CN107732913A - 船舶岸电供电装置 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0073—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/443—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M5/45—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
本发明公开船舶岸电供电装置,设置包括移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元,移相变压器单元中设有与移相整流变压器的输出绕组数量相同的、交错并联的AC/DC/AC模块来提高等效开关效率,避免产生谐波污染,进而提高电能质量;设置三个整流逆变器模块,内设至少1个整流逆变器子模块依次串联,每个整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路,当某个整流逆变器子模块出现故障时,可由旁路电路直接将其旁路,各个整流逆变器子模块电路结构相同,可互换,便于调试,以保证电能质量;滤波单元设置并联型有源滤波器、电抗器以及无源滤波器,在维持原有转换率的同时,克服了单独使用并联有源滤波装置和无源滤波装置的不足,有效抑制谐波,保证电能质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及停靠于港口码头的船舶供电的岸电电源,具体涉及船舶岸电供电装置。
背景技术
船舶靠港时采用按点进行供电,现有技术中,船舶的配置为6.6KV/50Hz、6KV/60Hz、480KV/60Hz,可将岸电分为低压岸电、中压岸电和高压岸电。低压岸电是通过降压变压器将高压电降压到功率半导体可承受范围,采用AC/DC/AC的方式改变频率和相位;中压岸电通过增设升压变压器实现;高压岸电通过级联直挂变频电源进行AC/DC/AC变换实现。上述技术受限于开关器件的开关频率和效率的限制,使得变频器整流和逆变对电网的电能造成谐波污染,降低了为船舶供电的电能质量。
发明内容
本发明提供船舶岸电供电装置,解决现有技术存在的电能质量差的问题。
本发明通过以下技术方案解决上述问题:
船舶岸电供电装置,包括移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元;
外部岸电经移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元后为外部船舶供电;所述移相变压器单元包括至少1个移相整流变压器以及N组AC/DC/AC模块,其中N≥1,N为正整数,N的值与移相整流变压器的输出绕组的总数量相同;所述N组AC/DC/AC模块交错并联连接,输出三相信号至功率单元。
进一步地,所述移相整流变压器的数量为2个,每个移相整流变压器含12个输出绕组。
进一步地,所述功率单元由三个整流逆变器模块组成,分别为第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块;所述第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块电路结构相同;所述第一整流逆变器模块由至少1个第一整流逆变器子模块组成;各第一整流逆变器子模块依次串联;每个第一整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路;在各第一整流逆变器子模块中,包括有第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器,所述第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器串联连接。
进一步地,所述第一整流逆变器子模块的数量为8个。
进一步地,所述滤波单元由并联型有源滤波器、电抗器以及无源滤波器组成;所述并联型有源滤波器接收功率单元的信号进行滤波后,经电抗器和无源滤波器处理后为外部船舶供电。
进一步地,所述无源滤波器由M组不同调谐频率的单调谐滤波器和高通滤波器组成,其中M≥1,M为正整数,M为需要抑制的谐波的数量。
与现有技术相比,具有如下特点:
1、设置包括移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元,移相变压器单元中设有与移相整流变压器的输出绕组数量相同的、交错并联的AC/DC/AC模块来提高等效开关效率,避免产生谐波污染,进而提高电能质量;
2、针对移相变压器单元的三相输出,功率单元设有三个整流逆变器模块与之对应,且每个整流逆变器模块中设有至少1个整流逆变器子模块依次串联,每个整流逆变器子模块均设有1个全波整流器和1个单相全桥逆变器,每个整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路,当某个整流逆变器子模块出现故障时,可由旁路电路直接将其旁路,各个整流逆变器子模块电路结构相同,可互换,便于调试,以保证电能质量;
3、滤波单元设置并联型有源滤波器、电抗器以及无源滤波器,在维持原有转换率的同时,克服了单独使用并联有源滤波装置和无源滤波装置的不足,有效抑制谐波,保证电能质量。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构原理框图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
船舶岸电供电装置,包括移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元;外部岸电经移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元后为外部船舶供电;所述移相变压器单元包括至少1个移相整流变压器以及N组AC/DC/AC模块,其中N≥1,N为正整数,N的值与移相整流变压器的输出绕组的总数量相同;所述N组AC/DC/AC模块交错并联连接,输出三相信号至功率单元。
AC/DC/AC模块主要包括有晶闸管和PWM逆变器,其中,晶闸管为无触点开关,施加正向电流且门极具有触发电流时,晶闸管的负载电路导通;PWM逆变器根据PWM周期的变化开始或停止逆变。AC/DC/AC模块通过系列的晶闸管和PWM逆变器,将岸电通过多脉波整流成直流,在通过载波移相并联的PWM逆变器跟踪船舶电源***的电压和相位,通过载波移相实现无谐波输出,提高电网质量。
所述移相整流变压器的数量为2个,每个移相整流变压器含12个输出绕组。每个移相整流变压器对应一组AC/DC/AC模块,本发明有24各输出绕组,对应有24个AC/DC/AC模块,这24个AC/DC/AC模块以交错载波的方式交错并联,连接至功率单元和滤波单元。交错并联等效开关的频率是移相整流变压器中单个开关频率的倍数,该连接方式有效提高输出开关频率,利用PWM逆变器的漏感或者很小的输出电感,便能有效抑制谐波输出。
