CN107748026A - A kind of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method - Google Patents
A kind of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107748026A CN107748026A CN201710796456.7A CN201710796456A CN107748026A CN 107748026 A CN107748026 A CN 107748026A CN 201710796456 A CN201710796456 A CN 201710796456A CN 107748026 A CN107748026 A CN 107748026A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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Abstract
Synchronous across the yardstick residual stress detection method of one kind that the present invention designs, it is characterized in that, the residual-stress value of a standard specimen is demarcated first, standard specimen is stretched or compressed using fixed and loading device, and record the axial load of stretching and compression, application material mechanics and Elasticity classical theory calculate the theoretical stress value of standard specimen, as the benchmark of measured value.The microcosmic and macroscopic residual stress of X-ray diffraction method and the boring method measurement standard test specimen based on laser speckle interferometry technology is then synchronously respectively adopted.According to the theoretical stress value calculated, the measured value of X-ray diffraction method and boring method is modified, make microcosmic and macroscopic residual stress is unified in theoretical value.Recycle the X-ray diffraction method with amendment and the boring method based on laser speckle interferometry to measure the residual stress of other test specimens to be measured, realize the synchronous across size measurement of residual stress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to workpiece residual stress detection field, more particularly to a kind of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection side
Method.
Background technology
In industrial processes, either various mechanical processing process, reinforcement process, uneven plastic deformation or gold
Phase change all inevitably can produce residual stress on material and its product.Residual stress is a kind of internal stress, this interior
Stress balances each other certainly, and can still remain in material internal after external force and uneven temperature field all disappear.This planted agent
Power can produce certain influence, such as fatigue strength, static strength, brittle break etc. for part.These are influenceed in common industry
Caused by influence smaller, but for some high and advanced industries, any one influences all produce catastrophic consequence.Institute
So that rationally effective control residual stress is highly important for many industries.If want rationally effective to residual stress progress
Control, will there is more accurate, rational measuring method to carry out measurement remnant stress first.
Nineteen twenty-five Ge Maxin, Mura T, the confining method for proposing up to Vygen section husband H.H residual stress respectively.According to
Residual stress can be divided into macroscopic residual stress (Macro Residual by the range size that influences each other of residual stress
) and microcosmic residual stress (Micro residual Stresses) Stresses.German scholar E.Macherauch in 1973 is again
Macroscopic residual stress is referred to as first kind residual stress, microcosmic residual stress is incorporated into as the second class, the 3rd class residual stress.It is existing
Some measuring methods can only measure one kind in macroscopic view or microcosmic residual stress, and can only separate and measure, can not synchro measure
Microcosmic and macroscopic residual stress.Therefore, the measuring method of residual stress still has much room for improvement, microcosmic and macroscopical across yardstick so as to realize
Residual stress detects.
The content of the invention
1., purpose
Based on above-mentioned background, one kind synchronous across the yardstick residual stress detection method of the invention designed, will measure microcosmic residual
The X-ray diffraction method of residue stress is combined with measuring the boring method of macroscopic residual stress, can be microcosmic with synchro measure and macroscopical two
Residual stress on individual yardstick.During using different method measurement remnant stress, there will be certain error, this hair for measurement result
The bright scaling method for devising residual stress.Using the residual-stress value of the standard specimen of demarcation as benchmark, respectively to macroscopic view and
Microcosmic two kinds of measuring methods are modified, and realize that residual stress is unified across the numerical value that yardstick measures.
