CN107693098B - Anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system - Google Patents
Anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107693098B CN107693098B CN201711044874.7A CN201711044874A CN107693098B CN 107693098 B CN107693098 B CN 107693098B CN 201711044874 A CN201711044874 A CN 201711044874A CN 107693098 B CN107693098 B CN 107693098B
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000037959 spinal tumor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7062—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
- A61B17/7064—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7074—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
- A61B17/861—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system, which belongs to the technical field of implants in human bodies of medical appliances. The anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system consists of two fixing rods, a bone screw, a locking head, a connecting plate and a locking screw plug; one or more locking heads are respectively and correspondingly arranged on each fixing rod; the corresponding locking heads are connected with each other through a connecting plate; a plurality of bone screws are arranged on the fixing rods at two sides of the locking head through locking screw plugs: the locking head consists of a locking seat and a locking stud; the locking seat is internally provided with a locking stud through threads; a through hole of the fixing rod is arranged in the locking seat below the locking stud. The anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system has reasonable structure and ingenious design; solves the problems of certain loosening risk and inconvenient assembly of locking heads of locking plugs and other parts existing in the prior pedicle screw rod system, and meets the requirement of long-time safe use of patients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system, which belongs to the technical field of implants in human bodies of medical appliances.
Background
The spine is a main bearing structure of a human body, has a complex structure, has the functions of loading, keeping balance and movement of the human body and protecting spinal cord and viscera, and plays an extremely important role in normal physiological activities of the human body. When the spine is severely fractured or has pathological changes such as spinal tumors, the spine structure reconstruction operation is often required to stabilize the spine and maintain daily physiological activities or loads. At present, the spine reconstruction operation adopts more operation modes, but the strongest internal fixation operation mode is generally the internal fixation of a pedicle screw rod system. The existing pedicle screw rod system consists of a fixing rod, a bone screw, a locking head, a connecting plate and a locking screw plug; each fixing rod is respectively provided with a plurality of bone screws through locking screw plugs; in the operation, after the fixing rods and the bone screw are assembled, locking heads are correspondingly arranged on the fixing rods in a hooking mode; the connecting plate is installed through the corresponding locking head; this is applied to enhance the stability of the overall pedicle screw rod system. However, when the locking head and the connecting plate are assembled in this way, the assembly process is complicated, and because of the limitation of the structural reasons of the traditional pedicle screw rod system, under the condition that a human body is subjected to vibration or continuous contraction movement of muscles, the risk of loosening and falling of a locking head screw or a locking screw plug can also occur, and the locking head or a fixing rod and the connecting plate are further caused to fall off, and the falling locking screw plug or the locking head screw, the locking head, the fixing rod and the connecting plate easily cause other diseases in the human body, have great potential safety hazards, and cannot meet the requirement of long-term safe use of patients.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system is simple in structure and reasonable in design, and solves the problems that the locking screw plug, the locking head and other parts existing in the existing pedicle screw rod system are easy to loosen and the locking head is inconvenient to assemble.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system consists of two fixing rods, bone-in screws, locking heads, connecting plates and locking plugs; one or more locking heads are respectively and correspondingly arranged on each fixing rod; the corresponding locking heads are connected with each other through a connecting plate; a plurality of bone screws are arranged on the fixing rods at two sides of the locking head through locking screw plugs; the method is characterized in that: the locking head consists of a locking seat and a locking stud; the locking seat is internally provided with a locking stud through threads; a fixing rod through hole is arranged in the locking seat below the locking stud; a connecting plate through hole is arranged between the fixing rod through hole and the locking stud in a cross shape; the locking heads are movably arranged on the fixing rods through the fixing rod through holes, and the connecting plates penetrate through the connecting plate through holes of the corresponding locking heads and then connect the locking heads with each other; each locking stud is in abutting connection with the connecting plate.
The cross section of the locking stud is approximately in a shape like a Chinese character 'tu'.
The bone screw consists of a screw body and a screw seat, and the screw seat is U-shaped; the lower end of the nail seat is provided with a screw body; the upper end of the nail seat is symmetrically connected with breaking guard arms; the nail seat and the breaking guard arm are internally connected with a locking screw plug through internal threads; the locking screw plug is in abutting connection with the fixing rod.
The top of the locking screw plug is provided with a spanner sleeve hole; the upper end head of the screw tooth of the locking screw plug is provided with a locking opening.
The bottom of the locking screw plug is provided with a locking spring frame.
The top end of the locking screw plug is provided with a round or polygonal locking plate, and the hardness of the round or polygonal locking plate is lower than that of the internal thread of the screw seat.
