CN107701359B - A kind of floating breakwater and method for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function - Google Patents
A kind of floating breakwater and method for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107701359B CN107701359B CN201710835281.6A CN201710835281A CN107701359B CN 107701359 B CN107701359 B CN 107701359B CN 201710835281 A CN201710835281 A CN 201710835281A CN 107701359 B CN107701359 B CN 107701359B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001661355 Synapsis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/24—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/08—Tide or wave power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of floating breakwaters and method for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function.Take into account the floating breakwater of interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, sinker anchoring is connected in sea bed by anchor cable outside floating body, floating body top is disposed with access path, inside is equipped with wave energy conversion relative configurations, includes gas chamber, air turbine, turbo prop, universal driving shaft, generator, water body in bed course and gas chamber；A kind of floating breakwater implementation method for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, includes following steps: breakwater placement process, floating body cut down wave action process, wave energy conversion output process and maintenance process.The present invention realizes wave energy conversion function on the basis of the original gear of holding floating breakwater unrestrained wave absorption function, using water body oscillation design in gas chamber, and wave energy conversion process power output is continuous, good reliability；Breakwater force design is reasonable, and durability is good；Construction cost is cheap simultaneously, and engineering is gone into operation with the obvious advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coastal engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of floating for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function is anti-
Wave dike and method.
Background technique
The energy that wave is contained refers mainly to kinetic energy possessed by ocean surface wave and potential energy, and in ocean, Wave can be stored up
Amount is very huge, and the developable wave energy year reserves in the whole world are up to 2TW, it is seen that wave energy has energy density height, distribution wide
The advantages that, while wave energy or a kind of inexhaustible renewable and clean energy resource.For existing for nature such as
This high-quality renewable energy abundant, human development devise a variety of wave energy trans-utilization devices, wherein oscillating water column wave
Power generator becomes at present application wave energy the most successful turn in the world because it has many advantages, such as simple structure, reliable performance
Changing device.
In offshore engineering field, breakwater, which plays, cuts down wave action effect, the effect of dissipation Wave energy；And wave energy
Reforming unit is just playing a part of wave energy capture and energy conversion, and design of breakwater construction is mutually tied with wave energy conversion using device
Wave resource can be made full use of by closing progress complex function breakwater construction, reduce engineering cost, realize that traditional coastal engineering is built
The Complex Function for building object utilizes.Combining wave energy reforming unit and design of breakwater construction in offshore engineering is future
The development trend of seashore, offshore engineering.In the floating breakwater construction field for taking into account wave energy conversion function, there are some knots
The floating breakwater design scheme for having complex function of multiplex energy transformation function can keep off unrestrained wave absorption and make realizing floating breakwater
A degree of wave energy conversion process is realized while with effect, but takes into account the floating breakwater design scheme of wave energy conversion function
Experimental stage is only rested on mostly, durability and reliability are relatively poor；Have and combines oscillating water column wave energy using the floating of technology
In formula design of breakwater scheme, the design of breakwater section structure is again often sufficiently complex, comes into operation as engineering structure type selecting
When it is expensive.
