CN107723765A - 长效珍珠镍工艺 - Google Patents

长效珍珠镍工艺 Download PDF

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CN107723765A
CN107723765A CN201710903718.5A CN201710903718A CN107723765A CN 107723765 A CN107723765 A CN 107723765A CN 201710903718 A CN201710903718 A CN 201710903718A CN 107723765 A CN107723765 A CN 107723765A
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nickel
roughening
palladium
automobile decoration
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李建峰
杨建良
冯宇
刘全明
张江海
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JIANGYIN DAODA DECORATIVE PARTS CO Ltd
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JIANGYIN DAODA DECORATIVE PARTS CO Ltd
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    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/22—Roughening, e.g. by etching
    • C23C18/24—Roughening, e.g. by etching using acid aqueous solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
    • C23C18/30—Activating or accelerating or sensitising with palladium or other noble metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种长效珍珠镍工艺，其特征是，包括以下步骤：（1）对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；（2）在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽进行除油；（3）向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入湿润剂；将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化；（4）向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理；（5）将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍；（6）将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；（7）水洗后烘干。本发明能够有效减少药水的更换频次，确保珍珠镍工艺的性能稳定。

Description

长效珍珠镍工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电镀工艺，尤其是一种长效珍珠镍工艺，属于电镀技术领域。
背景技术
随着工业的迅速发展，人们对车辆的装饰性的要求也在不断的提高，塑料电镀的应用日益广泛，成为塑料产品中表面装饰的重要手段之一。人们在汽车饰件上的追求也越来越多样化，其中珍珠镍就是一种比较特殊的工艺，其是一种具有装饰性的镀层，高贵典雅，沙感细腻柔和富强烈金属感，立体感强，不易被指纹污染，高低位一致镀层分布均匀，哑白中微带光泽。
普通珍珠镍工艺每次电镀后都要更换整缸药水，频繁的更换药水会导致珍珠镍工艺的性能不稳定。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种长效珍珠镍工艺，能够有效减少药水的更换频次，确保珍珠镍工艺的性能稳定。
按照本发明提供的技术方案，所述长效珍珠镍工艺，其特征是，包括以下步骤：
（1）前进理：对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；
（2）化学除油：在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水搅拌均匀，除油粉的浓度为20-30g/L，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽中，加温至30-35℃进行除油20-30min；
（3）粗化：向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸的加入量为400-450g/L，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸400-450g/L，硫酸采用少量多次的方式加入，保证粗化槽中溶液温度低于70℃；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入40-50g/L湿润剂；再将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化20-30min；
（4）钯活化：向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，盐酸的浓度为0.3-0.5%，浓钯水的加入量为5-10ml/L，使钯活化槽中溶液的温度保持在20-25℃，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理10-30s；
（5）预镀镍：将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍，预镀液的成份为：250-260g/L硫酸镍、30-50g/L和40-50g/L硫酸，pH值为4-4.4，温度为50-60℃，预镀时间为4-6min；
（6）镀珍珠镍，将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；所述酸洗溶液采用10-20ml/L的硫酸溶液；所述镀珍珠镍的电镀溶液采用：硫酸镍420-540g/L、氯化镍30-50g/L、硼酸35-60g/L、P2载体5-20ml/L和P1分散剂4-8ml/L，调节珍珠镍电镀溶液的pH值为4.0±0.3，温度为50-60℃，电镀时间为4-6min；
（7）水洗后烘干。
进一步的，所述步骤（1）中超声除蜡的条件为：除蜡剂溶液浓度为30-50ml/L，温度为75-85℃ ，超声频率为50-60KHz，超声时间为10-20min。
进一步的，所述步骤（7）中烘干温度为50-60℃，烘干时间为30-60min。
本发明具有以下优点：
（1）本发明所述长效珍珠镍工艺前处理彻底，采用超声除蜡等工序，使最终镀层具有镀层洁白柔和、细致、硬度高、走位好的特点，且不易留下指印；
（2）工艺操作简便，添加剂不易分解，镀层也不易产生黑点和光点；
（3）连续生产延时长久，且生产过程中起砂效果前后均匀一致；
（4）无需做经常性碳粉过滤，省工省料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1：一种长效珍珠镍工艺，包括以下步骤：
（1）前进理：对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；所述超声除蜡的条件为：除蜡剂溶液浓度为30ml/L，温度为75℃ ，超声频率为50KHz，超声时间为20min；
（2）化学除油：在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水搅拌均匀，除油粉的浓度为20g/L，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽中，加温至30℃进行除油30min；
（3）粗化：向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸的加入量为400g/L，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸400g/L，硫酸采用少量多次的方式加入，保证粗化槽中溶液温度低于70℃；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入40g/L湿润剂；再将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化30min；
（4）钯活化：向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，盐酸的浓度为0.3%，浓钯水的加入量为5ml/L，使钯活化槽中溶液的温度保持在20℃，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理30s；
（5）预镀镍：将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍，预镀液的成份为：250g/L硫酸镍、30g/L和40g/L硫酸，pH值为4，温度为50℃，预镀时间为4min；
（6）镀珍珠镍，将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；所述酸洗溶液采用10ml/L的硫酸溶液；所述镀珍珠镍的电镀溶液采用：硫酸镍420g/L、氯化镍30g/L、硼酸35g/L、P2载体5ml/L和P1分散剂4ml/L，调节珍珠镍电镀溶液的pH值为4.0±0.3，温度为50℃，电镀时间为6min；
（7）水洗后烘干；烘干温度为50℃，烘干时间为60min。
实施例2：一种长效珍珠镍工艺，包括以下步骤：
（1）前进理：对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；所述超声除蜡的条件为：除蜡剂溶液浓度为50ml/L，温度为85℃ ，超声频率为60KHz，超声时间为10min；
（2）化学除油：在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水搅拌均匀，除油粉的浓度为30g/L，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽中，加温至35℃进行除油20min；
（3）粗化：向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸的加入量为450g/L，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸450g/L，硫酸采用少量多次的方式加入，保证粗化槽中溶液温度低于70℃；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入50g/L湿润剂；再将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化20min；
（4）钯活化：向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，盐酸的浓度为0.5%，浓钯水的加入量为10ml/L，使钯活化槽中溶液的温度保持在25℃，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理10s；
（5）预镀镍：将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍，预镀液的成份为：260g/L硫酸镍、50g/L和50g/L硫酸，pH值为4.4，温度为60℃，预镀时间为6min；
（6）镀珍珠镍，将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；所述酸洗溶液采用20ml/L的硫酸溶液；所述镀珍珠镍的电镀溶液采用：硫酸镍540g/L、氯化镍50g/L、硼酸60g/L、P2载体20ml/L和P1分散剂8ml/L，调节珍珠镍电镀溶液的pH值为4.0±0.3，温度为60℃，电镀时间为4min；
（7）水洗后烘干；烘干温度为60℃，烘干时间为30min。
实施例3：一种长效珍珠镍工艺，包括以下步骤：
（1）前进理：对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；所述超声除蜡的条件为：除蜡剂溶液浓度为40ml/L，温度为80℃ ，超声频率为55KHz，超声时间为15min；
（2）化学除油：在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水搅拌均匀，除油粉的浓度为25g/L，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽中，加温至30℃进行除油25min；
（3）粗化：向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸的加入量为420g/L，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸420g/L，硫酸采用少量多次的方式加入，保证粗化槽中溶液温度低于70℃；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入45g/L湿润剂；再将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化25min；
（4）钯活化：向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，盐酸的浓度为0.4%，浓钯水的加入量为6ml/L，使钯活化槽中溶液的温度保持在20℃，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理20s；
（5）预镀镍：将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍，预镀液的成份为：255g/L硫酸镍、40g/L和45g/L硫酸，pH值为4.2，温度为55℃，预镀时间为5min；
（6）镀珍珠镍，将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；所述酸洗溶液采用15ml/L的硫酸溶液；所述镀珍珠镍的电镀溶液采用：硫酸镍500g/L、氯化镍40g/L、硼酸50g/L、P2载体10ml/L和P1分散剂6ml/L，调节珍珠镍电镀溶液的pH值为4.0±0.3，温度为55℃，电镀时间为5min；
（7）水洗后烘干；烘干温度为55℃，烘干时间为40min。

