CN107758924B - Medical sewage treatment method and treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances - Google Patents
Medical sewage treatment method and treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
- C02F1/766—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens by means of halogens other than chlorine or of halogenated compounds containing halogen other than chlorine
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical wastewater treatment, in particular to a medical wastewater disinfection treatment method and a treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated during disinfection by liquid chlorine. The invention can avoid the secondary pollution of medical wastewater, inhibit the generation of carcinogenic substances in the chlorination disinfection process, improve the disinfection effect of liquid chlorine, prevent the wastewater from polluting the air to generate odor, reduce the investment of wastewater treatment equipment and improve the economic benefit. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: 1) preparing a sewage treatment agent; 2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: medical wastewater → sewage treatment agent mixing → chlorine adding and disinfection → coarse filtration → middle filtration → fine filtration → sampling → discharge after reaching standards → municipal pipe network. The invention can rapidly disinfect medical wastewater without generating carcinogen and without arranging containers such as a buffer tank, an adjusting tank, a disinfection tank, a reservoir and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical wastewater and sewage treatment, in particular to a medical sewage disinfection treatment method and a treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated during disinfection by liquid chlorine.
Background
The medical sewage and wastewater are mainly sewage discharged from diagnosis and treatment rooms, laboratories, wards, laundries, X-ray photography rooms, operating rooms and the like in hospitals, and the sources and components of the sewage are very complex. The medical wastewater contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and chemical agents and has the characteristics of space pollution, acute infection and latent infection. According to hospital properties, the wastewater can be divided into infectious disease hospital wastewater and comprehensive hospital wastewater; the waste water can be classified into radioactive hospital waste water, waste medicine hospital waste water and metal ion-containing hospital waste water according to the components of the waste water.
Aiming at the waste water with different properties, different special treatment processes are required, the treatment difficulty is high, and the existing medical waste water treatment method comprises the following steps:
the medical wastewater treatment process comprises the following steps: pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, advanced treatment, disinfection and water discharge.
The process of changing the water quality of the hospital wastewater mainly kills pathogenic microorganisms in the wastewater. To enhance disinfection, the wastewater may be pretreated prior to disinfection, including primary and secondary treatments.
And (3) disinfection: the medical wastewater disinfection treatment method comprises a chlorination method, an ozone method and an ultraviolet disinfection method. The chlorination method mainly comprises three methods, namely a liquid chlorine method, a sodium chlorate feeding method, a chlorine dioxide method and the like. The treatment processes performed to destroy or inactivate pathogens in wastewater or sludge are divided into wastewater disinfection and sludge disinfection.
Hospital wastewater treatment is mainly disinfection, i.e. the killing of pathogens. The water quality of hospital waste water is very complicated, and corresponding pollutant concentration is higher and higher along with the increase of water consumption generally, and hospital waste water treatment process is except setting up the disinfection pond and still need to establish the equalizing basin, and the equalizing basin not only can adjust the water yield, eliminates peak load to can adjust quality of water, make its treatment effect can not receive the interference because of the quality of water change. The point of addition of the disinfectant is generally chosen after the conditioning tank. And after flotation and precipitation, disinfecting the wastewater in a disinfection tank, and discharging the wastewater after reaching the standard. And the excess sludge in the sedimentation tank is discharged into the regulating tank, and the sludge in the regulating tank and the sludge in the contact oxidation tank are pumped into the sludge digestion tank for aerobic digestion treatment, so that the sludge can reach the discharge standard.
At present, the disinfection process of medical wastewater comprises the following steps:
ozone treatment process
Ozone is an unstable gas with a pungent, distinctive odor. At room temperature, ozone is a blue gas, one of the strongest oxidants known.
The ozone treatment can kill bacteria propagules, spores, viruses, fungi and the like and destroy endotoxin bacilli toxins, and is the treatment process with the best disinfection effect at present. After ozone treatment, the bacteria removal rate in water is 99.985% -99.998%, the organic matter removal rate is 40%, the chroma removal rate is 77%, the nitrite removal rate is 79.5%, and the proteinoid ammonia removal rate is 11.9%. But has the disadvantages of higher running cost and higher cost than the traditional liquid chlorine disinfection.
Chlorine disinfection treatment process
Liquid chlorine, which is the most common disinfectant at present, is widely used in various fields, and is the most widely used water treatment disinfection method so far. The method is mainly characterized in that the industrial product bottled liquid chlorine is wide and reliable in source, the one-time equipment investment and the operation cost for chlorination disinfection are low, the disinfection effect is stable, and the design experience is mature, so that the method is wide in application, and the defects are that after the method is applied for nearly 20 years, people find that: the treatment of waste water containing organic substances, in particular water containing humic acid, with chlorine, can produce halogenated hydrocarbons (trihalomethanes, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc.), which are extremely destructive to human tissues and carcinogenic. In addition, liquid chlorine disinfection is not effective against certain viruses, spores. With liquid chlorine disinfection, viruses in water have developed greater resistance to chlorination over time.
The disinfectant commonly used in China is liquid chlorine, sludge generated in the treatment process is treated by a lime disinfection method and a high-temperature composting method, a large amount of germs, viruses and parasitic ova contained in the sludge are difficult to completely eliminate, the treatment time is long, the efficiency is low, high-temperature composting treatment needs to be carried out in a special field, and secondary pollution is avoided if the high-temperature composting treatment is not in place.