In the published relevant programme for being related to taking into account wave energy conversion function breakwater, there has been no concerns using in floating body
Water column oscillation drives air movement then to push, and air turbine moves and then power generation combines breakwater and keeps off unrestrained wave absorption function
Technical solution, therefore, it is necessary to seek that reliability is stronger, the obvious wave dissipation effect simultaneously of wave energy conversion process control is be more good
Combination oscillating water column wave energy utilize principle new-type breakwater technical solution, set the floating breakwater for taking into account wave energy conversion function
Count section structure design rationally, structural stability is strong, combines good wave absorbing effect and reliable wave energy conversion effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes deficiency in the prior art, provides and a kind of take into account the floating of interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function
Formula breakwater and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, by gas chamber, air turbine, turbo prop,
Universal driving shaft, bed course, access path, generator, floating body, water body, anchor cable and sinker are constituted in gas chamber.Pass through anchor outside the floating body
Rope is connected to sinker anchoring in sea bed, and floating body top is disposed with access path, and inside is equipped with internal structure, include gas chamber,
Water body in air turbine, turbo prop, universal driving shaft, generator, bed course and gas chamber；The gas chamber is located in floating body, as floating body
Interior preset internal structure is arranged on side view section in a ring in floating body, and gas chamber lower part is connected to form gas chamber inner width in wide and flat shape
Flat pass, the cylindrical connection in gas chamber top form the cylindrical channel that aisle spare is less than wide flat pass, and cylinder is logical
Road and wide flat pass are interconnected in two sides, form two symmetrical Vertical Channels；Water body is located at gas in the gas chamber
Indoor lower area is filled in wide flat pass and two sides Vertical Channel lower part；The air turbine is located at gas chamber inner cylinder
It in channel, is connect by turbo prop with floating body and is fixed position and limiting displacement, air turbine center power output end is logical
It crosses universal driving shaft and floats intracorporal generator and be connected with being placed in；The turbo prop is arranged in air in gas chamber inner cylinder channel
Turbine position, top are fixed on the upside of gas chamber cylindrical channel, and lower part is fixed on the downside of gas chamber cylindrical channel, up and down
Securely connect with floating body, it is intermediate with connect at air turbine support, limitation air turbine removing in gas chamber inner cylinder channel
Other forms of motion except rotation；The generator arrangements are in the float structure on the outside of the gas chamber, by universal driving shaft be located at
The indoor air turbine of gas is connected to realize power output；The bed course is located at universal driving shaft and connects with generator linkage section with floating body
Synapsis；The linkage shaft body is located in gas chamber inner cylinder channel, and side is connected to air turbine center power output end, separately
Side, which is contacted with floating body by bed course and is connected to be located at endpoint, floats intracorporal generator, to realize that air turbine moves
Power between generator movement conducts.
Further, the floating body is to be reserved with special shape hollow region to form the floating box type floating body of air chamber structure,
For prefabricated reinforced concrete structure, air-tightness is good everywhere in gas chamber, and each interior angle of air chamber structure formed inside float structure is equal
Make round and smooth cavetto processing, gas chamber top fills air and supports as the buoyancy of float structure entirety, by under the gas chamber in floating body
Portion water filling flood wide flat pass to water body fill into gas chamber two sides Vertical Channel formed water-filling analog-U shaped sink structure so that
Structural focus reduces, and setting ballast layer is not required to inside floating body, and length of floating body need to highly combine wave and anchoring at breakwater construction
Characteristic separately determines.
Further, the air turbine is Wales turbine, is located in gas chamber inner cylinder channel, passes through turbo prop
Fixed position, air turbine is with universal driving shaft for rotation when water body oscillation causes gas to move back and forth drive turbine movement in gas chamber
Axis rotation, then output power to generator；The air turbine axis and cylindrical channel central axes trend are consistent, simultaneously
Consistent with universal driving shaft axis trend, air turbine and universal driving shaft, generator amature are located at during exercise in a plane of movement, empty
The conducted state moved between gas turbine, universal driving shaft and generator does not have contact to be associated with floating body other positions.
Further, the gas chamber is arranged in a ring in floating body, and the wide flat pass section in gas chamber lower part is in wide and flat shape, gas
Room upper cylindrical passage section is cylindrical, and cylindrical channel is mutually interconnected in two sides by Vertical Channel with wide flat pass
It is logical；The cylindrical channel cross-sectional area is less than wide flat pass section and Vertical Channel cross-sectional area, i.e., connects from Vertical Channel
Passing to cylindrical channel gas chamber sectional shape has a cross-sectional area contraction process, is formed in cylindrical channel both ends and erects
Straight channel joining place forms contraction channel from the outside to the core, to form guidance gas when gas is flowed to cylindrical channel in gas chamber
Body flow direction simultaneously generates in air flow collection.
Further, the universal driving shaft side is connected to air turbine, and the other side, which is connected to be located at, floats intracorporal generator,
Universal driving shaft is all without contact in cylindrical channel and Vertical Channel with side wall, and universal driving shaft and floating body contact position pass through bed course and floating body
Connection；The bed course is annular sleeve tubular structure, and is coated with lubricator in linkage shaft clearance, and bed course, which exists to move universal driving shaft, to be hindered
Buddhist nun's effect is negligible, and bed course is connect with floating body contact jaw secure rigid, keeps each contact position airtight, the whole gas of gas chamber
Close property is good.
Further, the access path is arranged in corresponding floating body above air turbine in floating body, universal driving shaft and generator
Region, in access path closing, that is, closed air chamber, keep air-tightness in gas chamber good.
