CN107681729A - A kind of multiport converter for electric automobile cluster discharge and recharge - Google Patents
A kind of multiport converter for electric automobile cluster discharge and recharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN107681729A CN107681729A CN201711014789.6A CN201711014789A CN107681729A CN 107681729 A CN107681729 A CN 107681729A CN 201711014789 A CN201711014789 A CN 201711014789A CN 107681729 A CN107681729 A CN 107681729A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiport converter for electric automobile cluster discharge and recharge, it is characterized in that n port is shared in multiport converter, the 1st port amounts to 1 port of n to the n-th 1 ports and is respectively used to be connected with batteries of electric automobile in n port, and the n-th port is used to be connected with the dc bus in direct-current micro-grid in n port；The control method of multiport converter is that the dutycycle of each switching tube is obtained by calculating, and the dutycycle obtained using calculating forms driving pulse corresponding to each switching tube to control its break-make, and then realizes the control of discharge and charge control to batteries of electric automobile；The present invention is used for electric automobile cluster charge and discharge control, gives full play to the electric automobile function interactive with power network.
Description
The invention relates to a multiport converter for charging and discharging of an electric automobile cluster and a control method thereof, which are filed as 20151224 and 2015109991199, and are filed as divisional applications of the university of fertilizer-combining industry.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-port converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging and a control method thereof
Background
With the continuous improvement of the permeability of the electric vehicle, how to integrate the electric vehicle to fully exert the advantages of the electric vehicle is a problem which people pay more attention to by using the interaction function of the electric vehicle and a power grid to provide some auxiliary services such as peak shaving, frequency modulation, rotation standby and the like for the power grid. The conventional method is to integrate electric vehicles and renewable energy sources in the form of a microgrid, such as a direct-current microgrid, an alternating-current microgrid or an alternating-current/direct-current hybrid microgrid, and then connect the integrated electric vehicles and the large power grid, wherein each electric vehicle is provided with a corresponding independent power converter. Therefore, this method has some drawbacks: each electric automobile needs to realize power conversion through a corresponding power converter, so the used power converters are separated, have more quantity and have more discrete structures; the power converter and the control circuit thereof are correspondingly added when one electric automobile is added, so that the cost is higher; the power conversion has more stages and low efficiency; both power flow and load management need to be coordinated through communication channels, which easily causes problems such as software delay and data errors, and inevitably reduces reliability and dynamic response of the system.
In order to solve the above problems, a method of integrating an electric vehicle using a multi-port converter has been receiving attention. The multi-port converter adopts a single power conversion unit to replace a plurality of original power conversion units, so that the topology and the function combination of the power conversion units are realized, and the combined power conversion units participate in the energy transfer among a plurality of ports. Multi-port converters offer significant advantages over conventional approaches that employ multiple separate converters. However, there are still few multi-port converter topologies proposed to date that are specific for charging and discharging clusters of electric vehicles. In addition, in the existing multi-port converter for charging and discharging the electric vehicle cluster, only charging or discharging of all integrated electric vehicles at the same time can be realized in a single multi-port converter module, but charging or discharging of part of the electric vehicles cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the multiport converter for the cluster charging and discharging of the electric automobile. Partial electric automobile charging and partial electric automobile discharging can be realized in a single multi-port converter module for electric automobile cluster charging and discharging, so that the electric automobiles are more effectively integrated, the interaction function of the electric automobiles and the power grid is fully exerted, required auxiliary services are provided for the power grid, and adverse effects on the power grid when large-scale electric automobiles are connected to the power grid are reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention relates to a multiport converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging, which is structurally characterized in that:
the multi-port converter has n ports; the 1 st port to the n-1 st port in the n ports are totally n-1 ports which are respectively used for being connected with a battery of an electric automobile, the n-1 ports are respectively an electric automobile integrated port 1, an electric automobile integrated port 2 \8230 \ 8230;, and the electric automobile integrated port n-1 is marked as follows: an electric automobile integrated port i, i =1,2,3 \ 8230n-1; the nth port of the n ports is used for being connected with a direct-current bus in the direct-current microgrid, and the nth port is a direct-current side port;