A chlorine solution is added by a timed and quantitative chlorine adding method by adopting a liquid chlorine disinfection method and applying a chlorine adding machine. The chlorine adding amount of the sewage subjected to primary treatment can be 20-30 mg/L; the chlorine adding amount of the sewage subjected to secondary treatment can be 10-20 mg/L. The actual chlorine adding amount is adjusted according to the residual chlorine amount in the outlet sewage. After chlorine is added into purified water without organic matters, cold chloric acid is formed quickly, the cold chloric acid only needs a few minutes to kill escherichia coli, but one hour is needed to kill certain viruses; if organic substances exist in the water, chlorine reacts with the substances, and free chlorine cannot be generated in the water unless the chlorine dosage is large. The disinfectant must be in effective contact with bacteria to kill the bacteria, and in order to ensure the best effect of sterilization, a certain contact time is required, and good mixing is one of the necessary conditions for improving the sterilization efficiency.
In 1974, Rook in the Netherlands and Belier in the United states discovered for the first time that disinfection by-products (DBPS) such as trihalomethane, carbon tetrachloride and the like exist in pre-chlorinated and chlorine-disinfected water, and the water has carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. In the middle of the 80 s, another class of haloacetic acids (HAAS) was found to be more carcinogenic, e.g., dichloroacetic acid (DCH) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are 50 times and 100 times more carcinogenic than trichloromethane, respectively. To date, as technology has advanced, 2221 organic pollutants have been detected in water sources.
In the water pollutant emission standard GB18466-2005 of medical institutions established in China, "Integrated medical institutions and other medical institutions Water pollution emission limits (daily average)", (1) intestinal pathogenic bacteria and enteroviruses cannot be detected. (2) The number of faecal coliform bacteria should not be more than 500 per liter. (3) Total residual chlorine (process for disinfection with chlorine-containing disinfectant): and the concentration of the chlorine is not more than 0.5mg/L (emission standard: the contact time of a disinfection contact tank is not less than 1h, and the total residual chlorine of the contact tank is 3-10 mg/L). Although no restriction is made on carcinogenic substances in the wastewater, along with the gradual improvement of national requirements on environmental protection, the reduction of carcinogenic substances in the discharged wastewater becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently, and has extremely high economic significance for each medical unit.
Therefore, the research on how to inhibit the generation of carcinogenic substances in the chlorination disinfection process has high environmental protection significance and economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects, the invention aims to provide a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogens from being generated in order to inhibit carcinogens generated in a chlorination disinfection process and improve the disinfection effect of liquid chlorine.
The invention also aims to improve the storage time of the sewage treatment agent, avoid moisture absorption and deliquescence, reduce the activity of components and inflammable substances, facilitate the storage of the treatment agent and provide a preparation method of the medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances.
The invention also aims to provide a tubular disinfection treatment method for preventing medical wastewater from generating carcinogenic substances, so as to avoid secondary pollution of the medical wastewater, inhibit the chlorination disinfection process from generating carcinogenic substances, improve the disinfection effect of liquid chlorine, prevent the wastewater from polluting air to generate odor, reduce the investment of wastewater treatment equipment and improve the economic benefit.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-160 parts of zinc acetate, 150-450 parts of calcium superoxide, 50-200 parts of polyacrylamide and nano SiO260-130。
A preparation method of a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the calcium superoxide and the polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1-4 hours for later use;
s2 mixing the aboveAdding nano SiO into the composition2Stirring and kneading for 1-3 h for standby;
and S3, adding zinc acetate, and stirring and kneading for 1-3 h to obtain the wastewater treatment agent.
Stirring kneading is carried out by using an existing kneading apparatus such as a kneader.
A medical sewage disinfection treatment method for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises three systems of preparation and addition of a treating agent, a three-stage filtration system and a contact disinfection system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent according to the formula proportion and the preparation process;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: medical wastewater → sewage treatment agent mixing → chlorine adding and disinfection → coarse filtration → middle filtration → fine filtration → sampling → discharge after reaching standards → municipal pipe network.
When a wastewater container is arranged in a hospital, a treating agent charging opening and a chlorine inlet are arranged on the wastewater container; when the hospital is not provided with a waste water container, the treatment agent is added before the medical waste water enters the drain pipe, the pipeline is provided with a chlorine inlet, or the waste water pipeline is provided with a treatment agent feeding port and a chlorine inlet. Therefore, containers such as a buffer tank, a regulating tank, a disinfection tank, a water storage tank and the like are not needed to be arranged.
The medical wastewater is firstly added with a sewage treatment agent and then added with chlorine, then enters a drain pipe, and forms a three-stage filtration system through a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter to remove SS suspended substances, COD and BOD in the sewage.
The coarse filter, the middle filter and the fine filter are connected by a drain pipe and are connected to an urban pipe network.
The contact disinfection system consists of a drain pipe and a filter, the medical wastewater enters the drain pipe and the filter immediately after a treating agent and chlorine are added, and the wastewater is disinfected in the drain pipe and the filter by using liquid chlorine.
The pipeline and the filter are watertight and air-tight, and can normally drain water along the pipeline, but the water and the air are watertight and air-tight, so that when water is drained, the water at the two ends of the pipeline plays a role in sealing, the disinfection effect of chlorine is improved, and the chlorine molecules are prevented from leaking.