Further, in the gas chamber water body selected according to project situation it is special with water or purified ordinary sea water,
Water body is filled in wide flat pass and two sides Vertical Channel lower part, certain thickness being separately provided with air contact surfaces in gas chamber
Oil reservoir is to separate water body in gas chamber and gas room air；Project inputs need to be according to floating body using water body water injection rate in preceding gas chamber
Stability and oscillating water column wave energy conversion efficiency situation are simultaneously further determined that in conjunction with physical experiments
Further, the floating body need to be spaced in intervals arrangement, and arrangement spacing needs combination ripple condition to determine；The floating body is logical
Anchor cable system is crossed into the sinker in seabed, using parallel type relaxation formula anchoring approach anchoring, floating body is allowed to exist under the wave action
Initial position is moved and is back on vertical direction in a certain range, each floating body is using 1 pair of anchor cable anchoring.
A kind of implementation method of floating breakwater that taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function is as follows:
A. breakwater placement process；
Breakwater is seated to predetermined maritime area, floating body is connected into sinker by anchor cable, breakwater position is fixed；Knot
Ballast situation needed for closing wave, the depth of water and the floating body of breakwater release position injects appropriate number of water body, closing inspection into floating body
Channel is repaired, breakwater arrangement is completed to come into operation.
B. floating body cuts down wave action process；
Wave action is to float structure, and the energy of floating body reflective portion incidence wave is to arrival bearing, transmitted wave of decaying；It is floating
Body structure also has certain absorption to the energy of wave by rubbing action, Wave energy of decaying；Floating body is made in wave
With the motion process swung up and down within the scope of lower generation certain amplitude, floating motion, which generates radiated wave, is superimposed radiated wave incidence wave
Decaying wave；Water body oscillating movement process, that is, wave force acting process, i.e., have wave by wave force acting in floating body
Energy is further decayed.
C. wave energy converts output process
1) wave crest is acted on to floating body: floating body generates the limited sway character movement of displacement under the wave action, when wave crest is made
When with to floating body, floating body side of heading sea is arrived with wave crest and is increased, and making floating body is in the lateral attitude of side lifting of heading sea, compared with floating body,
Water sports are in motion delay state, and water body keeps horizontal in gas chamber, therefore water body is with respect to floating body generation relative motion in gas chamber: with
Floating body is reference, and water body is risen by water body in unrestrained side Vertical Channel compared with raw water position low compared with raw water potential drop in side Vertical Channel of heading sea
Height, water body are moved along wide flat pass to by unrestrained side.Gas room air is in water sports by because of water body position change
And the space generated squeezes, and flows while air compression, air is certainly by unrestrained side Vertical Channel via cylindrical channel
Side Vertical Channel of heading sea is flowed to, is substantially reduced in cylindrical channel flow process because air-flow flows through cross-sectional area, atmospheric pressure
It increases, forms high pressure draught and then the movement of impinging air turbine, air turbine are driven by universal driving shaft generate electricity during rotation
Machine work, produces electricl energy.The above process realizes energy conversion process 1 of the wave energy to electric energy).
2) trough is acted on to floating body: when trough is acted on to floating body, water body and air-flow direction and floating body are by wave in gas chamber
Peak act on when on the contrary, energy conversion principle is identical: trough is acted on to floating body, floating body head sea side with trough arrive and reduce, make to float
The posture that leans forward that body is reduced in side of heading sea, water sports lag, and water body is in horizontality in gas chamber, and water body is relatively floating in gas chamber
Body continues that relative motion occurs: with floating body for reference, water body is increased compared with raw water position in side Vertical Channel of heading sea, and is led to vertically by unrestrained side
Water body is low compared with raw water potential drop in road, and water body is moved along wide flat pass to side of heading sea.With process 1) principle is identical, gas room air
It is squeezed in water sports by the space generated by water body position change, is flowed while air compression,
Air is flowed to via cylindrical channel by unrestrained side Vertical Channel from side Vertical Channel is head sea, same in cylindrical channel flow process
Sample is substantially reduced because air-flow flows through cross-sectional area, and atmospheric pressure increases, and high pressure draught impinging air turbine movement, air turbine exists
Generator work is driven by universal driving shaft in rotation process, is produced electricl energy.The above process realizes energy of the wave energy to electric energy
Conversion process 2).
