CN107729972B - Data protection method for intelligent IC card - Google Patents
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- CN107729972B CN107729972B CN201710778332.6A CN201710778332A CN107729972B CN 107729972 B CN107729972 B CN 107729972B CN 201710778332 A CN201710778332 A CN 201710778332A CN 107729972 B CN107729972 B CN 107729972B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
- G06K19/07309—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
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Abstract
The invention provides a data protection method of an intelligent IC card, wherein the intelligent IC card comprises a battery, a main control chip, a safety module and a communication interface module, and the data protection method comprises the following steps: 1) when the card reader or the reader-writer is coupled with the corresponding card reader or the corresponding reader-writer, the main control chip provides electric energy from the battery for the security module, so that the security module is powered on and a card operating system is started; 2) the card operating system caches new data generated by transaction in a memory of the security module, and writes the cached new data in the memory into a curing storage area of the security module in a one-time and unified manner after the transaction is finished; 3) and when the communication interface is detected to be decoupled from the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, the main control chip controls the safety module to be powered off in a delayed mode. The invention can obviously shorten the transaction time and improve the transaction speed; the service life of the EEPROM or Flash can be effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of IC cards, in particular to a data protection method of an intelligent IC card.
Background
At present, the intelligent IC card is widely applied to various fields such as shopping, entertainment, entrance guard, Internet of things and the like. The IC Card is an english abbreviation of Integrated Circuit Card (Integrated Circuit Card). A special integrated circuit chip is embedded in a PVC (or ABS, etc.) plastic substrate which meets the corresponding standard, and is packaged into a card form, namely an IC card is manufactured. Of course, the IC card may be packaged into a button, a key, a decoration, or other special shapes.
The smart IC card usually contains a microprocessor unit, a memory unit (RAM, ROM, and EEPROM), and a communication interface unit inside. The RAM is used for storing intermediate data in the operation process, the ROM is solidified with a Chip Operating System (COS, hereinafter referred to as COS System for convenience of description), and the EEPROM is a programmable read-only memory, which is generally used for storing personal information of a cardholder and information about an issuing entity.
The smart IC card usually needs to exchange data and update data through a reader-writer, if power is lost accidentally during data updating, data in the EEPROM can be damaged, important data are usually stored in the EEPROM, and the damage usually causes the whole smart IC card to be scrapped. Therefore, in order to avoid the damage of important data stored in the EEPROM, the existing COS systems are designed with a power-down protection mechanism. In each data updating, the existing COS system needs to write the old data to be updated into an EEPROM (or other types of programmable memories, such as Flash) as a backup, modify and update the data, and erase the backup or disable the backup data. The power-down prevention protection mechanism can effectively protect data, however, the instruction execution time is too long, so that the whole transaction time is also prolonged, and the requirement of people on quick transaction is more and more difficult to meet.
Therefore, there is a need for a data protection solution that can reduce transaction time.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a data protection solution that can reduce transaction time.
The invention provides a data protection method of an intelligent IC card, wherein the intelligent IC card comprises a battery, a main control chip, a safety module and a communication interface module, and the data protection method comprises the following steps:
1) detecting whether the communication interface is coupled with a corresponding card reader or a corresponding reader-writer, and when the communication interface is judged to be coupled with the corresponding card reader or the corresponding reader-writer, providing electric energy from a battery to the security module by the main control chip so as to electrify the security module and start a card operating system;
2) the card operating system caches new data generated by transaction in a memory of the security module, and writes the cached new data in the memory into a curing storage area of the security module in a one-time and unified manner after the transaction is finished;
3) the main control chip detects whether the communication interface is decoupled from the corresponding card reader or the reader-writer, and when the communication interface is judged to be decoupled from the corresponding card reader or the reader-writer, the main control chip controls the safety module to be powered off in a delayed mode.
Wherein, the data protection method further comprises: when the battery power is lower than a preset first gear threshold value, the intelligent IC card sends a low power alarm to a user; and when the electric quantity of the battery is lower than a preset second gear threshold value, the main control chip forbids the safety module to work.
The communication interface module at least comprises an NFC interface, and in the step 1), whether the communication interface is coupled with a corresponding card reader or reader-writer is judged by detecting the induction electric energy of a coil of the NFC interface.
The communication interface module also comprises a contact type communication interface; in the step 1), when the security module works in a contact state, whether the communication interface is coupled with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer is judged by detecting whether the contact-type communication interface is connected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer.
