CN107711648A - A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN107711648A CN107711648A CN201711175397.8A CN201711175397A CN107711648A CN 107711648 A CN107711648 A CN 107711648A CN 201711175397 A CN201711175397 A CN 201711175397A CN 107711648 A CN107711648 A CN 107711648A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to fresh water prawn culturing technical field, disclose a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, pass through the improvement and the planning of way to manage to breeding environment, the cultivating pool of establishment disclosure satisfy that the needs in prawn each stage, the control of water quality and the regulation of temperature make the breeding environment of prawn adaptation fresh water, in each stage of cultivation, add the raw body function of appropriate traditional Chinese medicine ingredients conditioning prawn, it is set to change shell, breeding, development each stage can be fabulous adaptation environment, improve the absorption rate to feed, so that prawn build increase 24 28%, protein content improves 30 40%, significantly improve the yield and quality of prawn.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultural technique field of fresh water prawn, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn.
Background technology
Prawn, scientific name oriental prawn, also known as Chinese prawn, spot section shrimp.Arthropoda, hapalonychia guiding principle, Decapoda, prawn
Section, Penaeus.Penaeus individual is big, is generally called prawn.General 16 ~ 22 centimetres of the female growing individual body length of prawn, weighs about 50 ~ 80
Gram, maximum is reachable 30 centimetres, weighs 250 grams;Male is smaller, and body grows 13 ~ 18 centimetres, weighs 30 ~ 50 grams.Prawn is wide warm eurysalinity
Aquatic/marine animals.Mang oxen island prawn body is in long tubular, and left and right is flat-sided, and body is divided into head, chest and belly, is made up of 20 body segments.Abdomen
Portion head, muscular, merogenesis is obvious.The rear portion of prawn body is belly, more elongated, is made up of 7 sections, merogenesis is apparent.Preceding 5
Section is shorter, and Section six is most long.Belly attenuates section by section from front to back, and amount later section is very thin, and end is very sharp, referred to as periproct.Anus
A harder crust, preceding a piece of trailing edge are coated with positioned at the back side of each body segment of base portion bellies of the periproct outside of belly and both sides
Be overlying on it is rear it is a piece of on, the crust of connecting place is thin pliable, fore-aft fold, in order to the activity of body segment.
Prawn is nutritious, and its meat is soft, easy to digest, is fabulous to people that is in poor health and needing to raise after being ill
Food, there is important adjustment effect to cardiomotility, cardiovascular system can be protected well containing abundant magnesium, magnesium in prawn
System, it can reduce blood cholesterol level, prevent artery sclerosis, at the same can also coronary artery dilator, be advantageous to prevent high blood
Pressure and myocardial infarction.
Growing with fishery, the prawn yield in seawater can not meet the needs of people, freshwater aquiculture
Prawn profit is huge, but with environment pollution and way to manage it is improper, cause the obtained prawn of cultivation in build and
The raw prawn in sea is all much worse than in terms of nutrition.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the problem of existing, there is provided a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, by cultivation
The improvement of environment and the planning of way to manage, prawn is adapted to the breeding environment of fresh water, improve the yield and quality of prawn.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, comprises the following steps：
（1）The running water source for being at the foot of the hill used as farming site, nearby there is flowing of surrounding dense vegetation is selected, builds layering culturing pool
The pool, totally 3 layers, per 50-60 centimetres of floor height, bottom one layer is used as prawn breeding hatching house, intermediate layer and changes shell phase culturing chamber,
Topmost a floor is as fast-growth room, every layer of installation thermoregulator, and shading shed is built topmost, and per aspect, product is
150-180 square metres；
（2）The running water introduced into every layer of cultivating pool after purification, the pond bottom a layer thickness that tiles is 3-4 centimetres of fine sand,
And pasture and water are planted, pasture and water species keeps unicity, and pasture and water coverage rate is respectively 70-80%, 65-75%, 50- since the bottom
55%, adjustment water temperature is in 18-25 DEG C of scope, and the molten amount of oxygen is in 5.2-5.6 mg/litre scopes, and calcium ion content is in 0.65-
0.75 mg/litre scope, pH value is in 7.3-7.6 scopes, ammonia-nitrogen content up to 0.12-0.14 mg/litres scope；
（3）Before and after feed is fed, sprinkled using the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of preparation and be dissipated to the water surface, dosage is 15-18 grams/cubic metre, should
Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is made up of following component in parts by weight：It is radix glycyrrhizae 17-19 parts, dandelion 15-17 parts, balloonflower root 13-15 parts, thin
Lotus 11-12 parts, lily 8-10 parts, root of herbaceous peony 6-7 parts, hawthorn 5-8 parts, chrysanthemum indicum 4-7 parts, honeysuckle 3-5 parts, in prawn breeding period
Between into feed addition promote gonad development Chinese medicine, addition be feed relative 0.12-0.15%.
