CN107712455A - A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to feed processing technology field, discloses a kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, is made up of following raw material：Corn flour, wheat-middlings, the black soya bean dregs of rice, blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef, fruit vegetable powder, additive, Bacillus natto, lactic acid bacteria；Abundant raw material, nutrition is balanced, promotes snakeheaded fish prelarva to digest and assimilate, larvae survival rate is reached 91.6%, feedstuff-meat ratio 1.21, hence it is evident that to improve the breeding efficiency of snakeheaded fish；Bacillus natto is accessed into feed, natto fermentation is carried out to wet feed, produces abundant enzyme material, promotes prelarva to digest and assimilate, improves the metabolism of prelarva, accelerate to grow；Blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef and fruit vegetable powder are added after natto fermentation, access lactic acid bacteria and carry out cold fermentation, reduce raw material pH, beneficial to the gastrointestinal function of prelarva, produce substantial amounts of small molecule nutrition and flavor component, promotion is digested and assimilated, and strengthens each organ dysfunction of prelarva, improves larvae survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to feed processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate.
Background technology
Snakeheaded fish alias snakehead fish, snakeheaded fish, snakeheaded fish, black rod, snakehead, fine and tender taste is delicious in taste, high protein, low fat, tool
There are stasis eliminatings life new, nourishing maintenance, invigorating spleen for diuresis, myogenic to enrich blood, the healthcare function of healing acceleration wound, can also treat oedema, wet
The diseases such as numbness, tinea pedis, hemorrhoid, mange, the dressed fish of snakeheaded fish is high, and without spinelet between flesh, is one of fish products suitable for people of all ages, is China
" delicacies in disk " of people；In the breeding process of traditional snakeheaded fish, the snakeheaded fish larvae survival rate highest just hatched only 50 ~ 60%, typically
It is even lower, hence it is evident that to improve the aquaculture cost of snakeheaded fish for 20 ~ 30%；One disclosed in the existing A of patent document CN 105394445
Kind snakehead fish larval diet, adds a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, can reduce the palatability of feed, influence snakeheaded fish and eat, while obtain black
Fish protein content is relatively low, influences the meat and mouthfeel of snakeheaded fish.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to make up prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of prelarva feeding for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate
Material.
A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Corn flour 25 ~ 27, wheat-middlings
22 ~ 24, the black soya bean dregs of rice 16 ~ 18, blood meal 13 ~ 15, fish meal 14 ~ 16, shrimp med 14 ~ 16, chicken meal 8 ~ 10, powdered beef 8 ~ 10, fruit vegetable powder 5
~ 7, additive 2.6 ~ 2.8, Bacillus natto 3 ~ 4, lactic acid bacteria 3 ~ 4.
Described corn flour, it is expanded corn powder.
Described fruit vegetable powder, the powder prepared for fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, described fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, it is pomelo peel, dragon fruit
One or more of any combination in skin, pulp of a pumpkin, Chinese waxgourd pulp, treaster, asparagus lettuce leaf.
Described additive, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：The more ore deposits 13 ~ 15 of animal multidimensional 17 ~ 19, animal, bright ammonia
Acid 9 ~ 11, tyrosine 7 ~ 9, tryptophan 6 ~ 8, valine 5 ~ 7, isoleucine 5 ~ 7, alanine 4 ~ 6, Cortex Mori extract 8 ~ 10,
Rue extract 8 ~ 10, lycopene 2 ~ 3.
Described Cortex Mori extract, paper mulberry bark is crushed, and is added the water of 50 ~ 60 times of amounts of paper mulberry bark weight, is decocted to body
Product is original 1/10, filtering, and the alcohol that the volume fraction that 40 ~ 50 times of amounts of filter residue weight are added into filter residue is 81 ~ 83% is molten
Liquid, backflow extraction, merges all filtrates, dries, obtains Cortex Mori extract.
Described rue extract, rue is crushed, and adds the water of 40 ~ 50 times of amounts of rue weight, and it is original to decoct to volume
1/10 come, filtering, then add water into filter residue, repeat to decoct 2 ~ 3 times, filtering, merge and dry, obtain rue extract.