The length of the contact disinfection system does not need to be particularly prolonged, the design is carried out according to the maximum hour sewage quantity of the medical wastewater, the retention time of the contact disinfection system in the pipeline and the filter can be ensured to reach the retention time required by the technical guideline for treating the medical wastewater, and the length of the contact disinfection system is the total length of the pipeline from the chlorination port to the sampling port and the filter. At present, the contact time between liquid chlorine disinfection and waste water is more than 30 minutes, certain bacteria need to be killed in one hour, the treatment agent can improve the killing efficiency of the chlorine solution, and the killing and disinfection can be completed within 15 minutes, so that the length of a contact disinfection system does not need to be particularly prolonged, and the time of three-stage filtration is enough to complete the disinfection.
And (3) using a chlorinator for chlorination, extracting a water sample from a sampling port, observing the chromaticity of the water sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the dosage of the chlorinator to enable the other chlorine indexes to meet relevant standards.
The amount of the wastewater treatment agent is adjusted according to the concentration of the pollutants in the medical wastewater, and a water sample extracted by the sampling port is detected, so that the discharge meets the national regulations.
The utility model provides a prevent to produce medical sewage disinfection processing system of carcinogenic substance, includes three major systems of preparation and throwing of treating agent, tertiary filtration system, contact disinfection system, characterized by:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent according to the formula proportion and the preparation process;
2) the device consists of a drain pipe and a filter, and the waste water completes a liquid chlorine disinfection process in the drain pipe and the filter;
3) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: medical wastewater → sewage treatment agent mixing → chlorine adding and disinfection → coarse filtration → middle filtration → fine filtration → sampling → discharge after reaching standards → municipal pipe network.
When a wastewater container is arranged in a hospital, a treating agent charging opening and a chlorine inlet are arranged on the wastewater container; when the hospital is not provided with a waste water container, the treatment agent is added before the medical waste water enters the drain pipe, the pipeline is provided with a chlorine inlet, or the waste water pipeline is provided with a treatment agent feeding port and a chlorine inlet.
The medical wastewater is firstly added with a sewage treatment agent and then added with chlorine, then enters a drain pipe, and forms a three-stage filtration system through a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter to remove SS suspended substances, COD and BOD in the sewage.
The coarse filter, the middle filter and the fine filter are connected by a drain pipe and are connected to an urban pipe network.
The contact disinfection system consists of a drain pipe and a filter, the medical wastewater enters the drain pipe and the filter immediately after a treating agent and chlorine are added, and the wastewater is disinfected in the drain pipe and the filter by using liquid chlorine.
The pipeline and the filter are watertight and air-tight, and can normally drain water along the pipeline, but the water and the air are watertight and air-tight, so that when water is drained, the water at the two ends of the pipeline plays a role in sealing, the disinfection effect of chlorine is improved, and the chlorine molecules are prevented from leaking.
The length of the contact disinfection system does not need to be particularly prolonged, the design is carried out according to the maximum hour sewage quantity of the medical wastewater, the retention time of the contact disinfection system in the pipeline and the filter can be ensured to reach the retention time required by the technical guideline for treating the medical wastewater, and the length of the contact disinfection system is the total length of the pipeline from the chlorination port to the sampling port and the filter. At present, the contact time between liquid chlorine disinfection and waste water is more than 30 minutes, certain bacteria need to be killed in one hour, the treatment agent can improve the killing efficiency of the chlorine solution, and the killing and disinfection can be completed within 15 minutes, so that the length of a contact disinfection system does not need to be particularly prolonged, and the time of three-stage filtration is enough to complete the disinfection.
And (3) using a chlorinator for chlorination, extracting a water sample from a sampling port, observing the chromaticity of the water sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the dosage of the chlorinator to enable the other chlorine indexes to meet relevant standards.
The amount of the wastewater treatment agent is adjusted according to the concentration of the pollutants in the medical wastewater, and a water sample extracted by the sampling port is detected, so that the discharge meets the national regulations.
Medical wastewater contains a large amount of organic substances, and halogenated hydrocarbons are easily produced when liquid chlorine is used for disinfection. The super calcium oxide oxidizes the organic matter before chlorine, weakens the reaction of the organic matter and liquid chlorine, and decolors and deodorizes the wastewater; the zinc acetate inhibits the effect of liquid chlorine on organic matters and humic acid, reduces the generation of chloride derived from the humic acid, avoids producing halohydrocarbon and carcinogen, and avoids the generation of carcinogenSecondary pollution in the process of wastewater treatment is avoided. The chlorine disinfection method generally requires a contact time of not less than 30 min, the common dosage of chlorine solution is ineffective to viruses, pathogenic protozoa and spores, and the viruses are easy to generate resistance after being used for a long time, the zinc acetate can improve the disinfection efficiency and the killing effect of the chlorine solution, and the chlorine is used together to avoid the viruses from generating resistance and reduce the dosage of the chlorine. The oxidation of the treating agent can reduce the chroma of the waste water, prevent the filter from rotting and smelling, prevent the growth of moss in the filter and prevent the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the filter, thereby avoiding the blockage of the filter and prolonging the working time of the filter. Polyacrylamide partial nano SiO2Suspended in wastewater and made of nano SiO2The molecular motion of the organic fertilizer destroys the growth and reproduction environment of microorganisms and prevents moss from being produced in the wastewater.
