CN107687404B - A kind of cathode water-cooling structure of magnetic plasma propeller - Google Patents
A kind of cathode water-cooling structure of magnetic plasma propeller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107687404B CN107687404B CN201710437844.6A CN201710437844A CN107687404B CN 107687404 B CN107687404 B CN 107687404B CN 201710437844 A CN201710437844 A CN 201710437844A CN 107687404 B CN107687404 B CN 107687404B
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- cathode
- water
- cooling structure
- cooling
- magnetic plasma
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0081—Electromagnetic plasma thrusters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
Abstract
The invention belongs to electric propulsion thruster design field, is a kind of cathode water-cooling structure for magnetic plasma propeller.It is mainly used for solving the problems, such as the cathode thermal protection of magnetic plasma propeller.The water-cooling structure clamps cathode using the cathode holder that cathodic connection and cathode water cooled housing are constituted, and the heat of cathode is taken away by heat transfer, and the cooling water that clamper inner utilization back and forth flows carries out heat convection, takes away the heat transmitted from cathode.The water-cooling structure has taken away the amount of heat concentrated and be deposited on thruster cathode, prevents electrode structure from failing due to overheat, mitigates the ablation of cathode, significantly improves the single working time and service life of magnetic plasma propeller.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric propulsion thruster design field, be related to it is a kind of with the clamper with inner cooling channel to cathode into
The cooling water-cooling structure of row.
Background technique
Electric propulsion is that one kind directly heats propellant using electric energy or ionizes acceleration propellant using electromagnetic action to obtain
The advanced propulsion mode of thrust power, specific impulse, thrust and efficiency with higher, orbits controlling, deep space in Large Spacecraft
Have broad application prospects in the space tasks such as detection and interplanetary flight.
Magnetic plasma propeller is one kind of electric propulsion, and the Lorentz force generated using magnetic field and electric field is to propellant electricity
Accelerated from gas, be otherwise known as Lorentz accelerator.Magnetic plasma propeller nuclear power power easy to accomplish and high
In conjunction with, the thrust that minimizes and be capable of providing more a greater amount of than other electric thrusters grades, it is considered to be the following deep space exploration is most
One of good promotion program.
Magnetic plasma propeller during the work time, has 5%~10% energy loss in cathode, these energy are most
It can be converted to thermal energy eventually, although energy accounting is little, it is contemplated that magnetic plasma propeller typically operates in high-power item
Under part, the unfavorable factors such as cathode heating surface area very little, the thermal environment of cathode very severe in fact.In this case, passively
Heat loss through radiation has been difficult effectively to cool down electrode, and the higher water cooling of cooling efficiency just shows big advantage.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to design a kind of water-cooling structure, it is heat sink to magnetopasma engine
It drops serious cathode to be cooled down, guarantees that engine operation is safe and reliable, extends the working time of engine and service life, and
Reduce the influence radially arranged to engine as far as possible.
The cathode water-cooling structure of magnetopasma engine of the present invention mainly by cathodic connection, cathode water cooling outside
Shell, cooling water inlet pipe and cooling water outlet pipe are constituted.Cathodic connection and cathode water cooled housing collectively form cathode holder.
One end of cathodic connection is provided with one and the equal-sized hole of cylinder hollow cathode outer diameter, can be embedding by cylinder type hollow cathode
Enter the inside, and carried out by hole wall thermally conductive, the heat on cathode is exported into cathode by way of heat transfer.Cathode connection simultaneously
Part constitutes cathode waterway together with cathode water cooled housing, is reliably connected with the mode of welding and guarantees to seal, water cooling cavity wall is remote
That end from cathode is uniformly dispersed with two cooling water import/exports up and down.Cooling water enters from lower mouth, around cathodic connection
Waterway top is flowed to, then from outflow suitable for reading, water flow is taken away from cathode and passed by the strong convection with cathodic connection outer surface
The amount of heat led.Waterway suitably uses fillet to reduce the flow resistance of cooling water close to the end face of cathode, simultaneously
Reduction stress because caused by temperature gradient is larger herein is also beneficial to concentrate.