A kind of preparation method for the fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Corn flour, wheat-middlings and the black soya bean dregs of rice are well mixed, meet the primary demand of larvae growth, are crushed to 40 ~ 60 mesh, are adjusted
Section to water content is 31 ~ 33%, obtains wet feed；
（2）Bacillus natto is accessed in wet feed, is well mixed, is fermented 45 ~ 50 hours in 33 ~ 35 DEG C, produces abundant enzyme material,
Promote prelarva to digest and assimilate, improve the metabolism of prelarva, accelerate to grow, obtain natto fermentation material；
（3）Blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef and fruit vegetable powder are added into natto fermentation material, access lactic acid bacteria, mixing is equal
It is even, fermented 50 ~ 60 hours in 36 ~ 38 DEG C, reduce raw material pH, beneficial to the gastrointestinal function of prelarva, produce substantial amounts of small molecule nutrition
And flavor component, promote to digest and assimilate, strengthen each organ dysfunction of prelarva, improve larvae survival rate, obtain lactobacillus-fermented material；
（4）Additive is added in lactobacillus-fermented material, the small molecule nutritional ingredient of balanced feed, stirred, is granulated, makes grain
Footpath is 0.3 ~ 0.5mm, must improve the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate；
（5）Packaging, examine, obtain finished product.
The feeding method of the snakehead feed for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, daily feeding 4 ~ 5 times, each feeding amount is snakeheaded fish
Snakeheaded fish is edible at 30 ~ 40 minutes to be finished.
It is an advantage of the invention that：The fish larval diet provided by the invention for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, abundant raw material, nutrition are equal
Weighing apparatus, promote snakeheaded fish prelarva to digest and assimilate, larvae survival rate is reached 91.6%, feedstuff-meat ratio 1.21, hence it is evident that improve supporting for snakeheaded fish
Grow efficiency；Corn flour, wheat-middlings and the black soya bean dregs of rice are added into feed, and add water damping, meet the primary demand of larvae growth；To wet
Bacillus natto is accessed in material, natto fermentation is carried out to wet feed, produces abundant enzyme material, promotes prelarva to digest and assimilate, is improved young
The metabolism of fish, accelerate to grow；Blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef and fruit vegetable powder are added after natto fermentation,
Access lactic acid bacteria and carry out cold fermentation, reduce raw material pH, beneficial to the gastrointestinal function of prelarva, produce substantial amounts of small molecule nutrition and perfume (or spice)
Taste composition, promote to digest and assimilate, strengthen each organ dysfunction of prelarva, improve larvae survival rate；Additive is added after lactobacillus-fermented,
The small molecule nutritional ingredient of balanced feed, the addition of vitamin and mineral can promote association of the snakeheaded fish to nutritional ingredient in feed
Adjust and absorb, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, several amino acids can promote snakeheaded fish to absorb, increase the protein content of snakeheaded fish, meat is compacted
Delicacy, the addition of Cortex Mori extract, rue extract and lycopene can strengthen the resistance against diseases of snakeheaded fish prelarva, promote new
Old metabolism, accelerate larvae growth, improve larvae survival rate.
Embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Corn flour 25, wheat-middlings 22, black soya bean
The dregs of rice 16, blood meal 13, fish meal 14, shrimp med 14, chicken meal 8, powdered beef 8, fruit vegetable powder 5, additive 2.6, Bacillus natto 3, lactic acid bacteria 3.
Described corn flour, it is expanded corn powder.
Described fruit vegetable powder, the powder prepared for fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, described fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, it is pomelo peel, dragon fruit
One or more of any combination in skin, pulp of a pumpkin, Chinese waxgourd pulp, treaster, asparagus lettuce leaf.
Described additive, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：The more ore deposits 13 of animal multidimensional 17, animal, leucine 9, junket
Propylhomoserin 7, tryptophan 6, valine 5, isoleucine 5, alanine 4, Cortex Mori extract 8, rue extract 8, lycopene 2.
