CN107701112A - A kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling - Google Patents
A kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107701112A CN107701112A CN201710871079.9A CN201710871079A CN107701112A CN 107701112 A CN107701112 A CN 107701112A CN 201710871079 A CN201710871079 A CN 201710871079A CN 107701112 A CN107701112 A CN 107701112A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gauge teeth
- gauge
- teeth
- chamber
- drill bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010237 hybrid technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to PDC drill bit technical field, discloses a kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling, for solving the problems, such as that existing PDC drill bit service life is short.The present invention includes carcass, the carcass is provided with multiple wings, wing is provided with some gauge teeths, gauge teeth includes first lap, second circle and the 3rd circle gauge teeth, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth is arranged on sustained height, each gauge teeth on second circle gauge teeth is arranged on sustained height, each gauge teeth on 3rd circle gauge teeth is on sustained height, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth and the 3rd circle gauge teeth is fixedly connected on wing, the second circle gauge teeth is slidably connected on carcass and can rotated around carcass, each gauge teeth on second circle gauge teeth can move back and forth along perpendicular to the direction of carcass rotation axis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to PDC drill bit technical field, and in particular to a kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling.
Background technology
PDC（Poly- diamond compact）Drill bit is widely used in oil, a kind of drill bit in geology field, and it has higher
Hardness, wearability and service life.In the case of harder on stratum, typically without using rock bit, because rock bit is mechanical
Drilling speed is slow, short life, frequently results in an extra bradawl operation, increases drilling time and operating cost.Therefore, for stratum compared with
Hard place, the faster PDC drill bit of generally use rate of penetration, to improve bit speed.
In recent years between, all there occurs huge change for the matter amount and type of PDC cutting tooths.If by the tooth of the 1980s
Compared with current tooth, difference is sizable.Due to the change of hybrid technique and manufacturing process, current cutting
The capability and performance of tooth is far better, and the Anti-erosion and impact resistance for making drill bit all greatly improve.
The major way of PDC drill bit broken rock stone is chip rock, and because it typically has 3-7 wing, more than ten compound
Piece, rock is inhomogeneous again, therefore PDC drill bit has violent oscillation crosswise at work, weakens the effect of fractured rock
Rate.In order to suppress the oscillation crosswise of drill bit, part drill bit enhances gauge structure, makes the diameter of gauge structure than the diameter of drill bit
Bigger, gauge structure domain borehole wall large area is in close contact, so as to effectively inhibit oscillation crosswise.
PDC drill bit can be divided into matrix-type PDC drill bit and steel body type PDC drill bit, matrix-type according to bit body materials classification
Diamond compact (PDC) drill bit is a kind of cutting type being welded on diamond compact by brazing mode on bit matrix
Drill bit.Matrix drill bits tungsten-carbide powder sintering forms, and with artificial PCD compacts brazing on tungsten carbide matrix, uses
Natural diamond gage；Steel body PDC drill bit, it is with nickel, chromium, molybdenum alloy machining shaping.In bit body after Overheating Treatment
Upper drilling, man-made polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is pressed into (tight fit) bit body, with column tungsten carbide gauge.
But existing drill bit, because the situation of local collapse occurs in drilling, causes drill bit in actual drilling process
There is the situation of discontinuity and more serious shock conditions occurs in periphery, and this vibrations can aggravate force on PDC cutter not
Uniform situation, and then cause cutting tooth service life short.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of height for geological drilling to solve the problems, such as that existing PDC drill bit service life is short
PDC drill bit is imitated, can in time reduce because part steps on hole and causes the situation of bit vibration, so as to make bit force uniform, carry
The service life of high drill bit.
To solve technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling, including carcass, the carcass are provided with multiple wings, the epimere of wing
Covered with some cutting tooths, the hypomere of wing is provided with some gauge teeths, it is characterised in that the gauge teeth is protected including first lap
Footpath tooth, the second circle gauge teeth and the 3rd circle gauge teeth, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth are arranged on sustained height, the
Each gauge teeth on two circle gauge teeths is arranged on sustained height, and each gauge teeth on the 3rd circle gauge teeth is in sustained height
On, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth and the 3rd circle gauge teeth is fixedly connected on wing, the second circle gauge teeth
It is slidably connected on carcass and can be rotated around carcass, each gauge teeth on the second circle gauge teeth can be along perpendicular to carcass
The direction of rotation axis moves back and forth.
