CN107681175A - The optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells - Google Patents
The optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN107681175A CN107681175A CN201710858723.9A CN201710858723A CN107681175A CN 107681175 A CN107681175 A CN 107681175A CN 201710858723 A CN201710858723 A CN 201710858723A CN 107681175 A CN107681175 A CN 107681175A
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- flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of a proton exchanging film fuel battery, its structure is：One group is combined as by water plate on water plate on 6 pieces of gas block panels, 1 piece of side and 1 piece of centre, the total length depending on cathode flow channels sets N component bodies to be arranged in cathode flow channels.Centre position in runner at interval of three and four gas block panels is equipped with water plate and middle upper water plate on one piece of side for tilting 150 degree clockwise.Gas block panel tilts 30 degree clockwise and contacted with the side wall of cathode flow channels, and water plate be T-shaped structure the centre on, and above water plate guides upper wall surface of the aqueous water along cathode flow channels to flow out for water plate and centre on side, and the spacing between each gas block panel is arranged to 6mm.The optimization of the cathode flow channel structure can strengthen two kinds of functions of aqueous water discharge and oxygen transmission, significantly improve fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film " water logging " and oxygen-deficient phenomenon, lift the performance of fuel cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemical fuel cell field, and in particular to the structure dress of flow channels for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Put.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is a kind of electrification that chemical energy in fuel can be converted into electric energy
Reaction power device is learned, there is high power density and zero carbon emission, is widely regarded as in the future in most possible substitution
Device of the combustion engine as automobile power.At present also there is very big room for promotion in proton exchange film fuel battery performance and life-span,
Wherein the good and bad of water management and reacting gas transmission is the key factor for influenceing its performance.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be under negative electrode generation water, specific operation (such as when working：High current density) have can
" water logging " phenomenon can occur, that is, the water generated can not exclude in time, and cause the passage for blocking reacting gas transmission.At present simultaneously
Reacting gas in runner is largely to enter electrode by the form of diffusion, and speed is slower, and these phenomenons can cause fuel electric
Pool cathode exit oxygen wretched insufficiency, so as to reduce the performance of fuel cell and life-span.Therefore, the moon to fuel cell is passed through
Pole runner optimizes design to promote negative electrode to produce the discharge of water and the transmission of oxygen, is lifting fuel battery performance and life-span
A key means.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of a proton exchanging film fuel battery, flowing
Split type deflector structure is set in road, so as to the oxygen that promotes cathode reaction generation water discharge and participate in from runner to react from
Enter electrode in runner, lift the performance of fuel cell.
The technical scheme is that：The optimization of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Structure, the runner of fuel cell are divided into two regions of negative electrode and anode by PEM, and cathode plate fluting forms negative electrode
Runner, it is gas diffusion layers below cathode flow channels.The setting structure of cell cathode flow channel deflector is split type assembling
Its technical scheme is：Water plate on gas block panel, side, on centre water plate as deflector split settings in cathode flow channels
In, wherein：Gas block panel tilts 30 degree clockwise and contacted with the side wall of cathode flow channels, at interval of three and four in cathode flow channels
The centre position of individual gas block panel is equipped with water plate and middle upper water plate on one piece of side for tilting 150 degree clockwise.By 6 blocks of gear gas
Water plate on plate, 1 piece of side, water plate is combined as one group on 1 piece of centre, and the total length depending on cathode flow channels sets N groups, water plate on centre
For T-shaped structure, the upper wall surface outflow of water plate and middle upper water plate guiding aqueous water along cathode flow channels on side, between each gas block panel
Spacing be arranged to 6mm.
The overall structure of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is as shown in Figure 1.The runner of fuel cell is split by PEM
Into two regions of cathode and anode, the structure in two regions corresponds to identical, all including pole plate, runner, gas diffusion layers (GDL) and urges
Change layer (CL) etc..During operation of fuel cells, the air and hydrogen of humidification enter in air stream enter runner from the entrance of cathode and anode respectively, then
Reached through gas diffusion layers and reaction is participated in Catalytic Layer.Course of reaction Anodic Catalytic Layer consumes hydrogen, the hydrogen ion of generation
Cathode catalysis layer can be reached directly through PEM, and the electronics generated can only reach cathode catalysis layer by external circuit,
So as to form the circuit of a connection, and reach hydrogen ion and the generation of the oxygen reaction of electronics and negative electrode of cathode catalysis layer
Water.The characteristics of split type be by different deflector separable assembleds in runner, can strengthen aqueous water discharge and oxygen transmission two
Kind function.
The features of the present invention and caused beneficial effect are：The cathode flow channel structure letter of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
It is single, it is easy to process, it can be conveniently placed in cathode flow channels.On the one hand the structure can promote the row of aqueous water in cathode flow channels
Go out, the passage for preventing liquid water slug reacting gas from transmitting, while runner can also be promoted by strengthening gaseous exchange effect
Oxygen enters electrode, prevents the conversion zone in electrode from oxygen-deficient phenomenon occur, lifts the performance of fuel cell.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is principle of the invention structural upright schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 cross-section structure schematic diagrams.