Described Cortex Mori extract, paper mulberry bark is crushed, and adds the water of 50 times of amounts of paper mulberry bark weight, is decocted to volume and is
Originally 1/10, filtering, the volume fraction that 40 times of amounts of filter residue weight are added into filter residue is 81% alcoholic solution, and flow back extraction,
Merge all filtrates, dry, obtain Cortex Mori extract.
Described rue extract, rue is crushed, and adds the water of 40 times of amounts of rue weight, and it is original to decoct to volume
1/10, filtering, then add water into filter residue, repeat to decoct 2 times, filtering, merge and dry, obtain rue extract.
A kind of preparation method for the fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Corn flour, wheat-middlings and the black soya bean dregs of rice are well mixed, meet the primary demand of larvae growth, are crushed to 40 ~ 60 mesh, are adjusted
Section to water content is 31 ~ 33%, obtains wet feed；
（2）Bacillus natto is accessed in wet feed, is well mixed, is fermented 45 ~ 50 hours in 33 ~ 35 DEG C, produces abundant enzyme material,
Promote prelarva to digest and assimilate, improve the metabolism of prelarva, accelerate to grow, obtain natto fermentation material；
（3）Blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef and fruit vegetable powder are added into natto fermentation material, access lactic acid bacteria, mixing is equal
It is even, fermented 50 ~ 60 hours in 36 ~ 38 DEG C, reduce raw material pH, beneficial to the gastrointestinal function of prelarva, produce substantial amounts of small molecule nutrition
And flavor component, promote to digest and assimilate, strengthen each organ dysfunction of prelarva, improve larvae survival rate, obtain lactobacillus-fermented material；
（4）Additive is added in lactobacillus-fermented material, the small molecule nutritional ingredient of balanced feed, stirred, is granulated, makes grain
Footpath is 0.3 ~ 0.5mm, must improve the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate；
（5）Packaging, examine, obtain finished product.
The feeding method of the snakehead feed for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, daily feeding 4 ~ 5 times, each feeding amount is snakeheaded fish
Snakeheaded fish is edible at 30 ~ 40 minutes to be finished.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Corn flour 26, wheat-middlings 23, black soya bean
The dregs of rice 17, blood meal 14, fish meal 15, shrimp med 15, chicken meal 9, powdered beef 9, fruit vegetable powder 6, additive 2.7, Bacillus natto 3.5, lactic acid bacteria
3.5。
Described corn flour, it is expanded corn powder.
Described fruit vegetable powder, the powder prepared for fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, described fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, it is pomelo peel, dragon fruit
One or more of any combination in skin, pulp of a pumpkin, Chinese waxgourd pulp, treaster, asparagus lettuce leaf.
Described additive, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：The more ore deposits 14 of animal multidimensional 18, animal, leucine 10, junket
Propylhomoserin 8, tryptophan 7, valine 6, isoleucine 6, alanine 5, Cortex Mori extract 9, rue extract 9, lycopene
2.5。
Described Cortex Mori extract, paper mulberry bark is crushed, and adds the water of 55 times of amounts of paper mulberry bark weight, is decocted to volume and is
Originally 1/10, filtering, the volume fraction that 45 times of amounts of filter residue weight are added into filter residue is 82% alcoholic solution, and flow back extraction,
Merge all filtrates, dry, obtain Cortex Mori extract.
Described rue extract, rue is crushed, and adds the water of 45 times of amounts of rue weight, and it is original to decoct to volume
1/10, filtering, then add water into filter residue, repeat to decoct 2 times, filtering, merge and dry, obtain rue extract.
Prepare and feeding method is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Corn flour 27, wheat-middlings 24, black soya bean
The dregs of rice 18, blood meal 15, fish meal 16, shrimp med 16, chicken meal 10, powdered beef 10, fruit vegetable powder 7, additive 2.8, Bacillus natto 4, lactic acid bacteria
4。
Described corn flour, it is expanded corn powder.
Described fruit vegetable powder, the powder prepared for fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, described fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, it is pomelo peel, dragon fruit
One or more of any combination in skin, pulp of a pumpkin, Chinese waxgourd pulp, treaster, asparagus lettuce leaf.
