CN107739864A - A kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107739864A CN107739864A CN201710987794.9A CN201710987794A CN107739864A CN 107739864 A CN107739864 A CN 107739864A CN 201710987794 A CN201710987794 A CN 201710987794A CN 107739864 A CN107739864 A CN 107739864A
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- matrix composite
- aluminum matrix
- aluminium
- temperature
- copper alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite, belong to alloy material preparing technical field.The present invention is first using aluminium magnesium copper alloy as raw material, pretreatment alloyed powder is atomized into after heating melting, then will be after pretreatment alloyed powder and titanium valve mix, using absolute ethyl alcohol as decentralized medium, it is dried in vacuo after being stirred, hybrid alloys powder is obtained, hybrid alloys powder is then loaded into aluminium jacket, after depressurizing isothermal holding, solder up, again after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), hot extrusion and solution treatment, room temperature is cooled to, produces aluminum matrix composite.Gained aluminum matrix composite of the invention has excellent mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite, belong to alloy material preparing technical field.
Background technology
Metal-base composites refers to using metal, alloy or intermetallic compound as matrix, and contains enhancing ingredients
A kind of composite.It is a Ge Xin branches of composite, although just having begun with faster hair in late 1960s
Exhibition, but metal-base composites overcomes poor, non-conductive, the easy moisture absorption of Thermal Properties of Polymer-based Composites, aging, release
The shortcomings of small molecule, at the same such material because specific modulus and specific strength are higher, mechanical behavior under high temperature is good, anti-wear performance is excellent,
The features such as thermal coefficient of expansion is smaller, dimensional stability is high, anti-fatigue performance is excellent and be widely used in Aero-Space, automobile etc.
Field.For example tungsten fiber enhancing superalloy matrix composite can be used for aircraft engine part, graphite/aluminum matrix composite is
The satisfactory texture material of satellite and space vehicle.
Light-weight metal based composites generally comprise aluminium base, magnesium-based, titanium-based and its associated alloys based composites.Aluminium base
Composite is the material with powerful vitality answered Development of Modern Science demand and emerged, and it is by two or more
The different material of property is combined by various process meanses.It can be divided into whisker, chopped fiber, company by the difference of reinforcement morphology
Continuous fiber and particulate reinforced composite.Compared to particulate reinforced composite, the manufacturing process of fibre reinforced composites is answered
It is miscellaneous, processing temperature is high, performance inconsistency is big and cost is high, fail to obtain large-scale commercial Application；It is and particulate reinforced metal-based
The preparation technology of composite is simple, cost is low, can be prepared with common metal process equipment, while also have high specific strength
And specific modulus, and the premium properties such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting and corrosion-resistant so that particles reiforced metal-base composition enjoys researcher
Concern and cause very big business enthusiasm.Conventional reinforcement material has oxide at present（Such as SiO2、Al2O3Deng）, nitride
（Such as TiN, AlN and Si3N4Deng）And the carbide being most widely used（Such as SiC, TiC）.But current aluminum-base composite
Material comprehensive mechanical property is not also very high, is also needed to its further research.
The content of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of：For traditional aluminum matrix composite mechanical property it is bad the problem of, carry
A kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite is supplied.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
（1）Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is heated to 800~1000 DEG C under argon gas guard mode, after aluminium magnesium copper alloy melting, passed through
Atomizer spray is into nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, end to be atomized, and is cooled to room temperature, discharging, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；
（2）It is 5 in mass ratio：1~10：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed with titanium valve to pour into and pre-processes 8~10 times of alloyed powder quality by 1
Absolute ethyl alcohol in, high-speed stirred mixing after, vacuum drying, obtain hybrid alloys powder；
（3）Hybrid alloys powder is fitted into aluminium jacket, is 0.1~0.8Pa in pressure, temperature is incubated under the conditions of being 600~800 DEG C
3~5h, after room temperature, solder up；
（4）By aluminium jacket 2~4h of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) after solder up, then through hot extrusion and solution treatment, discharging, it is cooled to room
Temperature, produce aluminum matrix composite.
Step（1）The aluminium magnesium copper alloy is any one in aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25 or aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2A12.
Step（1）It is 80 by volume by nitrogen and oxygen that the nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, which are,：1~100：1 mixes.
Step（4）The high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) condition is：Temperature is 1400~1500 DEG C, and pressure is 100~120MPa.
Step（4）The hot extrusion condition is：Extruding force is 200~280kN, and extruding rate is 3~5mm/s, extrusion ratio
For 10：1~15：1, extrusion temperature is 680~780 DEG C.