by switching the tube S i And a diode D i Form a discharge control channel of an integrated port i of the electric automobile to switch a tube S i ' and diode D i A charging control channel forming an electric vehicle integrated port i; electric automobile battery B connected to integrated port i of electric automobile i Positive terminal and switching tube S i Collector electrode of (2) and diode D i 'the cathodes of the' are connected together, the switching tube S i Emitter and diode D i Is connected to the anode of diode D i ' the anode and the switch tube S i ' the emitter is connected with a switch tube S i ' the collector ofPolar tube D i The cathodes of (a) are connected together as a connection point O; the negative pole of the DC bus connected to the DC side port and the switch tube S p Emitter and diode D p Are connected together by a switching tube S p Collector and diode D p The cathodes of the direct current buses and the cathodes of all the batteries of the electric automobile are connected to a connection point N;
an inductor L is arranged between the connection point O and the connection point N 1 And a switching tube S 11 Formed discharge energy buffer channel, formed by inductor L 2 And a switching tube S 22 Formed charging energy buffer channel and composed of switch tube S 111 And a diode D 111 Formed inductance L 1 And a switch tube S 222 And a diode D 222 Formed inductor L 2 A follow current channel of (2); wherein, the inductance L 1 One end of (1), diode D 111 Cathode and inductor L of 2 And a diode D 222 Is connected to the connection point O, the inductor L 1 The other end of the switch tube S 11 Collector electrode and switching tube S 111 Are commonly connected with the collector of the switching tube S 111 Emitter and diode D 111 Is connected with the anode of the inductor L 2 The other end of the switch tube S 22 Emitter and switching tube S 222 Are commonly connected with the emitting electrodes of the switching tube S 222 Collector and diode D 222 Is connected with the cathode of the switching tube S 11 Emitter and switch tube S 22 The collectors of (a) are connected in common to a connection point N;
discharge control channel L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 2 The on-off of the follow current channel and the discharge energy buffer channel can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i Discharge control of (1); charging control channel and charging control channel L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 1 Follow current path, charging energy buffer path and switching tube S p The on-off of the battery can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i The charging control of (1).
The invention relates to a control method of a multiport converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging, which is characterized in that:
in the multi-port converter, an electric vehicle battery B correspondingly connected to an electric vehicle integrated port 1 and an electric vehicle integrated port 2 1 、B 2 .....B m The battery B is in a discharge state and is correspondingly connected with an electric vehicle integrated port m +1, an electric vehicle integrated port m +2 \8230 \ 8230and an electric vehicle integrated port n-1 m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 In a charged state, and having: 0<m&N-1; respectively obtained according to the following steps: switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m Duty cycle d of 1 、d 2 ……d m Switching tube S m+1 '、S m+2 '……S n-1 Duty cycle of d m+1 '、d m+2 '……d n-1 ', switch tube S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p Duty ratio d of 11 、d 111 、d 22 、d 222 And d p ', and diode D p On duty cycle d of p And using the obtained duty cycle d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The drive pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, thereby realizing the purpose of charging the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 .....B m Discharge control and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 The charging control of (2):
step a, detecting to obtain an electric vehicle battery B i Terminal voltage V of i And a DC bus voltage V dc (ii) a Given electric vehicle battery B i Power set point P i For a battery of an electric vehicle in a charged state, the power setting thereofValue P i Taking the power as charging power; for the battery of the electric automobile in a discharging state, the power set value P i If the discharge power is taken as the discharge power, the battery B of the electric automobile i Average current I of i Comprises the following steps: i is i ＝P i /V i For a battery of an electric vehicle in a charged state, the average current I i For average charging current, for an electric vehicle battery in a discharged state, the average current I i Is the average discharge current;
step b, solving and obtaining the duty ratio d in the joint type (1) - (6) 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d p The value of';
d ip '(V dc -V fv -r dc I idc )-d i '(V i +V fv +r i I i )-r L2 (I i +I idc )＝0，i＝m+1……n-1 (4)，
i, j =1.. Eta.m, and i ≠ j (5),
i, j = m +1.. N-1, and i ≠ j (6),
wherein d is ip ', i = m +1, m +2 \ 8230; n-1 isDuty ratio d p 'the i' th segment takes on values of
V fv Is the voltage drop across a single switching tube;
r i is an electric vehicle battery B i Internal resistance of (d);
r dc the equivalent resistance of the direct current side port is set to be 450m omega;