In the preparation method of the medical sewage treatment agent, the polyacrylamide and the calcium superoxide are combined into granules by the stirring and kneading process in the step S1, so that the anti-deliquescence capability of the calcium superoxide and the polyacrylamide is improved, and moisture absorption is avoided; reducing the reactivity of the reaction between the calcium superoxide and the combustible substance. The kneading process of the step S2 coats a layer of nano SiO outside the calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide combination2Avoiding the absorption of moisture of the calcium superoxide and the polyacrylamide; kneading process for making nano SiO2The part of the calcium oxide is embedded into polyacrylamide super calcium oxide aggregates, and when the treating agent is added into water, the aggregates can be disintegrated quickly; the kneading process of the step S3 is carried out on the nano SiO2Zinc acetate is coated outside the composite material, so that the double protection effect is achieved, the moisture absorption and deliquescence of the calcium hydroxide and the polyacrylamide are thoroughly avoided, and the reaction of the calcium hydroxide and combustible substances is thoroughly avoided. Thereby improving the safety of the sewage treatment agent, prolonging the validity period and being convenient for storage and transportation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the wastewater treatment agent has the functions of disinfection and sterilization, and can improve the disinfection and sterilization effects and reduce the dosage of chlorine when used in combination with chlorine solution. The invention does not need to carry out pretreatment on the wastewater before disinfection, and does not need primary and secondary treatment, so the process is simple and the treatment efficiency is high.
2. The sewage treatment device has the advantages that the sewage treatment device is unnecessary to be subdivided into waste water disinfection and sludge disinfection, the disinfection treatment is directly carried out in a pipeline and a filter, the disinfection efficiency is high, bacteria can be killed more thoroughly, sludge is not generated, the sludge disinfection is not needed, and the secondary pollution caused by the incomplete sludge disinfection is avoided. The solid filtered by the filter is accumulated to a certain amount and can be discharged, and the process is sterilized by the chlorine solution for a long time and is completely sterilized, so that the solid can be directly disposed without being sterilized.
3. The liquid chlorine disinfection process is completed in a closed environment formed by the pipeline and the filter, air pollution such as odor and the like can not be generated, viruses can not leak along with air and water vapor, and the safety factor is high.
4. At present, a liquid chlorine disinfection method is adopted, viruses in water have greater resistance to chlorination disinfection along with the lapse of time, and the treatment agent disclosed by the invention is adopted to improve the efficiency and effect of liquid chlorine disinfection, avoid the generation of virus resistance and kill the viruses in advance. Therefore, the invention does not need to arrange a disinfection place such as an annular pipeline or a disinfection tank, and does not need to arrange a disinfection tank, an adjusting tank, a buffer tank, a water storage tank, a sedimentation tank, an oxidation tank, an aeration tank and the like, and the invention has simple process and strong operation reliability and stability.
5. The invention uses chlorine to treat water containing organic matters such as humic acid, etc., and does not generate carcinogenic substances such as halohydrocarbon (trihalomethane, chlorohydrocarbon, etc.), etc., and the treating agent prevents organic pollutants in the wastewater from generating harmful substances and carcinogenic substances.
6. The wastewater treatment agent adsorbs pollutants, and the filtering effect is improved.
7. The treatment method does not use disinfectants such as ozone with high cost, so the invention reduces the production cost and improves the economic benefit.
8. The disinfectant must be in effective contact with bacteria to kill the bacteria, and in order to ensure the best effect of sterilization, a certain contact time is required, and good mixing is one of the necessary conditions for improving the sterilization efficiency. The invention utilizes nano SiO2The disintegrating agent is used for accelerating disintegration of the treating agent, the mixing of chlorine solution is accelerated in the disintegrating process, and the chlorine solution is uniformly mixed by generating impact vortex when wastewater flows to a filter from a drainage pipeline, so that the stirring and mixing process can be omitted.
9. The treating agent avoids the corrosion of the liquid chlorine disinfectant to the equipment.
10. The treatment method firstly adds the treating agent and the disinfectant into the wastewater, thereby avoiding the virus pollution of the pretreatment process, and the first disinfection avoids the virus pollution in the subsequent process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises the following components in parts by weight: zinc acetate 50, calcium superoxide 420, polyacrylamide 63 and nano SiO2 75。
Example 2
A medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises the following components in parts by weight: zinc acetate 150, super calcium oxide 185, polyacrylamide 190, nano SiO2126。
Example 3
A medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises the following components in parts by weight: zinc acetate 83, calcium superoxide 230, polyacrylamide 150 and nano SiO2105。
Example 4
A medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises the following components in parts by weight: zinc acetate 110, calcium superoxide 360, polyacrylamide 125 and nano SiO296。
Example 5
A preparation method of a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 400 parts by weight of calcium superoxide and 60 parts by weight of polyacrylamide into a kneader, and kneading for 3.5 hours for later use;
s2, adding 78 parts of nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1.5h for standby;
s3, adding 53 parts of zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1.5h to obtain the wastewater treatment agent.
The stirring kneading process adopts a kneader. The parts are parts by weight.
Example 6
A preparation method of a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 200 parts by weight of calcium superoxide and 185 parts by weight of polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 2 hours for later use;
s2, adding 67 parts of nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1h for standby;
and S3, adding 140 parts of zinc acetate, and stirring and kneading for 1h to obtain the wastewater treatment agent.