The middle part of the thread tooth body of the locking plug screw is provided with a locking groove, the upper end of the locking groove extends to the end head of the upper end of the thread, and the lower end of the locking groove is away from the end head of the lower end of the thread by a certain distance.
An arc-shaped pressing plate is arranged between the locking screw plug and the fixing rod; a through step hole is arranged in the locking screw plug; the upper end of the arc-shaped pressing plate is provided with T-shaped clamping columns or symmetrical clamping pins; the bayonet lock or T-shaped bayonet lock column extends to the inside of locking plug after passing through the pore of through-going stepped hole.
The bayonet lock end of arc clamp plate upper end interconnect.
Locking plates are symmetrically arranged at four corners of the arc-shaped pressing plate respectively, and locking ratchets are arranged on the locking plates; locking tooth grooves are correspondingly formed in the side faces of the two sides of the nail seat, and locking ratchets are connected with the locking tooth grooves in an intermittent clamping mode.
A retainer is arranged in the nail seat; the retainer consists of a pressing plate and a door-shaped retainer rod; the bottom end of the pressing plate is provided with a concave arc curved surface; guide lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressing plate; door-shaped retaining rods are symmetrically arranged between the guide lugs; the outer end surface of the door-shaped retaining rod is provided with locking ratchets.
The door-shaped retaining rod has elasticity; the width of the guide support lugs is consistent with the interval between the broken guard arms, and the guide support lugs are in sliding connection with the broken guard arms and the nail seat.
The locking screw plug is movably arranged in the door-shaped retaining rod of the retainer, the U-shaped inner vertical surface of the nail seat is provided with a locking tooth socket, and the locking tooth socket and the locking ratchet are mutually corresponding and are intermittently clamped and connected.
The retainer consists of a pressing plate, a limiting plate and a locking plate; the bottom end of the pressing plate is provided with a concave arc curved surface; guide lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressing plate; limiting plates are arranged on each guide lug; locking plates are arranged on two sides of each guide lug, and locking ratchets are arranged on the locking plates; locking tooth grooves are correspondingly formed in the side faces of the two sides of the nail seat, and locking ratchets are connected with the locking tooth grooves in an intermittent clamping mode.
The locking plate has elasticity, and the inner side of the upper end of the locking plate is provided with a release inclined plane.
The locking screw plug is movably arranged below the retainer limiting plate, and an extrusion hole is formed in or not formed in the pressing plate below the locking screw plug; the locking screw plug is a stepped shaft type; the thin end of the locking screw plug extends into the extrusion hole.
The radian of the concave arc curved surface is consistent with that of the circumferential surface of the fixed rod.
The screw body is fixedly connected with the screw seat.
The upper end of the screw body is provided with a rotary ball head; the top of the rotary ball head is provided with a spanner sleeve hole; after the screw part of the screw body passes through the screw seat, the rotary ball head is movably connected with the screw seat; the internal thread of the nail seat above the rotary ball head is connected with a limiting block.
The limiting block is U-shaped, and a through hole is formed in the limiting block; the through hole is movably connected with the rotary ball head.
The lower end of the screw body is provided with a fastening opening.
One or more locking heads are arranged on one fixing rod; the other fixing rod is correspondingly provided with a pressing plate locking head; the pressing plate locking head is connected with the locking head through a connecting plate.
The pressing plate locking head consists of a pressing plate locking seat, a locking bolt and a connecting plate; the pressing plate locking seat is hollow and bent and has elasticity; one end of the pressing plate locking seat is provided with a connecting plate jack; a connecting plate is movably arranged in the connecting plate jack; a pressing hole is formed in the pressing plate locking seat; the pressing holes are communicated with the jacks of the connecting plate in a crossing way; the upper end of the pressing plate locking head is provided with a bolt counter bore; a locking bolt is arranged in the bolt counter bore; a threaded hole is formed in the pressing plate locking seat below the bolt counter bore; the locking bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole.
The head end of the connecting plate extends to the outer end of the connecting plate jack; the clamp plate locking seat at connecting plate tail end is provided with the pilot hole, and the tail end of connecting plate is expanded, and the external diameter of the expanded part of connecting plate tail end is less than or equal to the internal diameter of pilot hole, and the external diameter of the expanded part of connecting plate tail end is greater than the internal diameter of connecting plate jack, and the expanded part of connecting plate tail end is movably limited in the pilot hole.