I dc the average current flowing into the direct current side port is set to be 0;
I idc i = m +1, m +2 \ 8230, 8230and n-1, corresponding to the battery B of the electric vehicle i During charging, the average value of current flowing out of the direct current side port is made to be 0;
r L1 and r L2 Are respectively an inductance L 1 And an inductance L 2 The parasitic resistance of (2);
step c, if the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p If the formula (7) and the formula (8) are satisfied simultaneously, entering the step e, otherwise entering the step d;
step d, mixing I dc And I (m+1)dc ……I (n-1)dc Respectively adding a step pitch of 0.01, and substituting the step pitch into the equation system obtained by the simultaneous equations (1) to (6) to obtain the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p ' repeating step c;
step e, obtaining by calculation using the formula (9) and the formula (10)Duty ratio d 11 ，d 22 ，d 111 And d 222 ；
Step f, utilizing the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The drive pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, thereby realizing the purpose of charging the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 .....B m Discharge control and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 The charging control of (1).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multi-port converter has the function of realizing simultaneous charging and discharging of the electric automobile, namely, part of the electric automobile can be charged and part of the electric automobile can be discharged, so that the interaction between the multi-port converter and a power grid can be realized, and a foundation is laid for realizing the function of providing auxiliary service for the power grid;
2. the multi-port converter can be used for integrating an electric automobile, so that a plurality of originally required separated power converters are replaced by a single power converter, the structure is simpler and more compact, the number of used elements is reduced, the cost is lower, the size is smaller, and the power density is higher;
3. in the multi-port converter, power between ports is converted into single-stage conversion, and compared with the traditional method adopting a plurality of separated converters, the multi-port converter has the advantages of few power conversion stages and higher efficiency;
4. the multi-port converter is easier to realize centralized control without coordination of communication channels, so that the reliability is higher;
5. the control method of the multiport converter adopts the idea of time-sharing energy transmission; when the electric automobiles discharge, the energy in each electric automobile passes through the inductor L 1 Transmitting the data to a power grid in a time-sharing manner; when the electric automobile is charged, the inductor L is utilized 2 Transmitting the energy in the power grid to each electric automobile in a time-sharing manner; thus, the inductance L is not large because the energy per transfer is not large 1 And L 2 A smaller inductance value can be used which is advantageous in reducing the size and weight of the overall system and increasing the power density of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method for a multi-port converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the switch of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the switch tubes, diodes and inductors L of the multi-port converter of the present invention 1 And L 2 Current waveform diagrams in (1);
fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d are schematic diagrams illustrating the effect of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the structural form of the multi-port converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging is as follows:
the multi-port converter has n ports, and in the embodiment, n =5; the 1 st port to the n-1 st port in the n ports are totally n-1 ports which are respectively used for being connected with a battery of the electric automobile, and the n-1 ports are respectively an electric automobile integrated port 1, an electric automobile integrated port 2 \8230 \ 8230and an electric automobile integrated port n-1 which are marked as follows: an electric automobile integrated port i, i =1,2,3 \ 8230n-1; and the nth port of the n ports is used for being connected with a direct-current bus in the direct-current microgrid, and the nth port is a direct-current side port.
As shown in FIG. 1, the switch tube S is used in this embodiment i And a diode D i Forming a discharge control channel of the integrated port i of the electric automobile to switch the tube S i ' AND diode D i The charging control channel forming an electric vehicle integrated port i; electric automobile battery B connected to integrated port i of electric automobile i Positive terminal and switching tube S i Collector electrode of (2) and diode D i ' the cathodes of the two are connected together, the switch tube S i Emitter and diode D i Is connected to the anode of a diode D i ' Anode and switch tube S i ' the emitter of the switch tube is connected with the switch tube S i ' collector and diode D i The cathodes of (a) are connected together as a connection point O; the negative pole of the DC bus connected to the DC side port and the switch tube S p Emitter and diode D p Are commonly connected with the anode of the switch tube S p Collector and diode D p Is connected to the connection point O, and the positive electrode of the dc bus and the negative electrodes of all the electric vehicle batteries are connected to the connection point N.
