CN107764109B - Automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger - Google Patents
Automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN107764109B CN107764109B CN201610710752.6A CN201610710752A CN107764109B CN 107764109 B CN107764109 B CN 107764109B CN 201610710752 A CN201610710752 A CN 201610710752A CN 107764109 B CN107764109 B CN 107764109B
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- heat exchanger
- liquid
- automatically cleaning
- cleaning fluid
- tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchangers, mainly to solve the easy fouling of synthetic ammonia installation decarburization alkali solution cooler tube side in traditional technology, the technical issues of long period is decreased obviously using rear heat transfer effect.The present invention includes lower tube box 1 by using one kind, heat exchanger tube 2, upper tube box 3, liquid-solid separator 4, particulate filter plates 5, liquid storage groove 6, liquid circulation pump 7, down-comer 8, nozzle 9, horizontal tube 10, expanding mouth 11, expanding mouth 11 is mounted in lower tube box 1, upper tube box 3 connects liquid-solid separator 4, solid particle enters nozzle 9 through down-comer 8, liquid phase overflows into liquid storage groove 6 from 5 top of particulate filter plates, the technical solution for being recycled back to the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger of nozzle 9 through liquid circulation pump 7 preferably solves above-mentioned technical problem, it can be used for extending the cycle of operation of synthetic ammonia installation decarburization alkali solution cooler.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fields, specifically, belonging to chemical industry heat exchange equipment long-term operation field, are related to a kind of from clear
Clean fluid-bed heat exchanger, is widely used in solving tube side walking liquid phase, and tube side is easy to happen the vertical shell-and-tube of fouling blockage and changes
The long-term operation problem of hot device.
Background technique
Heat exchanger is widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, the energy.However, heat exchanger is not with using the time to increase
Evitable there are dirt adhesions, and so as to cause the reduction of heat exchanger heat exchange efficiency, resistance increases, influences heat exchanger and normally transport
Row.
It develops automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger and replaces traditional heat exchangers, heat exchanger heat transfer effect can be improved, effectively extend
Device runing time has great economic benefit.Document US005676201A discloses a kind of external circulation fluidized bed heat exchanger.
The fluid-bed heat exchanger does not fully consider that solid particle is evenly distributed with problem, thus maintains heat-transfer effect indifferent under long period.Text
It offers CN202709856U and discloses a kind of horizontal solid Circulating Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger using Kenics static mixer.The fluidisation
Bed heat exchanger solid particle is unable to Efficient Cycle and is evenly distributed with, and is only used for horizontal heat exchanger.Document CN104755839A is disclosed
A kind of fluid-bed heat exchanger of fluidized-bed combustion boiler.The fluid-bed heat exchanger is used for fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
In conclusion solving the problems, such as that solid particle is evenly distributed with is to enhance the key technology for maintaining heat-transfer capability under its long period.
And the prior art fails to solve this technical problem very well.
The present invention provides a kind of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, by the rotatable expanding mouth for being equipped with spiral-flow type distributor
It realizes solid particle being evenly distributed in fluid-bed heat exchanger tube side, targetedly solves the above problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the easy foulings of heat exchanger tube pass in the prior art, exchange heat after long period use
The problem of effect is decreased obviously provides a kind of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger.The automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger has solid
Grain is evenly distributed, the advantage that long period maintains heat-transfer effect ability strong.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger,
It is characterized in that, automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is filtered by lower tube box 1, heat exchanger tube 2, upper tube box 3, liquid-solid separator 4, particle
Plate 5, liquid storage groove 6, liquid circulation pump 7, down-comer 8, nozzle 9, horizontal tube 10, expanding mouth 11 form；Wherein, 11, expanding mouth
In in lower tube box 1, upper tube box 3 connects liquid-solid separator 4, and liquid-solid separator 4 branches away two-way, and solid phase passes through down-comer 8 all the way
Into nozzle 9, another way liquid phase overflows into liquid storage groove 6 from 5 top of particulate filter plates, is recycled by liquid circulation pump 7, is spraying
Solid particle is washed away in mouth 9, solid-liquid two-phase enters expanding mouth 11 after horizontal tube 10.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, expanding 11 flare of mouth, osculum diameter is identical as 1 inducer caliber of lower tube box,
Big mouth diameter is 3~6 times of osculum diameter；Expanding 11 height of mouth is 300~500mm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, for the expanding mouth 11 along center axis rotation, the range of speeds is 0~100 rev/min.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the spiral-flow type distributor for being 3~6 with vane quantity in the expanding mouth 11.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the distance of expanding 11 section great Kou of mouth to the lower end section of heat exchanger tube 2 is 100~
400mm。
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the nozzle 9 is mounted on 8 intersection of horizontal tube 10 and down-comer, along liquid flow path direction undergauge,
Big 10 diameter of mouth diameter same level pipe, osculum diameter is 0.3~0.5 times of big mouth diameter；Osculum section fitting limit is from under
8 left side of pipe drops concordantly to concordant with 8 right side of down-comer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the liquid-solid separator 4 is one of gravity sedimentation type or cyclone separator.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, solid particle used in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is inert particle, specifically
Refer to that heap density is greater than density of liquid phase, there is certain degree of hardness and intensity, and do not consolidate with what medium in use occasion system reacted
Body particle, preferably zirconium silicate pearl, corundum ball, porcelain ball, alumina bead, zirconium silicate pearl, bead, steel ball, engineering plastics, polyformaldehyde
One of particle, polytetrafluoroethylgranule granule, handstone, the wire of chopping, glueballs are a variety of, more preferable bead, oxidation
Aluminium pill and zirconium silicate pearl.Solid particle average grain diameter is 2mm~5mm.Solid particle is in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger
Average external volume solid holdup be 3%~8%.