The invention has the advantages that:
the anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system has reasonable structure and ingenious design; on the basis of the traditional screw rod system, various modes for preventing the locking screw plug and other parts from loosening and falling off and redesigning the locking head are designed, so that the fixing rod is ensured to be stably fixed on the bone screw all the time under the condition that the normal use of the screw rod system is not affected, the assembly steps of the locking head are simplified, the problems that the locking screw plug and other parts of the traditional pedicle screw rod system have certain loosening risks and the locking head is inconvenient to assemble are solved, and the requirement of long-time safe use of a patient is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention in the direction A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the bone screw of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw body and the screw seat of the present invention when they are movably connected;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw body of the present invention in front view and in top view with a rotatable ball disposed at the upper end thereof;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a stopper according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the locking screw of the present invention in a front view and in a top view;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a locking plug screw with a locking opening provided at the upper end of the screw;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a locking screw plug with a locking spring frame at the bottom end;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking spring frame of the locking plug screw when pressed;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking screw plug with a polygonal locking tab at the top end thereof;
FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of the locking screw plug of FIG. 13 according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a structure in which a locking groove is provided in the middle of most of the screw teeth of the locking plug;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking screw plug and the arcuate pressure plate;
FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking screw plug and arcuate pressure plate of FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking screw plug and arcuate pressure plate of FIG. 16;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the bayonet of FIG. 17 when the bayonet is spread;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the bayonet ends on the arcuate pressure plate when connected to one another;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the bayonet lock of FIG. 20;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of the arc-shaped pressing plate with T-shaped clamping posts;
FIG. 23 is a schematic top view of the nail holder with the locking plate disposed on the arcuate pressure plate;
FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking screw plug and locking plate disposed on the arcuate pressure plate;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of an axial measurement structure when a locking plate is arranged on an arc-shaped pressing plate;
FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking screw plug and locking plate disposed on the arcuate pressure plate;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of an axial measurement structure of the arc-shaped pressing plate with a locking plate;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the structure of the nail holder with the retainer inside;
FIG. 29 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 28;
FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction B-B in FIG. 29;
FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the structure of the cage of the present invention;
FIG. 32 is a schematic top view of the nail holder with the locking plate disposed on the holder;
FIG. 33 is a schematic view of the structure of the retainer consisting of a pressure plate, a limiting plate and a locking plate;
FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure of the retainer and locking plug when the compression holes are formed in the compression plate;
FIG. 35 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction C-C in FIG. 34;
FIG. 36 is a schematic top view of the present invention with a platen lock head;
FIG. 37 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction D-D in FIG. 36;
FIG. 38 is a schematic top view of E-E of FIG. 37;
fig. 39 is a schematic structural view of a platen lock holder according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the locking device comprises a fixing rod, 2, a screw body, 3, a locking plug screw, 4, a nail seat, 5, a breaking protecting arm, 6, a spanner sleeve hole, 7, a locking opening, 8, a locking spring frame, 9, a polygonal locking plate, 10, a locking groove, 11, an arc-shaped pressing plate, 12, a through stepped hole, 13, a clamping pin, 14, a pressing plate, 15, a portal-shaped retaining rod, 16, a guiding lug, 17, a locking ratchet, 18, a limiting plate, 19, a rotating ball head, 20, a limiting block, 21, a through hole, 22, a fastening opening, 23, a locking seat, 24, a connecting plate, 25, a locking stud, 26, a fixing rod through hole, 27, a connecting plate through hole, 28, a T-shaped clamping column, 29, a locking plate, 30, an assembly plate, 31, a release inclined plane, 32, a pressing hole, 33, a pressing plate locking seat, 34, a locking bolt, 35, a connecting plate insertion hole, 36, a pressing hole, 37, a bolt, a counter bore, 38 and an assembly hole.
Detailed Description
The anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system consists of two fixing rods 1, bone-in screws, locking heads, connecting plates 24 and locking screw plugs 3; one or more locking heads are respectively and correspondingly arranged on each fixing rod 1.
The locking head consists of a locking seat 23 and a locking stud 25; the locking seat 23 is internally provided with a locking stud 25 in a threaded manner; the cross section of the locking stud 25 is approximately "convex" (see fig. 3 of the description). The purpose of positioning the locking stud 25 as such is to: the locking stud 25 is limited in the locking seat 23 by the thick end part thereof, thereby avoiding the occurrence of an accident that the locking stud 25 falls off from the locking seat 23.
A fixing rod through hole 26 is arranged in the locking seat 23 below the locking stud 25; a connecting plate through hole 27 is arranged between the fixing rod through hole 26 and the locking stud 25 in a cross shape; the locking head is movably arranged on the fixed rod 1 through the fixed rod through hole 26. When the locking head is arranged, the locking head can be assembled on the fixing rod 1 before operation, so that the problem that the locking head is assembled on the fixing rod 1 in a hooking way after the bone screw and the fixing rod 1 are assembled in the prior art is solved, the assembling step is simplified, and the problem that the locking head falls off from the fixing rod 1 is solved.
