CN107695895A - A kind of device and method that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet - Google Patents
A kind of device and method that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet Download PDFInfo
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- CN107695895A CN107695895A CN201711173242.0A CN201711173242A CN107695895A CN 107695895 A CN107695895 A CN 107695895A CN 201711173242 A CN201711173242 A CN 201711173242A CN 107695895 A CN107695895 A CN 107695895A
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- nozzle
- high pressure
- pressure duct
- jet
- hybrid chamber
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
- B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
- B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of device and method that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet, described device include the first pressure duct, the second pressure duct, diversion division, mixing unit and nozzle;Diversion division includes water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and the gas delivery channels being socketed on inside water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder, and gap is reserved between water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and gas delivery channels, and spiral guide vane is provided with gap, and guide vane is set along gas delivery channels length direction;Guide vane is connected with water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder inwall and gas delivery channels outer wall;First pressure duct connects with gas delivery channels;Second pressure duct connects with gap;Mixing unit includes hybrid chamber, and hybrid chamber front end connects with gap and gas delivery channels;Nozzle is located at hybrid chamber end.Device and method of the present invention can reduce abrasion of the abradant jet to nozzle, improve the operating efficiency of abradant jet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-pressure abrasive material gas jet field, and in particular to one kind reduces nozzle mill using rotary abrasive jet
The device and method of damage.
Background technology
Abradant jet is crushed using grinding and erosion of the impact kinetic energy realization of abrasive particle to target body material, phase
There is the characteristics of operating efficiency height and strong jet ability compared with traditional pure gas jet and high-pressure water jet.The effect of abradant jet
Fruit key in fluidic system the pressure energy of fluid media (medium) be changed into the kinetic energy of abrasive particle.
Wherein, nozzle is the direct element for determining jet operating mode, is the main device for improving fluid media (medium) speed.High-voltage tube
When low velocity fluid in road passes through nozzle, it is accelerated within the extremely short time, so as to drive abrasive particle to be obtained in nozzle exit
Larger kinetic energy is obtained, realizes that abradant jet processes operation.Therefore, nozzle be in fluidics obtain high-energy utilization rate it is crucial because
One of element.
Rotating jet refers to that under the conditions of jet nozzle is non-rotary being produced using its internal structure in exit has three
Dimension speed and the diffusion type jet moved along spiral trajectory, also referred to as turn jet.This jet is compared to traditional circle
Columnar jets, its profile is horn-like in significantly expanding, and there is stronger diffusion and volume to inhale the ability that surrounding medium participates in flowing,
Larger impact area can be formed.
But above two fluidics still has the following disadvantages in actual applications:
(1)The problem of jet nozzle serious wear and small effective erosion radius be present in cylindric abradant jet technology.Nozzle
Abrasion mainly occurs in contraction section, because this section of longitudinal cross-section is shunk rapidly along jet expansion direction, hard abrasive particle edge
Serious erosion can occur to nozzle in axial accelerator to exploit, expand inwall radius, reduce nozzle acceleration capacity, and abrasive material is penetrated
The erosion depth of stream depends on the tangential velocity of abrasive material, after abrasive grain collides with nozzle contraction wall, its tangential velocity
Reduce, reduce the operating efficiency of abrasive material gas jet.And by boundary layer influence, the axis speed after abrasive material, fluid delivery nozzle
Degree radially exponentially reduces.When this can cause the abradant jet to impact target body, radial edges impact kinetic energy be not enough to provide plus
Energy needed for work, i.e., effective erosion radius are small.Above two phenomenon seriously constrains the popularization and application of abradant jet industrially.
(2)When being processed operation using rotating jet, it may appear that capacity usage ratio is low, and target body material damage shape is not advised
Then situations such as.Under the action of the centrifugal force, rotating jet flow field characteristic is different from conventional fluidic, and its speed and pressure spikes area are formed
In the certain limit away from jet axis, central jet section is energy weak area.Jet energy close quarters is to radial edges
Position is deviateed, and can reduce capacity usage ratio and conversion ratio, and central energy is weak, and the erosion of target body material can be caused to cheat and convex occur
Taper, it is unfavorable for the accurate processing to material.
