CN107721645B

CN107721645B - Seed, medicine, fertile integration capsule equipment

Info

Publication number: CN107721645B
Application number: CN201711180045.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 禹山林; 梁家常; 王通; 迟晓元; 潘丽娟; 王积军; 陈娜; 王冕; 陈明娜
Original assignee: Shandong Peanut Research Institute
Current assignee: Shandong Peanut Research Institute
Priority date: 2017-11-23
Filing date: 2017-11-23
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-23
Also published as: CN107721645A

Abstract

The invention discloses seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment which comprises a hopper, a suction pipe driving mechanism, a paper tape frame, a V-shaped groove and a paper tape traction mechanism, wherein the hopper comprises three material grooves which are arranged side by side, the three material grooves are respectively used for containing seeds, pesticide particles or chemical fertilizer particles, the hopper is obliquely arranged, the number of the suction pipes is equal to that of the material grooves, the suction pipe is arranged on the front side of the hopper, the V-shaped groove is arranged between the hopper and the suction pipe driving mechanism, the front end of the suction pipe can be driven by the suction pipe driving mechanism to move between the hopper and the V-shaped groove, the tail end of the suction pipe is communicated with an air suction pump, the paper tape frame is arranged on one side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape traction mechanism is arranged on the other side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape frame is used for. The present invention can realize precise single-seed thin sowing and can reduce the dosage of medicine and fertilizer.

Description

Seed, medicine, fertile integration capsule equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding equipment, in particular to seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment.

Background

At present, most hole sowing machines used in agricultural production adopt a disc type sowing method, which takes an external fluted-wheel type seed sowing device and a horizontal disc type seed sowing device as representatives and carries out hole sowing according to a fixed hole distance. However, the disc-type seeder cannot meet the requirements of precision seeding in line spacing and hole spacing, and for crops like peanuts with large seed grain differences in properties and sizes, the phenomena of missing seeding and repeated seeding often occur, and the requirements of precision seeding cannot be met.

The paper tape coating machine for the carrot seeds is similar to the working principle of the invention in the prior agricultural production, the paper tape coating made by the machine adopts a uniform broadcasting mode, can not realize the coating of single seeds, single file and fixed distance, is only suitable for the crops with small seed grains of the carrot, which have no requirements on precise hole distance and line distance, and can not meet the requirements on single seed, precision sowing and thin sowing.

In addition, the current integrated mechanical application mode of pesticide and fertilizer is extensive, mostly adopts a leakage-scattering mode, cannot realize effective utilization of pesticide and fertilizer, easily causes the problem of too much pesticide and fertilizer, not only increases the sowing cost, but also damages the soil structure and pollutes the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment to solve the problems in the prior art, so that the seeds can be sowed accurately and thinly in single grains, and the dosage of the medicine and the fertilizer is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating device which comprises a hopper, straws, a straw driving mechanism, a paper tape frame, a V-shaped groove and a paper tape traction mechanism, wherein the hopper comprises three material grooves which are arranged side by side, the three material grooves are respectively used for containing seeds, pesticide particles or chemical fertilizer particles, the hopper is obliquely arranged, the number of the straws is equal to that of the material grooves, each straw corresponds to one material groove, the straw is arranged at the front side of the hopper, the V-shaped groove is arranged between the hopper and the straw driving mechanism, the front end of each straw can be driven by the straw driving mechanism to move between the hopper and the V-shaped groove, the tail end of each straw is communicated with an air suction pump, the paper tape frame is arranged at one side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape traction mechanism is arranged at the other side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape frame is used for clamping the paper tape reel, and the paper tape traction mechanism is used for drawing the paper tape of the paper tape reel to move at a constant speed and enabling the paper tape to be folded and twisted after being folded into a V shape by the V-shaped groove.

Preferably, be equipped with the baffle in the silo, the lower extreme of baffle with be equipped with the clearance between the bottom surface of silo, the clearance can make the seed chemical fertilizer or the pesticide passes through, and is middle the silo is used for holding the seed, both sides the silo is used for holding respectively the chemical fertilizer granule or the pesticide granule.

Preferably, the front end of straw is equipped with the adsorption disc, the middle part of adsorption disc is equipped with the induction port, the diameter of induction port is less than the seed, the chemical fertilizer granule or the diameter of pesticide granule.

Preferably, the straw driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and a first motor, the first motor is arranged at one end of the sliding rail, the sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail, the first motor is connected with the sliding block through a lead screw transmission mechanism, the sliding block can move on the sliding rail under the driving of the first motor, and the straw is connected with the sliding block through a support.