Further described as to such scheme, step（2）The pasture and water are black algae, hornwort, Mo Sizhong one kind.
Further described as to such scheme, step（3）The preparation method of the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is：Will be described heavy
The Chinese herbal medicine of amount part is ground into the pulvis of 60-80 mesh, is wrapped up, is embedded in the crude salt of heating using double gauze, maintains heated temperature
Degree takes out in 80-90 DEG C of scope, 5-6 after hour, is blended into 100 DEG C of boiling water, and boiling water volume is 300-330 times of bolus volume,
Persistently stir 30-40 minutes, cooling can be used.
Further described as to such scheme, the Chinese medicine for promoting gonad development is in parts by weight by following component
It is made：Motherwort 15-16 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 12-13 parts, longan 10-11 parts, pawpaw 7.5-7.8 parts, matrimony vine 6.5-7.0 parts, rhizome of chuanxiong
5.8-6.0 parts, bark of eucommia 5.3-5.5 parts, Moschus 2.7-3.0 parts.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：In order to solve the problems, such as that existing freshwater aquiculture prawn is poor quality, this
Invention provides a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, by the improvement and the planning of way to manage to breeding environment, creates
Cultivating pool disclosure satisfy that the needs in prawn each stage, the control of water quality and the regulation of temperature make prawn adapt to supporting for fresh water
Environment is grown, in each stage of cultivation, the raw body function of appropriate traditional Chinese medicine ingredients conditioning prawn is added, it is being changed shell, breed,
Development each stage can be fabulous adaptation environment, improve the absorption rate to feed so that prawn build increase 24-
28%, protein content improves 30-40%, significantly improves the yield and quality of prawn.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, comprises the following steps：
（1）The running water source for being at the foot of the hill used as farming site, nearby there is flowing of surrounding dense vegetation is selected, builds layering culturing pool
The pool, totally 3 layers, per 50 centimetres of floor height, bottom one layer is used as prawn breeding hatching house, intermediate layer and changes shell phase culturing chamber, most
A floor is as fast-growth room, every layer of installation thermoregulator above, and shading shed is built topmost, and per aspect, product is 150
Square metre；
（2）The running water introduced into every layer of cultivating pool after purification, the pond bottom a layer thickness that tiles is 3 centimetres of fine sand, and
Pasture and water are planted, pasture and water species keeps unicity, and pasture and water coverage rate is respectively 70%, 65%, 50% since the bottom, adjusts water body
Temperature is in 18-25 DEG C of scope, and the molten amount of oxygen is in 5.2-5.6 mg/litre scopes, and calcium ion content is in 0.65-0.75 mg/litre models
Enclose, pH value is in 7.3-7.6 scopes, ammonia-nitrogen content up to 0.12-0.14 mg/litres scope；
（3）Before and after feed is fed, sprinkled using the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of preparation and be dissipated to the water surface, dosage is 15 grams/cubic metre, the medium-height grass
Medicine preparation is made up of following component in parts by weight：17 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 15 parts of dandelion, 13 parts of balloonflower root, 11 parts of peppermint, lily 8
Part, 6 parts of the root of herbaceous peony, 5 parts of hawthorn, 4 parts of chrysanthemum indicum, 3 parts of honeysuckle, into feed, addition promotees gonad development during prawn breeds
Chinese medicine, addition are the 0.12% of feed relative.
Further described as to such scheme, step（2）The pasture and water are black algae, hornwort, Mo Sizhong one kind.