The stirring kneading process adopts a kneader. The parts are parts by weight.
Example 7
A preparation method of a medical sewage treatment agent for preventing carcinogenic substances comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 310 parts by weight of calcium superoxide and 100 parts by weight of polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1.5 hours for later use;
s2, adding 128-minute nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 2.5h for standby;
and S3, adding 91 parts of zinc acetate, and stirring and kneading for 2.5 hours to obtain the wastewater treatment agent.
The stirring kneading process adopts a kneader. The parts are parts by weight.
Example 8
A medical sewage disinfection treatment method for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises three systems of preparation and addition of a treating agent, a three-stage filtration system and a contact disinfection system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the following components in parts by weight of zinc acetate 155, calcium superoxide 185, polyacrylamide 200 and nano SiO2122, standby;
secondly, adding the weighed calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1 hour;
adding weighed nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1 h;
then adding the weighed zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1h to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: adding a sewage treatment agent into the medical wastewater, then discharging the medical wastewater into a drain pipe, arranging a chlorination port connected with a chlorination machine on the drain pipe, adding a chlorine solution into the chlorination machine for disinfection, and sequentially filtering the wastewater added with the treatment agent and chlorine into a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter; the running distance of the wastewater from the chlorination port to the water outlet of the fine filter is 10m, and the running time is 9 minutes; sampling from the water outlet of the fine filter, observing the chromaticity of the sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the adding amount of a chlorine adding machine to enable the indexes of the residual chlorine to meet relevant standards; the content of bacteria in the sewage is detected, and the adding amount of a sewage treatment agent is increased and decreased, so that the indexes meet the relevant standards, and the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
The chlorine adding machine for chlorine adding is provided by electromechanical technology Limited liability company of Tonghun power supply in Beijing, and has the address as follows: 1-2-1705 of international mansion in the Chongshan district, Guangdong gate and Beijing. The main technical indexes are as follows: the chlorine adding amount is 0-1kg/H, 0-2kg/H,0-4kg/H,0-10kg/H, and the maximum chlorine adding amount is 20kg/H water injector and plate flowmeter are provided.
Example 9
A medical sewage disinfection treatment method for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises three systems of preparation and addition of a treating agent, a three-stage filtration system and a contact disinfection system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the following components in parts by weight of zinc acetate 120, calcium superoxide 355, polyacrylamide 187 and nano SiO2100, standby;
secondly, adding the weighed calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1.5 hours;
adding weighed nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1 h;
then adding the weighed zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 2 hours to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: firstly, dissolving a sewage treatment agent in a chlorine solution; discharging the medical wastewater into a drain pipe, wherein a chlorination port connected with a chlorination machine is arranged on the drain pipe, adding a chlorine solution in which a sewage treatment agent is dissolved into the chlorination machine for disinfection, and sequentially filtering the wastewater added with the treatment agent and the chlorine solution into a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter; the running distance of the wastewater from the chlorination port to the water outlet of the fine filter is 8m, and the running time is 8 minutes; sampling from the water outlet of the fine filter, observing the chromaticity of the sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the adding amount of a chlorine adding machine to enable the indexes of the residual chlorine to meet relevant standards; the content of bacteria in the sewage is detected, and the adding amount of a sewage treatment agent is increased and decreased, so that the indexes meet the relevant standards, and the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
The chlorine adding machine for chlorine adding is provided by electromechanical technology Limited liability company of Tonghun power supply in Beijing, and has the address as follows: 1-2-1705 of international mansion in the Chongshan district, Guangdong gate and Beijing. The main technical indexes are as follows: the chlorine adding amount is 0-1kg/H, 0-2kg/H,0-4kg/H,0-10kg/H, and the maximum chlorine adding amount is 20kg/H water injector and plate flowmeter are provided.
Example 10
The utility model provides a prevent to produce medical sewage disinfection processing system of carcinogenic substance, includes three major systems of preparation and throwing of treating agent, tertiary filtration system, contact disinfection system, characterized by:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the following components in parts by weight of zinc acetate 138, calcium superoxide 305, polyacrylamide 157 and nano SiO285, standby;
secondly, adding the weighed calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1.5 hours;
adding weighed nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1 h;
then adding the weighed zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1h to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the contact disinfection system consists of a drain pipe and a filter, a treating agent feeding port and a chlorine inlet are arranged on the drain pipe, and the wastewater completes a liquid chlorine disinfection process in the drain pipe and the filter;
3) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: medical wastewater → sewage treatment agent mixing → chlorine adding and disinfection → coarse filtration → middle filtration → fine filtration → sampling → discharge after reaching standards → municipal pipe network.
The medical wastewater is firstly added with a sewage treatment agent and then added with chlorine, then enters a drain pipe, and forms a three-stage filtration system through a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter to remove SS suspended substances, COD and BOD in the sewage.
The coarse filter, the middle filter and the fine filter are connected by a drain pipe and are connected to an urban pipe network.
The pipeline and the filter are watertight and air-tight, and can normally drain water along the pipeline, but the water and the air are watertight and air-tight, so that when water is drained, the water at the two ends of the pipeline plays a role in sealing, the disinfection effect of chlorine is improved, and the chlorine molecules are prevented from leaking.