2nd, technical scheme
This invention takes following technical scheme：
Application material mechanics and Elasticity classical force theory, calculation testing piece are internal in the case where being acted on by axial tension
Caused stress.By calculated value, as residual stress true value, the demarcation of residual stress measuring method is carried out；
It is residual from the measurement of microcosmic and macroscopic perspective respectively using X-ray diffraction method and the boring method based on laser speckle interferometry
Residue stress；
Theoretical stress value based on test specimen under each extended state, to X-ray diffraction method and based on laser speckle interferometry
The measurement result of boring method is modified, and both macro and micro residual stress measurement value is unified in theoretical value；
Using revised X-ray diffraction method and the boring method based on laser speckle interferometry, it is possible to achieve residual stress is micro-
See synchronous across size measurement with macroscopic view；
The program is mainly characterized by：
Conventional residual stress test method can only all measure one kind in macroscopic view or microcosmic residual stress, and be difficult to realize
The unification of both macro and micro residual stress.This method is by the standard residual stress to constructing test specimen, to measuring microcosmic X ray
Diffraction approach and the boring method of macroscopic view are demarcated and corrected, and the measurement result of both macro and micro residual stress is unified, really real
Across the yardstick measurement of existing residual stress.
In summary, a kind of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method of the present invention, the concrete operation step of this method is such as
Under：
Step 1：Firstly the need of being standardized demarcation to residual stress.A rectangular slab unstressed, uniform in material is taken to make
For standard specimen, test specimen two ends are fixed on the fixture with quantitative stretching and compression function；
Step 2：Identical pulling force or pressure are applied to test specimen two ends, test specimen is in stretching or compressive state, record carries
Load forces value；
Step 3：Using the mechanics of materials and Elasticity calculation formula of classics, consider the material and shape of test specimen, calculate
The theoretical stress value of test specimen test specimen under the pulling force, the benchmark using theoretical value as measured value；
Step 4：The remnants that X-ray diffraction method and the boring method measurement test specimen based on laser speckle interferometry is respectively adopted should
Power, and measured value is contrasted with the theoretical value calculated；
Step 5：Change the value of thrust of test specimen two ends, and repeat step 3 and step 4, so as to obtain multiple standards stress
Under state, the error of two kinds of measuring methods and theoretical value；
Step 6：According to measurement result, the measurement result correction formula of two kinds of measuring methods is established, makes both macro and micro
Residual stress measurement result is all unified in the theoretical value of calculating on each stress level；
Step 7：Across yardstick residual stress detection platform is built, the platform intergration X-ray diffraction residual stress detection device
With the boring method equipment based on laser speckle interferometry strain identification.Meanwhile loading fixing device is added in platform, for remnants
Stress criterionization is demarcated；
Step 8：The residual stress of other test specimens to be measured is detected using the detection platform built, and utilizes amendment
Formula is modified to measurement result, finally realizes synchronous across the yardstick measurement of residual stress.
3rd, advantage and effect
(1) loading of the present invention to standard specimen, using the mechanics of materials and Elasticity formula of classics, calculate in difference
The standard theory value of test specimen residual stress under extended state, and as the standard value of residual stress measurement, to different measurements
Method is modified, that is, proposes the scaling method of residual stress.
(2) present invention uses microcosmic and macroscopical residual stress detection method simultaneously, and the same position of same test specimen is entered
Row residual stress detects, and by correction formula, makes microcosmic and macroscopic residual stress measurement result unification, realize residual across yardstick
Residue stress detects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method application；
1 is Laser emission instrument in figure, and 2 be dynamometer, and 3 be low-power machine, and 4 is accommodate loading device movable end, and 5 be X-
Ray emission instrument, 6 be pedestal, and 7 be X-ray tension gauge, and 8 be standard specimen, and 9 is accommodate loading device fixing end, and 10 are
Laser detection lens base, 11 be laser detection camera lens, and 12 be laser head base, and 13 be laser head, and 14 be drilling machine.