Preferably, still include the support body, the hopper straw actuating mechanism V type groove with the paper tape frame all sets up on the platform of support body, paper tape drive mechanism sets up the platform downside, be equipped with a paper tape via hole on the platform, paper tape via hole upside is equipped with the paper tape roller that two levels set up, one of them be equipped with the recess on the paper tape roller and rotate by second motor drive, the paper tape is two pass between the paper tape roller, make the height of paper tape is not higher than V type groove.

Preferably, paper tape drive mechanism includes receiving tray, third motor, carousel and carousel actuating mechanism, the third motor with receiving tray transmission is connected, the third motor is buncher, the carousel with the support body rotates to be connected, the third motor with receiving tray all sets up on the carousel, the carousel by carousel actuating mechanism drive rotates.

Preferably, the carousel is driven gear dish, carousel actuating mechanism includes initiative gear dish and fourth motor, initiative gear dish with driven gear dish meshing, the setting of initiative gear dish is in on the output shaft of fourth motor, the fourth motor sets up on the support body.

Preferably, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the tail end of the suction pipe and the air suction pump.

Preferably, the paper tape dispenser further comprises a paper pressing roller, the paper pressing roller is arranged between the paper tape frame and the V-shaped groove, and the height of the paper pressing roller is not higher than that of the V-shaped groove.

Preferably, the paper tape is subjected to drying treatment after being immersed in fertilizer, pesticide and/or nutrient solution in advance.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the paper tape moves at a constant speed, the suction pipe can suck seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides through negative pressure and can reciprocate at a set frequency under the driving of the suction pipe driving mechanism, the seeds are placed on the paper tape at equal intervals, the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides are respectively placed on two sides of the seeds, the paper tape is folded into a V shape by the V-shaped groove under the action of the paper tape traction mechanism, then the paper tape is twisted along with the rotation of the rotary disc, and is wound into a disc shape under the rotation of the material receiving disc while being twisted, so that the seeds, the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides are tightly wrapped, and the seed coating tapes with uniform intervals can be obtained. Then the coating belt of the seeds is ploughed into the field by manpower or special ploughing equipment, thus realizing the purposes of single-seed sowing, thin sowing and fine sowing of the seeds. The seed coating belt is in a rope-shaped disc shape and can bear certain tensile force, so that the seed coating belt is convenient to transport and use and easy to realize mechanical single-seed precision sowing.

The invention can effectively solve the problems of insufficient precision of row spacing and hole spacing, missed seeding and repeated seeding of the existing mechanical seeding, and can effectively reduce the using amount of seeds and pesticides, improve the rate of emergence and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, thereby realizing the purpose of increasing the yield.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the seed, drug and fertilizer integrated coating equipment of the invention;

wherein: 1-hopper, 2-suction pipe, 3-paper tape rack, 4-V-shaped groove, 5-receiving tray, 6-paper tape, 7-trough, 8-baffle, 9-adsorption tray, 10-slide rail, 11-slide block, 12-first motor, 13-platform, 14-paper tape through hole, 15-paper tape roller, 16-paper pressing roller, 17-second motor, 18-third motor, 19-driven gear disc, 20-driving gear disc and 21-fourth motor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1-2: the embodiment provides a seed, medicine, fertile integration capsule equipment, including hopper 1, straw 2, straw actuating mechanism, paper tape holder 3, V type groove 4 and paper tape drive mechanism, hopper 1 includes three silo 7 that set up side by side, and middle silo 7 is used for holding the seed, and the silo 7 of both sides is used for holding chemical fertilizer granule or pesticide granule respectively. Be equipped with baffle 8 in the silo 7, be equipped with the clearance between the lower extreme of baffle 8 and the bottom surface of silo 7, hopper 1 slope sets up, makes seed, chemical fertilizer or pesticide can pass through the clearance under the effect of gravity.

The quantity of straw 2 is equal with silo 7, and every straw 2 corresponds a silo 7 respectively, and straw 2 sets up in 1 front side of hopper, and V type groove 4 sets up between hopper 1 and straw actuating mechanism, and the front end of straw 2 can be moved between hopper 1 and V type groove 4 by the drive of straw actuating mechanism. The front end of the suction pipe 2 is provided with an adsorption disc 9, the middle part of the adsorption disc 9 is provided with an air suction port, and the diameter of the air suction port is respectively smaller than that of the seeds, the fertilizer particles or the pesticide particles. The tail end of the suction pipe 2 is communicated with an air suction pump, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the tail end of the suction pipe 2 and the air suction pump, and the adsorption disc 9 can be controlled to adsorb or put down seeds, pesticide particles and fertilizer particles by controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve.

The paper tape frame 3 is arranged on one side of the V-shaped groove 4, the paper tape traction mechanism is arranged on the other side of the V-shaped groove 4, the paper tape frame 3 is used for clamping the paper tape reel, the paper tape traction mechanism pulls the paper tape 6 of the paper tape reel to move at a constant speed, and the paper tape 6 is folded and twisted after being folded into a V shape by the V-shaped groove 4. The paper tape 6 can also be soaked in fertilizer, pesticide and/or nutrient solution in advance and then dried.