Step（4）The solution treatment condition is：Temperature is 1500~1550 DEG C, and the time is 45~60min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Technical solution of the present invention contacts after aluminium magnesium copper alloy is atomized at high temperature first with nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, on the one hand, can
Make the cooling and solidifying of the alloy liquid droplet after atomization refine alloying pellet into powder, be advantageous to being uniformly distributed in the base, improve and increase
Potent fruit, on the other hand, alloy powder surfaces of aluminum and nitrogen and oxygen reaction in gas can be made, in alloy powder Surface Realize nitrogen
Change the composite bed of aluminium, aluminum oxide, magnesia and cupric oxide, effectively can avoid in subsequent processes, magnesium therein, aluminium, copper
Excessive weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing is generated with active titanium reaction, so as to influence product mechanical property, in addition, therein
Aluminum oxide can react with titanium, make alloy powder that loose structure be presented, and after wherein the relatively low metal of fusing point oozes out, contacted with titanium,
Intermetallic compound is generated, is filled in loose structure, and clad is formed on loose structure surface, is improving both interface knots
While closing intensity, the ductility of material can also be effectively retained, product comprehensive mechanical property is effectively improved.
Embodiment
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is poured into crucible, and crucible is moved into high-temperature smelting pot, with 60~120mL/min speed into stove
Argon gas is passed through, under argon gas guard mode, is heated to 800~1000 DEG C, after aluminium magnesium copper alloy in crucible completely melting,
While hot by the aluminium magnesium copper alloy of melting by atomizer spray in the reactor filled with nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, end to be atomized,
Room temperature is naturally cooled to, discharges, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；It is 5 in mass ratio：1~10：1 mixes pretreatment alloyed powder with titanium valve
Close and pour into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 8~10 times of pretreatment alloyed powder quality, with mixer with 1500~1800r/min rotating speed high-speed stirrings
Mix 45~60min of mixing, obtain mixed dispersion liquid, and gained mixed dispersion liquid is transferred to vacuum drying chamber, in temperature be 75~90
Under the conditions of DEG C, 4~6h is dried in vacuo, obtains hybrid alloys powder；Gained hybrid alloys powder is fitted into aluminium jacket again, aluminium jacket is taken out
Vacuum 3~5h of isothermal holding, treats that aluminium jacket naturally cools to 0.1~0.8Pa, and under the conditions of temperature is 600~800 DEG C
After room temperature, carry out solder up, then the aluminium jacket after solder up be transferred to hot isostatic press, in temperature be 1400~1500
DEG C, under the conditions of pressure is 100~120MPa, 2~4h of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), then the aluminium jacket after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is moved into heat extruder,
Regulation extruding force is 200~280kN, and extrusion temperature is 680~780 DEG C, and under the conditions of extruding rate is 3~5mm/s, control is squeezed
Pressure ratio is 10：1~15：1, hot extrusion jewelling jacket is obtained, hot extrusion jewelling is then fit over into temperature as under the conditions of 1500~1550 DEG C,
45~60min of solution treatment, after naturally cool to room temperature, produce aluminum matrix composite.The aluminium magnesium copper alloy closes for magnalium copper
Any one in golden 2B25 or aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2A12.The nitrogen oxygen mixed gas are to be by volume by nitrogen and oxygen
80：1~100：1 mixes.
Example 1
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is poured into crucible, and crucible is moved into high-temperature smelting pot, argon is passed through into stove with 120mL/min speed
Gas, under argon gas guard mode, 1000 DEG C are heated to, while hot will melting after aluminium magnesium copper alloy in crucible completely melting
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy by atomizer spray in the reactor filled with nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, end to be atomized, naturally cool to
Room temperature, discharging, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；It is 10 in mass ratio：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed and pours into pretreatment alloy by 1 with titanium valve
In the absolute ethyl alcohol that 10 times of silty amount, 60min is mixed with 1800r/min rotating speeds high-speed stirred with mixer, obtains mixed dispersion liquid,
And gained mixed dispersion liquid is transferred to vacuum drying chamber, under the conditions of temperature is 90 DEG C, 6h is dried in vacuo, obtains hybrid alloys powder；
Gained hybrid alloys powder is fitted into aluminium jacket again, aluminium jacket is evacuated to 0.8Pa, and under the conditions of temperature is 800 DEG C, protect
Temperature processing 5h, after aluminium jacket naturally cools to room temperature, carries out solder up, then the aluminium jacket after solder up is transferred into heat etc.
