CN107686330A - A kind of preparation method of Buddhist honor handicraft - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of preparation method of Buddhist honor handicraft, belongs to pottery ornameutal handiwork field, comprises the following steps：1st, stock up；2nd, throwing；3rd, repaired biscuit；4th, biscuiting；5th, glazing；6th, fire；Described firing includes primary oxidation, and light reduction, escheat is former, again light reduction, the several processes of re-oxidation；Described escheat original is that 1250 °C of 34 hours of firing are warming up to from 1050 °C in kiln temperature after the completion of light reduction, and Chemical Physics change can fully be carried out by glaze layer by having so that glaze layer has beautiful texture, the characteristics of avoiding cracking and peeling.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Buddhist honor handicraft

Technical field

The invention belongs to ceramics field, the preparation method of the Buddhist honor handicraft of more particularly to a kind of pottery.

Background technology

Ceramics are the parts of traditional Chinese culture, extensively using with the live and work of people；During pottery is used as The change of exclusive color and luster and shape are referred to as the national treasure of ceramic field in state's traditional ceramics；Pottery is originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty, is the Song Dynasty five One of big name kiln porcelain, the treasure in Chinese tradition technology in producing porcelain, is referred to as national treasure, rarity.Write with the transmutation art of uniqueness Claim in generation, the good reputation of " the valuable an ancient unit of weight of gold is priceless " and " there is ten thousand strings of cash in family, not as pottery one " is known as, simultaneously as pottery " enters kiln Of the same colour, kiln discharge ten thousand is color " natural colour change, add the mystique of pottery to changing unpredictably for pottery color；Buddhist honor is an ancient unit of weight A kind of masterpiece in ceramic handiwork, such as Fig. 1, including cavity of resorption, midfield, epicoele, upper abdomen, push up cup；Whole device image one is sat up straight Buddha；For its wall thickness below 10 millimeters, total height is 500-600 millimeters, lower diameter 280-350 millimeters, pushes up cup diameter 50 Millimeter, 30 millimeters of midfield diameter, because lower diameter and upper diameter difference are larger, and midfield and upper abdomen are needed from big straight Footpath is punctured into minor diameter, while wall thickness is relatively thin, and color with the distinctive chicken blood of pottery it is red based on, by transmutation, make entirety Color colligator shape, show it is steady, it is abundant, while again full of life artistic style, from device shape, the requirement of color everyway It is very high, using usual process, it is difficult to ensure that the character of artwork of Buddhist honor pottery handicraft, yield rate are extremely low.

The content of the invention

For existing Buddhist honor pottery handicraft to device shape, the problem of requirement of color is high, and yield rate is low, pass through national technique Product great master Mr. Yang Zhi studies for many years, proposes a kind of preparation method of Buddhist honor handicraft, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps： 1st, stock up；2nd, throwing；3rd, repaired biscuit；4th, biscuiting；5th, glazing；6th, fire；In described step 1, including clay is chosen, crushed, and Mud, mud is stepped on, rub mud；Described clay selects the clay in Yuzhou City god Hou towns Xi Si villages；Described crushing is to be ground into clay The fineness of 180-230 mesh；Described and mud is that the clay that will be crushed adds water to stir and into mud；Described mud of stepping on will become reconciled Clay figurine work pin is stepped on, and eliminates the air in mud；Described mud of rubbing is that the mud stepped on is taken out into fritter, is manually further kneaded with hand, Make mud more fine and smooth uniformly without air.

Described throwing manually carries out throwing using rotating disk, including embraces mud head, draws the son that quivers, chamber of leaving behind, receives midfield, pull on Chamber, upper abdomen is received, draw top cup, close up；It is described embrace mud head be select with whole device shape needed for the weight that matches of pottery mud in rotating disk On make and cavity of resorption foot diameter identical hemispherical walk；The described drawing son that quivers is from top middle opening by hemispherical walk Expanded；Described chamber of leaving behind is the arcuate structure that moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake is pulled out to cavity of resorption bottom first；Described receipts midfield is to pull out The arcuate shape of cavity of resorption is shunk, and its reentrant diameter is equal to midfield diameter；It is described pull on chamber be moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake by midfield is punctured into again It is secondary to expand outwardly, and pull out the arcuate structure and shape of epicoele；Described receipts upper abdomen is by moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake by the epicoele top after expansion Shrink again, its reentrant diameter is equal to upper abdomen diameter；Described drawing top cup is to expand the upper abdomen after necking again from top, is drawn Go out to push up the profile of cup；Described closing in is to be molded the shrink in lip for pushing up cup, shape blocker；Above-mentioned links all need to ensure The consistency of thickness of moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake is uniform.