An inductor L is arranged between the connection point O and the connection point N 1 And a switching tube S 11 Formed discharge energy buffer channel, formed by inductor L 2 And a switching tube S 22 Formed charging energy buffer channel and composed of switch tube S 111 And a diode D 111 Formed inductance L 1 And a switch tube S 222 And a diode D 222 Formed inductance L 2 A follow current channel of (2); wherein, the inductance L 1 One terminal of (1), diode D 111 Cathode, inductor L 2 And a diode D 222 Is connected to the connection point O, the inductor L 1 The other end of the switch tube S 11 Collector electrode and switching tube S 111 Are commonly connected with the collector of the switching tube S 111 Emitter and diode D 111 Is connected with the anode of the inductor L 2 The other end of the switch tube S 22 Emitter and switching tube S 222 Are commonly connected with the emitting electrodes of the switching tube S 222 Collector and diode D 222 Is connected with the cathode of the switching tube S 11 Emitter and switch tube S 22 Are connected in common to a connection point N.
Discharge control channel L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 2 The on-off of the follow current channel and the discharge energy buffer channel can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i The discharge control of (3); charging control channel and L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 1 Follow current path, charging energy buffer path and switching tube S p The on-off of the battery can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i The charging control of (1).
Referring to fig. 2, the control method of the multi-port converter for charging and discharging the electric vehicle cluster in the present embodiment is as follows:
in the multi-port converter, an electric vehicle battery B correspondingly connected to an electric vehicle integrated port 1 and an electric vehicle integrated port 2 1 、B 2 .....B m The battery B is in a discharge state and is correspondingly connected with an electric vehicle integrated port m +1, an electric vehicle integrated port m +2 \8230 \ 8230and an electric vehicle integrated port n-1 m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 In a charged state, and having: 0<m&N-1, wherein m =2,n =5 in the embodiment; respectively obtained according to the following steps: switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m Duty cycle d of 1 、d 2 ……d m Switching tube S m+1 '、S m+2 '……S n-1 Duty cycle of d m+1 '、d m+2 '……d n-1 ', switch tube S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p Duty ratio d of 11 、d 111 、d 22 、d 222 And d p ', and diode D p On duty cycle d of p And using the obtained duty cycle d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The drive pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, thereby realizing the purpose of charging the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 .....B m Discharge control of (2) and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 The charging control of (1):
step a, detecting to obtain an electric vehicle battery B i Terminal voltage V of i And a DC bus voltage V dc (ii) a Given electric vehicle battery B i Power set point P i For the battery of the electric vehicle in the charging state, the power setting value P i Taking the power as charging power; for the battery of the electric automobile in a discharging state, the power set value P i If the discharge power is taken as the discharge power, the battery B of the electric automobile i Average current I of i Comprises the following steps: I.C. A i ＝P i /V i Average current I for a battery of an electric vehicle in a charged state i For average charging current, average current I for batteries of electric vehicles in the discharged state i Is the average discharge current.
Step b, solving and obtaining the duty ratio d in the joint type (1) - (6) 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d p The value of';
d ip '(V dc -V fv -r dc I idc )-d i '(V i +V fv +r i I i )-r L2 (I i +I idc )＝0，i＝m+1……n-1(4)，
i, j =1.. Eta.m, and i ≠ j (5),
i, j = m +1.. N-1, and i ≠ j (6),
wherein d is ip ', i = m +1, m +2 \ 8230, n-1, duty ratio d p 'the i' th segment takes on values of
V fv The voltage drop of the two ends of a single switch tube can be obtained from the product specification of the switch tube, and V is taken in the embodiment fv ＝0.7V；
r i Is an electric vehicle battery B i The value of the internal resistance can be obtained from the product specification of the battery of the electric automobile, and r is taken in the embodiment 1 ＝615mΩ，r 2 ＝767mΩ，r 3 ＝610mΩ，r 4 ＝770mΩ；
r dc The equivalent resistance of the direct current side port is set to be 450m omega;
I dc the average current flowing into the direct current side port is set to be 0;
I idc i = m +1, m +2, 8230, n-1, corresponding to battery B of electric vehicle i During charging, the average value of current flowing out of the direct current side port is made to be 0;
r L1 and r L2 Are respectively an inductance L 1 And an inductance L 2 The value of the parasitic resistance of (2) can be obtained from the product specification of the inductor,
in this example, r is taken L1 ＝252mΩ，r L2 ＝177mΩ；
Step c, if the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p If the formula (7) and the formula (8) are satisfied simultaneously, step e is entered, otherwise step d is entered;
step d, mixing I dc And I (m+1)dc ……I (n-1)dc Respectively increasing a step pitch by 0.01, and then substituting the step pitch into the equation set obtained by the joint equations (1) to (6) to solve and obtain the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p ' repeating step c;
step e, calculating and obtaining the duty ratio d by using the formula (9) and the formula (10) 11 ，d 22 ，d 111 And d 222 ；
Step f, utilizing duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p To control the drive pulse ofOn/off of the battery, thereby realizing the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 .....B m Discharge control and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 .....B n-1 The charging control of (1).
