further, square through hole 3 has orthogonal long side and short side (i.e. broadside), and the length of long side is more than short side
Angle between the orientation (i.e. first direction) of length (i.e. the width of square through hole), long side and multiple medium grid is
45 °, the length of square through hole 3 is approximately equal to the half-wavelength of working frequency, by adjusting the length of square through hole 3, can be thought
The working frequency wanted;In addition, by adjusting the width dimensions of square through hole 3 and the thickness of metal copper sheet 1, antenna can be adjusted
Matching so that antenna has wider impedance bandwidth.
For example, when centre frequency is 60GHz, the length (i.e. long edge lengths) of square through hole 3 is 3.3mm, width (short side
Length) it is 2mm.
Again as shown in figure 4, further, linear polarized antenna source also includes two manholes, respectively manhole 2 and circle
Shape through hole 9, two manholes extend through metal copper sheet, and are located at the both sides of square through hole 3 respectively, and circular polarizer includes two
Individual dielectric support, respectively dielectric support 4 and dielectric support 5, one end of two dielectric supports connect with two medium grid respectively
Connect, the other end of two dielectric supports is respectively embedded into two manholes, so as to which medium grid and linear polarized antenna source is steady
It is solidly connected.
Specifically, one end of dielectric support 4 connects with the bottom face of corresponding medium grid 601, one end of dielectric support 5
Connected with the bottom face of corresponding medium grid 606, manhole 2 and manhole 9 are respectively positioned on the diagonal of metal copper sheet 1
On, and be centrosymmetric, so that by linear polarized antenna source strong fix below medium grid.The size of two manholes and
Spacing is set according to actual requirement of engineering, such as a diameter of 1mm of manhole, and the distance between two manholes are 8mm.
The size in linear polarized antenna source and circular polarizer in the present invention determines that the present embodiment is given by actual requirement of engineering
Go out when centre frequency is 60GHz, the distance between linear polarized antenna source and circular polarizer are 0.97mm, metal copper sheet 1
The length of side is 15mm, thickness 0.3mm, a diameter of 10.3mm of circular polarizer, is highly 11.9mm.
During concrete engineering is implemented, the size of square through hole 3 can be adjusted according to job requirement, so as to change the frequency of resonance point
Rate;Then the spacing between width, height and the medium grid by adjusting medium grid, obtains more satisfactory axle ratio
Bandwidth.
In another specific embodiment, circular polarizer is molded by 3D printing technique, so as to simplify millimeter wave antenna
Difficulty of processing.It is preferred that All Media grid, dielectric ring and dielectric support are linked to be an entirety, it is easy to 3D printing technique
Processing, and make it that antenna is more firm, it is also convenient for the installation of antenna.The material example of medium grid, dielectric ring and dielectric support
Such as it is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
In summary, the structure of new circular polarized antenna proposed by the invention has expanded circular polarisation bandwidth, and carries
The high gain of millimeter wave antenna.Antenna impedance bandwidth and circular polarisation bandwidth proposed by the invention is respectively depending on different ginsengs
Number, therefore debugged conveniently in the application of Practical Project.The size for adjusting square through hole obtains required working frequency and resistance
Anti- bandwidth and then the circular polarization characteristics that antenna is realized using circular polarizer, expand the axial ratio bandwidth of antenna, while can also improve
The gain of antenna.In addition, the design of antenna is combined with 3D printing technique, the easy to process of antenna can be caused, accurately, and
And easily install, greatly improve the stability of antenna.
Embodiment provided by the invention is mainly used in wireless mobile communications field, especially suitable for the millimeter without licence plate
The design of the antenna of wave band.In the application of high frequency, because the size of antenna is smaller, for circular polarized antenna, antenna
Design difficulty of processing it is big, the bandwidth technologies of traditional expansion have not been suitable for the design of millimere-wave band, and in millimeter wave
Section, the loss of electromagnetic wave signal is bigger, also higher to the gain requirement of antenna, applies the present invention to millimeter wave antenna
In design, can effectively solve traditional millimeter wave circularly-polarizedwideband wideband antenna complex designing, big problem is lost.