A contact sterilization system: the running distance of the wastewater from the chlorination port to the water outlet of the fine filter is 15m, and the running time is 14 minutes.
The chlorine inlet on the pipeline is connected with a chlorine adding machine.
Extracting a water sample from a sampling port, observing the chromaticity of the water sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the adding amount of a chlorine adding machine to enable the indexes of the residual chlorine to meet the relevant standards; the content of bacteria in the sewage is detected, and the adding amount of a sewage treatment agent is increased and decreased, so that the indexes meet the relevant standards, and the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
The chlorine adding machine for chlorine adding is provided by electromechanical technology Limited liability company of Tonghun power supply in Beijing, and has the address as follows: 1-2-1705 of international mansion in the Chongshan district, Guangdong gate and Beijing. The main technical indexes are as follows: the chlorine adding amount is 0-1kg/H, 0-2kg/H,0-4kg/H,0-10kg/H, and the maximum chlorine adding amount is 20kg/H water injector and plate flowmeter are provided.
Comparison test 1:
in order to compare the amount of halogenated hydrocarbons in the wastewater after liquid chlorine disinfection, a comparison test was conducted under the following specific test conditions: the wastewater is treated by the following treatment method,
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the components used by each experimental group and each control group according to the weight parts for later use;
secondly, adding the weighed calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1 hour;
adding weighed nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1 h;
then adding the weighed zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1h to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: adding a sewage treatment agent into the medical wastewater, then discharging the medical wastewater into a drain pipe, arranging a chlorination port connected with a chlorination machine on the drain pipe, adding a chlorine solution into the chlorination machine for disinfection, and sequentially filtering the wastewater added with the treatment agent and chlorine into a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter; the running distance of the wastewater from the chlorination port to the water outlet of the fine filter is 15m, and the running time is 15 minutes; sampling from the water outlet of the fine filter, observing the chromaticity of the sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the adding amount of a chlorine adding machine to enable the indexes of the residual chlorine to meet relevant standards; the content of bacteria in the sewage is detected, and the adding amount of a sewage treatment agent is increased and decreased, so that the indexes meet the relevant standards, and the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
The chlorine adding machine for chlorine adding is provided by electromechanical technology Limited liability company of Tonghun power supply in Beijing, and has the address as follows: 1-2-1705 of international mansion in the Chongshan district, Guangdong gate and Beijing. The main technical indexes are as follows: the chlorine adding amount is 0-1kg/H, 0-2kg/H,0-4kg/H,0-10kg/H, and the maximum chlorine adding amount is 20kg/H water injector and plate flowmeter are provided.
The difference is that the waste water treatment agent is different.
The wastewater treatment agents of experimental groups 1-4 were the formulations provided in examples 1-4, respectively.
The wastewater treatment agents of the control groups 1-4 were the formulations provided in examples 1-4, respectively, but the formulations did not contain zinc acetate. (the step of adding zinc acetate was also removed and kneaded correspondingly in the production method)
Control 5 used no wastewater treatment agent.
The rest conditions are exactly the same. Detecting halogenated hydrocarbon in the waste water sampled in the fine filter, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps:
detection method of halogenated hydrocarbon:
1.1 instruments and reagents
1.11 Instrument: HP6890GC//5972MS chromatograph-mass spectrometer (Hewlett packard, USA), GC214A gas chromatograph with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) (Shimadzu, Japan), OV2101 capillary column (25m × 0.2mm × 0.25 Λ m), HP25 quartz capillary column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 Λ mFilmThickness), blow-off trapping device, Tekmar3000, electric heating constant temperature water bath box (temperature control precision + -0.5 deg.C).
1.12 reagent: the halohydrocarbon standard substance is provided by national standard substance research center, the halogen-free halohydrocarbon water is boiled for 30 minutes by double distilled water away from a laboratory, then is placed and cooled to room temperature, and before use, high-purity nitrogen is introduced to blow the halohydrocarbon water until the halohydrocarbon water is operated to be blank by P & T/GC/MS and has no halohydrocarbon interference peak.
1.2 analysis conditions the blowing and trapping conditions comprise the flow rate of blowing gas (high-purity helium gas) of 40mL/min, the blowing time of 11min, the resolving temperature of 180 ℃, the resolving time of 4min, the baking temperature of 225 ℃ and the baking time of 10 min. The chromatographic operation conditions comprise a sample inlet temperature of 200 ℃, split sample injection mode of split sample injection with a split ratio of 20: 1, a carrier gas flow rate of 1.0mL/min, a column temperature of 30 ℃ at the beginning, a temperature of 2min for 2min, a temperature of 70 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and a chromatographic mass spectrum transmission line temperature of 250 ℃. The mass spectrum operating conditions comprise 230 ℃ of EI (ion source), 109 ℃ of quadrupole, 70eV of emitted electron energy, 1541V of multiplication voltage and 45-300 amu of scanning range.
1.3 analytical procedure
1.3.1 HS/GC/ECD, namely filling a 50ml colorimetric tube with a total volume of 75ml with a water sample, introducing nitrogen to blow out the water sample to ensure that the volume ratio of gas to liquid in the colorimetric tube is 25: 50, putting the colorimetric tube into an electric heating constant temperature water bath box 1.1 instrument and a reagent 1.1.1 instrument HP6890 GC/5972 MS chromatograph-mass spectrometer (U.S. Hewlett packard), a GC214A gas chromatograph (Shimadzu), an OV2101 capillary column (25m multiplied by 0.2mm multiplied by 0.25 Lambda m) with an Electron Capture Detector (ECD), an HP25 quartz capillary column (30m multiplied by 0.25mm multiplied by 0.25 Lambda mFilmthickness), a blowing and trapping device, Tekmar3000, and an electric heating constant temperature water bath box (temperature control precision is +/-0.5 ℃).