Sliding groove is offered on the carcass, the swivel becket that can be rotated in sliding groove is arranged with the sliding groove,
Each gauge teeth of second circle gauge teeth is arranged on swivel becket.
Annular chamber is offered on the inwall of the swivel becket, cavity is installed inside the swivel becket, pacified in the cavity
Equipped with ring pipe, the branched bottom connected with cooling liquid flowing channel is offered on the carcass, the branched bottom is connected with input
Pipeline, the input channel extend through annular chamber and connected with the ring pipe in cavity；Offered on the outer wall of the swivel becket
Mounting hole, the second gauge teeth that section is in " convex " font is installed in the mounting hole, and the miner diameter end of the second gauge teeth is stretched
Go out the outside of swivel becket, outer wall and the mounting hole sealing of the bigger diameter end of the second gauge teeth coordinate, the end connection of the second gauge teeth
There is guide rod, the guide rod is connected with the piston that cooperation is sealed against each other with mounting hole, and piston is by between the second gauge teeth and mounting hole
Cavity be divided into first chamber and second chamber, the first chamber and second chamber connect through pipeline with ring pipe respectively.
For being provided with control valve on the pipeline that connects first chamber and second chamber with ring pipe, pacify on input channel
Equipped with control valve.
Two through holes are offered on the piston, check valve is equipped in each through hole, wherein a check valve controls
Liquid in first chamber enters all second chambers, and another check valve controls the liquid in second chamber to enter first chamber
It is interior.
Closure is installed on the swivel becket, the miner diameter end of the second gauge teeth through closure extend to swivel becket it
Outside.
The miner diameter end of second gauge teeth is arranged with back-moving spring, and one end of back-moving spring is connected with closure,
The other end of back-moving spring is connected on the bigger diameter end of the second gauge teeth.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling of the present invention in use, passes through first lap gauge teeth and the 3rd gauge
Tooth can ensure the needs of bit gauge protection, when drill bit is shaken due to unbalance stress when hole occurs stepping in well
Wait, the coolant in cooling liquid flowing channel is entered in ring pipe through branched bottom and input channel successively, then in ring pipe
Coolant is injected into first chamber through pipeline, promotes piston and gauge teeth to be displaced outwardly, gauge teeth is displaced outwardly gauge teeth
The place collapsed is pushed into, so as to improve the stressing conditions of drill bit, the uniformity of bit force is improved, prevents due to strenuous vibration
And cause cutting tooth to be damaged, improve the service life of cutting tooth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the outline structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of swivel becket of the present invention and carcass；
Fig. 3 is the ring pipe of the present invention and the connection diagram of slip ring；
Marked in figure：1st, connecting rod, 2, carcass, 3, wing, 4, cutting tooth, 5, hydrophthalmia, 6, first lap gauge teeth, the 7, second circle is protected
Footpath tooth, the 8, the 3rd circle gauge teeth, 9, swivel becket, 10, closure, 11, cooling liquid flowing channel, 12, sliding groove, 13, annular chamber, 14,
Cavity, 15, ring pipe, 16, branch flow passage, 17, input channel, 18, mounting hole, the 19, second gauge teeth, 20, guide rod, 21, living
Plug, 22, first chamber, 23, second chamber, 24, through hole, 25, back-moving spring, 26, slip ring, 27, cavity, 28, through hole.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and described embodiment is only a present invention part
Embodiment, it is not whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art is not making
Other embodiments used obtained under the premise of creative work, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention includes carcass 2, and wherein carcass is connected in connecting rod 1, and the carcass 2 is provided with multiple
Wing 3, the epimere of wing 3 are provided with some gauge teeths covered with some cutting tooths 4, the hypomere of wing 3, wherein, adjacent knife
Row is formed between the wing 3 and cuts passage, the upper surface of carcass 2 and row cut and hydrophthalmia 5 are provided with passage, the cooling liquid flowing channel 11 in carcass
Connect with each hydrophthalmia 5, so as to which the coolant of input is discharged from hydrophthalmia 5, cutting tooth 4 is cooled down.The gauge teeth bag
Include first lap gauge teeth 6, second and enclose gauge teeth 7 and the 3rd and enclose gauge teeth 8, each gauge teeth installation on first lap gauge teeth 7
On sustained height, each gauge teeth on the second circle gauge teeth 7 is arranged on sustained height, each on the 3rd circle gauge teeth 8
For individual gauge teeth on sustained height, each gauge teeth that first lap gauge teeth 6 and the 3rd is enclosed on gauge teeth 8 is fixedly connected on wing
On 3, the second circle gauge teeth 7 is slidably connected on carcass 2 and can rotated around carcass 2, each on the second circle gauge teeth 2
Individual gauge teeth can move back and forth along perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis of carcass 2.