3) cyclic process: during wave action to floating body, it can be considered Wave crest and wave trough alternating action to floating body, floating body is being met
The lifting of unrestrained side is reduced to side of heading sea to reduce not stalled in posture that unrestrained side is lifted and change by unrestrained side, and water body is in gravity in gas chamber
The wide flat pass of lower edge is alternately flowed to by unrestrained side, by unrestrained side Vertical Channel, is caused water body in gas chamber to vibrate, is then pushed
Gas room air flows to side of heading sea by cylindrical channel, is alternately flowed by unrestrained side Vertical Channel.Air is reciprocal in cylindrical channel
High pressure draught impinging air turbine is constantly formed in flow process, pushes air turbine movement, air turbine is during rotation
Generator work is driven by universal driving shaft, is produced electricl energy.Since wave is constantly acted on to floating body, so that the above process constantly repeats
It carries out, air turbine is kept moving under air-impingement, and then drives electrical power generators, and the above process realizes wave energy to electricity
The uninterrupted energy conversion process of energy.
D. maintenance process；
After breakwater comes into operation, if energy conversion component operating is broken down and need to be overhauled, that is, pass through engineering ship
Floating body is sling, access path above floating body is opened and carries out the maintenance processes such as troubleshooting, after continue to come into operation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, a kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, by forming gas chamber in floating body and setting
Set water body to fill in gas chamber, structure self gravity increased with Water quality, therefore ballast can be not provided with, floating body size and material at
Originally it is minimized；Float structure of the present invention is simple simultaneously, is easy to prefabricated, launches work progress and builds with traditional floating breakwater construction
If process is consistent, it is not required to otherwise designed arrangement and method for construction, difficulty of construction is small, and construction cost is low.Wave energy conversion function is taken into account with other
Design of breakwater scheme compare, material cost, construction cost and difficulty of construction are lower, engineering go into operation it is with the obvious advantage.
2, water tank design, wave action are set in a kind of floating breakwater use for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function
Stability inferior design is designed using passive anti-rolling tank, i.e., the rolling motion of floating body itself causes gas chamber under the wave action
Interior water body physical motion can limit floating motion amplitude to generate stabilizing moment to a certain extent, be not provided with tradition interior
The floating breakwater float structure of portion's water tank is compared, and substantially limitation of movement is obvious for floating body, and being not required to any power can be big to floating body
Restriction effect is played in width movement, improves the survival ability of float structure under extreme conditions；In addition, because of fortune under same operating condition
Dynamic amplitude is limited can obviously to significantly reduce anchor system power, to reduce the design requirement to mooring system, reduce anchoring cost.
3, a kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, by the way that water is arranged in gas chamber in floating body
Body, in wave action, floating body is swung up and down under the wave action, generates radiation with water body effect while floating motion
Wave, radiated wave, incidence wave are overlapped mutually effect further decaying wave；In gas chamber there is lag effect with respect to floating motion in water body
It answers, water body is floating additional mass of the intracorporal motion process equivalent to increase float structure, enhances float structure for wave
The reflecting effect of wave, and then enhance the effect that breakwater keeps off unrestrained wave absorption；In addition, there is also wave acting energy dissipation, wave is made
With causing in floating body in gas chamber water body to vibrate and make to occur in gas chamber further energy conversion process, wave force extra work,
Incident wave energy Partial Conversion, structure promote the reduction effect of incidence wave.One kind taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function
The floating breakwater of energy in addition to reflexion of wave is enhanced, also adds floating motion production compared with more traditional floating breakwater
Raw radiated wave energy dissipation and the wave energy conversion energy dissipation of wave force acting, it is obvious for incident wave reduction effect, it is promoted
The gear wave wave dissipation effect of breakwater.
4, water body shape is arranged in a kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function in floating body in gas chamber
At the analog-U shaped sink for having water body full, top substantially shrinks the cylindrical channel connection of formation, water in gas chamber by cross-sectional area
Gas motion is caused to form high pressure draught and then the movement of impinging air turbine when oscillation body, gas Mohaupt effect is significant, gas stream
To defining, mixed and disorderly air-flow is few, and small to the interference of mechanical energy conversion process to pneumatic energy, energy conversion is sensitive, air turbine operating
Continuity is good, and power output is continuous, good reliability, and wave energy conversion rate is steady under different wave conditions, and keeping off, unrestrained wave dissipation effect is good
Under the premise of take into account good wave energy conversion function.