In order to solve the above technical problems, using a kind of method for preventing synthetic ammonia installation decarburization alkali solution cooler fouling；It should
Method uses automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, and recirculated water walks heat exchanger tube 2, and synthesis ammonia lean solution walks heat exchanger shell pass.
In the above method, recirculated water squeezes into expanding mouth 11 from liquid storage groove 6 by liquid circulation pump 7 after horizontal tube 10, will
Solid particle in nozzle 9 is taken away, and liquid-solid mixture enters heat exchanger tube 2 after the expanding mouth 11 of rotation, washes away heat exchange
Enter liquid-solid separator 4 from upper tube box 3 after device tubulation 2；Isolated solid particle backs into nozzle 9 through down-comer 8, recirculated water from
Grain filter plate 5 enters liquid storage groove 6 after overflowing, and squeezes into horizontal tube 10 through liquid circulation pump 7 and completes circulation
In the above method, solid particle washes away 2 wall surface of heat exchanger tube repeatedly under fluidized state, so that dirt is not easy
2 wall surface of heat exchanger tube is adhered to and is tied poly-；Synthesis ammonia lean solution in recirculated water and shell side in tube side completes heat exchange；Solid particle
It is recycled in automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger with recirculated water.
In the above method, recirculated water flow velocity opereating specification is 1m/s in the heat exchanger tube 2 of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger
~4m/s.
In technical solution of the present invention and method, calculated with the temperature difference and heat flux of inner wall temperature and mainstream temperature
Heat transfer coefficient changes with time rule with heat transfer coefficient to judge tube side fouling condition, thus as maintaining to pass under long period
The judgment basis of thermal effect ability.
Using technical solution of the present invention, it is a kind of by lower tube box 1, heat exchanger tube 2, upper tube box 3, liquid-solid separator 4,
Grain filter plate 5, liquid storage groove 6, liquid circulation pump 7, down-comer 8, nozzle 9, horizontal tube 10, expanding mouth 11 form, and can rotate
Expanding mouth 11 be mounted in lower tube box 1, expanding mouth 11 have spiral-flow type distributor automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, achieve
Heat transfer coefficient is still original 97% preferable technical effect after continuous operation 200 days.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger nozzle schematic diagram of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1 is lower tube box；2 be heat exchanger tube；3 be upper tube box；4 be liquid-solid separator；5 be particulate filter plates；6 are
Liquid storage groove；7 be liquid circulation pump；8 be down-comer；9 be nozzle；10 be horizontal tube；11 be expanding mouth.Wherein, expanding mouth 11
In lower tube box 1, upper tube box 3 connects liquid-solid separator 4, and liquid-solid separator 4 branches away two-way, under solid diffusivity is located at all the way
The nozzle 9 of pipe 8 and 10 intersection of horizontal tube drops, and another way liquid phase connects liquid storage groove 6, liquid storage groove 6 from 5 top of particulate filter plates
Liquid circulation pump 7 is connected, liquid circulation pump 7 connects horizontal tube 10.
In Fig. 2,8 be down-comer；9 be nozzle；10 be horizontal tube.Nozzle 9 is mounted on horizontal tube 10 along liquid flow path direction undergauge
Interior, 9 osculum section of nozzle is mounted between 8 left and right side tube wall of down-comer.
Below by embodiment and comparative example, the present invention is further elaborated, but method of the invention is not limited in
This.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, method of the invention is further illustrated.
[embodiment 1]
Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system alkali solution cooler is applied using automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1,
588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal are set in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, caliber is 22 × 1.5mm of Φ, in just
Rounded projections arranged, horizontal tube caliber 200mm, down-comer caliber 100mm.Solid particle use bead, average grain diameter 5mm, Gu
Average external volume solid holdup of the body particle in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is 3%.Recirculated water flow velocity 1m/s.Liquid-solid separator
Using gravity sedimentation type.The expanding big mouth diameter 600mm of mouth, height 300mm, the spiral-flow type distributor of built-in 3 vanes do not revolve
Turn, the distance of end section is 100mm under the section to heat exchanger tube great Kou.Alignment decline tube hub line in nozzle osculum section is small
Mouth diameter 60mm.Under this condition, heat transfer coefficient is still original 94% after continuous operation 200 days.