The content of the invention
A kind of the present invention is intended to provide good device and the side that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet of using effect
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides following technical scheme:One kind is subtracted using rotary abrasive jet
The device of few nozzle wear, including the first pressure duct, the second pressure duct, diversion division, mixing unit and nozzle;Diversion division includes
Water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and the gas delivery channels being socketed on inside water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder, it is pre- between water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and gas delivery channels
Gap is left, spiral guide vane is provided with gap, guide vane is set along gas delivery channels length direction;Water conservancy diversion
Blade is connected with water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder inwall and gas delivery channels outer wall;First pressure duct connects with gas delivery channels;The
Two pressure ducts connect with gap;Mixing unit includes hybrid chamber, and hybrid chamber front end connects with gap and gas delivery channels;Nozzle
Located at hybrid chamber end.
The internal diameter of nozzle is first gradually reduced, keeps constant, then gradually increase afterwards afterwards in the past.
Mixing unit also includes being connected to the preceding ring pipe at hybrid chamber both ends and rear ring pipe, and water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder is located at preceding annular
In pipe;Preceding annular inside pipe wall is provided with neck, and water conservancy diversion, which is fixed on drum outer wall, coordinates neck to be provided with fixture block, and fixture block is arranged in neck
It is interior;Ring pipe is connected with nozzle afterwards.
First pressure duct includes preceding horizontal tube, tipping tube and the rear horizontal tube being sequentially connected;Preceding horizontal tube is located at second
On the outside of pressure duct;Tipping tube is inserted in the second pressure duct, and rear horizontal tube is located in the second pressure duct;Second high-voltage tube
Lu Yuhou horizontal tubes are concentric.
Tipping tube and the second pressure duct weld.
Hybrid chamber internal diameter is gradually reduced afterwards in the past.
Gas delivery channels and the junction of rear horizontal tube are provided with sealing ring.
Mixing unit also includes mixing drum, and preceding ring pipe, hybrid chamber and rear ring pipe are in mixing drum;Second high-voltage tube
Road rear portion coordinates mixing drum to be provided with link slot, and mixing drum front portion is connected in link slot.
A kind of method that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet carried out using said apparatus, this method are wrapped successively
Include following steps:
(1)The assembling of device:First, the second pressure duct and tipping tube are welded, before diversion division is connected in ring pipe;So
Afterwards, the front portion of mixing unit is socketed in the second pressure duct, set between the first pressure duct and gas delivery channels close
Seal;Finally, nozzle and rear ring pipe are socketed, complete assembling;
(2)Device is connected with external devices:The high pressure hard grind stream body conveying system and first of the hard abrasive of high pressure will be provided
The preceding horizontal tube connection of pressure duct, it will thus provide the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid delivery system and the second high pressure of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid
The front end connection of pipeline;Wherein, less than 0.45, the hardness ratio of hard grind material and nozzle is more than the hardness of soft abrasiye and nozzle ratio
0.45;
(3)Start jet:First, the hard abrasive of high pressure sequentially enters gas transmission pipeline and hybrid chamber from the first pressure duct
In;Meanwhile high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is entered in gap by the second pressure duct, the water conservancy diversion of guide vane is passed through in gap
Form rotating jet and enter hybrid chamber;Then, in hybrid chamber, high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is under the action of the centrifugal force along hybrid chamber
With in spiral yarn shaped flow nozzle;The hard abrasive of high pressure is in the cavity of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid formation, is accelerated vertically
Motion;The final hard abrasive of high pressure and high pressure soft abrasiye fluid spray from nozzle.
The mixing ratio ratio of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid and the hard abrasive of high pressure is:0.8.
