CN107694771B - Adjustable gravity center counterweight device of geotechnical centrifuge - Google Patents
Adjustable gravity center counterweight device of geotechnical centrifuge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107694771B CN107694771B CN201711124604.7A CN201711124604A CN107694771B CN 107694771 B CN107694771 B CN 107694771B CN 201711124604 A CN201711124604 A CN 201711124604A CN 107694771 B CN107694771 B CN 107694771B
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- screw rod
- bearing
- nut
- gravity center
- geotechnical centrifuge
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
- B04B9/14—Balancing rotary bowls ; Schrappers
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- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity center adjustable counterweight device of a geotechnical centrifuge, which belongs to the field of geotechnical centrifuges, wherein the gravity center adjustable counterweight device and the geotechnical centrifuge can be fixed through a flange on a bracket, are designed into a detachable structure, and can be driven by a remote control motor to adjust the position of a mass block under the dynamic or static condition of the geotechnical centrifuge so as to realize balance adjustment; the bidirectional balance adjustment can be realized, namely, the mass block can reciprocate along the length direction of the screw rod, and the influence of the self-configuration change of the model on the whole balance of the equipment in the test process can be overcome; balance adjustment of different scales and ranges of the geotechnical centrifuge can be realized by changing the mass blocks; the device can be used on a basket type centrifuge or a platform type centrifuge, and is extremely convenient to install.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical centrifuges, and particularly relates to a gravity center adjustable counterweight device of a geotechnical centrifuge.
Background
The geotechnical centrifuge is mainly used for experimental study of slope strength, dam body breaking, novel ocean platform, geotechnical structure earthquake response and the like in geotechnical mechanics. In order to ensure that the main shaft of the geotechnical centrifuge is subjected to small unbalanced resultant force in the operation process, the geotechnical centrifuge is usually trimmed before operation.
The balancing device is used as an independent subsystem for carrying out independent design when the main machine of the centrifugal machine is designed, and the balancing device has the advantage of carrying out matching design according to the scale of the centrifugal machine and the like.
The design of the static balancing device mainly comprises the following schemes:
Scheme one: the centrifuge rotating arm is an unequal length rotating arm, a tension belt of the centrifuge is manufactured into a screw rod structure at the short arm end, a synchronous pulley structure with an inner hole formed by a nut matched with the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod, and the pulley is connected with the motor through the synchronous belt; the pre-designed fixed counterweight mass block is arranged on the belt pulley; before the centrifugal machine runs, the movement distance of the counterweight mass block is obtained by reading and calculating the reading of the rocker force transducer in the middle of the rotating arm, and the belt wheel rotates by running the motor, so that the counterweight mass can move along the radial direction of the rotating arm, and the purpose of balancing the centrifugal machine is achieved.
Scheme II: the screw-nut structure is adopted, the fixed counterweight mass block is arranged on the nut, the unbalance amount is read through the force transducer before the centrifugal machine operates, the adjustment distance of the mass block is obtained, and then the hand wheel is shifted by manpower, so that balancing is realized.
Scheme III: test models and main counterweights are respectively arranged in hanging baskets at two ends of the geotechnical vibration centrifugal rotating arm, and a screw rod nut kinematic pair driven by a motor is arranged at the periphery of the middle part of the rotating arm to drive balancing masses to move, so that balance in the running process of the centrifugal machine is realized.
Scheme IV: a balance weight water tank is arranged in a hanging basket at one end of a rotating arm of the centrifugal machine, a water discharging controller, an electromagnetic valve, a flowmeter and the like are arranged at the middle part of the rotating arm of the centrifugal machine, and when the centrifugal machine operates, the control of the water storage capacity in the water tank is realized through opening and closing the electromagnetic valve, so that balancing of the centrifugal machine is realized.