Embodiment
1 pair of method flow of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention
It can be easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, apparent clearly be defined so as to be made to protection scope of the present invention.Its
In, the detection platform that accompanying drawing 2 describes is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Step 1：Firstly the need of being standardized demarcation to residual stress.A rectangular slab unstressed, uniform in material is taken to make
For standard specimen, test specimen two ends are fixed on the fixture with quantitative stretching and compression function；
Step 2：Identical pulling force or pressure are applied to test specimen two ends, test specimen is in stretching or compressive state, record carries
Load forces value；
Step 3：Using the mechanics of materials and Elasticity calculation formula of classics, consider the material and shape of test specimen, calculate
The theoretical stress value of test specimen test specimen under the pulling force, the benchmark using theoretical value as measured value；
Step 4：The remnants that X-ray diffraction method and the boring method measurement test specimen based on laser speckle interferometry is respectively adopted should
Power, and measured value is contrasted with the theoretical value calculated；
Step 5：Change the value of thrust of test specimen two ends, and repeat step 3 and step 4, so as to obtain multiple standards stress
Under state, the error of two kinds of measuring methods and theoretical value；
Step 6：According to measurement result, the measurement result correction formula of two kinds of measuring methods is established, makes both macro and micro
Residual stress measurement result is all unified in the theoretical value of calculating on each stress level；
Step 7：Across yardstick residual stress detection platform (Fig. 2) is built, platform intergration X-ray diffraction residual stress inspection
Measurement equipment and the boring method equipment based on laser speckle interferometry strain identification.Meanwhile loading fixing device is added in platform, use
Standardize and demarcate in residual stress；
Step 8：The residual stress of other test specimens to be measured is detected using the detection platform built, and utilizes amendment
Formula is modified to measurement result, finally realizes synchronous across the yardstick measurement of residual stress.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of synchronous across yardstick residual stress detection method, it is characterised in that first to the residual-stress value of a standard specimen
Demarcated, standard specimen is stretched or compressed using fixed and loading device, and record the axial direction load of stretching and compression
Lotus, application material mechanics and Elasticity classical theory calculate the theoretical stress value of standard specimen, as the base of measured value
It is accurate.The micro- of X-ray diffraction method and the boring method measurement standard test specimen based on laser speckle interferometry technology is then synchronously respectively adopted
Sight and macroscopic residual stress.According to the theoretical stress value calculated, the measured value of X-ray diffraction method and boring method is modified,
Make microcosmic and macroscopic residual stress is unified in theoretical value.Recycle with the X-ray diffraction method corrected and based on laser speckle
The boring method of interference measures the residual stress of other test specimens to be measured, realizes the synchronous across size measurement of residual stress.
This method comprises the following steps that：
Step 1：Firstly the need of being standardized demarcation to residual stress.A rectangular slab unstressed, uniform in material is taken as mark
Quasi- test specimen, test specimen two ends are fixed on the fixture with quantitative stretching and compression function；
Step 2：Identical pulling force or pressure are applied to test specimen two ends, test specimen is in stretching or compressive state, records loading force
Value；
Step 3：Using the mechanics of materials and Elasticity calculation formula of classics, consider the material and shape of test specimen, calculate the examination
The theoretical stress value of part test specimen under the pulling force, the benchmark using theoretical value as measured value；
Step 4：The residual stress of X-ray diffraction method and the boring method measurement test specimen based on laser speckle interferometry is respectively adopted, and
Measured value is contrasted with the theoretical value calculated；
Step 5：Change the value of thrust of test specimen two ends, and repeat step 3 and step 4, so as to obtain multiple standards stress state
Under, the error of two kinds of measuring methods and theoretical value；
Step 6：Foundation measurement result, the measurement result correction formula of two kinds of measuring methods is established, make the remnants of both macro and micro
Results of stress is all unified in the theoretical value of calculating on each stress level；
Step 7：Across yardstick residual stress detection platform is built, the platform intergration X-ray diffraction residual stress detection device and base
In the boring method equipment of laser speckle interferometry strain identification.Meanwhile loading fixing device is added in platform, for residual stress
Standardization demarcation；
Step 8：The residual stress of other test specimens to be measured is detected using the detection platform built, and utilizes correction formula
Measurement result is modified, finally realizes synchronous across the yardstick measurement of residual stress.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109359358A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | It is a kind of for the side channel geometry optimization design method with side channel compact tension specimen |
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Application publication date: 20180302 |