5, a kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function is formed using outer seawater with tradition and is vibrated
The technical solution that water column carries out wave energy conversion is compared, without separately setting the cantilever structures such as high-lighting front wall, therefore without rapid wear destructible
Cantilever structure body and concentrate stress destruction and wave energy conversion to be related to a possibility that component fatigue destroys without larger component.We
Case structural integrity is good and force design is reasonable, and the stability of structure and reliability are higher on structural shape.
6, a kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, wave energy conversion function use gas indoor water
Oscillation body design scheme, water body and air motion concentrate in gas chamber and flow path is nearby without vulnerable to angular structures are washed away, and tie
Structure is generated without scour problem, solves the components such as existing front wall during tradition is utilized using open seawater oscillating water column wave energy
Neighbouring water body alternate reciprocating motion leads to that the components such as gas chamber front wall scour is serious, component surface is also easy to produce erosion hole and easily sends out
Raw the problem of further destroying, improve the durability of structure；It uses simultaneously and designs and add with the water body that open seawater is isolated
Oiling layer completely cuts off water body and air, so that gas chamber intermediate wave energy conversion component is in humidity, Effects of Salinity not significant to component affecting
Environment in, solve the components such as air turbine in conventional surge water column device and asked what high pressure salt steam ambient was easily corroded
Topic, structure durability are good.
In conclusion wave energy conversion function of the present invention, which is used, carries out setting for wave energy conversion process using water body oscillation in gas chamber
Meter scheme, material cost, construction are low in cost, and difficulty of construction is small, and engineering is gone into operation with the obvious advantage；Unrestrained wave dissipation effect is kept off to be better than
It is obvious to cut down effect to wave for traditional floating breakwater design scheme；Wave energy conversion process power output is continuous simultaneously, reliability
It is good；Rationally, stability is good, and durability is good in severe sea condition environment for structure stress design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is breakwater structure cell schematics of the invention；
Fig. 2 is floating body sectional schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is floating body schematic top plan view；
Fig. 4 is floating body and wave action schematic diagram 1；
Fig. 5 is floating body and wave action schematic diagram 2；
1. gas chamber, 2. air turbines, 3. turbo props, 4. universal driving shafts, 5. generators, 6. floating bodies, water body in 7. gas chambers, 8.
Anchor cable, 9. sinkers, 10. cylindrical channels, 11. wide flat pass, 12. Vertical Channels, 13. bed courses, 14. access paths.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to it is described
Embodiment.
A kind of floating breakwater for taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, by gas chamber 1, sky
Gas turbine 2, turbo prop 3, universal driving shaft 4, bed course 13, access path 14, generator 5, floating body 6, water body 7,8 and of anchor cable in gas chamber
Sinker 9 is constituted.The anchoring of sinker 9 is connected in sea bed by anchor cable 8 outside floating body 6,6 top of floating body is disposed with access path
14, it is equipped with internal structure inside floating body 6, includes gas chamber 1, air turbine 2, turbo prop 3, universal driving shaft 4, generator 5, bed course
13 and gas chamber in water body 7；Gas chamber 1 is located in floating body 6, as preset internal structure in floating body 6 in floating body 6 on side view section
It arranges in a ring, 1 lower part of gas chamber is connected to form 1 inner width flat pass 11 of gas chamber, the cylindrical connection in 1 top of gas chamber in wide and flat shape
The cylindrical channel 10 that aisle spare is less than wide flat pass 11 is formed, cylindrical channel 10 is with wide flat pass 11 in two sides phase
It is intercommunicated, form two symmetrical Vertical Channels 12；Water body 7 is located at lower area in gas chamber 1 in gas chamber, fills Yu Kuanbian
Shape channel 11 and 12 lower part of two sides Vertical Channel；Air turbine 2 is located in gas chamber inner cylinder channel 10, passes through turbo prop 3
It is connect with floating body 6 and is fixed position, 2 center power output end of air turbine passes through universal driving shaft 4 and the hair being placed in floating body 6
Motor 5 is connected；Turbo prop 3 is arranged in 2 position of air turbine in 1 inner cylinder channel 10 of gas chamber, and top is fixed on
1 inner cylinder channel of gas chamber, 10 upside, lower part are fixed on 10 downside of gas chamber cylindrical channel, are securely connect with floating body 6 up and down,