Fig. 4 is battery performance effect contrast figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is oxygen mean concentration comparison diagram in Catalytic Layer of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are to represent the flow condition of the structure runner edges and middle drop by upper water plate.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that
The present embodiment is narrative, rather than limited, does not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
The concrete structure of cathode flow channels deflector split settings is：Water plate 2 on gas block panel 1, side, water plate 3 is made on centre
It is deflector split settings in cathode flow channels, wherein：Gas block panel tilts 30 degree clockwise and contacted with the side wall of cathode flow channels.
Centre position at interval of three and four gas block panels in cathode flow channels is equipped with one piece of side for tilting 150 degree clockwise
Water plate and middle upper water plate.One group is combined as by water plate on water plate on 6 pieces of gas block panels, 1 piece of side, 1 piece of centre, depending on cathode flow channels
Total length N groups are set, the upper water plate in centre is T-shaped structure, and water plate is pair bar shapeds on side.Water plate and middle upper water plate on side
Upper wall surface of the aqueous water along cathode flow channels is guided to flow out, the spacing between each gas block panel is arranged to 6mm.
As embodiment, cathode flow channels length is 90mm, and length of the every group of deflector in cathode flow channels is 30mm, so
Embodiment runner is provided with 3 groups of deflectors altogether.
The width and height of cathode flow channels are 1.0mm.Gas block panel width is 1.0mm, thickness 0.1mm, on gas block panel
End face distance cathode flow channels upper wall surface is 0.2mm, and gas block panel lower surface is 0.1mm apart from cathode flow channels lower wall surface.Gas block panel two
Side end face contacts with cathode flow channels side wall, and gas block panel and the angle of aqueous water flow direction are 30 degree, is used as and divides in cathode flow channels
The deflector that body is set, wherein first piece of gas block panel lower surface is 4.3mm (such as Fig. 2) apart from cathode flow channels entrance.
Water plate width is 0.3mm, length 1.4mm, thickness 0.1mm on side.Side Shang Shuiban lower surfaces and negative electrode
Runner lower wall surface contacts, and both sides end face contacts with cathode flow channels side wall, and water plate and the angle of aqueous water flow direction are on side
30 degree.
Water plate upper end width is 1.0mm, length 0.3mm, thickness 0.1mm on centre, water plate lower end width on centre
For 0.4mm, length 1.1mm.Water plate lower surface contacts with runner lower wall surface on centre, water plate and aqueous water flowing side on centre
To angle be 30 degree.
The deflector of split-type structural is fixed to beside cathode flow channels in the groove of pole plate by embedded method, overall
Formula structure then by plate both sides elastic conjunction, is fixed in cathode flow channels.
Cathode flow channel structure optimization mainly devises the work(of the deflector, wherein gas block panel of two kinds of difference in functionality structures
Can promote the oxygen in runner to enter to participate in reaction in electrode, and the function of water plate is then guiding aqueous water on side, centre
The contact surface of runner and gas diffusion layers (runner lower wall surface) is left, allows its upper wall surface along runner to flow out (runner upper wall surface
With stronger hydrophily), prevent it from blocking the passage that gas enters electrode.
In the present embodiment, flow channel length is 90mm, and 1/3 (30mm) is only gived in figure.
In cathode flow channels deflector whole installation, the function of keeping off air parcel is to promote the oxygen in runner to enter in electrode to join
With reaction, the function of upper gas block panel is to try to the gas of upper channel introducing lower channel, and the function of water plate is also on side, centre
Guiding aqueous water leaves the contact surface of runner and gas diffusion layers (runner lower wall surface), allows its upper channel along runner to flow out,
Prevent it from blocking the passage that gas enters electrode, the function of water fender is to prevent the liquid water stream of upper channel to lower channel.
Two briquette fuel batteries of the present embodiment, wherein the cathode flow channels of first piece of battery are not optimized normal flow
Road, the cathode flow channels of second piece of battery employ split-type structural optimization design.This two pieces of batteries are except the structure of cathode flow channels
The material of difference, remaining structure and use is identical.Two pieces of batteries are tested under same operating, and battery is with permanent electricity
Die pressing type is run, and its running temperature is 80 DEG C, and negative electrode is passed through the air of humidification, and it is 80% that it, which humidifies degree, and charge flow rate (does not wrap
Containing water vapor) it is 1.50 × 10-6Kg/s, anode are passed through the hydrogen of humidification, and it is 90% that it, which humidifies degree, and charge flow rate (does not include
Vapor) it is 1.55 × 10-7Kg/s, the pressure of anode and cathode outlet is an atmospheric pressure.
Accompanying drawing 4 give two pieces of batteries polarization curve and net power output (gross output subtracts import pumping loss
Power) contrast.It can be seen that split type optimization structure improves the performance of fuel cell.