In operation, after the bone screw and the fixing rod 1 are assembled, the corresponding locking heads on each fixing rod 1 are adjusted to the corresponding positions only in a sliding mode, then, the connecting plates 24 are screwed down after passing through the connecting plate through holes 27 of the corresponding locking heads, so that each locking stud 25 is in abutting connection with the connecting plates 24, and the connecting plates 24 and the fixing rods 1 are pressed. After the connecting plates are assembled, the connecting plates connect the fixing rods 1 into a whole, so that the stability of the whole anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system is improved (see figure 3 of the specification).
As an improvement of the invention, one fixing rod 1 is provided with one or more locking heads; the other fixing rod is correspondingly provided with a pressing plate locking head. The clamp locking head is composed of a clamp locking seat 33, a locking bolt 34 and a connecting plate 24.
The platen lock seat 33 is hollow and bent (see fig. 39 of the specification) and has elasticity, and the purpose of the elasticity is: when the platen lock seat 33 is pressed, the platen lock seat 33 will deform to press the inner fixing bar 1 and the connection plate 24.
The platen lock seat 33 on one side of the connecting plate 24 is provided with an assembly hole 38. The purpose of the mounting hole 38 is to: to facilitate insertion of the connection plate 24 into the connection plate insertion hole 35 after passing through the fitting hole 38. The head end of the connection plate 24 is slidably extended into the connection plate through-hole 27 of the locking head locking seat 23 (see fig. 37 of the specification).
A pressing hole 36 is arranged in the pressing plate locking seat 33; one end of the pressing hole 36 is arc-shaped; for inserting the fixing bar 1 (see fig. 37 of the specification).
The pressing holes 36 are communicated with the connecting plate jacks 35 in a crossing manner; the upper end of the pressing plate locking seat 33 is provided with a bolt counter bore 37; the locking bolt 34 is arranged in the bolt counter bore 37; a threaded hole is formed in the pressing plate locking seat 33 below the bolt counter bore 37; the lock bolt 34 is connected with the screw hole thread, and the head end of the lock bolt 34 slightly expands, and the outer diameter of the head end expansion part is larger than the inner diameter of the screw hole, so that the aim of the design of the lock bolt 34 is that: the lock bolt 34 does not fall out of its threaded bore.
The tail end of the connecting plate 24 is expanded, the outer diameter of the expanded part of the tail end of the connecting plate 24 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the assembly hole 38, the outer diameter of the expanded part of the tail end of the connecting plate 24 is larger than the inner diameter of the connecting plate jack 35, and the expanded part of the tail end of the connecting plate 24 is movably limited in the pressure hole 36. The purpose of the connection plate 24 being so arranged is that: limiting the trailing end of the web 24 to the interior of the platen lock seat 33 prevents it from "falling out" of the way.
The locking heads and the pressing plate locking heads are assembled on the fixing rods 1 before operation, after the bone screws and the fixing rods 1 are assembled in operation, the corresponding locking heads and pressing plate locking heads on the fixing rods 1 are adjusted to the corresponding positions only in a sliding mode, then the head ends of the connecting plates 24 on the pressing plate locking heads are pulled out to enable the head ends to penetrate through the connecting plate through holes 27 of the corresponding locking heads, and then the locking studs 25 are screwed down to enable the locking studs 25 and the head ends of the connecting plates 24 to be locked in the locking seats 23. The locking bolt 34 is then tightened; when the locking bolt 34 is screwed down, the pressing plate locking seat 33 is pressed to deform so as to lock the other ends of the fixing rod 1 and the connecting plate 24. After the connecting plate is locked, the connecting plate is matched with the pressing plate locking head and the locking head to connect all the fixing rods 1 into a whole, so that the overall stability of the anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system is improved, and the falling of any part of the whole anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system can be prevented (see figure 37 of the specification).
The fixing rods 1 on the two sides of the locking head are provided with a plurality of bone screws through locking screw plugs 3 (see the accompanying drawings 1 and 2 in the specification); the bone screw consists of a screw body 2 and a screw seat 4, wherein the screw seat 4 is U-shaped; the lower end of the nail seat 4 is provided with a screw body 2. The screw body 2 is provided at its lower end with a fastening opening 22 (see fig. 4 of the description). The purpose of the fastening openings 22 is to: so that the fastening opening 22 is in closer contact with the bone after the screw body 2 is screwed into the bone and has a certain anti-rotation effect, thereby reducing the risk of loosening the screw body 2.
The screw body 2 has two modes of fixed connection and movable connection with the nail seat 4.