It is intermediate with connect at 2 support of air turbine；Generator 5 is arranged in 6 structure of floating body in 1 outside of gas chamber；Bed course 13 is located at linkage
Axis 4 and 5 linkage section of generator and 6 contact position of floating body；Universal driving shaft 4 is located in 1 inner cylinder channel 10 of gas chamber, and side is connected to sky
2 center power output end of gas turbine, the other side are contacted with floating body 6 by bed course 13 and are connected in floating body 6 at endpoint
Generator 5.Wherein, floating body 6 is floating box type floating body, and prefabricated reinforced concrete structure, air-tightness is good everywhere in gas chamber 1, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, left half figure of Fig. 2 is 10 section structure diagram of cylindrical channel, and right half figure is 12 structural representation of Vertical Channel section
Figure, each interior angle of 1 structure of gas chamber that 6 inside configuration of floating body is formed make cavetto processing, and 1 top of gas chamber fills air, gas in floating body 6
Wide flat pass 11 is flooded in the water filling of 1 lower part of room makes water body 7 in gas chamber fill the class U that 1 two sides Vertical Channel 12 of gas chamber forms water-filling
Type sink structure.2 type selecting of air turbine is Wales turbine, is placed in gas chamber 1 in cylindrical channel 10, passes through turbo prop
3 fixed positions；2 axis of air turbine and 10 central axes of cylindrical channel trend are consistent, while moving towards one with 4 axis of universal driving shaft
It causes.The selection of water body 7 uses common fresh water in gas chamber, and water body 7 is filled in wide flat pass 11 and two sides Vertical Channel 12 in gas chamber
Lower part is being provided with certain thickness oil reservoir to divide water body 7 in gas chamber and gas room air with air contact surfaces in gas chamber 1
Every.In the sinker 9 that floating body 6 passes through 8 anchor system to seabed of anchor cable, using parallel type relaxation formula anchoring approach anchoring, each floating body 6 is adopted
It is anchored with 1 pair of anchor cable 8.
A kind of implementation method of floating breakwater that taking into account interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion function is as follows:
A. breakwater placement process；
Breakwater is seated to predetermined maritime area, floating body 6 is connected into sinker 9 by anchor cable 8, breakwater position is consolidated
It is fixed；In conjunction at breakwater construction wave, ballast situation injects appropriate number of gas chamber into floating body 6 needed for the depth of water and floating body 6
Interior water body 7, closes access path 14, and breakwater arrangement is completed to come into operation.
B. floating body cuts down wave action process；
Wave action is to floating body 6, and the energy of floating body reflective portion incidence wave is to arrival bearing, transmitted wave of decaying；Floating body 6
Also there is certain absorption by energy of the rubbing action to wave, Wave energy of decaying；Floating body 6 is sent out under the wave action
The motion process swung up and down within the scope of certain amplitude is given birth to, while water body 7 vibrates in gas chamber in floating body 6, at this time wave force
Acting further decays to incident Wave energy by wave force acting.
C. wave energy converts output process
1) wave crest is acted on to floating body: floating body 6 generates the limited sway character movement of displacement under the wave action, when wave crest is made
When with to floating body 6, as shown in figure 4, floating body 6 is head sea, side is arrived with wave crest and is increased, and making floating body 6 is in the inclination appearance of side lifting of heading sea
State, compared with floating body 6, water sports are in motion delay state, and water body 7 keeps horizontal in gas chamber, therefore water body 7 is relatively floating in gas chamber
Relative motion occurs for body 6: being reference with floating body 6, water body is low compared with raw water potential drop in side Vertical Channel 12 of heading sea, and is led to vertically by unrestrained side
Water body is increased compared with raw water position in road 12, and water body 7 is moved along wide flat pass 11 to by unrestrained side.Gas room air is in water sports feelings
It is squeezed, is flowed while air compression, air is from by unrestrained side by the space generated by water body position change under condition
Vertical Channel 12 flows to side Vertical Channel 12 of heading sea via cylindrical channel 10, because of air-flow in 10 flow process of cylindrical channel
It flows through cross-sectional area to be substantially reduced, atmospheric pressure increases, and forms high pressure draught and then impinging air turbine 2 moves, air turbine 2
It drives generator 5 to work by universal driving shaft 4 during rotation, produces electricl energy.The above process realizes wave energy to electric energy
Energy conversion process 1).