Wherein the step 2) comprises the following substeps:
21) the card operating system receives the instruction;
22) the card operating system executes the instructions;
23) judging whether the transaction needs to update data, if so, executing step 24), and if not, directly executing step 25);
24) organizing and caching new data in a memory, and waiting for writing in a solidified storage area; continuing to execute step 25);
25) organizing the returned data;
26) judging whether other instructions exist, if so, returning to the step 21), and if not, executing the step 27);
27) and confirming that the transaction is finished, and uniformly writing all new data in the memory into the solidified storage area at one time.
Wherein the step 3) comprises the following substeps:
31) detecting whether the communication interface is disconnected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, and starting timing by the main control chip when the communication interface is judged to be disconnected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer;
32) and when the timing reaches a preset time threshold, the main control chip powers off the safety module.
The main control chip comprises a power output port connected with a power input port of the safety module, and the power output port can output a high level meeting the working voltage requirement of the safety module;
in the step 1), when the main control chip does not detect that the communication interface is coupled with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, the power output port of the main control chip keeps low level; when the main control chip detects that the communication interface is coupled with a corresponding card reader or a reader-writer, the main control chip controls the power output port to output high level, so that the security module is powered on and a card operating system is started.
Wherein, the data protection method further comprises: and shielding the starting mode of the card operating system in which the NFC induced voltage triggers the electrification of the security module.
Wherein, the low power alarm is an alarm in one or more modes of a screen, vibration, sound and Bluetooth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the data protection method of the intelligent IC card can obviously shorten the transaction time and improve the transaction speed.
2. The data protection method of the intelligent IC card can reduce the erasing and writing times of the EEPROM or the Flash, and effectively prolong the service life of the EEPROM or the Flash.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an electrical structure of a smart IC card in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a data protection method of a smart IC card in one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The inventor researches and discovers that the COS system of the existing intelligent IC card generally adopts a power-down prevention protection mechanism, under the protection mechanism, when data is updated, old data to be updated is required to be written into an EEPROM to be used as backup, then the data is modified and updated, and finally the backup is erased or the backup data is invalid. The process of erasing and writing the EEPROM often takes a lot of time, resulting in a long transaction time. In order to overcome the problem, the inventor provides a new data protection mechanism which relies on the power supply of power supply units such as a battery and the like to ensure that backup data does not need to be written into an EEPROM first and further improve the transaction speed. The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a smart IC card including a battery, a power management module, a main control chip, a security module (SE), and a communication interface module in one embodiment of the present invention. The communication interface module at least includes an NFC interface, and optionally, the communication interface may further include one or more of bluetooth, USB, audio, optical, ultrasonic, and other communication interfaces. Optionally, the smart IC card further comprises a human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module comprises one or more of a display screen, a key, a sensor, and the like.
In this embodiment, the battery is used to supply power to the power management module. The power management module is respectively interconnected with the main control chip, the communication interface module and the human-computer interaction module and is used for converting the electric energy of the battery into power voltages respectively matched with the main control chip, the communication interface module, the human-computer interaction module and other modules.
The main control chip is respectively interconnected with the SE, the communication interface module and the man-machine interaction module, and is used for controlling the operation of other modules in the contact intelligent IC card and is a bridge for contacting all the modules. In particular, in this embodiment, the main control chip can controllably supply power to the SE, and the power supply of the main control chip is external power supply, and the power of the main control chip is from a battery rather than inductive power from the NFC interface. In the prior art, an NFC interface generally includes an induction coil, and when an intelligent IC card approaches a card reader (or a reader/writer), the induction coil is excited by a radio frequency signal sent by the card reader (or the reader/writer) to generate induction power, and the induction power supplies power to an SE, so that the SE starts to operate. In this embodiment, the main control chip provides a power output port, and the power output port is connected to the power input port of the SE to provide stable power for the SE. Further, in a preferred embodiment, in order to better implement the detection of the master chip on the NFC transaction and the power supply control on the SE chip, a radio frequency field detection circuit is added to the NFC antenna (i.e., the induction coil of the NFC interface described above), and the radio frequency field detection circuit is further connected to the master chip and provides a signal for judging whether the IC card has entered the radio frequency field to the master chip, so that the master chip has a control basis and a control condition for controlling the SE power supply.