Accompanying drawing 5 gives the average value of oxygen concentration in two pieces of cell cathode catalyst layers, as can be seen from the figure：Same
Under current density, the optimization structure improves the oxygen concentration of reaction zone.What deserves to be explained is this experiment cathode flow channels length is only
90mm is taken, runner is longer in the monocell of reality, and its cathode flow channels end anaerobic condition is more serious, so as to the design couple
The lifting of monocell performance can be more obvious.
In order to understand the flow condition of aqueous water in runner, the present embodiment has carried out aqueous water short core flow simulation test.Trying
In testing, one section of region as simulation for best embodying aqueous water flow condition in cathode flow channels near upper water plate is taken, runner enters
The flow velocity of mouth is 12m/s.In accompanying drawing 6, figure a, b represent that side and middle drop pass through upper water in split type optimization structure respectively
The flow condition (t represents the time) of plate, it can be seen that the aqueous water overwhelming majority of runner lower wall surface can pass through upper water plate
Discharged after being moved to the upper wall surface of runner.The optimization structure can effectively reduce the aqueous water for being attached to runner lower wall surface, promote liquid
The discharge of state water.
Claims (5)
1. the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the runner of fuel cell is by PEM point
Two regions of negative electrode and anode are cut into, cathode plate fluting forms cathode flow channels, is gas diffusion layers below cathode flow channels, its
It is characterized in：Water plate on gas block panel, side, on centre water plate as deflector split settings in cathode flow channels, wherein：Gas block panel
(1) tilt 30 degree clockwise to contact with the side wall of cathode flow channels, at interval of three and four gas block panels in cathode flow channels
Centre position is equipped with water plate (2) and middle upper water plate (3) on one piece of side for tilting 150 degree clockwise, by 6 pieces of gas block panels, 1
Water plate on block side, water plate is combined as one group on 1 piece of centre, and the total length depending on cathode flow channels sets N groups, and water plate is T on centre
Shape structure, the upper wall surface outflow of water plate and middle upper water plate guiding aqueous water along cathode flow channels on side, between each gas block panel
Spacing is arranged to 6mm.
2. according to the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The cathode flow channels width and height are 1.0mm, and the gas block panel width is 1mm, thickness 0.1mm, gas block panel upper surface
It is 0.2mm apart from cathode flow channels upper wall surface, gas block panel lower surface is 0.1mm apart from cathode flow channels lower wall surface, gas block panel two side ends
Face contacts with cathode flow channels side wall, and gas block panel and the angle of aqueous water flow direction are 30 degree, are set in cathode flow channels as split
The deflector put, wherein first piece of gas block panel lower surface is 4.3mm apart from cathode flow channels entrance.
3. according to the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Water plate width is 0.3mm, length 1.4mm, thickness 0.1mm on the side, side Shang Shuiban lower surfaces and cathode flow channels
Lower wall surface contacts, and both sides end face contacts with cathode flow channels side wall, and water plate and the angle of aqueous water flow direction are 30 degree on side.
4. according to the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Water plate upper end width is 1.0mm, length 0.3mm, thickness 0.1mm on the centre, and water plate lower end width is on centre
0.4mm, length 1.1mm, water plate lower surface contacts with runner lower wall surface on centre, water plate and aqueous water flow direction on centre
Angle be 30 degree.
5. according to the optimization structure of the split type cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Water plate is double bar shapeds on the side.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710858723.9A CN107681175B (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | Optimization structure of split type cathode runner of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710858723.9A CN107681175B (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | Optimization structure of split type cathode runner of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| CN107681175A true CN107681175A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
| CN107681175B CN107681175B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110112433A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-09 | 天津大学 | Fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film flow-field plate |
| CN110429295A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-11-08 | 天津大学 | The mixing waveform cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells |
| CN111092243A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-01 | 太原科技大学 | Runner of fish scale bionic structure for fuel cell |
| CN113611890A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-11-05 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Streamline-shaped flow dividing structure and method of flow guide channel |
| CN113948744A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-01-18 | 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 | High-power fuel cell spray humidifier and humidification method thereof |
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| CN106033818A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-10-19 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Guide plate and fuel cell stack containing the same |
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| CN2886819Y (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-04-04 | 胜光科技股份有限公司 | Cathode flow channel structure for fuel battery |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113611890A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-11-05 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Streamline-shaped flow dividing structure and method of flow guide channel |
| CN110112433A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-09 | 天津大学 | Fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film flow-field plate |
| CN110112433B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-02-18 | 天津大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode flow field plate |
| CN110429295A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-11-08 | 天津大学 | The mixing waveform cathode flow channels of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells |
| CN111092243A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-01 | 太原科技大学 | Runner of fish scale bionic structure for fuel cell |
| CN113948744A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-01-18 | 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 | High-power fuel cell spray humidifier and humidification method thereof |
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