2) trough is acted on to floating body: when trough is acted on to floating body 6, in gas chamber water body 7 and air-flow direction and floating body 6 by
On the contrary, energy conversion principle is identical when wave crest acts on: as shown in figure 5, trough is acted on to floating body 6, the side of heading sea of floating body 6 is arrived with trough
Coming and reduce, makes floating body 6 in the posture that leans forward for side reduction of heading sea, water sports lag, and water body 7 is in horizontality in gas chamber,
Water body 7 continues that relative motion occurs with respect to floating body 6 in gas chamber: with floating body 6 for reference, water body is more former in side Vertical Channel 12 of heading sea
Water level increases, low compared with raw water potential drop by water body in unrestrained side Vertical Channel 12, and water body 7 is along wide flat pass 11 to side of heading sea in gas chamber
Movement.With process 1) principle is identical, and gas room air is under 7 motion conditions of water body by generating due to 7 position change of water body
Space squeezes, and flows while air compression, and air is unrestrained via cylindrical channel flow direction from side Vertical Channel of heading sea
Side Vertical Channel is equally substantially reduced because air-flow flows through cross-sectional area, atmospheric pressure liter in 10 flow process of cylindrical channel
Height, high pressure draught impinging air turbine 2 move, and air turbine 2 drives generator 5 to work by universal driving shaft 4 during rotation,
It produces electricl energy.The above process realizes energy conversion process 2 of the wave energy to electric energy).
3) cyclic process: during wave action to floating body 6, it can be considered Wave crest and wave trough alternating action to floating body 6, floating body 6
It is reduced to by unrestrained side side of heading sea to reduce not stalled in posture that unrestrained side is lifted and change in side lifting of heading sea, water body 7 is in weight in gas chamber
Power acts on the wide flat pass 11 of lower edge and alternately flows to by unrestrained side, by unrestrained side Vertical Channel 12, and water body 7 in gas chamber is caused to shake
It swings, then pushes gas room air to flow to side of heading sea by cylindrical channel 10, generated by unrestrained side Vertical Channel 12 and alternately flow.It is empty
Gas pushes air turbine 2 to move during cylindrical channel flowing 10, and air turbine 2 passes through universal driving shaft during rotation
4 drive generator 5 to work, and produce electricl energy.Since wave is constantly acted on to floating body 6, so that the above process constantly repeats, it is empty
Gas turbine 2 is kept moving under air-impingement, and then generator 5 is driven to generate electricity, and the above process realizes wave energy to electric energy
Uninterrupted energy conversion process.
D. maintenance process；
After breakwater comes into operation, if energy conversion component operating is broken down and need to be overhauled, that is, pass through engineering ship
Floating body is sling, access path 14 above floating body is opened and carries out the maintenance processes such as troubleshooting, after continue to come into operation.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of interior oscillating water column wave energy conversion implementation method of floating breakwater, the floating breakwater by floating body, anchor cable and
Sinker is constituted, and is connected to sinker anchoring in sea bed by anchor cable outside the floating body, floating body top is disposed with access path, floats
Internal portion is equipped with internal structure, internal structure include gas chamber, air turbine, turbo prop, universal driving shaft, generator, bed course and
Water body in gas chamber；
The gas chamber is arranged on side view section in a ring in floating body；Gas chamber lower part is wide flat pass, and gas chamber top is cylinder
Shape channel, the cylindrical channel area are less than wide flat pass, and cylindrical channel and wide flat pass are interconnected in two sides,
Two symmetrical Vertical Channels are formed, are equipped with contraction from the outside to the core at cylindrical channel both ends and Vertical Channel joining place
Channel；Water body is located at lower area in gas chamber in gas chamber, fills in wide flat pass and two sides Vertical Channel lower part；Air turbine
It in gas chamber inner cylinder channel, is connect by turbo prop with floating body and is fixed position, air turbine center power is defeated
Outlet is floated intracorporal generator and is connected with being placed in by universal driving shaft；Turbo prop is arranged in gas chamber inner cylinder channel empty
Gas turbine position, top and the bottom are securely connect with floating body, and generator arrangements are in the float structure on the outside of the gas chamber；Bed course position
In universal driving shaft and generator linkage section and floating body contact position；Universal driving shaft is located in gas chamber inner cylinder channel, and side is connected to sky
Gas turbine center power output end, the other side, which is contacted with floating body by bed course and is connected to be located at endpoint, floats intracorporal power generation