When the screw body 2 is movably arranged at the lower end of the screw seat 4; the upper end of the screw body 2 is provided with a rotary ball head 19; the top of the rotary ball head 19 is provided with a spanner sleeve hole 6; after the screw part of the screw body 2 passes through the screw seat 4, the rotary ball head 19 is movably connected with the screw seat 4; a limiting block 20 (see fig. 6 and 7 of the specification) is connected with the screw seat 4 above the rotary ball head 19 in a threaded manner.
The limiting block 20 is U-shaped, and a through hole 21 is formed in the limiting block 20; the through hole 21 is movably connected with the rotary ball 19 (see fig. 8 of the specification). In the operation process, the wrench can pass through the through hole 21 and then be inserted into the wrench socket hole 6 of the rotary ball head 19, and then the screw body 2 can be assembled by rotating the wrench.
The upper end of the nail seat 4 is symmetrically connected with breaking guard arms 5; during the operation, the broken guard arm 5 is fixed by the guard ring; and then the locking plug screw 3 is screwed into the breaking protecting arm 5, after the locking plug screw 3 is screwed into the nail seat 4 to press and fix the fixing rod 1, the retainer is removed, and after the breaking protecting arm 5 is broken, other operations can be continued. The purpose of providing the breaking armrests 5 is: firstly, the nail seat 4 is lengthened through the breaking guard arm 5, so that the breaking guard arm 5 extends to the outside of the body in operation, thereby facilitating minimally invasive percutaneous nail placement. Secondly, the nail seat 4"U' shaped body; when the locking screw plug 3 is directly screwed into the nail seat 4, deformation of the nail seat 4 can be caused, so that the problem of loosening of the locking screw plug 3 is caused; after the breaking guard arm 5 is arranged, the breaking guard arm 5 bears partial pressure in the screwing process of the locking screw plug 3, so that the risk of deformation of the screw seat 4 is reduced, and the problem of loosening of the locking screw plug 3 is reduced.
The nail seat 4 and the breaking guard arm 5 are internally connected with a locking screw plug 3 through internal threads; the locking screw plug 3 is in interference connection with the fixing rod 1 (see fig. 1 and 4 of the specification). The top of the locking screw plug 3 is provided with a spanner socket 6.
In order to solve the problem that the locking screw plug 3 is easy to fall off; the invention designs various schemes, which are as follows:
scheme one: the upper end of the screw tooth of the locking screw plug 3 is provided with a locking opening 7 (see figure 10 of the specification). The purpose of setting the locking plug screw 3 in this way is: when the locking screw plug 3 is screwed in place, after the fixing rod 1 is tightly pressed in the screw seat 4, a certain pressure is applied to the internal thread groove of the screw seat 4 by the screw tooth part corresponding to the locking opening 7 on the locking screw plug 3, so that the static friction force between the screw tooth and the internal thread groove is increased, and the risk of loosening the locking screw plug 3 is reduced.
Scheme II: the bottom end of the locking screw plug 3 is provided with a locking spring frame 8 (see figure 11 of the specification). The purpose of setting up locking bullet frame 8 is: when the locking screw plug 3 is screwed in place, after the fixing rod 1 is pressed in the nail seat 4, the first is: the locking elastic frame 8 is in fit and abutting connection with the fixing rod 1 under pressure deformation, so that the pressure area of the fixing rod 1 is increased, and the risk of loosening of the fixing rod 1 is reduced. Secondly, the transverse diameter of the locking spring frame 8 is enlarged after being pressed and is clamped into a gap between the nail seat 4 and the fixing rod 1, so that the locking screw plug 3 is locked (see the attached drawing 12 of the specification).
The locking spring frame 8 has certain elasticity, when the locking plug screw 3 is rotated by strong force to withdraw, the locking spring frame 8 can be deformed completely and move together with the locking plug screw 3, so that the problem that the locking plug screw 3 can not withdraw is avoided, but the locking spring frame is difficult to loosen under the general vibration condition.
Scheme III: the tip of the locking plug 3 is provided with a polygonal locking piece 9 (see fig. 13 and 14 of the specification), and the polygonal locking piece 9 has a hardness lower than that of the internal thread of the socket 4. The purpose of the polygonal locking piece 9 is to: when the locking plug screw 3 is screwed in, the polygonal locking plate 9 deforms after being pressed, and the periphery of the polygonal locking plate is clamped into the internal thread groove of the nail seat 4 and/or the opening groove of the nail seat 4, so that the locking plug screw 3 is further locked, the risk of loosening the locking plug screw 3 is reduced, and the locking plug screw can be screwed out when the tool is screwed out forcefully.