Further described as to such scheme, step（3）The preparation method of the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is：Will be described heavy
The Chinese herbal medicine of amount part is ground into the pulvis of 60 mesh, is wrapped up, is embedded in the crude salt of heating using double gauze, maintains heating temperature to exist
80-90 DEG C of scope, taken out after 5 hours, be blended into 100 DEG C of boiling water, boiling water volume is 300 times of bolus volume, persistently stirs 30
Minute, cooling can be used.
Further described as to such scheme, the Chinese medicine for promoting gonad development is in parts by weight by following component
It is made：15 parts of motherwort, 12 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 10 parts of longan, 7.5 parts of pawpaw, 6.5 parts of matrimony vine, 5.8 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 5.3 parts of the bark of eucommia, musk deer
It is fragrant 2.7 parts.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, comprises the following steps：
（1）The running water source for being at the foot of the hill used as farming site, nearby there is flowing of surrounding dense vegetation is selected, builds layering culturing pool
The pool, totally 3 layers, per 55 centimetres of floor height, bottom one layer is used as prawn breeding hatching house, intermediate layer and changes shell phase culturing chamber, most
A floor is as fast-growth room, every layer of installation thermoregulator above, and shading shed is built topmost, and per aspect, product is 160
Square metre；
（2）The running water introduced into every layer of cultivating pool after purification, the pond bottom a layer thickness that tiles is 3.5 centimetres of fine sand,
And pasture and water are planted, pasture and water species keeps unicity, and pasture and water coverage rate is respectively 75%, 70%, 53% since the bottom, adjusts water
Temperature is in 18-25 DEG C of scope, and the molten amount of oxygen is in 5.2-5.6 mg/litre scopes, and calcium ion content is in 0.65-0.75 mg/litres
Scope, pH value is in 7.3-7.6 scopes, ammonia-nitrogen content up to 0.12-0.14 mg/litres scope；
（3）Before and after feed is fed, sprinkled using the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of preparation and be dissipated to the water surface, dosage is 16 grams/cubic metre, the medium-height grass
Medicine preparation is made up of following component in parts by weight：18 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 16 parts of dandelion, 14 parts of balloonflower root, 11.5 parts of peppermint, lily
9 parts, 6.5 parts of the root of herbaceous peony, 6 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of chrysanthemum indicum, 4 parts of honeysuckle, prawn breed during into feed addition promote sexual gland hair
The Chinese medicine educated, addition are the 0.13% of feed relative.
Further described as to such scheme, step（2）The pasture and water are black algae, hornwort, Mo Sizhong one kind.
Further described as to such scheme, step（3）The preparation method of the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is：Will be described heavy
The Chinese herbal medicine of amount part is ground into the pulvis of 70 mesh, is wrapped up, is embedded in the crude salt of heating using double gauze, maintains heating temperature to exist
80-90 DEG C of scope, taken out after 5.5 hours, be blended into 100 DEG C of boiling water, boiling water volume is 310 times of bolus volume, lasting stirring
35 minutes, cooling can be used.
Further described as to such scheme, the Chinese medicine for promoting gonad development is in parts by weight by following component
It is made：15.5 parts of motherwort, 12.5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 10.5 parts of longan, 7.6 parts of pawpaw, 6.8 parts of matrimony vine, 5.9 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, the bark of eucommia 5.4
Part, 2.8 parts of Moschus.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, comprises the following steps：
（1）The running water source for being at the foot of the hill used as farming site, nearby there is flowing of surrounding dense vegetation is selected, builds layering culturing pool
The pool, totally 3 layers, per 60 centimetres of floor height, bottom one layer is used as prawn breeding hatching house, intermediate layer and changes shell phase culturing chamber, most
A floor is as fast-growth room, every layer of installation thermoregulator above, and shading shed is built topmost, and per aspect, product is 180
Square metre；
（2）The running water introduced into every layer of cultivating pool after purification, the pond bottom a layer thickness that tiles is 4 centimetres of fine sand, and
Pasture and water are planted, pasture and water species keeps unicity, and pasture and water coverage rate is respectively 80%, 75%, 55% since the bottom, adjusts water body
Temperature is in 18-25 DEG C of scope, and the molten amount of oxygen is in 5.2-5.6 mg/litre scopes, and calcium ion content is in 0.65-0.75 mg/litre models
Enclose, pH value is in 7.3-7.6 scopes, ammonia-nitrogen content up to 0.12-0.14 mg/litres scope；
（3）Before and after feed is fed, sprinkled using the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of preparation and be dissipated to the water surface, dosage is 18 grams/cubic metre, the medium-height grass
Medicine preparation is made up of following component in parts by weight：19 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 17 parts of dandelion, 15 parts of balloonflower root, 12 parts of peppermint, lily 10
Part, 7 parts of the root of herbaceous peony, 8 parts of hawthorn, 7 parts of chrysanthemum indicum, 5 parts of honeysuckle, into feed, addition promotees gonad development during prawn breeds
Chinese medicine, addition are the 0.15% of feed relative.