Machine；
It is characterized in that, the implementation method includes the following steps:
Floating body cuts down wave action process:
Wave action is to float structure, and the energy of floating body reflective portion incidence wave is to arrival bearing, transmitted wave of decaying；Floating body knot
Structure is absorbed by energy of the rubbing action to wave, Wave energy of decaying；Certain amplitude occurs under the wave action for floating body
The motion process swung up and down in range, floating motion, which generates radiated wave, makes radiated wave incidence wave superposition decaying wave；In floating body
Water body oscillating movement process, that is, wave force acting process, i.e., further declined by wave force acting energy had to wave
Subtract；
Wave energy converts output process:
1) wave crest is acted on to floating body: floating body generates the limited sway character movement of displacement under the wave action, when wave crest act on to
When floating body, floating body heads sea side with wave crest arrival raising, makes floating body in the lateral attitude for side lifting of heading sea, compared with floating body, water body
Movement is in motion delay state, and water body keeps horizontal in gas chamber, therefore water body is with respect to floating body generation relative motion in gas chamber: with floating body
For reference, water body is increased, water by water body in unrestrained side Vertical Channel compared with raw water position low compared with raw water potential drop in side Vertical Channel of heading sea
Body is moved along wide flat pass to by unrestrained side, and gas room air is generated in water sports by because of water body position change
Space squeeze, air compression while flow, air from by unrestrained side Vertical Channel via cylindrical channel flow to meet
Unrestrained side Vertical Channel is substantially reduced in cylindrical channel flow process because air-flow flows through cross-sectional area, and atmospheric pressure increases, shape
At high pressure draught and then the movement of impinging air turbine, air turbine drives generator work by universal driving shaft during rotation,
It produces electricl energy, the above process realizes energy conversion process 1 of the wave energy to electric energy)；
2) trough is acted on to floating body: when trough is acted on to floating body, water body and air-flow direction and floating body are made by wave crest in gas chamber
Used time is on the contrary, energy conversion principle is identical: trough is acted on to floating body, and floating body side of heading sea is arrived with trough and reduced, and makes the floating body be in
Head sea the posture that leans forward of side reduction, water sports lag, water body is in horizontality in gas chamber, in gas chamber water body with respect to floating body after
Supervention gives birth to relative motion: being reference with floating body, water body is increased compared with raw water position in side Vertical Channel of heading sea, by unrestrained side Vertical Channel
Water body is low compared with raw water potential drop, and water body is moved along wide flat pass to side of heading sea, with process 1) principle is identical, and gas room air is in water
It is squeezed, is flowed while air compression, air by the space generated by water body position change under body motion conditions
From side Vertical Channel of heading sea via cylindrical channel flow direction by unrestrained side Vertical Channel, in cylindrical channel flow process it is same because
Air-flow flows through cross-sectional area and is substantially reduced, and atmospheric pressure increases, and high pressure draught impinging air turbine movement, air turbine is rotating
Generator work is driven by universal driving shaft in the process, is produced electricl energy, the above process realizes that wave energy is converted to the energy of electric energy
Process 2)；
3) cyclic process: during wave action to floating body, it can be considered Wave crest and wave trough alternating action to floating body, floating body is in side of heading sea
Lifting is reduced to side of heading sea to reduce not stalled in posture that unrestrained side is lifted and change by unrestrained side, water body edge under the effect of gravity in gas chamber
Wide flat pass is alternately flowed to by unrestrained side, by unrestrained side Vertical Channel, is caused water body in gas chamber to vibrate, is then pushed gas chamber
Interior air flows to side of heading sea by cylindrical channel, is alternately flowed by unrestrained side Vertical Channel, and air is back and forth flowed in cylindrical channel
High pressure draught impinging air turbine is constantly formed in the process, pushes air turbine movement, and air turbine passes through during rotation
Universal driving shaft drive generator work, produce electricl energy, since wave constantly act on to floating body so that the above process constantly repeatedly into
Row, air turbine are kept moving under air-impingement, and then drive electrical power generators, and the above process realizes wave energy to electric energy
Uninterrupted energy conversion process.
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