Scheme IV: the middle part of the screw tooth body of the locking screw plug 3 is provided with a locking groove 10, the upper end of the locking groove 10 extends to the upper end head of the screw tooth, and a certain distance exists between the lower end of the locking groove 10 and the lower end head of the screw tooth (see figure 15 of the specification). The purpose of setting the locking plug screw 3 in this way is: firstly, under the guidance of the lower end of the screw thread, the locking screw plug 3 can be smoothly screwed into the internal thread groove of the broken guard arm 5, so that the problem that the locking screw plug 3 cannot be screwed in is avoided. Secondly, when the locking screw plug 3 is screwed in place, after the fixing rod 1 is tightly pressed in the screw seat 4, a part of the screw thread corresponding to the locking groove 10 presses a certain pressure on the internal thread groove of the screw seat 4, so that the static friction force between the screw thread and the internal thread groove is increased, and the risk of loosening the locking screw plug 3 is further reduced.
Scheme five: an arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is arranged between the locking screw plug 3 and the fixed rod 1; the cambered surface of arc clamp plate 11 lower extreme corresponds with the circumference cambered surface of fixed stick 1, the aim at that so set up: so that when the locking screw plug 3 presses the fixed rod 1 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 11, the arc surface of the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is in fit connection with the fixed rod 1; and then increases the compression area of the fixing rod 1, and reduces the risk of loosening the fixing rod 1.
A through step hole 12 is arranged in the locking screw plug 3; the upper end of the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is provided with a T-shaped clamping column 28 (see figure 22 of the specification) or a symmetrical clamping pin 13 (see figure 17 of the specification); the bayonet 13 or the T-shaped bayonet 28 extends into the locking screw 3 after passing through the fine hole of the through-hole 12 (see fig. 16, 17, 18 of the specification).
The T-shaped clamping column 28 is used for movably connecting the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 and the locking screw plug 3 all the time, so that the problem that the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 and the locking screw plug 3 fall off is avoided (see figure 22 of the specification).
When the locking screw plug 3 compresses the fixing rod 1 in the nail seat 4 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 11, the upper end of the bayonet lock 13 can be bent by using external force, so that the locking screw plug cannot pass through the through stepped hole 12, the locking screw plug 3 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 are limited together ((see the attached drawing 19 of the specification), and when the locking screw plug is taken out, the upper end of the bayonet lock 13 can be clamped in opposite directions, and then the locking screw plug 3 is screwed out, and then the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is taken out.
As an improvement of the bayonet 13, the ends of the bayonet 13 at the upper end of the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 are connected with each other (see fig. 20 of the specification). When the locking screw plug 3 compresses the fixing rod 1 in the nail seat 4 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 11, the connecting part of the bayonet lock 13 can be bent by using external force, so that the connecting part cannot pass through the through stepped hole 12, the locking screw plug 3 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 are limited together (see figure 21 of the specification), and when the locking screw plug is taken out, the upper ends of the bayonet lock 13 can be clamped in opposite directions, and then the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is taken out after the locking screw plug 3 is unscrewed.
As an improvement of the arc-shaped pressing plate 11, locking plates 29 are symmetrically arranged at four corners of the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 respectively, and locking ratchets 17 are arranged on the locking plates 29; locking tooth grooves are correspondingly formed in the side faces of the two sides of the nail seat 4, and the locking ratchet 17 is in intermittent clamping connection with the locking tooth grooves (see fig. 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 in the specification).
When the locking screw plug 3 compresses the fixing rod 1 in the nail seat 4 through the arc-shaped pressing plate 11, the locking ratchet 17 on the locking plate 29 is clamped into the locking tooth socket, so that the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 cannot retreat, the fixing rod 1 is completely locked, and the problem that the fixing rod 1 and/or the locking screw plug 3 are loosened and fall off is avoided; when the locking plug screw 3 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 are required to be withdrawn, the locking plate 29 is firstly broken by a tool to enable the locking ratchet 17 to separate the clamp from the locking tooth socket, the locking plug screw 3 is then screwed out, and then the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 is taken out.
Scheme six: a retainer is arranged in the nail seat 4; the retainer consists of a pressing plate 14 and a door-shaped retaining rod 15; the bottom end of the pressing plate 14 is provided with a concave arc curved surface; the radian of the concave arc surface is consistent with that of the circumference surface of the fixed rod 1. The purpose of this arrangement is that: so that when the locking screw plug 3 compresses the fixed rod 1 through the pressing plate 14, the cambered surface of the cambered pressing plate 11 is in fit connection with the fixed rod 1; and then increases the compression area of the fixing rod 1, and reduces the risk of loosening the fixing rod 1.