Referring to fig. 3, the switch tube S in this embodiment 1 、S 2 ，S 3 '、S 4 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p In any one switching period T s The inner theoretical switching sequence is:
assuming that "1" indicates that the switch tube is turned on, and "0" indicates that the switch tube is turned off; any one switching period T s Can be divided into 1 to 8 stages in total, as shown in figure 3; first, in phase 1, only the switching tube S is switched 1 、S 11 And S 222 Conducting; secondly, only the switch tube S is switched in phase 2 11 And S 222 Conducting; in phase 3, only the switch tube S 2 、S 11 And S 222 Conducting; in phase 4, only the transistor S is switched 11 And S 222 Conducting; in phase 5, only the switch tube S p 、S 22 And S 111 Conducting; in phase 6, only switch tube S 3 '、S 22 And S 111 Conducting; in phase 7, only the switch tube S p 、S 22 And S 111 Conducting; in phase 8, only the transistor S is switched 4 '、S 22 And S 111 And conducting.
Referring to fig. 4, the inductor L in this embodiment 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p In any one switching period T s The internal theoretical changes are:
any one switching period T s Each of the eight stages can be divided into 1 to 8, as shown in fig. 4, and the eight stages correspond to the eight stages shown in fig. 3 one by one; wherein, the stage 1-2 corresponds to the battery B of the electric automobile 1 Inductance L during discharge 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p Current theory change in (1); in phase 1, the inductance L 1 And diode D 1 The current in the inductor increases linearly in the same proportion, and the inductance L 2 The current in (1) decreases linearly, and in phase 2, the inductance L 1 And diode D p The current in the inductor is linearly reduced by the same proportion, and the inductance L 2 The current in (2) continues to decrease linearly; stage 3-4 corresponds to battery B of electric vehicle 2 Inductance L during discharge 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p Current theory change in (1); in phase 3, the inductance L 1 And diode D 2 The current in the inductor increases linearly in the same proportion, and the inductance L 2 The current in (1) decreases linearly, and in phase 4, the inductance L 1 And diode D p The current in the inductor is linearly reduced by the same proportion, and the inductance L 2 The current in (1) continues to decrease linearly; stage 5-6 corresponds to battery B of electric vehicle 3 Inductance L during charging 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p Current theory change in (1); in phase 5, the inductance L 2 And a switching tube S p The current in the inductor increases linearly in the same proportion, and the inductance L 1 The current in (1) decreases linearly, and in phase 6, the inductance L 2 And diode D 3 The current in the' decreases linearly with the same ratio, inductance L 1 The current in (1) continues to decrease linearly; stage 7-8 corresponds to battery B of electric vehicle 4 Inductance L during charging 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p Current theory change in (1); in phase 7, the inductance L 2 And a switching tube S p The current in the inductor increases linearly in the same proportion, and the inductance L 1 The current in (1) decreases linearly, and in phase 8, the inductance L 2 And diode D 4 The current in the' decreases linearly with the same ratio, inductance L 1 The current in (1) continues to decrease linearly.
The feasibility of the multi-port converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging and the control method thereof in the embodiment is subjected to simulation verification, and the switching period T is obtained in simulation s =0.0001s, the simulation results are shown in fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5 d:
after the control method in this embodiment is implemented, the diode D is obtained through simulation p On duty cycle d of p And a switch tube S 1 、S 2 ，S 3 '、S 4 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p Duty cycle d of 1 、d 2 、d 3 '、d 4 '、d 11 、d 111 、d 22 、d 222 And d p The value of' is shown in FIG. 5a, where d 3p '+d 4p '＝d p '。
Referring to fig. 5b, after the control method in this embodiment is implemented, the simulated switching tube S is obtained 1 、S 2 ，S 3 '、S 4 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p In a switching period T s The internal switching timing is the same as the theoretical switching timing shown in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 5c and 5d, after the control method in the embodiment is implemented, the inductor L is obtained through simulation 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 '、D 4 ' and D p And a switching tube S p In a switching period T s The inner variation is the same as the theoretical variation shown in FIG. 4, and the description will be given of the electric vehicle battery B 1 、B 2 Is in a discharge state, and is used as a battery B of an electric automobile 3 、B 4 In a charged state.