The multifunctional straw-type fertilizer machine is characterized by further comprising a frame body, the hopper 1, the straw driving mechanism, the V-shaped groove 4 and the paper tape frame 3 are arranged on the platform 13 of the frame body, the paper tape traction mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the platform 13, a paper tape through hole 14 is formed in the platform 13, two paper tape rollers 15 horizontally arranged are arranged on the upper side of the paper tape through hole 14, a groove is formed in one paper tape roller 15 and driven to rotate by the second motor 17, the size of the groove can allow seeds, fertilizer particles and pesticide particles to pass through without being damaged, and the rotating speed of the second motor 17 is equal to the speed of uniform motion of the paper tape 6. The paper tape 6 passes between the two paper tape rollers 15, so that the paper tape 6 in front of the paper tape rollers 15 can be prevented from being turned over due to the twisting of the paper tape traction mechanism, and seeds, pesticide particles and fertilizer particles can be prevented from falling. The paper tape bending device further comprises a paper pressing roller 16, wherein the paper pressing roller 16 is arranged between the paper tape frame 3 and the V-shaped groove 4, the height of the paper pressing roller 16 is not higher than that of the V-shaped groove 4, and the height of the paper tape 6 is not higher than that of the V-shaped groove 4, so that the paper tape 6 can be effectively bent by the V-shaped groove 4.

The suction pipe driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail 10, a sliding block 11 and a first motor 12, the first motor 12 is arranged at one end of the sliding rail 10, the sliding block 11 is arranged on the sliding rail 10, the first motor 12 is connected with the sliding block 11 through a lead screw transmission mechanism, the sliding block 11 can move on the sliding rail 10 under the driving of the first motor 12, and the suction pipe 2 is connected with the sliding block 11 through a support.

The paper tape traction mechanism comprises a material receiving disc 5, a third motor 18, a rotary disc and a rotary disc driving mechanism, the third motor 18 is in transmission connection with the material receiving disc 5, and the material receiving disc 5 is preferably of a hollow structure so as to reduce the rotational inertia of the material receiving disc 5. The third motor 18 is a speed regulating motor, so that the rotating speed of the third motor 18 is reduced along with the increase of the diameter of the seed coating belt, the paper belt 6 keeps moving at a constant speed, and the distance between the seeds can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the third motor 18. The turntable is rotationally connected with the frame body, the third motor 18 and the material receiving plate 5 are both arranged on the turntable, and the turntable is driven to rotate by the turntable driving mechanism. The rotary table is preferably a driven gear table 19, the rotary table driving mechanism comprises a driving gear table 20 and a fourth motor 21, the driving gear table 20 is meshed with the driven gear table 19, the driving gear table 20 is arranged on an output shaft of the fourth motor 21, and the fourth motor 21 is arranged on the frame body.

The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the paper tape 6 is drawn by the paper tape drawing mechanism to move at a constant speed, after the adsorption disc 9 moves to the trough 7, the electromagnetic switch valve is opened, so that the adsorption disc 9 can attract seeds, fertilizer particles and pesticide particles by using the negative pressure of the air suction pump, after the adsorption disc 9 moves to the V-shaped groove 4, the electromagnetic switch valve is closed, so that the seeds, the fertilizer particles and the pesticide particles fall to the V-shaped groove 4, and the process is repeated. After the paper tape 6 runs on the V-shaped groove 4, the paper tape 6 is folded into a V shape by the V-shaped groove 4, the paper tape 6 is folded in half and turned over to be in a horizontal state under the action of a paper tape roller 15, then the paper tape 6 is twisted into a rope shape along with the rotation of the rotating disc, so that seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are tightly wrapped in the paper tape, the twisted edge of the paper tape 6 is wound into a disc shape under the rotation of the material receiving disc 5, and the seed coating tape with uniform seed spacing is obtained. Finally, the seed coating belt is ploughed into the field through manpower or special ploughing equipment.

In the embodiment, the mode that the coating belt is manufactured by uniformly putting the seeds on the paper belt 6 in a single-seed mode is adopted, the distance between the seeds is fixed, and the seeds, the medicament and the fertilizer are separated in a proper space, so that the precise seeding target with a fixed hole distance is achieved, and the purposes of no leakage, no repetition, single seed, thin seeding and precise seeding of the seeds can be realized. In addition, the seeds are thrown onto the paper tape 6 in a negative pressure adsorption mode, so that the seed size and shape are not limited. In addition, the present embodiment can also adjust the rotation speed of the third motor 18 according to the requirement, so as to realize different distances between seeds, and meet the requirement of the hole distance during sowing. The rope-shaped coating belt is wound into a disc shape, is regular and compact in shape, is beneficial to large-scale transportation, is easy to realize mechanical seeding, and is more efficient and convenient.