The schematical embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the scope of the present invention.It is any
Those skilled in the art, the equivalent variations made on the premise of the design of the present invention and principle is not departed from and modification, all should
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.And it should be noted that the present invention each part be not limited in above-mentioned entirety should
With, each technical characteristic described in specification of the invention can according to be actually needed selection one individually use or select it is multinomial
Combine use, and therefore, the present invention covers the other combinations relevant with this case inventive point and concrete application in the nature of things.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of circular polarized antenna, it is characterised in that the circular polarized antenna includes:
Linear polarized antenna source, to radiate line polarization wave;
Circular polarizer, above the linear polarized antenna source, the line polarization wave is converted into circularly polarised wave, the circle
Polarizer includes medium grid that is multiple vertical and be arrangeding in parallel, multiple medium grid in the horizontal direction with mutually equidistantly according to
Secondary arrangement.
2. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that multiple medium grid form cylindrical structural,
Two end side surfaces of each medium grid surround the face of cylinder.
3. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the circular polarizer also includes more than one medium
Ring, the dielectric ring are socketed in outside multiple medium grid, multiple medium grid are linked together.
4. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the dielectric constant of the medium grid is more than 1.
5. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of the medium grid is h, the linear polarization
The wavelength of ripple is λ, h=2 λ.
6. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the circular polarizer also includes more than one medium
Pillar, one end of the dielectric support are connected with the medium grid, the other end of the dielectric support and the linear polarization day
Line source connects, and has distance between the linear polarized antenna source and the medium grid.
7. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that multiple medium grid are arranged successively in the first direction
Row, the angle between the polarised direction in the linear polarized antenna source and the first direction is 45 °.
8. the circular polarized antenna as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the linear polarized antenna source includes:
Metal copper sheet, it has thickness;
One square through hole, through the metal copper sheet, and at the center of the metal copper sheet, the linear polarized antenna source
The line polarization wave is produced by the square through hole.
9. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the linear polarized antenna source also leads to including two circles
Hole, two manholes run through the metal copper sheet, and are located at the both sides of the square through hole, the circular polarizer respectively
Including two dielectric supports, one end of two dielectric supports is connected with two medium grid respectively, and two are given an account of
The other end of matter pillar is respectively embedded into two manholes.
10. circular polarized antenna as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that multiple medium grid are in the first direction successively
Arrangement, the square through hole have long side and short side, and the length of the long side is more than the length of the short side, the long side and institute
It is 45 ° to state the angle between first direction.
11. the circular polarized antenna as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the circular polarizer is by 3D printing skill
Art is molded.
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CN201610671504.5A CN107768837A (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2016-08-16 | A kind of circular polarized antenna |
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CN201610671504.5A CN107768837A (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2016-08-16 | A kind of circular polarized antenna |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108832308A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wide angle circular polarized antenna of omnidirectional wide band |
CN109560388A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Millimeter wave broadband circular polarized antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide loudspeaker |
CN112993587A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized reflector antenna and communication equipment |
CN113690630A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | All-round face covers circular polarization multi-beam antenna based on dielectric polarizer |
CN114156665A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-08 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband circularly polarized transmission array antenna based on dielectric structure |
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US20160172732A1 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2016-06-16 | The Boeing Company | Dielectric slab circular waveguide polarizer |
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US20160172732A1 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2016-06-16 | The Boeing Company | Dielectric slab circular waveguide polarizer |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108832308A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wide angle circular polarized antenna of omnidirectional wide band |
CN108832308B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-04-17 | 安徽农业大学 | Omnidirectional broadband wide-angle circularly polarized antenna |
CN109560388A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Millimeter wave broadband circular polarized antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide loudspeaker |
CN112993587A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized reflector antenna and communication equipment |
CN113690630A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | All-round face covers circular polarization multi-beam antenna based on dielectric polarizer |
CN114156665A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-08 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband circularly polarized transmission array antenna based on dielectric structure |
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Application publication date: 20180306 |