It can be seen from the simulation results in fig. 5a to 5D that the diode D can be obtained after the control method in the embodiment is implemented p On duty cycle d of p Switch tube S 1 、S 2 ，S 3 '、S 4 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p Duty ratio d of 1 、d 2 、d 3 '、d 4 '、d 11 、d 111 、d 22 、d 222 And d p ' and form the switching tube S 1 、S 2 ，S 3 '、S 4 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The driving pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, so that the battery B of the electric automobile can be further realized 1 、B 2 And a battery B for an electric vehicle 3 、B 4 The feasibility of the multi-port converter and the control method thereof in the embodiment is verified.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-port converter for electric automobile cluster charging and discharging is characterized in that:
the multi-port converter has n ports; the 1 st port to the n-1 st port in the n ports are totally n-1 ports which are respectively used for being connected with an electric automobile battery, and the n-1 ports are respectively an electric automobile integrated port 1, an electric automobile integrated port 2 \8230 \ 8230 \ 8230and an electric automobile integrated port n-1, which are marked as follows: an electric automobile integrated port i, i =1,2,3 \ 8230n-1; the nth port of the n ports is used for being connected with a direct-current bus in the direct-current microgrid, and the nth port is a direct-current side port;
by switching the tube S i And a diode D i Form a discharge control channel of an integrated port i of the electric automobile to switch a tube S i ' and diode D i The charging control channel forming an electric vehicle integrated port i; electric automobile battery B connected to electric automobile integrated port i i Positive terminal and switching tube S i Collector electrode of (2) and diode D i 'the cathodes of the' are connected together, the switching tube S i Emitter and diode D i Is connected to the anode of a diode D i ' the anode and the switch tube S i ' the emitter is connected with a switch tube S i ' collector and diode D i The cathodes of (a) are connected together as a connection point O; the negative pole of the DC bus connected to the DC side port and the switch tube S p Emitter and 2Polar tube D p Are connected together by a switching tube S p Collector and diode D p The cathodes of the direct current buses and the cathodes of all the batteries of the electric automobile are connected to a connection point N;
an inductor L is arranged between the connection point O and the connection point N 1 And a switching tube S 11 Formed discharge energy buffer channel, formed by an inductance L 2 And a switching tube S 22 The charging energy buffer channel is composed of a switch tube S 111 And a diode D 111 Formed inductor L 1 And a switch tube S 222 And a diode D 222 Formed inductor L 2 A follow current channel of (1); wherein, the inductance L 1 One terminal of (1), diode D 111 Cathode, inductor L 2 And a diode D 222 Is connected to the connection point O, the inductance L 1 The other end of the switch tube S 11 Collector electrode of (2) and switching tube S 111 Are commonly connected with the collector of the switch tube S 111 Emitter and diode D 111 Is connected with the anode of the inductor L 2 The other end of the switch tube S 22 Emitter and switching tube S 222 Are commonly connected with the emitting electrodes of the switching tube S 222 Collector and diode D 222 Is connected with the cathode of the switching tube S 11 Emitter and switch tube S 22 The collectors of the two-way capacitor are connected to a connecting point N in common;
discharge control channel and discharge control channel L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 2 The on-off of the follow current channel and the discharge energy buffer channel can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i Discharge control of (1); charging control channel and L for controlling integrated port i of electric automobile 1 Follow current path, charging energy buffer path and switching tube S p The on-off of the battery can realize the connection of the battery B of the electric automobile on the integrated port i of the electric automobile i The charging control of (1);
the control method for the multiport converter for electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging is set as follows:
at the multiple portsIn the converter, an electric vehicle battery B correspondingly connected to an electric vehicle integrated port 1 and an electric vehicle integrated port 2 \8230isset 1 、B 2 …..B m The battery B is in a discharge state and is correspondingly connected with an electric vehicle integrated port m +1, an electric vehicle integrated port m +2 \8230 \ 8230and an electric vehicle integrated port n-1 m+1 、B m+2 …..B n-1 In a charged state, and having: 0<m&N-1; respectively obtained according to the following steps: switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m Duty cycle d of 1 、d 2 ……d m Switching tube S m+1 '、S m+2 '……S n-1 ' Duty cycle d m+1 '、d m+2 '……d n-1 ', switch tube S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p Duty cycle d of 11 、d 111 、d 22 、d 222 And d p ', and diode D p On duty cycle d of p And using the obtained duty cycle d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The drive pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, thereby realizing the purpose of charging the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 …..B m Discharge control and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 …..B n-1 The charging control of (1):