Sliding groove 12 is offered on the carcass 2, is arranged with what can be rotated in sliding groove 12 in the sliding groove 12
Swivel becket 9, each gauge teeth of the second circle gauge teeth 7（That is the second gauge teeth 19）On swivel becket 9.For the ease of retouching
State, the second each gauge teeth enclosed on gauge teeth 7 is named as the second gauge teeth 19.
Annular chamber 13 is offered on the inwall of the swivel becket 9, cavity 14, the sky are installed inside the swivel becket 9
Ring pipe 15 is installed in chamber 14, the branched bottom 16 connected with cooling liquid flowing channel 11, the branch are offered on the carcass 2
Passage 16 is connected with input channel 17, and the input channel 17 extends through annular chamber 13 and connected with the ring pipe 15 in cavity 14
It is logical；Mounting hole 18 is offered on the outer wall of the swivel becket 9, section is in " convex " font second is provided with the mounting hole 18
Gauge teeth 19, and the miner diameter end of the second gauge teeth 19 stretches out the outside of swivel becket 9, the outer wall of the bigger diameter end of the second gauge teeth 19
Seal and coordinate with mounting hole 18, the end of the second gauge teeth 19 is connected with guide rod 20, and the guide rod 20 is connected with and mounting hole 18
Seal against each other the piston 21 of cooperation, piston 21 by the cavity between the second gauge teeth 19 and mounting hole 18 be divided into first chamber 22 and
Second chamber 23, the first chamber 22 and second chamber 23 connect through pipeline with ring pipe 15 respectively.
The efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling of the present invention in use, passes through first lap gauge teeth and the 3rd
Gauge teeth can ensure the needs of bit gauge protection, and drill bit occurs what is shaken due to unbalance stress when hole occurs stepping in well
When, the coolant in cooling liquid flowing channel is entered in ring pipe through branched bottom and input channel successively, then in ring pipe
Coolant be injected into through pipeline in first chamber, promote piston and gauge teeth to be displaced outwardly, gauge teeth is displaced outwardly gauge
Tooth is pushed into the place collapsed, so as to improve the stressing conditions of drill bit, improves the uniformity of bit force, prevents due to acutely shake
Move and cause cutting tooth to be damaged, improve the service life of cutting tooth.
Conversely, when drill bit stability of rotation, the cooling in ring pipe is also through pipeline to second chamber, so as to push away
Piston moves inward, and in the presence of back-moving spring, the second gauge teeth resets.
The input for being designed to ensure coolant of the annular chamber, cavity, ring pipe and input channel of the present invention, while not
The situation of mechanical interference can occur because of the rotation of carcass 2.With reference to accompanying drawing 3 wherein, be provided with can for the periphery of ring pipe 15
The slip ring 26 rotated along ring pipe 15, slip ring 26 are slidingly sealed cooperation, slip ring and ring pipe with ring pipe 15
Between be provided with seal washer, slip ring 26 is provided with the cavity 27 of ring-type, and ring pipe 15 offers the use connected with cavity 27
In the through hole 28 that coolant passes through, the pipeline of first chamber 22 and second chamber 23 be connected on slip ring 26 and with cavity 27
Connection, so as to ensure ring pipe 15 when rotating, pipeline will not together rotate with ring pipe 15 and ensure coolant
Conveying.
In order to prevent the row formed between adjacent blades 3 cuts broken cut in passage from entering annular chamber 13 and shadow in cavity 14
Ring, as a kind of preferable mode of the present invention, the row between adjacent blades 3 cuts the baffle plate that arc is provided with passage, passes through gear
Plate is used to shelter from the annular chamber on swivel becket, prevents that chip is entered in annular chamber 13 in drilling process, ensures ring pipe
15 follow carcass 2 to rotate together.