Claims (3)

1.一种长效珍珠镍工艺，其特征是，包括以下步骤：
（1）前进理：对汽车装饰工件依次进行超声除蜡、除油、粗化、还原、预浸、活化、解胶和化学镀镍处理；
（2）化学除油：在清洗槽中加入除油粉和水搅拌均匀，除油粉的浓度为20-30g/L，将汽车装饰工件浸入清洗槽中，加温至30-35℃进行除油20-30min；
（3）粗化：向粗化槽中加入纯水和铬酸，铬酸的加入量为400-450g/L，铬酸溶解后加入硫酸400-450g/L，硫酸采用少量多次的方式加入，保证粗化槽中溶液温度低于70℃；硫酸加入完毕后，向粗化槽中加入40-50g/L湿润剂；再将汽车装饰工件浸入粗化槽中进行粗化20-30min；
（4）钯活化：向钯活化槽内注入纯水、盐酸和浓钯水，盐酸的浓度为0.3-0.5%，浓钯水的加入量为5-10ml/L，使钯活化槽中溶液的温度保持在20-25℃，将汽车装饰工件浸入钯活化槽中进行钯活化处理10-30s；
（5）预镀镍：将汽车装饰工件用纯水冲洗后进行预镀镍，预镀液的成份为：250-260g/L硫酸镍、30-50g/L和40-50g/L硫酸，pH值为4-4.4，温度为50-60℃，预镀时间为4-6min；
（6）镀珍珠镍，将预镀镍后的汽车装饰工件先进行酸洗，再进行镀珍珠镍；所述酸洗溶液采用10-20ml/L的硫酸溶液；所述镀珍珠镍的电镀溶液采用：硫酸镍420-540g/L、氯化镍30-50g/L、硼酸35-60g/L、P2载体5-20ml/L和P1分散剂4-8ml/L，调节珍珠镍电镀溶液的pH值为4.0±0.3，温度为50-60℃，电镀时间为4-6min；
（7）水洗后烘干。
2.如权利要求1所述的长效珍珠镍工艺，其特征是：所述步骤（1）中超声除蜡的条件为：除蜡剂溶液浓度为30-50ml/L，温度为75-85℃ ，超声频率为50-60KHz，超声时间为10-20min。
3.如权利要求1所述的长效珍珠镍工艺，其特征是：所述步骤（7）中烘干温度为50-60℃，烘干时间为30-60min。
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