The SE includes a processor, memory, and EEPROM. The EEPROM may also be replaced by Flash, which is not described in detail below. The SE is loaded with an in-card operating system, namely the COS system. The COS system can realize various intelligent application functions of the intelligent IC card.
Based on the above smart IC card, the embodiment provides a data protection method capable of significantly increasing transaction speed, including: in any operating state of the SE (including the SE operating in a non-contact state), the main control chip controls the supply of external power to the SE. And, during the whole SE transaction process, the main control chip provides stable external power supply for the SE. After the transaction process is finished, the main control chip still needs to delay for a period of time, and then external power supply for the SE is cut off. Therefore, on one hand, the COS system in the SE can be guaranteed to have enough time to complete all instruction execution actions, all new data organized in the memory are written into a solidified storage area (such as an EEPROM), on the other hand, the power can be saved when the SE is in a non-working state, and the service time of a battery is prolonged.
In one embodiment, a low power protection function may be further provided in conjunction with a power management module inside the smart IC card. The low power protection is set to two gears, so that good user experience can be guaranteed, and the requirement of SE safe power supply can be maintained.
A first gear: when the battery power is lower than a preset first gear threshold value (for example, 20%), the smart IC card sends a low power alarm to the user to prompt the user to charge or replace the battery as soon as possible and in time. In one example, the power management module detects the remaining power of the battery, compares the remaining power with a threshold value, sends an alarm signal to the main control chip when the battery power is lower than the threshold value, and controls the human-computer interaction module to give a corresponding alarm when the main control chip receives the alarm signal. Such as by means of a screen, vibration, sound, bluetooth, etc.
A second gear: when the battery power is lower than a preset second gear threshold value (for example, 10%), the smart IC card prompts the user that the power is too low and exceeds the safe power limit, and at this time, the main control chip prohibits the SE from operating. The master control chip prohibits the SE from working and does not influence other functions, such as screen display, motor vibration, a loudspeaker/buzzer, a Bluetooth communication interface and the like, and the functions can be normally used. In one example, the power management module detects the remaining power of the battery, compares the remaining power with a limit value, and sends an alarm signal to the main control chip when the battery power is lower than the limit value, and the main control chip controls the human-computer interaction module to give a corresponding alarm when receiving the alarm signal. Such as by means of a screen, vibration, sound, bluetooth, etc. Meanwhile, the main control chip forcibly cuts off the external power supply to the SE to inhibit the SE from working, thereby avoiding the data in the SE from being damaged.
After the low-power protection function is added, the SE has no possibility of accidental power failure. Therefore, the COS system in the SE does not need to consider and design a complex power-down prevention protection mechanism which needs to erase and write the EEPROM/Flash for many times in the execution process of each instruction, only needs to temporarily store all new data which needs to be written into the solidified storage area in the memory, and writes the new data into the solidified storage area in a unified way once after the transaction process is finished, so that the times of erasing and writing the EEPROM/Flash are greatly saved, the instruction execution speed is improved, and the transaction speed is accelerated.
Further, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a data protection method for increasing transaction speed in an embodiment of the present invention, where the data protection method is suitable for a situation where the SE operates in a non-contact state, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: and the main control chip controls the SE to be powered on. In one example, an induced voltage of the NFC interface is detected, and when the induced voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the main control chip supplies power to the SE. And after the SE is powered on, the COS system starts to work.
Step 2: the COS system receives the instruction.
And step 3: the COS system executes instructions.
And 4, step 4: and judging whether the data needs to be updated or not, if so, executing the step 5, and if not, directly executing the step 6.
And 5: and organizing the new data in the memory, caching the new data in the memory, and waiting to be written into the solidified storage area. Note that in this step, the new data is backed up without being written to the solid memory. And after the step 5 is finished, continuing to execute the step 6.
Step 6: the returned data is organized.
And 7: and judging whether other instructions exist or not, if so, returning to the step 2, and if not, executing the step 8.
And 8: and confirming that the transaction is finished, and writing all new data in the memory into a solidified storage area (such as EEPROM or Flash).
And step 9: and the main control chip controls the SE to delay power-off. In one example, the induced voltage of the NFC interface is detected, when the induced voltage is lower than a preset voltage threshold, the master chip starts to count (for example, count by using a timer), and when the count reaches a time threshold, the master chip turns on the power supply to the SE. The time threshold for delayed power-off can be set according to the maximum value of the time for erasing data on the EEPROM or Flash.