所述功率单元由三个整流逆变器模块组成,分别为第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块;所述第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块电路结构相同;所述第一整流逆变器模块由至少1个第一整流逆变器子模块组成;各第一整流逆变器子模块依次串联;每个第一整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路;在各第一整流逆变器子模块中,包括有第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器,所述第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器串联连接。
第一整流逆变器模块接收移相变压器单元输出的A相电压,第二整流逆变器模块接收移相变压器单元输出的B相电压,第二整流逆变器模块接收移相变压器单元输出的C相电压。第二整流逆变器模块由至少1个第二整流逆变器子模块组成;各第二整流逆变器子模块依次串联;每个第二整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路;在各第二整流逆变器子模块中,包括有第二三相全波整流器和第二单相全桥逆变器,所述第二三相全波整流器和第二单相全桥逆变器串联连接。第三整流逆变器模块由至少1个第三整流逆变器子模块组成;各第三整流逆变器子模块依次串联;每个第三整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路;在各第三整流逆变器子模块中,包括有第三三相全波整流器和第三单相全桥逆变器,所述第三三相全波整流器和第三单相全桥逆变器串联连接。
第一整流逆变器子模块的输入端与移相变压器单元的A相输出信号连接,输出端与滤波单元一路输入端连接;第二整流逆变器子模块的输入端与移相变压器单元的B相输出信号连接,输出端与滤波单元另一路输入端连接;第三整流逆变器子模块的输入端与移相变压器单元的C相输出信号连接,输出端与滤波单元又一路输入端连接。
本发明中,所述第一整流逆变器子模块的数量为8个,第二整流逆变器子模块的数量为8个,第三整流逆变器子模块的数量为8个。任一全波整流器或单相全桥逆变器出现故障,都可通过旁路电路将其旁路,使用同相的其它组的全波整流器和单相全桥逆变器。本发明采用24脉冲整流方式,改善岸电测的电流波形,降低输入电流谐波成分,提高功率因素,使得负载下的岸电侧的功率因素接近1。
所述滤波单元由并联型有源滤波器、电抗器以及无源滤波器组成;所述并联型有源滤波器接收功率单元的信号进行滤波后,经电抗器和无源滤波器处理后为外部船舶供电。所述无源滤波器承担主要的谐波抑制任务,由M组不同调谐频率的单调谐滤波器和高通滤波器组成,其中M≥1,M为正整数,M为需要抑制的谐波的数量。如需要抑制1、3、5、6次四种谐波,则M=4。并联型有源滤波器补偿剩余的谐波,能有效降低其容量,减少成本,改善电能。
Claims (6)
1.船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:
包括移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元;
外部岸电经移相变压器单元、功率单元和滤波单元后为外部船舶供电;所述移相变压器单元包括至少1个移相整流变压器以及N组AC/DC/AC模块,其中N≥1,N为正整数,N的值与移相整流变压器的输出绕组的总数量相同;所述N组AC/DC/AC模块交错并联连接,输出三相信号至功率单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:
所述移相整流变压器的数量为2个,每个移相整流变压器含12个输出绕组。
3.根据权利要求1所述的船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:
所述功率单元由三个整流逆变器模块组成,分别为第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块;所述第一整流逆变器模块、第二整流逆变器模块、第三整流逆变器模块电路结构相同;
所述第一整流逆变器模块由至少1个第一整流逆变器子模块组成;各第一整流逆变器子模块依次串联;每个第一整流逆变器子模块均设有旁路电路;
在各第一整流逆变器子模块中,包括有第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器,所述第一三相全波整流器和第一单相全桥逆变器串联连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:所述第一整流逆变器子模块的数量为8个。
5.根据权利要求1所述的船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:
所述滤波单元由并联型有源滤波器、电抗器以及无源滤波器组成;所述并联型有源滤波器接收功率单元的信号进行滤波后,经电抗器和无源滤波器处理后为外部船舶供电。
6.根据权利要求5所述的船舶岸电供电装置,其特征在于:
所述无源滤波器由M组不同调谐频率的单调谐滤波器和高通滤波器组成,其中M≥1,M为正整数,M为需要抑制的谐波的数量。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110518587A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏经纬轨道交通设备有限公司 | 多重变流器***的移相控制方法、***、装置及存储介质 |
CN113064096A (zh) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | 一种基于中高压交流的岸电试验*** |
CN113945789A (zh) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 移相变压器输出电压幅值与相位满载试验装置及试验方法 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110518587A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏经纬轨道交通设备有限公司 | 多重变流器***的移相控制方法、***、装置及存储介质 |
CN110518587B (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-12-26 | 江苏经纬轨道交通设备有限公司 | 多重变流器***的移相控制方法、***、装置及存储介质 |
CN113064096A (zh) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | 一种基于中高压交流的岸电试验*** |
CN113945789A (zh) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 移相变压器输出电压幅值与相位满载试验装置及试验方法 |
CN113945789B (zh) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-07-25 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 移相变压器输出电压幅值与相位满载试验装置及试验方法 |
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