1.1.2 reagent halogenated hydrocarbon standard substance provided by national Standard substance research center, double distilled water, boiling for 30 min, cooling to room temperature, introducing high-purity nitrogen gas, and purging with P&T/GC/MS running blank, there is no halogenated hydrocarbon interference peak. 1.2 analysis conditions the blowing and trapping conditions include a flow rate of purge gas (high purity helium gas) of 40mL/min, a purge time of 11min, a desorption temperature of 180 deg.C, and desorption timeThe time is 4min, the baking temperature is 225 ℃, and the baking time is 10 min. The chromatographic operation conditions comprise a sample inlet temperature of 200 ℃, split sample injection mode of split sample injection with a split ratio of 20: 1, a carrier gas flow rate of 1.0mL/min, a column temperature of 30 ℃ at the beginning, a temperature of 2min for 2min, a temperature of 70 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and a chromatographic mass spectrum transmission line temperature of 250 ℃. The mass spectrum operating conditions comprise 230 ℃ of EI (ion source), 109 ℃ of quadrupole, 70eV of emitted electron energy, 1541V of multiplication voltage and 45-300 amu of scanning range. 1.3 analysis step 1.3.1 HS/GC/ECD 50ml colorimetric tube with a total volume of 75ml is filled with a water sample, nitrogen is introduced to blow out the water sample, the volume ratio of gas to liquid in the colorimetric tube is 25: 50, the colorimetric tube is placed in an electric heating constant temperature water bath box (40 ℃) to be balanced for 40min, and gas on the liquid is extracted for chromatographic analysis. 1.3.2P&And T/GC/MS, namely after the temperature of the blown trap is confirmed to be less than 30 ℃, injecting 5mL of water sample into the sample tube, after the helium gas purging is finished, analyzing the sample into the chromatographic column when the GC/MS is in a ready state, and starting a GC/MS analysis program. And stopping mass spectrum data acquisition when all components flow out of the chromatographic column.
| Group \ halogenated hydrocarbon | Mu g/L of trichloromethane | Mu g/L of carbon tetrachloride | Bromomomethane mu g/L |
| Experimental group 1 | 32.2 | 3.7 | 17.8 |
| Experimental group 2 | 32.8 | 3.5 | 16.4 |
| Experimental group 3 | 34.1 | 3.2 | 17.8 |
| Experimental group 4 | 34.5 | 3.8 | 18.1 |
| Control group 1 | 98.6 | 23.4 | 78.6 |
| Control group 2 | 97.4 | 22.8 | 81.4 |
| Control group 3 | 95.8 | 25.9 | 79.6 |
| Control group 4 | 96.7 | 25.7 | 80.3 |
| Control group 5 | 143.7 | 56.7 | 107.5 |
TABLE 1
In table 1, experimental groups 1 to 4 are compared with a control group 5, which shows that the treatment agent provided by the present invention can significantly reduce carcinogens such as chlorohydrocarbons in wastewater.
The comparison of experimental groups 1-4 with control groups 1-4 shows that zinc acetate and other components supplement each other and have positive effect on inhibiting halogenated hydrocarbon.
Comparison of controls 1-4 with control 5 shows that the other components provided by the present invention also have a positive effect on the inhibition of halogenated hydrocarbons.
Comparison test 2:
the wastewater discharge standard reaching situation in the comparative test 1 is also detected, detection is performed according to relevant regulations of integrated water pollution discharge limits (daily average) of medical institutions and other medical institutions in the water pollution discharge standard GB18466-2005 of medical institutions set in 2005, and a water sample is extracted from a discharge port for detection, wherein the data is as follows:
| group \ contamination | Fecal coliform number/(MPN/L) | Anionic surfactant/(mg/L) | Animal and vegetable oil/(mg/L) | Total lead/(mg/L) | Total chromium/(mg/L) | Lichen | Corrosion of equipment |
| Experimental group 1 | 140 | 3.62 | 3.8 | 0.73 | 1.23 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Experimental group 2 | 90 | 3.54 | 3.4 | 0.57 | 1.31 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Experimental group 3 | 193 | 3.27 | 3.7 | 0.74 | 1.46 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Experimental group 4 | 253 | 3.84 | 4.1 | 0.67 | 1.34 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Control group 1 | 516 | 14.4 | 3.6 | 0.89 | 1.32 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Control group 2 | 474 | 12.5 | 3.4 | 0.91 | 1.41 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Control group 3 | 658 | 15.9 | 4.6 | 0.77 | 1.32 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Control group 4 | 616 | 15.8 | 4.3 | 0.82 | 1.37 | Is free of | Is free of |
| Control group 5 | 43600 | 46.7 | 29.5 | 3.78 | 4.16 | A large amount of moss | Has rust |
TABLE 2
Note: the moss blocking is performed at a temperature of above 20 deg.C for 30 days, and the filter is checked for the presence of moss and clogging. In the control group 5, no wastewater treatment agent was used, and a large amount of moss was accumulated in the filter to block the filter, thereby affecting the normal operation of the filter. The equipment corrosion was performed for 30 days to check the corrosion of the metal parts in the pipes and filters, and there were many corrosion in the control group 5.