Static pressure machine, in temperature be 1500 DEG C, pressure be 120MPa under the conditions of, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) 4h, then by after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) aluminium jacket move
Entering heat extruder, regulation extruding force is 280kN, and extrusion temperature is 780 DEG C, under the conditions of extruding rate is 5mm/s, control extruding
Than for 15：1, hot extrusion jewelling jacket is obtained, hot extrusion jewelling is then fit over into temperature as under the conditions of 1550 DEG C, solution treatment 60min,
After naturally cool to room temperature, aluminum matrix composite is produced.The aluminium magnesium copper alloy is aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25.The nitrogen oxygen mixing
It is 100 by volume by nitrogen and oxygen that gas, which is,：1 mixes.
Example 2
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is poured into crucible, and crucible is moved into high-temperature smelting pot, argon is passed through into stove with 120mL/min speed
Gas, under argon gas guard mode, 1000 DEG C are heated to, while hot will melting after aluminium magnesium copper alloy in crucible completely melting
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy by atomizer spray in the reactor filled with nitrogen, end to be atomized, naturally cool to room temperature, go out
Material, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；It is 10 in mass ratio：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed with titanium valve to pour into and pre-processes alloyed powder quality by 1
In 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, 60min is mixed with 1800r/min rotating speeds high-speed stirred with mixer, obtains mixed dispersion liquid, and by institute
Obtain mixed dispersion liquid and be transferred to vacuum drying chamber, under the conditions of temperature is 90 DEG C, is dried in vacuo 6h, obtains hybrid alloys powder；Again by institute
Obtain hybrid alloys powder to be fitted into aluminium jacket, aluminium jacket is evacuated to 0.8Pa, and under the conditions of temperature is 800 DEG C, isothermal holding
5h, after aluminium jacket naturally cools to room temperature, solder up is carried out, then the aluminium jacket after solder up is transferred to high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Machine, in temperature be 1500 DEG C, pressure be 120MPa under the conditions of, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) 4h, then by after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) aluminium jacket move into heat
Extruder, regulation extruding force are 280kN, and extrusion temperature is 780 DEG C, under the conditions of extruding rate is 5mm/s, control the extrusion ratio to be
15：1, obtain hot extrusion jewelling jacket, hot extrusion jewelling then fit over into temperature as under the conditions of 1550 DEG C, solution treatment 60min, treat from
Room temperature so is cooled to, produces aluminum matrix composite.The aluminium magnesium copper alloy is aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25.
Example 3
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is poured into crucible, and crucible is moved into high-temperature smelting pot, argon is passed through into stove with 120mL/min speed
Gas, under argon gas guard mode, 1000 DEG C are heated to, while hot will melting after aluminium magnesium copper alloy in crucible completely melting
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy by atomizer spray in the reactor filled with oxygen, end to be atomized, naturally cool to room temperature, go out
Material, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；It is 10 in mass ratio：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed with titanium valve to pour into and pre-processes alloyed powder quality by 1
In 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, 60min is mixed with 1800r/min rotating speeds high-speed stirred with mixer, obtains mixed dispersion liquid, and by institute
Obtain mixed dispersion liquid and be transferred to vacuum drying chamber, under the conditions of temperature is 90 DEG C, is dried in vacuo 6h, obtains hybrid alloys powder；Again by institute
Obtain hybrid alloys powder to be fitted into aluminium jacket, aluminium jacket is evacuated to 0.8Pa, and under the conditions of temperature is 800 DEG C, isothermal holding
5h, after aluminium jacket naturally cools to room temperature, solder up is carried out, then the aluminium jacket after solder up is transferred to high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Machine, in temperature be 1500 DEG C, pressure be 120MPa under the conditions of, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) 4h, then by after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) aluminium jacket move into heat
Extruder, regulation extruding force are 280kN, and extrusion temperature is 780 DEG C, under the conditions of extruding rate is 5mm/s, control the extrusion ratio to be
15：1, obtain hot extrusion jewelling jacket, hot extrusion jewelling then fit over into temperature as under the conditions of 1550 DEG C, solution treatment 60min, treat from
Room temperature so is cooled to, produces aluminum matrix composite.The aluminium magnesium copper alloy is aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25.