The disadvantages of the above design are: according to the scheme I and the scheme II, the balancing structure of the centrifugal machine and the centrifugal machine main body are not separable, and balance adjustment can be performed only under a static condition; the third scheme is that the design concept is based on correction and expansion of the balance state of the centrifugal machine, so that the adjustment amount is smaller; the fourth scheme is that only water injection can be carried out, and a water circulation system is not realized, so that only unidirectional balance adjustment can be realized, and the method is incapable of changing the balance state caused by model barycenter change due to model collapse, structural damage and the like in a test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide the gravity center adjustable counterweight device of the geotechnical centrifuge.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
An adjustable center of gravity counterweight device for a geotechnical centrifuge, comprising:
The support is of a cylindrical cage structure, and one end of the support is provided with a flange for fixedly connecting with the centrifugal machine;
the screw rod is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged at the other end of the bracket through a bearing mechanism, the bearing mechanism comprises a bearing seat and a bearing, the bearing is clamped between the screw rod and the bearing seat, the bearing seat is fixedly provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide rods, the guide rods are arranged along the length direction of the screw rod, the nut is sleeved on the guide rods and can reciprocate, the screw rod is coaxial with the bracket, and the inner cylindrical surface of the screw rod is provided with transmission threads;
The nut is of a cylindrical structure arranged in the screw rod, a transmission thread is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the nut, a counterweight mounting hole is arranged at the circle center position of the nut, and the transmission thread of the nut is meshed with the transmission thread of the screw rod;
the mass block is of a cylindrical structure and is clamped in the counterweight mounting hole of the nut, and a detachable fixed connection structure is arranged between the mass block and the nut;
the gear ring is sleeved on the screw rod and positioned in a circumferential direction relative to the screw rod;
a gear engaged with the ring gear;
And the motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and the gear is arranged at the rotating end of the motor.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, bearing mechanism includes bearing frame and bearing, the bearing cartridge in the lead screw with between the bearing frame, bearing frame fixed mounting has a plurality of guide arms that are parallel to each other, the guide arm is arranged along lead screw length direction, the nut cover is in on the guide arm and can reciprocating motion.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, the bearing frame has two, and one of them bearing frame is fixed on the support, the both ends of lead screw and two the bearing frame all is provided with echelonment bearing installation face, the both ends of lead screw and two all block the bearing between the bearing frame, the both ends of guide arm are fixed in respectively two on the bearing frame.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, the bearing frame comprises big annular portion, middle drum portion and little annular portion that connect gradually, little annular portion's external diameter the external diameter of middle drum portion, big annular portion's internal diameter all equals, a plurality of guide arm mounting holes that are used for installing the guide arm have been seted up to little annular portion.
As a technical scheme of this patent choice, the both ends of lead screw are provided with bearing protecting cover and transmission protecting cover respectively, the gear with the ring gear encapsulation is in the transmission protecting cover, the lead screw is kept away from the bearing encapsulation of the one end of support is in the bearing protecting cover.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, the outer ring face welding of support has the motor mount pad, the motor passes through bolt fixed connection motor mount pad.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, the inboard of support is provided with a plurality of strengthening ribs.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, in the counter weight mounting hole of nut with the face of cylinder of quality piece all is processed has the ladder installation face, the ladder installation face of quality piece supports and leans on the ladder installation face of nut.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The centrifugal mass block is fixed with the centrifugal machine through a flange on the bracket, is of a detachable structural design, and can be driven by a remote control motor to adjust the position of the mass block under the dynamic or static condition of the centrifugal machine so as to realize balance adjustment; the bidirectional balance adjustment can be realized, namely, the mass block can reciprocate along the length direction of the screw rod, and the influence of the self-configuration change of the model on the whole balance of the equipment in the test process can be overcome; balance adjustment of different scales and ranges of the geotechnical centrifuge can be realized by changing the mass blocks; the device can be used on a basket type centrifuge or a platform type centrifuge, and is extremely convenient to install.