Guide lugs 16 are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressing plate 14; door-shaped retaining rods 15 are symmetrically arranged between the guide lugs 16; the door-shaped holding rod 15 has elasticity; the width of the guide lugs 16 is consistent with the interval between the breaking guard arms 5, and the guide lugs 16 are in sliding connection with the breaking guard arms 5 and the nail seat 4.
The height of the inside of the door-shaped holding rod 15 is identical to that of the locking plug screw 3, and the purpose of this arrangement is to: so that the locking screw plug 3 is movably arranged in the door-shaped retaining rod 15 of the retainer during operation; the risk of the locking plug screw 3 coming out of engagement with the cage is reduced.
The outer end surface of the door-shaped holding lever 15 is provided with locking ratchet teeth 17 (see fig. 28, 29, 30, 31 of the specification). The vertical surface of the U-shaped inner side of the nail seat 4 is provided with locking tooth grooves which correspond to the locking ratchets 17 and are intermittently clamped and connected (see figure 28 of the specification).
As an improvement of the retainer, the retainer is composed of a pressing plate 14, a limiting plate 18 and a locking plate 29; the bottom end of the pressing plate 14 is provided with a concave arc curved surface; guide lugs 16 are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressing plate 14; the guide lugs 16 are provided with limiting plates 18 through assembly plates 30; locking plates 29 are arranged on two sides of each guide lug 16, and locking ratchets 17 are arranged on the locking plates 29; locking tooth grooves are correspondingly formed in the side faces of the two sides of the nail seat 4, and the locking ratchet 17 is in intermittent clamping connection with the locking tooth grooves (see the accompanying drawings 32 and 33 in the specification).
The locking screw plug 3 is movably mounted under the retainer limiting plate 18 (see fig. 34 of the specification).
As an improvement of the pressing plate 14, the pressing plate 14 is provided with a pressing hole 32; the locking screw plug 3 is a stepped shaft type; the thick end portion of the lock plug 3 cannot pass through the pressing hole 32, and the lock plug 3 is so arranged that: preventing the locking screw plug 3 from leaking out of the pressing hole 32.
The thin end of the lock screw 32 extends into the extrusion hole 32 (see fig. 34, 35 of the specification). The purpose of the extrusion hole 32 is to: the locking screw plug 32 is conveniently inserted into the extrusion hole 32 and then directly presses the fixing rod 1.
After the locking screw plug 3 compresses the fixing rod 1 in the nail seat 4 through the retainer, the locking ratchet 17 on the locking plate 29 is clamped into the locking tooth socket, so that the retainer cannot retreat, the fixing rod 1 is completely locked, and the loosening problem of the fixing rod 1 is avoided; when the locking plug screw 3 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 11 are required to be withdrawn, the locking plate 29 is firstly broken off to enable the locking ratchet 17 to separate the card from the locking tooth socket, then the locking plug screw 3 is rotated, and the retainer can be driven to withdraw together when the locking plug screw 3 is withdrawn.
The locking plate 29 has elasticity and is provided with a release slope 31 on the inner side of the upper end thereof. The purpose of the locking plate 29 being so arranged is that: so that a certain gap exists between the release inclined surface 31 of the locking plate 29 and the nail seat 4; thereby facilitating the insertion of the special tool from the gap into the opening of the locking plate 29.
The purpose of setting up the holder is: after the fixing rod 1 is pressed by the locking screw plug 3 through the retainer, the retainer cannot retreat under the action of the locking ratchet 17, and the retainer completely locks the fixing rod 1; moreover, the locking plug screw 3 is always limited in the retainer, so that the locking plug screw 3 does not loose.
The anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system has reasonable structure and ingenious design; solves the problems of certain loosening risk and inconvenient assembly of locking heads of locking plugs and other parts existing in the prior pedicle screw rod system, and meets the requirement of long-time safe use of patients.