Example 4
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is poured into crucible, and crucible is moved into high-temperature smelting pot, argon is passed through into stove with 120mL/min speed
Gas, under argon gas guard mode, 1000 DEG C are heated to, while hot will melting after aluminium magnesium copper alloy in crucible completely melting
Aluminium magnesium copper alloy by atomizer spray in the reactor filled with argon gas, end to be atomized, naturally cool to room temperature, go out
Material, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；It is 10 in mass ratio：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed with titanium valve to pour into and pre-processes alloyed powder quality by 1
In 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, 60min is mixed with 1800r/min rotating speeds high-speed stirred with mixer, obtains mixed dispersion liquid, and by institute
Obtain mixed dispersion liquid and be transferred to vacuum drying chamber, under the conditions of temperature is 90 DEG C, is dried in vacuo 6h, obtains hybrid alloys powder；Again by institute
Obtain hybrid alloys powder to be fitted into aluminium jacket, aluminium jacket is evacuated to 0.8Pa, and under the conditions of temperature is 800 DEG C, isothermal holding
5h, after aluminium jacket naturally cools to room temperature, solder up is carried out, then the aluminium jacket after solder up is transferred to high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Machine, in temperature be 1500 DEG C, pressure be 120MPa under the conditions of, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) 4h, then by after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) aluminium jacket move into heat
Extruder, regulation extruding force are 280kN, and extrusion temperature is 780 DEG C, under the conditions of extruding rate is 5mm/s, control the extrusion ratio to be
15：1, obtain hot extrusion jewelling jacket, hot extrusion jewelling then fit over into temperature as under the conditions of 1550 DEG C, solution treatment 60min, treat from
Room temperature so is cooled to, produces aluminum matrix composite.The aluminium magnesium copper alloy is aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25.
Comparative example：The aluminum matrix composite of Shandong material Science and Technology Ltd. production.
The gained of example 1 to 4 aluminum matrix composite and comparative example product are detected into its mechanical property according to GJB5443, specifically
Testing result is as shown in table 1：
Table 1
| Detection content | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example |
| Yield strength/MPa | 650 | 560 | 550 | 540 | 520 |
| Modulus of elasticity/MPa | 110 | 98 | 95 | 90 | 80 |
From the testing result of table 1, present invention gained aluminum matrix composite has excellent mechanical property.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that specifically preparation process is：
（1）Aluminium magnesium copper alloy is heated to 800~1000 DEG C under argon gas guard mode, after aluminium magnesium copper alloy melting, passed through
Atomizer spray is into nitrogen oxygen mixed gas, end to be atomized, and is cooled to room temperature, discharging, obtains pretreatment alloyed powder；
（2）It is 5 in mass ratio：1~10：Pretreatment alloyed powder is mixed with titanium valve to pour into and pre-processes 8~10 times of alloyed powder quality by 1
Absolute ethyl alcohol in, high-speed stirred mixing after, vacuum drying, obtain hybrid alloys powder；
（3）Hybrid alloys powder is fitted into aluminium jacket, is 0.1~0.8Pa in pressure, temperature is incubated under the conditions of being 600~800 DEG C
3~5h, after room temperature, solder up；
（4）By aluminium jacket 2~4h of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) after solder up, then through hot extrusion and solution treatment, discharging, it is cooled to room
Temperature, produce aluminum matrix composite.
A kind of 2. preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）The aluminium
Magnesium copper alloy is any one in aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2B25 or aluminium magnesium copper alloy 2A12.
A kind of 3. preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）The nitrogen
It is 80 by volume by nitrogen and oxygen that oxygen gas mixture, which is,：1~100：1 mixes.
A kind of 4. preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）The heat
Isostatic pressed condition is：Temperature is 1400~1500 DEG C, and pressure is 100~120MPa.
A kind of 5. preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）The heat
Extruding condition is：Extruding force is 200~280kN, and extruding rate is 3~5mm/s, extrusion ratio 10：1~15：1, extrusion temperature
For 680~780 DEG C.
A kind of 6. preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）It is described solid
Molten treatment conditions are：Temperature is 1500~1550 DEG C, and the time is 45~60min.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110819917A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-21 | 天津大学 | Method for in-situ synthesis of high-length-diameter ratio whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composite by hot isostatic pressing |
| CN111014704A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-17 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of powder metallurgy tool and die steel |
| CN115961170A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-14 | 江苏大学 | 600MPa strength level high-strength high-intergranular corrosion resistance SiCw reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110819917A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-21 | 天津大学 | Method for in-situ synthesis of high-length-diameter ratio whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composite by hot isostatic pressing |
| CN111014704A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-17 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of powder metallurgy tool and die steel |
| CN115961170A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-14 | 江苏大学 | 600MPa strength level high-strength high-intergranular corrosion resistance SiCw reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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