[embodiment 2~16]
Using cold using Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system lye with the identical automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger of embodiment 1
But device, sets 588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, caliber be Φ 22 ×
1.5mm is in equilateral triangle arrangement, horizontal tube caliber 200mm, down-comer caliber 100mm.Change solid particle type (PT), consolidate
Body mean particle size (PS), solid particle average external volume solid holdup (SHU), recirculated water in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger
The big mouth diameter (ED) of flow velocity (LV), liquid-solid separator pattern (TLS), expanding mouth, expanding open height (EL), expanding mouth inward turning streaming
The distance of end section under distributor vane quantity (EN), expanding mouth revolving speed (ER), the section to heat exchanger tube expanding mouth great Kou
(EH), nozzle osculum section installation site (NP), nozzle osculum diameter (ND).After stable operation, record is under this condition, continuous fortune
Heat transfer coefficient accounts for original ratio (CHTR) after row 200 days.The results are shown in tables 1.
Table 1
[comparative example 1]
Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system alkali solution cooler is applied using automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1,
588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal are set in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, caliber is 22 × 1.5mm of Φ, in just
Rounded projections arranged, horizontal tube caliber 200mm, down-comer caliber 100mm.Solid particle use bead, average grain diameter 5mm, Gu
Average external volume solid holdup of the body particle in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is 3%.Recirculated water flow velocity 1m/s.Liquid-solid separator
Using gravity sedimentation type.The expanding big mouth diameter 600mm of mouth, under the section to heat exchanger tube height 300mm, great Kou end section away from
From for 100mm, do not rotate.Spiral-flow type distributor is not installed in expanding mouth.Nozzle osculum section alignment decline tube hub line, osculum
Diameter 60mm.Under this condition, heat transfer coefficient is original 84% after continuous operation 200 days.
[comparative example 2]
Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system alkali solution cooler is applied using automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1,
588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal are set in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, caliber is 22 × 1.5mm of Φ, in just
Rounded projections arranged, horizontal tube caliber 200mm, down-comer caliber 100mm.Solid particle use bead, average grain diameter 5mm, Gu
Average external volume solid holdup of the body particle in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is 3%.Recirculated water flow velocity 1m/s.Liquid-solid separator
Using gravity sedimentation type.Expanding mouth is not installed.Nozzle osculum section alignment decline tube hub line, osculum diameter 60mm.The condition
Under, heat transfer coefficient is original 75% after continuous operation 200 days.
[comparative example 3]
Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system alkali solution cooler is applied using automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1,
588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal are set in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, caliber is 22 × 1.5mm of Φ, in just
Rounded projections arranged, horizontal tube caliber 200mm, down-comer caliber 100mm.Solid particle use bead, average grain diameter 5mm, Gu
Average external volume solid holdup of the body particle in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is 3%.Recirculated water flow velocity 1m/s.Liquid-solid separator
Using gravity sedimentation type.Expanding mouth is not installed.Nozzle is not installed.Under this condition, heat transfer coefficient is original after continuous operation 200 days
28%.
[comparative example 4]
Using traditional vertical tube-type heat exchanger applications Mr. Yu's synthetic ammonia installation decarbonization system alkali solution cooler, this is vertical
588 heat exchanger tubes, every long 4500mm of root canal are set in tubular heat exchanger, caliber is 22 × 1.5mm of Φ, is arranged in equilateral triangle
Column.Recirculated water flow velocity 1m/s.Under this condition, heat transfer coefficient is original 41% after continuous operation 200 days.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, which is characterized in that automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is by lower tube box (1), heat exchanger
Tubulation (2), upper tube box (3), liquid-solid separator (4), particulate filter plates (5), liquid storage groove (6), liquid circulation pump (7), down-comer
(8), nozzle (9), horizontal tube (10), expanding mouth (11) composition；Wherein, expanding mouth (11) is located in lower tube box (1), upper tube box
(3) liquid-solid separator (4) are connected, liquid-solid separator (4) branches away two-way, and solid phase enters nozzle by down-comer (8) all the way
(9), another way liquid phase overflows into liquid storage groove (6) from particulate filter plates (5) top, is recycled, is being sprayed by liquid circulation pump (7)
Solid particle is washed away in mouth (9), solid-liquid two-phase enters expanding mouth (11) after horizontal tube (10)；The expanding mouth (11) is in
Mandrel rotation, the range of speeds are 0~100 rev/min.
2. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the expanding mouth (11) is in loudspeaker
Shape, osculum diameter is identical as lower tube box (1) inducer caliber, and big mouth diameter is 3~6 times of osculum diameter；Expanding mouth (11) is high
Degree is 300~500mm.
3. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that have rotation in the expanding mouth (11)
Streaming distributor, the vane quantity of spiral-flow type distributor are 3~6.
4. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that expanding mouth (11) section great Kou
The distance of end section is 100~400mm under to heat exchanger tube (2).
5. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nozzle (9) is mounted on level
(10) and down-comer (8) intersection is managed, along liquid flow path direction undergauge, big mouth diameter same level pipe (10) diameter, osculum diameter is big
0.3~0.5 times of mouth diameter；Osculum section fitting limit is put down from concordant on the left of down-comer (8) to on the right side of down-comer (8)
Together.
6. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liquid-solid separator (4) is weight
One of power decanter type or cyclone separator.
7. automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger
The solid particle used is that heap density is greater than density of liquid phase, and the inertia not reacted with medium in use occasion system
Grain；Solid particle average grain diameter is 2mm~5mm；Average external volume of the solid particle in the automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is solid
It is 3%~8% containing rate.
8. a kind of method for preventing synthetic ammonia installation decarburization alkali solution cooler fouling, using any one in claim 1~7
Automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger, which is characterized in that recirculated water is walked heat exchanger tube (2), and synthesis ammonia lean solution walks heat exchanger shell pass；Water
Expanding mouth (11) are squeezed into after horizontal tube (10) from liquid storage groove (6) by liquid circulation pump (7), by the solid in nozzle (9)
Grain is taken away, and liquid-solid mixture enters heat exchanger tube (2) after the expanding mouth (11) rotated, after washing away heat exchanger tube (2)
Enter liquid-solid separator (4) from upper tube box (3)；Isolated solid particle backs into nozzle (9) through down-comer (8), recirculated water from
Grain filter plate (5) enters liquid storage groove (6) after overflowing, and squeezes into horizontal tube (10) through liquid circulation pump (7) and completes circulation；Solid particle
Heat exchanger tube (2) wall surface is washed away repeatedly under fluidized state, so that dirt is not easy to tie in the adherency of heat exchanger tube (2) wall surface
It is poly-；Synthesis ammonia lean solution in recirculated water and shell side in tube side completes heat exchange；Solid particle and recirculated water are in automatically cleaning fluidized bed
It is recycled in heat exchanger.
9. the method according to claim 8 for preventing synthetic ammonia installation decarburization alkali solution cooler fouling, which is characterized in that institute
Stating recirculated water flow velocity opereating specification in the heat exchanger tube (2) of automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger is 1m/s~4m/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610710752.6A CN107764109B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610710752.6A CN107764109B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Automatically cleaning fluid-bed heat exchanger |
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| CN107764109A CN107764109A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
| CN107764109B true CN107764109B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108519020A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-11 | 洛阳均流流体技术有限公司 | A kind of spray equipment for heat exchanger |
| CN111089286A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Scale prevention and removal circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger and scale prevention and removal circulating method |
| CN111473668A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-31 | 天津天大清能环境工程有限公司 | Self-cleaning heat exchanger |
| CN114485224B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2024-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Self-cleaning fluidized bed heat exchanger particle continuous circulation recovery method |
| CN114485226B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Self-cleaning fluidized bed heat exchanger |
| CN113293068B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-10-25 | 华能济南黄台发电有限公司 | Cleaning fluid suitable for plate heat exchanger and preparation method thereof |
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| DE69400919T2 (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1997-05-22 | Bronswerk Heat Transfer Bv | DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT PHYSICAL AND / OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES, FOR EXAMPLE A HEAT EXCHANGER |
| CN1995890A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2007-07-11 | 大连理工大学 | Solid-liquid separating method for fluidized bed heat exchanger |
| CN2935064Y (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-08-15 | 济南市供水设备厂有限公司 | shell-and-tube steam driven heat exchanger and steam driven heat exchange units |
| CN101377390A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | 贵州航天乌江机电设备有限责任公司 | Fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger |
| CN102078784A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-01 | 浙江合盛硅业有限公司 | Spout type fluidized bed reactor for synthesis of organic silicon |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69400919T2 (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1997-05-22 | Bronswerk Heat Transfer Bv | DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT PHYSICAL AND / OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES, FOR EXAMPLE A HEAT EXCHANGER |
| CN2935064Y (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-08-15 | 济南市供水设备厂有限公司 | shell-and-tube steam driven heat exchanger and steam driven heat exchange units |
| CN1995890A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2007-07-11 | 大连理工大学 | Solid-liquid separating method for fluidized bed heat exchanger |
| CN101377390A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | 贵州航天乌江机电设备有限责任公司 | Fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger |
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| CN107764109A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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