Based on the flow of the data protection method, all new data are written into the solidified storage area once after the transaction is finished. Therefore, erasing and writing of the solidified storage area in the transaction process are avoided, and the transaction speed is remarkably improved. Particularly, under the condition that the transaction process comprises a plurality of instructions, the data protection method avoids repeated erasing and writing of the solidified memory in each transaction process, and the transaction speed is improved more obviously.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the master control chip supplies power to the SE and adopts a design of power off with time delay. Therefore, in step 8, when the transaction is finished, the smart IC card can be out of the sensing range of the card reader. Based on the design of delayed power-off, the intelligent IC card can continue to process data within a period of time after the card swiping is finished, and the work of writing all new data into a curing storage area is completed. For the user, the transaction time felt by the user is actually the period from the time of 'swiping card' to the time of 'swiping card' ending, and the time for writing the new data into the solidified storage area is not within the transaction time felt by the user, so the intelligent IC card of the invention can provide a faster use experience for the user.
Further, in one embodiment, the main control chip provides a power output port, and the power output port can provide a signal meeting the SE operating voltage requirement. And the power output port of the main control chip is connected with the power input port of the SE. And when the main control chip does not detect the induction voltage of the coil of the NFC interface, the power output port of the main control chip keeps low level. When the master control chip detects that the coil of the NFC interface has induction voltage, the master control chip controls the power output port to output high level, so that the SE is powered on.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, in order to better implement the detection of the NFC transaction by the host chip and the control of the power supply to the SE chip, a radio frequency field detection circuit is added to the NFC antenna (i.e. the induction coil of the NFC interface described above). When the detection circuit finds that the radio frequency field is entered, a first signal is provided for the main control chip, and after the main control chip judges that the first signal is effective, the main control chip provides power output for the SE chip. When the detection circuit finds that the radio frequency field is removed, a second signal is provided for the main control chip, the main control chip keeps outputting to the power supply of the SE chip and continues to maintain for a period of time, and then the external power supply for the SE chip is cut off.
The data protection method of the present invention is also suitable for the case where the SE operates in a contact state.
In one embodiment, the smart IC card has a contact communication interface (e.g., a contact USB, audio, etc. communication interface) and is connected to a card reader (or a reader/writer) through the contact communication interface to exchange data, and the data protection method includes the following steps:
step 10: and the main control chip controls the SE to be powered on. Whether the contact type communication interface of the intelligent IC card is connected with a corresponding card reader (or a reader-writer) is detected, and when the connection of the contact type communication interface of the intelligent IC card and the corresponding card reader (or the reader-writer) is detected, the main control chip supplies power to the SE. And after the SE is powered on, the COS system starts to work.
Step 20: the COS system receives the instruction.
Step 30: the COS system executes instructions.
Step 40: and judging whether the data needs to be updated, if so, executing the step 50, and if not, directly executing the step 60.
Step 50: and organizing the new data in the memory, caching the new data in the memory, and waiting to be written into the solidified storage area. Note that in this step, the new data is backed up without being written to the solid memory. After step 50 is completed, step 60 is continued.
Step 60: the returned data is organized.
Step 70: it is determined whether there are additional instructions, and if so, step 20 is returned, and if not, step 80 is performed.
Step 80: and confirming that the transaction is finished, and writing all new data in the memory into a solidified storage area (such as EEPROM or Flash).
Step 90: and the main control chip controls the SE to delay power-off. Whether a contact communication interface of the intelligent IC card is disconnected with a corresponding card reader (or a reader-writer) is detected, when the disconnection of the contact communication interface of the intelligent IC card and the corresponding card reader is detected, the main control chip starts timing (for example, timing by using a timer), and when the timing reaches a time threshold value, the main control chip switches on power supply to the SE. The time threshold for delayed power-off can be set according to the maximum value of the time for erasing data on the EEPROM or Flash.
In addition, in another embodiment, the smart IC card may also be coupled with a corresponding card reader and exchange data using other contactless communication interfaces (e.g., optical, ultrasonic) than the NFC interface. In this case, in step 10, it is determined whether the main control chip supplies power to the SE by detecting whether the optical or ultrasonic communication interface of the smart IC card is coupled with a corresponding card reader (or reader/writer). In step 90, it is determined whether the main control chip starts the delayed power-off by detecting whether the optical or ultrasonic communication interface of the smart IC card is decoupled from the corresponding card reader (or reader/writer).