The advantage of the invention is that
1. good cooling results: compared to the mode by cathode sheath in coolant jacket front end, clamper and cathode can have more greatly
Contact surface area, heat exchange efficiency is higher, and cooling effect is more preferable.
2. being conveniently replaceable cathode: the cathode of magnetic plasma propeller is consumables, is cooled down just by the way of clamper
In replacement cathode.
3. low in cost: the cathode of magnetic plasma propeller generallys use the bad material of the processing performances such as molybdenum, tungsten, phase
Than cost can be greatly reduced using clamper mode in directly processing water-cooling channel and cathode internal.
4. the design of water intake mode: anode water cooling cavity does not use common " front end water inlet, rear end water outlet " form, and
It is two hole Inlet and outlet waters simultaneously from clamper front end, increases the residence time of cooling water, improve cooling water utilizes effect
Rate.Using axial Inlet and outlet water mode, the interference to thruster radial design is reduced.
5. Seal Design: the mode that welding is utilized in many places is reliably connected, and can effectively prevent the generation of leak, together
When but also design it is more concise and beautiful.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is the three dimensional sectional view using the magnetic plasma propeller of cathode water-cooling structure described in this patent, Cong Zhongke
To see cathode water-cooling structure is how to be arranged into thruster.
In figure,
1. 4. cathode water inlet pipe of deflector 2. nut, 3. hollow cathode, 5. cathodic connection
6. 7. cathode water cooled housing of cathode outlet pipe, 8. bolt, 9. insulating sleeve
10. 11. intermediate connector of external fixator, 12. anode propellant entrance, 13. screw
14. 15. anode water cooled housing of insulating ceramics, 16. anode
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of cathode water-cooling structure.
In figure,
201. hollow cathode, 202. cathodic connection, 203. cathode water inlet pipe, 204. cathode outlet pipe
205. cathode water cooled housings
Specific embodiment
Below by specific example combination Figure of description, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the installation diagram of magnetopasma engine disclosed in this invention, comprising: 1. deflector, 2. nut
3. hollow cathode
4. 8,13. bolt of cathode water inlet pipe 5. cathodic connection, 6. cathode outlet pipe, 7. cathode water cooled housing, 9. insulating sleeve
10. 11. intermediate connector of external fixator, 12. 15. anode water cooled housing of anode propellant 14. insulating ceramics of entrance, 16. anode.
The intermediate connector 11 is fixed by bolt 8, nut 2, insulating sleeve 9 and 10 phase of external fixator, wherein external fixator
10 fix with thruster support construction.The purpose of the insulating sleeve 9 is that external fixator and thruster insulate, and prevents thrust
The electric power of device, which is conducted to outside, leads to electric shock accidents.The cathodic connection 5 and cathode water cooled housing 7, cathode water inlet pipe 4, yin
Pole outlet pipe 6 is all made of welding manner and is connected and fixed, they together constitute cathode water-cooling structure, and are inserted in as a whole
It is fixed in insulating ceramics 14 with engine.The anode 16 is fixed by screw 13 with intermediate connector.The anode is cooling outer
Shell 15 is connect and is fixed by welding manner with anode 16.When magnetic plasma propeller works, the cathode 3 and anode 16 it
Between by arc discharge, the gaseous propellant entered from cathodic connection 5 and anode propellant entrance 12 is ionized, is generated red-hot
Plasma, then under the effect of electromagnetic field accelerate and eject backward.