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the static application of the geotechnical centrifuge adjustable center of gravity weighting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic application of the geotechnical centrifuge adjustable center of gravity weighting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the geotechnical centrifuge adjustable center of gravity counterweight device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a lead screw according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a bearing housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a stent according to the present invention;
In the figure: 1-adjustable gravity center counterweight device, 2-centrifuge rotating arm, 3-test model, 11-bearing protecting cover, 12-bearing, 13-transmission protecting cover, 14-gear, 15-motor, 16-gear ring, 17-mass block, 18-guide rod, 19-bracket, 120-bearing seat, 121-nut, 122-screw rod, 123-guide rod mounting hole and 124-motor mounting table.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in connection with fig. 1, 2, 3, 4,5 and 6, the present invention includes the following structures:
The support 19 is of a cylindrical cage structure, and one end of the support 19 is provided with a flange for fixedly connecting with the centrifugal machine;
The screw rod 122 is of a cylindrical structure which is arranged at the other end of the bracket 19 through a bearing mechanism, the bearing mechanism comprises a bearing seat 20 and a bearing 12, the bearing 12 is clamped between the screw rod 122 and the bearing seat 20, the bearing seat 20 is fixedly provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide rods 18, the guide rods 18 are arranged along the length direction of the screw rod 122, a nut 121 is sleeved on the guide rods 18 and can reciprocate, the screw rod 122 is coaxial with the bracket 19, and the inner cylindrical surface of the screw rod 122 is provided with transmission threads;
the nut 121 is of a cylindrical structure arranged in the screw rod 122, a transmission thread is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the nut 121, a counterweight mounting hole is arranged at the circle center position of the nut, step mounting surfaces are machined in the counterweight mounting hole of the nut 121 and the cylindrical surface of the mass block 17, the step mounting surface of the mass block 17 is abutted against the step mounting surface of the nut 121, and the transmission thread of the nut 121 is meshed with the transmission thread of the screw rod 122;
the mass block 17, the mass block 17 is of a cylindrical structure, is clamped in a counterweight mounting hole of the nut 121, and is of a detachable fixed connection structure between the mass block 17 and the nut 121;
The gear ring 16 is sleeved on the screw rod 122, and is positioned in a circumferential direction relative to the screw rod 122;
A gear 14, the gear 14 being meshed with the ring gear 16;
A motor 15 fixedly mounted on the bracket 19, and a gear 14 mounted on a rotating end of the motor 15.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, bearing frame 20 has two, and one of them bearing frame 20 is fixed on support 19, and the both ends of lead screw 122 and two bearing frames 20 all are provided with echelonment bearing mounting face, and the both ends of lead screw 122 and two bearing frames 20 between all block have the bearing, and the both ends of guide arm 18 are fixed in respectively on two bearing frames 20.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, bearing frame 20 comprises big annular portion, middle drum portion and little annular portion that connect gradually, and the external diameter of little annular portion, the external diameter of middle drum portion, the internal diameter of big annular portion all equal, and this structure is constituteed and is formed the bearing installation face, the installation of the bearing of being convenient for, and little annular portion has been seted up a plurality of guide arm mounting holes 123 that are used for installing guide arm 18 to realize the fixed of guide arm 18.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, two ends of the screw rod 122 are respectively provided with a bearing protecting cover 11 and a transmission protecting cover 13, the gear 14 and the gear ring 16 are packaged in the transmission protecting cover 13, and a bearing of one end of the screw rod 122, which is far away from the bracket 19, is packaged in the bearing protecting cover 11.
As an alternative solution of this patent, the outer ring surface of the bracket 19 is welded with a motor mounting table 124, and the motor 15 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting table 124 through bolts.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, the inboard of support 19 is provided with a plurality of strengthening ribs to improve the intensity of support 19, prolong its life.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
after the test model 3 is installed on the centrifugal machine, the gravity center adjustable counterweight device 1 is installed at the end of the rotary arm 2 of the centrifugal machine opposite to the test model 3, the installation of the rotary arm structure with equal length is shown in fig. 1, and the running state is shown in fig. 2.