Described additive, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：The more ore deposits 15 of animal multidimensional 19, animal, leucine 11, junket
Propylhomoserin 9, tryptophan 8, valine 7, isoleucine 7, alanine 6, Cortex Mori extract 10, rue extract 10, lycopene
3。
Described Cortex Mori extract, paper mulberry bark is crushed, and adds the water of 60 times of amounts of paper mulberry bark weight, is decocted to volume and is
Originally 1/10, filtering, the volume fraction that 50 times of amounts of filter residue weight are added into filter residue is 83% alcoholic solution, and flow back extraction,
Merge all filtrates, dry, obtain Cortex Mori extract.
Described rue extract, rue is crushed, and adds the water of 50 times of amounts of rue weight, and it is original to decoct to volume
1/10, filtering, then add water into filter residue, repeat to decoct 3 times, filtering, merge and dry, obtain rue extract.
Prepare and feeding method is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The black soya bean dregs of rice are changed to soyabean expeller, and remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Fruit vegetable powder is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Bacillus natto is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
Lactic acid bacteria is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5
The animal multidimensional in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
The more ore deposits of animal in additive are removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 7
The leucine in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 8
The tryptophan in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 9
The alanine in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 10
The Cortex Mori extract in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 11
The rue extract in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 12
The lycopene in additive is removed, remaining is prepared and feeding method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 13
A kind of snakehead fish larval diet disclosed in the existing A of patent document CN 105394445.
The culture efficiency of embodiment and comparative example snakeheaded fish fish larval diet：
In Anhui Province Anqing, 16000 tail snakeheaded fish prelarvas are randomly choosed, 16 groups is randomly divided into, every group of 1000 tails, respectively implements
Example group and comparative example group, feed test feed 4 times, take to be satiated with food feeding daily, feed every time to no longer actively ingesting, 1 hour
After pull residual feed out and dry and weigh, the tested time is 30 days, and snakeheaded fish larvae survival rate, feedstuff-meat ratio are calculated after tested end,
And black group of prelarva is dissected, detect crude protein and crude fat content, the cultivation of embodiment and comparative example snakeheaded fish fish larval diet
Effect is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The culture efficiency of embodiment and comparative example snakeheaded fish fish larval diet
| Project | Survival rate/(%) | Feedstuff-meat ratio | Crude protein/(%) | Crude fat/(%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 90.5 | 1.22 | 86.6 | 8.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 91.6 | 1.21 | 86.8 | 8.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 91.1 | 1.22 | 86.5 | 8.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 88.2 | 1.22 | 85.7 | 9.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 88.7 | 1.23 | 85.9 | 9.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 85.5 | 1.24 | 85.2 | 9.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 85.3 | 1.24 | 85.5 | 9.1 |
| Comparative example 5 | 86.6 | 1.23 | 86.4 | 9.0 |
| Comparative example 6 | 86.9 | 1.22 | 86.1 | 9.2 |
| Comparative example 7 | 86.3 | 1.23 | 85.3 | 9.2 |
| Comparative example 8 | 86.1 | 1.22 | 85.5 | 9.1 |
| Comparative example 9 | 86.5 | 1.24 | 85.2 | 9.3 |
| Comparative example 10 | 84.6 | 1.22 | 86.4 | 8.9 |
| Comparative example 11 | 84.8 | 1.23 | 86.2 | 9.0 |
| Comparative example 12 | 85.1 | 1.23 | 85.9 | 9.2 |
| Comparative example 13 | 83.6 | 1.24 | 84.9 | 9.5 |
The result of table 1 can be seen that the fish larval diet of the raising snakeheaded fish survival rate of embodiment, the survival rate of snakeheaded fish prelarva substantially compared with
Comparative example is high, and feedstuff-meat ratio is substantially small compared with comparative example, and the utilization rate of feed is high, and the content of crude protein is high compared with comparative example, and crude fat contains
Amount is low compared with comparative example, meat is compacted delicacy, illustrates that the fish larval diet of the raising snakeheaded fish survival rate of the present invention can be good at supporting
Grow effect.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Corn flour 25
~ 27, wheat-middlings 22 ~ 24, the black soya bean dregs of rice 16 ~ 18, blood meal 13 ~ 15, fish meal 14 ~ 16, shrimp med 14 ~ 16, chicken meal 8 ~ 10, powdered beef 8 ~
10th, fruit vegetable powder 5 ~ 7, additive 2.6 ~ 2.8, Bacillus natto 3 ~ 4, lactic acid bacteria 3 ~ 4.