By above technical scheme, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Device of the present invention can reduce abrasion of the abradant jet to nozzle, improve the operating efficiency of abradant jet.Compare
More existing abradant jet technology, the present invention conveys two kinds by the first pressure duct and the second pressure duct has heterogeneity
Abrasive grain, wherein hard grind material is directly delivered at hybrid chamber center by the first pressure duct by gas transmission pipeline;
Soft abrasiye forms rotating jet by guide vane wheel, under the action of the centrifugal force along before mixing cavity wall and nozzle contraction section spiral
Enter, collided when hard grind is expected up to nozzle with hard grind material, reduce hard grind material and contacted with the direct of nozzle contraction wall, so as to
Reduce the abrasion of nozzle;Simultaneously as hard grind material is not stopped by guide vane, axial velocity be affected it is smaller, can
Stronger impact is formed with the energy weak area formed to rotating jet, and then improves the operating efficiency of rotary abrasive jet.Separately
Outside, the device can greatly prolong the service life of nozzle, simple in construction, reduce labor workload, reduce jet operation
Cost.
Method of the present invention by adding soft, hard two kinds of abrasive materials simultaneously in fluidic system, by controlling soft abrasiye
With the hardness of hard grind material, while the flow and speed of soft abrasiye and hard grind material are controlled, ensure that soft abrasiye is cut along nozzle inner walls
To screw, protection nozzle act is played, hard grind material accelerates vertically, improves rotating jet operating efficiency, and then
Abrasion of the abradant jet to nozzle can be reduced by method of the present invention, improve the operating efficiency of abradant jet.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is mixing unit structural representation;
Fig. 3 is diversion division structural representation;
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 left view.
Embodiment
A kind of device that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet, as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 4, including the first pressure duct 1,
Second pressure duct 2, diversion division 3, mixing unit 4 and nozzle 5.
In the present embodiment, front and rear definition mode is:Along abrasive material gas jet direction for from front to back.
Wherein, diversion division 3 includes water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31 and the gas delivery channels 33 being socketed on inside water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31,
Gap 35 is reserved between water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31 and gas delivery channels 33, spiral guide vane is provided with gap 35
32, guide vane 32 is set along the length direction of gas delivery channels 33;Guide vane 32 and the inwall of water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31 and gas
The outer wall of transfer passage 33 connects.Guide vane 32 is used for generating ring rotation fluid, makes fluid in the inwall of hybrid chamber 22 along spiral
Line advances.
First pressure duct includes preceding horizontal tube 11, tipping tube 12 and the rear horizontal tube 13 being sequentially connected, preceding horizontal tube 11
The high pressure that front end connection provides the hard abrasive of high pressure answers abrasive induction system;Preceding horizontal tube 11 is located at the second pressure duct
2 outsides;Tipping tube 12 is inserted in the second pressure duct 2, meanwhile, tipping tube 12 welds with the second pressure duct 2.Horizontal tube afterwards
13 are located in the second pressure duct 2;Second pressure duct 2 and rear horizontal tube 13 are concentric, so as to ensure that the hard abrasive of high pressure exists
In hybrid chamber 22 in the cavity that high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is formed.
Horizontal tube 13 is connected with gas delivery channels 33 afterwards, and gas delivery channels 33 and the junction of rear horizontal tube 13 are provided with
Sealing ring, so as to prevent gas from leaking.The hard abrasive of high pressure is entered in gas delivery channels 33 from the first pressure duct.
The front end connection of second pressure duct 2 provides the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid delivery system of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid, the
The rear end of two pressure ducts 2 connects with gap 35, and the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid come out from the second pressure duct 2 enters gap 35
It is interior, form spiral air flow in the presence of guide vane 32.
Mixing unit 4 includes hybrid chamber 22, and the internal diameter of hybrid chamber 22 is gradually reduced afterwards in the past, so as to realize high pressure hard grind stream
The acceleration of body.The front end of hybrid chamber 22 connects with gap 35 and gas delivery channels 33;Nozzle 5 is located at the end of hybrid chamber 22, nozzle 5
Internal diameter in the past after be first gradually reduced, keep afterwards it is constant, then gradually increase, so as to entering the stream in nozzle 5
Body is accelerated, and improves operating efficiency.
The hard abrasive of high pressure and high pressure soft abrasiye fluid respectively from gas delivery channels 33 and gap 35 out is equal
Enter in hybrid chamber 22, the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid in contorted fluid that guide vane 32 generates is on the inwall edge of hybrid chamber 22
Helix advances;And the hard abrasive of high pressure advances in the cavity that high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is formed in axis.