Seed, medicament, fertilizer and external soil are kept apart through paper tape 6 to this embodiment, and because paper tape 6 itself has good water permeability, have guaranteed the quality of seed and the result of use of medicament, fertilizer simultaneously in the at utmost. The coating of the embodiment is made of paper materials, the paper tape 6 can be decomposed by soil, the rope-shaped coating tape can be directly sown, secondary pollution is avoided, and the coating agent cannot be used under the limitation of soil conditions because of being exposed. According to the embodiment, the paper tape 6 is adopted to wrap the pesticide and the fertilizer together with the seeds, the pesticide and the fertilizer which are required by the growth and development of the seeds can be carried in the space of the paper tape 6, the limitation of the traditional coating method on the amount of the carried pesticide and the amount of the fertilizer is overcome, and the pesticide and the fertilizer are concentrated in use, so that the use amount of the pesticide and the fertilizer in a field can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the pesticide and the fertilizer is improved.

It should be noted that: the midline of the paper strap 6 can be folded in advance and then unfolded, and a crease is left at the midline of the paper strap 6, so that the paper strap 6 can be folded accurately. The form of the suction pipe driving mechanism is not limited thereto, and the slider 11 may be driven by a linear motor, an air cylinder, or other linear motion member. The single-seed coating equipment of the embodiment is not only suitable for peanut seeds, but also suitable for single-seed sowing of other crop varieties.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a seed, medicine, fertile integration capsule equipment which characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a hopper, straws, a straw driving mechanism, a paper tape frame, a V-shaped groove and a paper tape traction mechanism, wherein the hopper comprises three material grooves which are arranged side by side, the three material grooves are respectively used for containing seeds, pesticide particles or fertilizer particles, the hopper is obliquely arranged, the number of the straws is equal to that of the material grooves, each straw corresponds to one material groove, the straws are arranged on the front side of the hopper, the V-shaped groove is arranged between the hopper and the straw driving mechanism, the front end of each straw can be driven by the straw driving mechanism to move between the hopper and the V-shaped groove, the tail end of each straw is communicated with an air suction pump, the paper tape frame is arranged on one side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape traction mechanism is arranged on the other side of the V-shaped groove, the paper tape frame is used for clamping the paper tape reel, and the paper tape traction mechanism pulls the paper tape, the paper tape is folded into a V shape by the V-shaped groove and then is folded and twisted; an adsorption disc is arranged at the front end of the suction pipe, an air suction port is arranged in the middle of the adsorption disc, and the diameter of the air suction port is smaller than that of the seeds, the fertilizer particles or the pesticide particles; the straw driving mechanism, V type groove with the paper tape frame all sets up on the platform of support body, paper tape drive mechanism sets up the platform downside, be equipped with a paper tape via hole on the platform, paper tape via hole upside is equipped with the paper tape roller that two levels set up, one of them be equipped with the recess on the paper tape roller and rotate by second motor drive, the paper tape is two pass between the paper tape roller, make the height of paper tape is not higher than V type groove.

2. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the improved fertilizer distributor is characterized in that a baffle is arranged in the trough, a gap is formed between the lower end of the baffle and the bottom surface of the trough, the gap enables the seeds, the fertilizer or the pesticide to pass through, the middle of the gap is used for containing the seeds, the two sides of the gap are respectively used for containing the fertilizer particles or the pesticide particles.

3. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and a first motor, the first motor is arranged at one end of the sliding rail, the sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail, the first motor is connected with the sliding block through a lead screw transmission mechanism, the sliding block can be driven by the first motor to move on the sliding rail, and the straw is connected with the sliding block through a support.

4. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the paper tape traction mechanism comprises a material receiving disc, a third motor, a rotary disc and a rotary disc driving mechanism, the third motor is in transmission connection with the material receiving disc, the third motor is a speed regulating motor, the rotary disc is in rotation connection with the frame body, the third motor and the material receiving disc are arranged on the rotary disc, and the rotary disc is driven to rotate by the rotary disc driving mechanism.

5. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the carousel is driven gear dish, carousel actuating mechanism includes initiative gear dish and fourth motor, the initiative gear dish with driven gear dish meshing, the setting of initiative gear dish is in on the output shaft of fourth motor, the fourth motor sets up on the support body.

6. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the tail end of the suction pipe and the air suction pump.

7. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the paper tape pressing device is characterized by further comprising a paper pressing roller, the paper pressing roller is arranged between the paper tape frame and the V-shaped groove, and the height of the paper pressing roller is not higher than that of the V-shaped groove.

8. The seed, medicine and fertilizer integrated coating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the paper tape is soaked in a fertilizer, a pesticide and/or a nutrient solution in advance and then is dried.