2. the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate is improved according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described corn flour, be swollen
Change corn flour.
3. the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate is improved according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fruit vegetable powder, be fruit
Powder prepared by vegetable leftover bits and pieces, described fruits and vegetables leftover bits and pieces, it is pomelo peel, pitaya peel, pulp of a pumpkin, Chinese waxgourd pulp, treaster, lettuce
One or more of any combination in bamboo shoot leaf.
4. according to claim 1 improve snakeheaded fish survival rate fish larval diet, it is characterised in that described additive, by with
The raw material of lower parts by weight is made：The more ore deposits 13 ~ 15 of animal multidimensional 17 ~ 19, animal, leucine 9 ~ 11, tyrosine 7 ~ 9, tryptophan 6 ~
8th, valine 5 ~ 7, isoleucine 5 ~ 7, alanine 4 ~ 6, Cortex Mori extract 8 ~ 10, rue extract 8 ~ 10, lycopene 2 ~
3。
5. the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate is improved according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described paper mulberry bark extraction
Thing, paper mulberry bark is crushed, add the water of 50 ~ 60 times of amounts of paper mulberry bark weight, it is original 1/10 to decoct to volume, filtering, to filter
The volume fraction that 40 ~ 50 times of amounts of filter residue weight are added in slag is 81 ~ 83% alcoholic solution, backflow extraction, merges all filtrates,
Drying, obtains Cortex Mori extract.
6. the fish larval diet of snakeheaded fish survival rate is improved according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described rue extract,
Rue is crushed, the water of addition rue 40 ~ 50 times of amounts of weight, it is original 1/10 to decoct to volume, filtering, then is added into filter residue
Water, repeat to decoct 2 ~ 3 times, filtering, merge drying, obtain rue extract.
A kind of 7. preparation method for the fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
（1）Corn flour, wheat-middlings and the black soya bean dregs of rice are well mixed, are crushed to 40 ~ 60 mesh, it is 31 ~ 33% to adjust to water content, is obtained wet
Material；
（2）Bacillus natto is accessed in wet feed, is well mixed, is fermented 45 ~ 50 hours in 33 ~ 35 DEG C, obtains natto fermentation material；
（3）Blood meal, fish meal, shrimp med, chicken meal, powdered beef and fruit vegetable powder are added into natto fermentation material, access lactic acid bacteria, mixing is equal
It is even, fermented 50 ~ 60 hours in 36 ~ 38 DEG C, obtain lactobacillus-fermented material；
（4）Additive is added in lactobacillus-fermented material, stirred, is granulated, it is 0.3 ~ 0.5mm to make particle diameter, must improve snakeheaded fish
The fish larval diet of survival rate；
（5）Packaging, examine, obtain finished product.
A kind of 8. feeding method of any one of claim 1 ~ 7 fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate, it is characterised in that
Feeding 4 ~ 5 times daily, each feeding amount, which is that snakeheaded fish snakeheaded fish is edible at 30 ~ 40 minutes, to be finished.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711001522.3A CN107712455A (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate |
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| CN201711001522.3A CN107712455A (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | A kind of fish larval diet for improving snakeheaded fish survival rate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112568337A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Soft pellet feed for Bostrichthys sinensis and production process thereof |
| CN114208979A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 江西省水产科学研究所(江西省鄱阳湖渔业研究中心、江西省渔业资源生态环境监测中心) | Feed for yolk generation period of carassius auratus in Pengze and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-10-24 CN CN201711001522.3A patent/CN107712455A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112568337A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Soft pellet feed for Bostrichthys sinensis and production process thereof |
| CN114208979A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 江西省水产科学研究所(江西省鄱阳湖渔业研究中心、江西省渔业资源生态环境监测中心) | Feed for yolk generation period of carassius auratus in Pengze and preparation method thereof |
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