For the ease of connection, the both ends of hybrid chamber 22 are respectively equipped with preceding ring pipe 21 and rear ring pipe 23, water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31
In preceding ring pipe 21;Neck is provided with the preceding inwall of ring pipe 21, coordinates neck to be provided with card on the outer wall of water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder 31
Block 34, fixture block 34 is arranged in neck, easy to connect, and dismounting is easy;Ring pipe 23 is connected with nozzle 5 afterwards.
For the ease of the connection of the pressure duct 2 of mixing unit 4 and second, mixing unit 4 also includes mixing drum 6, preceding ring pipe 21,
Hybrid chamber 22 and rear ring pipe 23 are in mixing drum 6;The rear portion of second pressure duct 2 coordinates mixing drum 6 to be provided with link slot, mixes
Close the front portion of cylinder 6 to be connected in link slot, mixing drum 6 is anterior easy with link slot clamping, convenient disassembly, assembling.
The present invention conveys two kinds by the first pressure duct and the second pressure duct 2 has abrasive grain of different nature.
Wherein hard grind material is directly delivered at the center of hybrid chamber 22 by the first pressure duct by the gas transmission pipeline of diversion division 3;
Soft abrasiye forms rotating jet by guide vane wheel, under the action of the centrifugal force along the inwall of hybrid chamber 22 and the contraction section spiral of nozzle 5
Advance, soft abrasiye collides when hard grind is expected up to nozzle 5 with hard grind material, reduces hard grind material and shrinks the straight of wall with nozzle 5
Contact, so as to reduce the abrasion of nozzle 5.Simultaneously as hard grind material is not stopped by guide vane, axial velocity by
Influence it is smaller, stronger impact can be formed to the energy weak area that rotating jet is formed, so as to improve rotary abrasive jet
Operating efficiency.In addition, the present apparatus can greatly prolong the service life of nozzle 5, and it is simple in construction, reduce labor workload,
Reduce jet operating cost.
The invention also discloses a kind of side that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet carried out using said apparatus
Method, this method in turn include the following steps:
(1)The assembling of device:First, the second pressure duct and tipping tube are welded, before diversion division is connected in ring pipe;So
Afterwards, the front portion of mixing unit is socketed in the second pressure duct, set between the first pressure duct and gas delivery channels close
Seal;Finally, nozzle and rear ring pipe are socketed, complete assembling;
(2)Device is connected with external devices:The high pressure hard grind stream body conveying system and first of the hard abrasive of high pressure will be provided
The preceding horizontal tube connection of pressure duct, it will thus provide the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid delivery system and the second high pressure of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid
The front end connection of pipeline;Wherein, less than 0.45, the hardness ratio of hard grind material and nozzle is more than the hardness of soft abrasiye and nozzle ratio
0.45;
(3)Start jet:First, the hard abrasive of high pressure sequentially enters gas transmission pipeline and hybrid chamber from the first pressure duct
In;Meanwhile high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is entered in gap by the second pressure duct, the water conservancy diversion of guide vane is passed through in gap
Form rotating jet and enter hybrid chamber;Then, in hybrid chamber, high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is under the action of the centrifugal force along hybrid chamber
With in spiral yarn shaped flow nozzle;The hard abrasive of high pressure is in the cavity of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid formation, is accelerated vertically
Motion;The final hard abrasive of high pressure and high pressure soft abrasiye fluid spray from nozzle.
During jet, the mixing ratio ratio of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid and the hard abrasive of high pressure is:0.8.