Referring to figure 2., the cathode water-cooling structure figure of magnetopasma engine disclosed in this invention.The cathode water cooling
Structure includes hollow cathode 201, cathodic connection 202, cathode such as water pipe 203, cathode outlet pipe 204, cathode water cooling in Fig. 2
Shell 205.The inner surface of cathodic connection 202 and cathode water cooled housing 205 defines water-cooling channel jointly.Cathode 201 by
Bombardment, the sputtering of particle, generate a large amount of heat, heat is conducted to the lower cathodic connection 202 of temperature, and cooling water is in water
It is back and forth flowed in cold passage, a large amount of heat is exported by forced-convection heat transfer, the temperature of cathode 201 is effectively reduced, extend yin
The working time of pole service life and magnetic plasma propeller.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cathode water-cooling structure for magnetic plasma propeller, it is characterised in that the water-cooling structure includes hollow
Cathode (201), cathodic connection (202), cathode water inlet pipe (203), cathode outlet pipe (204), cathode water cooled housing (205)；
Cathode holder is formed by cathodic connection (202) and cathode water cooled housing (205), there is water-cooling channel in inside, by hollow cathode
(201) it is clamped from outside；The heat on cathode is conducted to clamper in magnetic plasma propeller work, then is passed through
The cooling water back and forth flowed in water-cooling channel is by the heat derives on clamper；By the way of axial Inlet and outlet water, lower section water inlet,
Top is discharged, aperture on the axis of cathodic connection (202), the injection for propellant.
2. a kind of magnetic plasma propeller cathode water-cooling structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water-cooling channel
For around the cavity of cathodic connection (202).
3. a kind of magnetic plasma propeller cathode water-cooling structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hollow cathode
(201) material is tungsten or molybdenum, and the material of cathodic connection (202) and cathode water cooled housing (205) is metallic copper.
4. a kind of magnetic plasma propeller cathode water-cooling structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cathode connection
The connection type use welding of part (202), cathode water inlet pipe (203), cathode outlet pipe (204), cathode water cooled housing (205).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710437844.6A CN107687404B (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | A kind of cathode water-cooling structure of magnetic plasma propeller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710437844.6A CN107687404B (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | A kind of cathode water-cooling structure of magnetic plasma propeller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107687404A CN107687404A (en) | 2018-02-13 |
| CN107687404B true CN107687404B (en) | 2019-07-05 |
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| CN201710437844.6A Active CN107687404B (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | A kind of cathode water-cooling structure of magnetic plasma propeller |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110067712B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2024-03-26 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Magnetic plasma thruster inducing axial magnetic field |
| CN110705007B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-03-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Efficiency evaluation method of plasma vortex generator |
| CN110553846B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-04-13 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Replaceable sputtering-resistant vacuum cavity for ignition test of electric thruster and assembly method |
| CN111779645A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-16 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Cathode spiral heat exchange structure of high-power additional field magnetomotive plasma thruster |
| CN112412720B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Superconducting magnetic plasma propeller |
| CN113357114B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-05-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main cathode assembly structure applied to thruster and assembly method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4431488A (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1984-02-14 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow Blohm Gmbh | Heat absorber structure, particularly a plasma beam absorber and method of manufacturing the structure |
| JPS60145468A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Propulsion apparatus for artificial satellite |
| EP2211056A1 (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-07-28 | Snecma | Electron closed drift thruster |
| CN102678500A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Magnetic plasma propeller |
| CN103790794A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Radiation heat dissipation device for multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster |
| CN104454418A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Arcjet thruster capable of improving operation stability |
-
2017
- 2017-06-12 CN CN201710437844.6A patent/CN107687404B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4431488A (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1984-02-14 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow Blohm Gmbh | Heat absorber structure, particularly a plasma beam absorber and method of manufacturing the structure |
| JPS60145468A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Propulsion apparatus for artificial satellite |
| EP2211056A1 (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-07-28 | Snecma | Electron closed drift thruster |
| CN102678500A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Magnetic plasma propeller |
| CN103790794A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Radiation heat dissipation device for multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster |
| CN104454418A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Arcjet thruster capable of improving operation stability |
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| CN107687404A (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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