Claims (5)
1. An anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system consists of two fixing rods (1), bone-in screws, locking heads, connecting plates (24) and locking plugs (3); one or more locking heads are respectively and correspondingly arranged on each fixing rod (1); the corresponding locking heads are connected with each other through a connecting plate (24); a plurality of bone screws are arranged on the fixing rods (1) at the two sides of the locking head through locking screw plugs (3); the method is characterized in that: the locking head consists of a locking seat (23) and a locking stud (25); the locking seat (23) is internally provided with a locking stud (25) in a threaded manner; a fixing rod through hole (26) is arranged in the locking seat (23) below the locking stud (25); a connecting plate through hole (27) is arranged between the fixing rod through hole (26) and the locking stud (25) in a cross shape; the locking heads are movably arranged on the fixed rod (1) through the through holes (26) of the fixed rod, and the connecting plates (24) penetrate through the through holes (27) of the connecting plates corresponding to the locking heads to connect the locking heads with each other; each locking stud (25) is in abutting connection with the connecting plate (24); the cross section of the locking stud (25) is approximately in a shape of a Chinese character 'tu';
the bone screw consists of a screw body (2) and a screw seat (4), wherein the screw seat (4) is U-shaped; the lower end of the nail seat (4) is provided with a screw body (2); the upper end of the nail seat (4) is symmetrically connected with a breaking guard arm (5); the nail seat (4) and the breaking guard arm (5) are internally connected with a locking screw plug (3) through internal threads; the locking screw plug (3) is in abutting connection with the fixing rod (1);
a retainer is arranged in the nail seat (4); the retainer consists of a pressing plate (14) and a door-shaped retaining rod (15); the bottom end of the pressing plate (14) is provided with a concave arc curved surface; guide lugs (16) are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressing plate (14); door-shaped retaining rods (15) are symmetrically arranged between the guide lugs (16); the outer end surface of the door-shaped retaining rod (15) is provided with a locking ratchet (17); the door-shaped retaining rod (15) has elasticity; the width of the guide lugs (16) is consistent with the interval between the breaking guard arms (5), and the guide lugs (16) are in sliding connection with the breaking guard arms (5) and the nail seat (4); the locking screw plug (3) is movably arranged in a door-shaped retaining rod (15) of the retainer, a locking tooth socket is arranged on the vertical surface of the U-shaped inner side of the nail seat (4), and the locking tooth socket and the locking ratchet (17) are mutually corresponding and are intermittently clamped and connected; the height of the inner part of the door-shaped retaining rod (15) is consistent with that of the locking screw plug (3).
2. A locking pedicle screw rod system as in claim 1, wherein: a spanner trepanning (6) is arranged at the top of the locking screw plug (3); the upper end head of the screw tooth of the locking screw plug (3) is provided with a locking opening (7); the bottom end of the locking screw plug (3) is provided with a locking spring frame (8); the top end of the locking screw plug (3) is provided with a polygonal locking plate (9), and the hardness of the polygonal locking plate (9) is lower than that of the internal thread of the screw seat (4); the middle part of the screw tooth body of the locking screw plug (3) is provided with a locking groove (10), the upper end of the locking groove (10) extends to the end head of the upper end of the screw tooth, and the lower end of the locking groove (10) is away from the end head of the lower end of the screw tooth by a certain distance.
3. A locking pedicle screw rod system as in claim 1, wherein: an arc-shaped pressing plate (11) is arranged between the locking screw plug (3) and the fixing rod (1); a through step hole (12) is arranged in the locking screw plug (3); the upper end of the arc-shaped pressing plate (11) is provided with T-shaped clamping columns (28) or symmetrical clamping pins (13); the bayonet lock (13) or the T-shaped bayonet lock column (28) passes through the pore of the through step hole (12) and then extends to the inside of the locking screw plug (3).
4. A locking pedicle screw rod system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the ends of the bayonet lock (13) at the upper end of the arc-shaped pressing plate (11) are connected with each other; locking plates (29) are symmetrically arranged at four corners of the arc-shaped pressing plate (11), and locking ratchets (17) are arranged on the locking plates (29); locking tooth grooves are correspondingly formed in the side faces of the two sides of the nail seat (4), and locking ratchets (17) are connected with the locking tooth grooves in an intermittent clamping mode.
5. A locking pedicle screw rod system as in claim 1, wherein: the screw body (2) is fixedly connected with the screw seat (4), and a fastening opening (22) is formed in the lower end of the screw body (2); the upper end of the screw body (2) is provided with a rotary ball head (19); a spanner sleeve hole (6) is arranged at the top of the rotary ball head (19); after the screw part of the screw body (2) passes through the screw seat (4), the rotary ball head (19) is movably connected with the screw seat (4); a limiting block (20) is connected with the inner thread of the nail seat (4) above the rotary ball head (19); the limiting block (20) is U-shaped, and a through hole (21) is formed in the limiting block (20); the through hole (21) is movably connected with the rotary ball head (19).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711044874.7A CN107693098B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711044874.7A CN107693098B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107693098A CN107693098A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
| CN107693098B true CN107693098B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| CN201711044874.7A Active CN107693098B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Anti-loosening pedicle screw rod system |
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| CN (1) | CN107693098B (en) |
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| CN107693098A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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Address after: Wuhan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Orthopedic Hospital, No. 279 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430079 Applicant after: Li Zhaowen Address before: No. 28 Chanling Avenue, Douhudi Town, Gong'an County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434300 (No. 702, Unit 18, Education Garden) Applicant before: Li Zhaowen |
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