Described repaired biscuit is that the moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake of throwing shaping is dried and can independently supported, and when hand takes indeformable hardness, is adopted It will manually be repaired outside base type, ensure that outer smooth is smooth, meet design requirement.

Described biscuiting, it is after the base type after repaired biscuit process is air-dried, to be put into low-firing in kiln；Described low temperature Firing is 930 ° -960 °C of kiln temperature of control；The described biscuiting time is that 4-6 hour is fired at a temperature of setting.

Described glazing, including top layer leaching glaze, drying；Described surface leaching glaze is to use pottery glaze material, is mixed after crushing Uniformly, plus glaze slip is made, infiltrated on base type surface；Described pottery glaze material includes the melilite no less than 60%, 15% copper mine Stone；Described glaze material smashing fineness should reach more than 400 mesh；The thickness of described base type surface glaze material is 2-3 millimeters；Described Drying is that the base type after the completion of glazing is positioned over into interior, and it is more than hour that drying 10 is carried out at a temperature of 60 °C.

Described firing includes primary oxidation, and light reduction, escheat is former, again light reduction, the several processes of re-oxidation；It is described Primary oxidation be will base type place kiln at a temperature of 950 °C fire 3-5 hour；Described kiln refers to that traditional pottery burns Kiln processed；And then described light reduction is carried out after primary oxidation, its process is to be heated up in kiln temperature from 950 °C 1050 °C, completed by 1 and a half hours to 2 hour；Described escheat original be after the completion of light reduction kiln temperature from 1050 °C are warming up to 1250 °C of 3-4 hours of firing；Described reduction again be after the completion of escheat original kiln temperature from 1250 °C are warming up to 1280 °C, fire 50 to 70 minutes；Described re-oxidation be again reduce after the completion of kiln temperature from 1280 °C are warming up to 1340 °C, fire -2 and a half hours 1 hour；Each process keeps slowly heating above；Above process is completed Fire 10 hours of cooling, kiln discharge, pick are lived afterwards.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the shape assumption diagram of Buddhist honor pottery handicraft

1. cavity of resorption, 2. midfields, 3. epicoeles, 4. upper abdomens, 5. top cups.

Beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are can ensure the character of artwork of Buddhist honor pottery handicraft, improve yield rate.