The gravity center adjustable counterweight device 1 is an independent self-forming system structure, and the composition of the gravity center adjustable counterweight device is shown in fig. 3.
Before the adjustable gravity center counterweight device 1 is installed on a centrifugal machine, the mass block 17 is driven by the motor 15 to return to an initial setting position (generally at the middle part of the travel), and then the adjustable gravity center counterweight device is installed on the centrifugal machine.
According to the measurement result of the unbalanced load cell of the centrifugal machine, the motor 15 is started, the motor 15 drives the gear 14 and then drives the gear ring 16 to rotate, so that the screw rod 122 rotates; the screw rod 122 drives the mass block 17 arranged on the matched nut 121 to axially move in the rotating process, so that the primary leveling of the centrifugal machine is realized. After the centrifugal machine is started and before gradually running to a working g value section, the system sends an instruction to whether the mass block 17 needs to be moved or not according to the measurement and calculation result of the unbalance force measurement sensor, so that automatic balancing can be realized; at this time, the motor 15 can be used for responding early, and the large fluctuation of the unbalanced force in the continuous speed-up process of the equipment can be avoided.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An adjustable center of gravity counterweight device for a geotechnical centrifuge, comprising:
The support is of a cylindrical cage structure, and one end of the support is provided with a flange for fixedly connecting with the centrifugal machine;
The screw rod is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged at the other end of the bracket through a bearing mechanism, the bearing mechanism comprises a bearing seat and a bearing, the bearing is clamped between the screw rod and the bearing seat, the bearing seat is fixedly provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide rods, the guide rods are arranged along the length direction of the screw rod, a nut is sleeved on the guide rods and can reciprocate, the screw rod is coaxial with the bracket, and the inner cylindrical surface of the screw rod is provided with transmission threads;
The nut is of a cylindrical structure arranged in the screw rod, a transmission thread is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the nut, a counterweight mounting hole is arranged at the circle center position of the nut, and the transmission thread of the nut is meshed with the transmission thread of the screw rod;
the mass block is of a cylindrical structure and is clamped in the counterweight mounting hole of the nut, and a detachable fixed connection structure is arranged between the mass block and the nut;
the gear ring is sleeved on the screw rod and positioned in a circumferential direction relative to the screw rod;
a gear engaged with the ring gear;
And the motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and the gear is arranged at the rotating end of the motor.
2. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 1, wherein two bearing seats are provided, one bearing seat is fixed on the support, two ends of the screw rod and the two bearing seats are provided with stepped bearing mounting surfaces, bearings are clamped between two ends of the screw rod and the two bearing seats, and two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed on the two bearing seats.
3. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 2, wherein the bearing seat is composed of a large annular part, a middle cylindrical part and a small annular part which are sequentially connected, the outer diameter of the small annular part, the outer diameter of the middle cylindrical part and the inner diameter of the large annular part are all equal, and the small annular part is provided with a plurality of guide rod mounting holes for mounting guide rods.
4. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 2, wherein two ends of the screw rod are respectively provided with a bearing protecting cover and a transmission protecting cover, the gear and the gear ring are packaged in the transmission protecting cover, and a bearing of one end of the screw rod far away from the bracket is packaged in the bearing protecting cover.
5. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 1, wherein a motor mounting table is welded on the outer ring surface of the support, and the motor is fixedly connected to the motor mounting table through bolts.
6. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner side of the support.
7. The geotechnical centrifuge adjustable gravity center counterweight device according to claim 1, wherein a stepped mounting surface is machined in the counterweight mounting hole of the nut and the cylindrical surface of the mass block, and the stepped mounting surface of the mass block abuts against the stepped mounting surface of the nut.
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CN201711124604.7A CN107694771B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Adjustable gravity center counterweight device of geotechnical centrifuge |
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CN201711124604.7A CN107694771B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Adjustable gravity center counterweight device of geotechnical centrifuge |
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CN107694771B true CN107694771B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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