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A data protection method of an intelligent IC card, the intelligent IC card comprises a battery, a main control chip, a security module and a communication interface module, the data protection method comprises the following steps:
1) when the card reader or the reader-writer is coupled with the corresponding card reader or the corresponding reader-writer, the main control chip provides electric energy from the battery for the security module, so that the security module is powered on and a card operating system is started;
2) the card operating system caches new data generated by transaction in a memory of the security module, and writes the cached new data in the memory into a curing storage area of the security module in a one-time and unified manner after the transaction is finished;
3) and when the communication interface is detected to be decoupled from the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, the main control chip controls the safety module to be powered off in a delayed mode.
2. The data protection method of a smart IC card according to claim 1, further comprising: when the battery power is lower than a preset first gear threshold value, the intelligent IC card sends a low power alarm to a user; and when the electric quantity of the battery is lower than a preset second gear threshold value, the main control chip forbids the safety module to work.
3. The data protection method of the smart IC card according to claim 1, wherein the communication interface module at least includes an NFC interface, and in step 1), whether the communication interface is coupled with a corresponding card reader or reader/writer is determined by detecting an inductive power of a coil of the NFC interface.
4. The data protection method of the smart IC card according to claim 3, wherein the communication interface module further comprises a contact communication interface; in the step 1), when the security module works in a contact state, whether the communication interface is coupled with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer is judged by detecting whether the contact-type communication interface is connected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer.
5. A data protection method of a smart IC card according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) includes the substeps of:
21) the card operating system receives the instruction;
22) the card operating system executes the instructions;
23) judging whether the transaction needs to update data, if so, executing step 24), and if not, directly executing step 25);
24) organizing and caching new data in a memory, and waiting for writing in a solidified storage area; continuing to execute step 25);
25) organizing the returned data;
26) judging whether other instructions exist, if so, returning to the step 21), and if not, executing the step 27);
27) and confirming that the transaction is finished, and uniformly writing all new data in the memory into the solidified storage area at one time.
6. A data protection method of a smart IC card according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) includes the substeps of:
31) detecting whether the communication interface is disconnected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, and starting timing by the main control chip when the communication interface is judged to be disconnected with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer;
32) and when the timing reaches a preset time threshold, the main control chip powers off the safety module.
7. The data protection method of the smart IC card according to claim 1, wherein the main control chip includes a power output port connected to the power input port of the security module, the power output port being capable of outputting a high level that meets the operating voltage requirement of the security module;
in the step 1), when the main control chip does not detect that the communication interface is coupled with the corresponding card reader or reader-writer, the power output port of the main control chip keeps low level; when the main control chip detects that the communication interface is coupled with a corresponding card reader or a reader-writer, the main control chip controls the power output port to output high level, so that the security module is powered on and a card operating system is started.
8. The data protection method of a smart IC card according to claim 7, further comprising: and shielding the starting mode of the card operating system in which the NFC induced voltage triggers the electrification of the security module.
9. The data protection method of the smart IC card according to claim 2, wherein the low power alarm is an alarm by one or more of a screen, vibration, sound, Bluetooth.
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| CN108647154A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 国网山东省电力公司阳谷县供电公司 | A method of carrying out parameter modification in concentrator |
| CN109741050B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 交通银行股份有限公司 | Method for extending the life of a financial IC card and related method and apparatus |
| CN111967281B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2024-06-28 | 深圳市金溢科技股份有限公司 | CPC card and power management method thereof |
| CN112181728B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-07-22 | 山东华翼微电子技术股份有限公司 | High-security CPU smart card chip data power-down prevention processing method |
| CN112904129B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-09-27 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Test equipment and test method for anti-pulling function |
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| CN102135921A (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-07-27 | 无锡盖亚科技有限公司 | Protective circuit, protective method and software realizing method for portable terminal low-power system protection |
| CN102508723A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-06-20 | 山东神思电子技术股份有限公司 | Power-failure protection method orientated to IC (Integrated Circuit) card |
| CN102567146A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-11 | 北京握奇数据***有限公司 | Log backup method and device and smart card |
| CN106093659A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-09 | 工业和信息化部电子工业标准化研究院 | Smart card power-off protection test device, system and method |
| CN106227680A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 成都三零嘉微电子有限公司 | A kind of data process and power fail preventing data guard method |
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