Comparison test 3:
the medical wastewater treatment agents prepared in examples 5, 6, and 7 were labeled as experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Setting comparison groups, wherein the comparison groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively adopt the same components in the examples 5, 6 and 7, but the preparation processes are differentThe comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 were prepared by mixing the components and kneading the mixture in a kneader for a time equal to the total kneading time of examples 5, 6 and 7.
| Grouping/project | Moisture absorption and deliquescence | Mixing effect during disintegration | In water disintegration speed (seconds) | Days of deliquescence (heaven) standing in the air |
| Experimental group 1 | Is not easy to be | Wide diffusion, uniform mixing, no need of stirring | 45 | 27 |
| Experimental group 2 | Is not easy to be | Wide diffusion, uniform mixing, no need of stirring | 35 | 26 |
| Experimental group 3 | Is not easy to be | Wide diffusion, uniform mixing, no need of stirring | 42 | 27 |
| Control group 1 | Easy to use | Depositing in pile, stirring | 254 | 7 |
| Control group 2 | Easy to use | Depositing in pile, stirring | 228 | 6 |
| Control group 3 | Easy to use | Depositing in pile, stirring | 239 | 6 |
TABLE 3
The statistics of the number of deliquescence days left in the air are based on the fact that the surface of a granule becomes sticky and the two granules can stick together as a criterion.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A medical sewage disinfection treatment method for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated comprises three systems of preparation and addition of a treating agent, a three-stage filtration system and a contact disinfection system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the following components in parts by weight of 40-160 parts of zinc acetate, 150-450 parts of calcium superoxide, 50-200 parts of polyacrylamide and nano SiO260-130, for standby;
s1, adding the calcium superoxide and the polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1-4 hours for later use;
s2, adding nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1-3 h for standby;
s3, adding zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1-3 h to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: medical wastewater → sewage treatment agent mixing → chlorine adding and disinfection → coarse filtration → middle filtration → fine filtration → sampling → discharge after reaching standards → municipal pipe network;
the contact disinfection system consists of a drain pipe and a filter.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a wastewater container is provided in a hospital, and a treating agent inlet and a chlorine inlet are provided in the wastewater container.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the hospital does not have a waste water container, the treating agent is added before the medical waste water enters the drainage pipe, and the pipe is provided with a chlorine inlet.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a treating agent inlet and a chlorine inlet are provided in the waste water pipe.
5. The method for disinfecting medical sewage to prevent the generation of carcinogenic substances according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a buffer tank, a regulation tank, a disinfection tank and a water reservoir are not provided.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the medical wastewater is first treated with wastewater treatment agent, then treated with liquid chlorine, and then fed into a drain pipe and a filter, where the wastewater is sterilized with liquid chlorine.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the length of the contact sterilization system is not particularly extended, and is designed according to the maximum hourly volume of wastewater in the medical wastewater to ensure that the residence time in the pipes and filters is equal to the residence time required by the medical wastewater treatment technical guidelines, the length of the contact sterilization system is the total length of the pipes and filters from the chlorination port to the sampling port, and only three stages of filtration are sufficient to achieve sterilization.
8. The medical sewage disinfection treatment method for preventing carcinogenic substances from being generated according to claim 3, which comprises three systems of preparation and addition of a treatment agent, a three-stage filtration system and a contact disinfection system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing a sewage treatment agent:
weighing the following components in parts by weight of zinc acetate 155, calcium superoxide 185, polyacrylamide 200 and nano SiO2122, standby;
secondly, adding the weighed calcium superoxide and polyacrylamide into a kneader, and processing for 1 hour;
adding weighed nano SiO into the mixture2Stirring and kneading for 1 h;
then adding the weighed zinc acetate, stirring and kneading for 1h to obtain a wastewater treatment agent for later use;
2) the sewage treatment is carried out according to the following steps: adding a sewage treatment agent into the medical wastewater, then discharging the medical wastewater into a drain pipe, arranging a chlorination port connected with a chlorination machine on the drain pipe, adding liquid chlorine into the chlorination machine for disinfection, and sequentially filtering the wastewater added with the treatment agent and the liquid chlorine into a coarse filter, a middle filter and a fine filter; the running distance of the wastewater from the chlorination port to the water outlet of the fine filter is 10m, and the running time is 9 minutes; sampling from the water outlet of the fine filter, observing the chromaticity of the sample by using a residual chlorine colorimetric method, and adjusting the adding amount of a chlorine adding machine to enable the indexes of the residual chlorine to meet relevant standards; the content of bacteria in the sewage is detected, and the adding amount of a sewage treatment agent is increased and decreased, so that the indexes meet the relevant standards, and the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
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| CN101885556A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-17 | 四川大学 | Simple disinfection method for medicinal wastewater of hygiene hospital |
| CN101891349A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-24 | 湖州市中心医院 | Hospital sewage processing process |
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| CN101885556A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-17 | 四川大学 | Simple disinfection method for medicinal wastewater of hygiene hospital |
| CN101891349A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-24 | 湖州市中心医院 | Hospital sewage processing process |
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