Method of the present invention adds soft, hard two kinds of abrasive materials simultaneously in fluidic system, by controlling soft abrasiye and hard
The hardness of abrasive material, while the flow of soft abrasiye and hard grind material is controlled, ensure that soft abrasiye moves along nozzle inner walls as tangential screw, rise
To protection nozzle act, hard grind material accelerates vertically, improves rotating jet operating efficiency, and then by of the present invention
Method can reduce abrasion of the abradant jet to nozzle, improve the operating efficiency of abradant jet.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. device that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet, it is characterised in that:Including the first pressure duct, second Pressure duct, diversion division, mixing unit and nozzle;Diversion division includes water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and the gas being socketed on inside water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder Transfer passage, gap is reserved between water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder and gas delivery channels, spiral guide vane is provided with gap, Guide vane is set along gas delivery channels length direction;Guide vane and water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder inwall and gas delivery channels outer wall Connection;First pressure duct connects with gas delivery channels;Second pressure duct connects with gap;Mixing unit includes hybrid chamber, Hybrid chamber front end connects with gap and gas delivery channels;Nozzle is located at hybrid chamber end.
- 2. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Nozzle it is interior Footpath is first gradually reduced, keeps constant, then gradually increase afterwards afterwards in the past.
- 3. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:Mixing unit is also Including the preceding ring pipe for being connected to hybrid chamber both ends and rear ring pipe, water conservancy diversion fixed cylinder is in preceding ring pipe;In preceding ring pipe Wall is provided with neck, and water conservancy diversion, which is fixed on drum outer wall, coordinates neck to be provided with fixture block, and fixture block is arranged in neck;Ring pipe and nozzle afterwards Connection.
- 4. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:First high pressure Pipeline includes preceding horizontal tube, tipping tube and the rear horizontal tube being sequentially connected;Preceding horizontal tube is located on the outside of the second pressure duct;Tilt Pipe is inserted in the second pressure duct, and rear horizontal tube is located in the second pressure duct;Second pressure duct and rear horizontal tube are concentric.
- 5. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:Tipping tube with Second pressure duct welds.
- 6. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:In hybrid chamber Footpath is gradually reduced afterwards in the past.
- 7. the device of nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:Gas conveys The junction of passage and rear horizontal tube is provided with sealing ring.
- 8. the device that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as described in claim 1 to 7 any one, its feature are existed In:Mixing unit also includes mixing drum, and preceding ring pipe, hybrid chamber and rear ring pipe are in mixing drum;After second pressure duct Portion coordinates mixing drum to be provided with link slot, and mixing drum front portion is connected in link slot.
- 9. a kind of method that nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet that device using described in claim 8 is carried out, its It is characterised by:This method in turn includes the following steps:(1)The assembling of device:First, the second pressure duct and tipping tube are welded, before diversion division is connected in ring pipe;So Afterwards, the front portion of mixing unit is socketed in the second pressure duct, set between the first pressure duct and gas delivery channels close Seal;Finally, nozzle and rear ring pipe are socketed, complete assembling;(2)Device is connected with external devices:The high pressure hard grind stream body conveying system and first of the hard abrasive of high pressure will be provided The preceding horizontal tube connection of pressure duct, it will thus provide the high pressure soft abrasiye fluid delivery system and the second high pressure of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid The front end connection of pipeline;Wherein, less than 0.45, the hardness ratio of hard grind material and nozzle is more than the hardness of soft abrasiye and nozzle ratio 0.45;(3)Start jet:First, the hard abrasive of high pressure sequentially enters gas transmission pipeline and hybrid chamber from the first pressure duct In;Meanwhile high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is entered in gap by the second pressure duct, the water conservancy diversion of guide vane is passed through in gap Form rotating jet and enter hybrid chamber;Then, in hybrid chamber, high pressure soft abrasiye fluid is under the action of the centrifugal force along hybrid chamber With in spiral yarn shaped flow nozzle;The hard abrasive of high pressure is in the cavity of high pressure soft abrasiye fluid formation, is accelerated vertically Motion;The final hard abrasive of high pressure and high pressure soft abrasiye fluid spray from nozzle.
- 10. the method for nozzle wear is reduced using rotary abrasive jet as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that:High pressure is soft The mixing ratio ratio of abrasive and the hard abrasive of high pressure is:0.8.
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Cited By (1)
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WO2022070133A1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-07 | Nigel Richard Farrow | An insert for use in dry blasting |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022070133A1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-07 | Nigel Richard Farrow | An insert for use in dry blasting |
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