For being provided with control valve, input pipe on the pipeline that connects first chamber 22 and second chamber 23 with ring pipe 15
Control valve is installed on road 17, consequently facilitating being controlled.
Two through holes 24 are offered on the piston 21, check valve are equipped with each through hole 24, wherein one is unidirectional
Liquid in valve control first chamber enters all second chambers, and another check valve controls the liquid in second chamber to enter first
In chamber.
As a kind of preferable mode of the present invention, closure 10 is installed on the swivel becket 9, the second gauge teeth 19 it is small
Footpath end is extended to outside swivel becket 9 through closure 10.
The miner diameter end of second gauge teeth 19 is arranged with back-moving spring 25, and one end of back-moving spring 25, which is connected with, to be sealed
On lid 10, the other end of back-moving spring 25 is connected on the bigger diameter end of the second gauge teeth 19.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling, including carcass, the carcass is provided with multiple wings, wing it is upper
Section is provided with some gauge teeths covered with some cutting tooths, the hypomere of wing, it is characterised in that the gauge teeth includes first lap
Gauge teeth, the second circle gauge teeth and the 3rd circle gauge teeth, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth are arranged on sustained height,
Each gauge teeth on second circle gauge teeth is arranged on sustained height, and each gauge teeth on the 3rd circle gauge teeth is in same height
On degree, each gauge teeth on first lap gauge teeth and the 3rd circle gauge teeth is fixedly connected on wing, the second circle gauge
Tooth is slidably connected on carcass and can rotated around carcass, and each gauge teeth on the second circle gauge teeth can be along perpendicular to tire
The direction of body rotation axis moves back and forth.
2. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 1 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that opened up on the carcass
There is sliding groove, the swivel becket that can be rotated in sliding groove, each gauge of the second circle gauge teeth are arranged with the sliding groove
Tooth is arranged on swivel becket.
3. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 2 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that the swivel becket it is interior
Annular chamber is offered on wall, cavity is installed inside the swivel becket, ring pipe is installed in the cavity, opened on the carcass
Provided with the branched bottom connected with cooling liquid flowing channel, the branched bottom is connected with input channel, and the input channel, which stretches into, to be worn
Annular chamber is crossed to connect with the ring pipe in cavity；Mounting hole is offered on the outer wall of the swivel becket, is installed in the mounting hole
There is the second gauge teeth that section is in " convex " font, and the miner diameter end of the second gauge teeth stretches out the outside of swivel becket, the second gauge
The outer wall of the bigger diameter end of tooth coordinates with mounting hole sealing, and the end of the second gauge teeth is connected with guide rod, the guide rod be connected with
Mounting hole seals against each other the piston of cooperation, and the cavity between the second gauge teeth and mounting hole is divided into first chamber and second by piston
Chamber, the first chamber and second chamber connect through pipeline with ring pipe respectively.
4. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 3 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that for by first chamber
Control valve is installed on the pipeline connected with second chamber with ring pipe；Control valve is installed on input channel.
5. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 3 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that opened up on the piston
There are two through holes, check valve is equipped in each through hole, wherein the liquid in check valve control first chamber enters all
Second chamber, another check valve control the liquid in second chamber to enter in first chamber.
6. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 3 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that pacify on the swivel becket
Equipped with closure, the miner diameter end of the second gauge teeth is extended to outside swivel becket through closure.
7. the efficient PDC drill bit according to claim 3 for geological drilling, it is characterised in that second gauge teeth
Miner diameter end be arranged with back-moving spring, one end of back-moving spring is connected with closure, and the other end of back-moving spring is connected to
On the bigger diameter end of second gauge teeth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710871079.9A CN107701112B (en) | 2017-09-24 | 2017-09-24 | A high-efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710871079.9A CN107701112B (en) | 2017-09-24 | 2017-09-24 | A high-efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107701112A true CN107701112A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
| CN107701112B CN107701112B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
Family
ID=61174349
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710871079.9A Active CN107701112B (en) | 2017-09-24 | 2017-09-24 | A high-efficient PDC drill bit for geological drilling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107701112B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111287666A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Efficient rock breaking drill bit capable of adaptively controlling lateral cutting capacity |
| CN112878917A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Self-adaptive cutting tooth and PDC drill bit |
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| CN112878917B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Self-adaptive cutting tooth and PDC drill bit |
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