Embodiment

In order to further illustrate technical scheme, the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in conjunction with example；Such as Fig. 1, with 550 millimeters of the total height of Buddhist honor pottery handicraft in this example；300 millimeters of the maximum gauge of cavity of resorption 1,180 millimeters of height； 80 millimeters of 30 mm outer diameter of height of midfield 2；260 millimeters of the height of epicoele 3,120 millimeters of maximum gauge；The height 30 of upper abdomen 4 Millimeter, 30 millimeters of external diameter；Push up 50 millimeters of cup height, 50 millimeters of maximum gauge；Exemplified by overall wall thickness is 7 millimeters,；From Yuzhou City Raw material of the clay at refreshing Hou Zhen Xi temples as base type, soil is closed using one in this example, it is exactly clay using single variety to have；Will It is crushed and screened into 200 targeted fine powders, adds water stirring and mud, becomes half ooze, half described ooze is that the industry is general Half ooze hardness number；Using manually carrying out stepping on mud, air in mud is set to overflow and make the even tissue of mud fine and closely woven；Carry out Using manually rubbing mud before throwing, appropriate walk is taken, using manually kneading on the table, the air being pressed further by mud, The lump for removing and not having to be combined with water completely during mud；By the walk after kneading, the weight suitable with making base type weight is taken Amount is slightly heavy, is positioned on the rotating disk of the general throwing of the industry, and throwing is carried out using artificial；In process of billet withdrawal, operator Member picks a small amount of moisture on hand, and the walk rotated on rotating disk is embraced and is extruded into hemispherical, makes its bottom identical with base type bottom size, To determine the size of base type foot, the above is an armful mud head；Then manually the crown center of hemispherical walk is being drawn using finger Go out the son that quivers, that is, hollow moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, the interior shape of your convenient to operate personnel in this handicraft of inner chamber operational control；Carry out the Throwing, pulls out the shape of cavity of resorption 1, and ensures that thickness meets to require, and thickness is uniform；Then once closed up, will be outer Shape shrinks the diameter and height of midfield 2, while ensures the height and diameter and outer circle curved features of cavity of resorption 1；Once receive The outer profile drawn, pull out epicoele 3 is carried out after mouthful again；Secondary closing in is carried out after pulling out the profile of epicoele 3, shrinks upper abdomen 4 Diameter and height, while ensure the wall thickness and cavity of resorption 1 and the uniform wall thickness of midfield 2, and the resemblance of epicoele 3 of epicoele 3； After receiving out upper abdomen 4, the outer shape drawn, pull out top cup 5 of third time is carried out, third time closing in is carried out after pulling out the shape of top cup 5, receives Go out to push up the oral area feature of cup 5, while the uniform wall thickness error for ensureing each several part is so fully ensured that and fired in 1 millimeter It is heated evenly in journey, each several part expansion and contraction speed are uniform, avoid bursting and deforming for base type；Pull out base type after, by its from Removed on rotating disk, shady place is dried, and repaired biscuit is carried out when cool to half-dried, herein the described half-dried hardness ga(u)ge for referring to that the industry is general Standard, that is, hand take indeformable, the degree that repaired biscuit instrument and can is easily repaired；Using manually will outside base type according to design will Ask, by contouring, ensure that profile is smooth, it is smooth, it is smooth；Base type after repaired biscuit is air-dried, that is, is placed on the moon Cool ventilation is air-dried；Base type after air-drying is put into kiln and carries out biscuiting, the general pottery kiln of the industry is used in this example, Including coal firing, bavin firing, gas burning kiln, coal firing is selected in quality this example to ensure to fire, 950 °C of kiln temperature is kept, fires 5 Individual hour；Taken out after base type cooling after biscuiting, carry out glazing, use pottery glaze material, including 65% melilite in this example, 15% Copper Ores, other additives will be entered, and be ground into 450 targeted fine powders, and add water to stir into the glaze of the general concentration of the industry Slurry, glaze slip is uniformly applied to base type surface, multilayer glazing, ensures 2 millimeters of glazed thickness and is uniformly covered with after biscuiting Base type outer surface；Base type after glazing will be entered in drying chamber, dried 12 hours at a temperature of 60 °C；By the base type after drying It is put into kiln and fires, wherein primary oxidation within 4 hours using is slowly warming up to 950 °C, and the purpose is to by glaze layer and pug In impurity vapor away, contained mineral matter produce oxidation；Light reduction uses 2 hours in this example, after the completion of primary oxidation Further heating, uniformly 1050 °C are warmed to from 950 °C, are that the part mineral matter in glaze layer and pug carries out reduction reaction, just The color and luster of glaze layer is presented in step；Continue to heat after the completion of light reduction, it is former to carry out escheat, by 3.5 hours, uniformly by kiln temperature from 1050 °C are heated to 1250 °C, and it is that mineral matter shown into due color and luster that it, which is acted on, at the same in kiln glaze layer start to produce it is dry and cracked, The physical reactions such as split-phase；Followed by light reduction again is carried out, by kiln temperature from 1 hour of 1250 °C of processes, uniformly it is warming up to 1280 °C, during this, cracking etc. caused by glaze layer starts to close smooth during escheat original；Then will within 2 hours Kiln temperature is uniformly warming up to 1340 °C from 1280 °C, and implementation reoxidizes process, then during this, glaze layer, which becomes smooth, beautiful texture, Glaze colours is bright-coloured shinny；After the completion of reoxidizing process, fire 10 hours of cooling are lived, this pottery handicraft is taken out out of kiln, are examined Meet the finished product of design requirement with selection, just complete the implementation of the present invention；The present invention be famous pottery famous expert Mr. Yang Zhi with It is passed on a skill of craft to others（The present inventor）Come out by Test Summary for many years, to show the art features of this handicraft and being fired into Good basis has been established in the raising of product rate, and abundant content is also added for the pottery art work.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of preparation method of Buddhist honor handicraft, comprises the following steps：1st, stock up；2nd, throwing；3rd, repaired biscuit；4th, biscuiting；5th, apply Glaze；6th, fire；It is characterized in that：Described firing includes primary oxidation, and light reduction, escheat is former, again light reduction, re-oxidation Several processes；Described escheat original is to be warming up to 1250 °C from 1050 °C in kiln temperature after the completion of light reduction to fire 3-4 Hour.