step a, detecting to obtain an electric vehicle battery B i Terminal voltage V of i And a DC bus voltage V dc (ii) a Given electric vehicle battery B i Power set point P i For the battery of the electric vehicle in the charging state, the power setting value P i Taking the power as charging power; for the battery of the electric automobile in a discharging state, the power set value P i If the discharge power is taken as the discharge power, the battery B of the electric automobile i Average current ofI i Comprises the following steps: i is i ＝P i /V i For a battery of an electric vehicle in a charged state, the average current I i For average charging current, for an electric vehicle battery in a discharged state, the average current I i Is the average discharge current;
step b, solving and obtaining the duty ratio d in the joint type (1) - (6) 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d p The value of';
d ip '(V dc -V fv -r dc I idc )-d i '(V i +V fv +r i I i )-r L2 (I i +I idc )＝0，i＝m+1……n-1 (4)，
i, j =1 \ 8230j.. M, and i ≠ j (5),
i, j = m +1 \ 8230n-1, and i ≠ j (6),
wherein, d ip ', i = m +1, m +2 \ 8230, n-1, duty ratio d p 'section i' has a value of
V fv Is the voltage drop across a single switching tube;
r i is an electric vehicle battery B i Internal resistance of (d);
r dc the equivalent resistance of the direct current side port is set to be 450m omega;
I dc the average current flowing into the direct current side port is set to be 0;
I idc i = m +1, m +2, 8230, n-1, corresponding to battery B of electric vehicle i During charging, the average value of current flowing out of the direct current side port is made to be 0;
r L1 and r L2 Are respectively an inductance L 1 And an inductance L 2 The parasitic resistance of (1);
step c, if the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p If the formula (7) and the formula (8) are satisfied simultaneously, entering the step e, otherwise entering the step d;
step d, mixing I dc And I (m+1)dc ……I (n-1)dc Respectively increasing a step pitch by 0.01, and then substituting the step pitch into the equation set obtained by the joint equations (1) to (6) to solve and obtain the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d p And d (m+1)p '......d (n-1)p ' repeating step c;
step e, calculating and obtaining the duty ratio d by using the formula (9) and the formula (10) 11 ，d 22 ，d 111 And d 222 ；
Step f, utilizing the duty ratio d 1 ……d m ，d m+1 '……d n-1 '，d 11 ，d 111 ，d 22 ，d 222 And d p ' separately forming a switching tube S 1 ……S m ，S m+1 '……S n-1 '，S 11 、S 111 、S 22 、S 222 And S p The drive pulse is used for controlling the on-off of the battery, thereby realizing the purpose of charging the battery B of the electric automobile 1 、B 2 …..B m Discharge control and for electric vehicle battery B m+1 、B m+2 …..B n-1 The charging control of (1).
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| CN102215261A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Electric vehicle intelligent interactive charging network cluster system |
| CN103619643A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-03-05 | 电动汽车专利控股有限责任公司 | Electric vehicle clustered charge distribution and prioritization method, system, and apparatus |
| CN103996078A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 重庆大学 | Charging and discharging optimization control method for electric vehicle cluster |
| CN104973472A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-14 | 苏州工业园区设计研究院股份有限公司 | Energy saving device and method for dispatching of regenerated electric energy of clustering elevators through direct-current micro-grid |
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| CN102570571A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Mixed energy storage device for automobile |
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| CN103619643A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-03-05 | 电动汽车专利控股有限责任公司 | Electric vehicle clustered charge distribution and prioritization method, system, and apparatus |
| CN102215261A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Electric vehicle intelligent interactive charging network cluster system |
| CN103996078A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 重庆大学 | Charging and discharging optimization control method for electric vehicle cluster |
| CN104973472A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-14 | 苏州工业园区设计研究院股份有限公司 | Energy saving device and method for dispatching of regenerated electric energy of clustering elevators through direct-current micro-grid |
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