Further described as to such scheme, step（2）The pasture and water are black algae, hornwort, Mo Sizhong one kind.
Further described as to such scheme, step（3）The preparation method of the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is：Will be described heavy
The Chinese herbal medicine of amount part is ground into the pulvis of 80 mesh, is wrapped up, is embedded in the crude salt of heating using double gauze, maintains heating temperature to exist
80-90 DEG C of scope, taken out after 6 hours, be blended into 100 DEG C of boiling water, boiling water volume is 330 times of bolus volume, persistently stirs 40
Minute, cooling can be used.
Further described as to such scheme, the Chinese medicine for promoting gonad development is in parts by weight by following component
It is made：16 parts of motherwort, 13 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 11 parts of longan, 7.8 parts of pawpaw, 7.0 parts of matrimony vine, 6.0 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 5.5 parts of the bark of eucommia, musk deer
It is fragrant 3.0 parts.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The running water source for being at the foot of the hill used as farming site, nearby there is flowing of surrounding dense vegetation is selected, builds layering culturing pool
The pool, totally 3 layers, per 50-60 centimetres of floor height, bottom one layer is used as prawn breeding hatching house, intermediate layer and changes shell phase culturing chamber,
Topmost a floor is as fast-growth room, every layer of installation thermoregulator, and shading shed is built topmost, and per aspect, product is
150-180 square metres；
（2）The running water introduced into every layer of cultivating pool after purification, the pond bottom a layer thickness that tiles is 3-4 centimetres of fine sand,
And pasture and water are planted, pasture and water species keeps unicity, and pasture and water coverage rate is respectively 70-80%, 65-75%, 50- since the bottom
55%, adjustment water temperature is in 18-25 DEG C of scope, and the molten amount of oxygen is in 5.2-5.6 mg/litre scopes, and calcium ion content is in 0.65-
0.75 mg/litre scope, pH value is in 7.3-7.6 scopes, ammonia-nitrogen content up to 0.12-0.14 mg/litres scope；
（3）Before and after feed is fed, sprinkled using the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations of preparation and be dissipated to the water surface, dosage is 15-18 grams/cubic metre, should
Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is made up of following component in parts by weight：It is radix glycyrrhizae 17-19 parts, dandelion 15-17 parts, balloonflower root 13-15 parts, thin
Lotus 11-12 parts, lily 8-10 parts, root of herbaceous peony 6-7 parts, hawthorn 5-8 parts, chrysanthemum indicum 4-7 parts, honeysuckle 3-5 parts, in prawn breeding period
Between into feed addition promote gonad development Chinese medicine, addition be feed relative 0.12-0.15%.
A kind of 2. cultural method of fresh water prawn as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）The pasture and water be black algae,
Hornwort, Mo Sizhong one kind.
A kind of 3. cultural method of fresh water prawn as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）The Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations
Preparation method be：The Chinese herbal medicine of the parts by weight is ground into the pulvis of 60-80 mesh, wrapped up using double gauze, embedment adds
In the crude salt of heat, maintain heating temperature to be taken out in 80-90 DEG C of scope, 5-6 after hour, be blended into 100 DEG C of boiling water, boiling water volume is
300-330 times of bolus volume, persistently stir 30-40 minutes, cooling can be used.
4. a kind of cultural method of fresh water prawn as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine for promoting gonad development is pressed
It is made up according to parts by weight meter of following component：Motherwort 15-16 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 12-13 parts, longan 10-11 parts, pawpaw 7.5-7.8 parts,
Matrimony vine 6.5-7.0 parts, rhizome of chuanxiong 5.8-6.0 parts, bark of eucommia 5.3-5.5 parts, Moschus 2.7-3.0 parts.
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