CN107680359A - A kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover - Google Patents
A kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover Download PDFInfo
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- CN107680359A CN107680359A CN201710917082.XA CN201710917082A CN107680359A CN 107680359 A CN107680359 A CN 107680359A CN 201710917082 A CN201710917082 A CN 201710917082A CN 107680359 A CN107680359 A CN 107680359A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
- H04L67/025—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover, and it includes manhole cover body, and the functional circuitry being installed in manhole cover body；The functional circuitry includes well lid position sensor, controller, LoRa modules and power module；Controller uses bluetooth on-chip system BLE SoC, and it includes bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface and UART interface, and Bluetooth antenna, UART interface connection LoRa modules are wherein connected with bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface, and LoRa modules are provided with wireless receiving and dispatching antenna；Power module is well lid position sensor, controller and LoRa modules provide working power；Manhole cover body is provided with antenna installation window, the top of the antenna installation window is provided with the reinforcement that a plurality of both ends are fixed in manhole cover body, the lower section of reinforcement is provided with glass steel shoe, the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna of LoRa modules is fixed on below glass steel shoe, and between the vertical direction projection of two adjacent said ribs.The present invention is realized using LoRa technology of Internet of things to the internet of things networking of well lid and monitoring in real time, low in energy consumption, cost is low, real-time is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the well lid technical field in public utility, particularly a kind of integrated Internet of Things smart well
Lid.
Background technology
Currently, with the quickening of urbanization process, public utility development is rapid, urban water supply, draining, combustion
The buried pipe of the departments such as air and heat power, house property, electric power, telecommunications, radio and television is widely distributed to well lid enormous amount.Due to lacking
Effective monitoring and management means in real time, pry open well lid theft cable or steal the criminal offences such as well lid, breakage and rainwater punching
The situation for walking well lid happens occasionally, and not only have impact on the normal work of line related or pipeline, causes huge direct or indirect
Economic loss, and the well head for losing well lid can also cause greatly to endanger to road vehicle, pedestrian, cause to hurt sb.'s feelings or extremely
Die event.Therefore, digitlization, the wisdom management of well lid are carried out, realizes and communal facility resource is effectively supervised, it is ensured that
Social stability, people's personal safety, have important practical significance.
The monitoring of existing well lid typically realized using installing well lid monitoring device additional, mainly by monitoring moving or inclining for well lid
Ramp-like state, judge whether well lid is stolen or is flushed away, and then directly warns directly scene alarm by sound/light, or pass through phase
The cordless communication network answered occurs to long-range control centre's monitoring system to be alerted, and is had nothing in common with each other in specific implementation,
Larger difference be present in terms of the manufacturing cost, O＆M cost and engineering practicability that cause device.Further, since well lid distribution is wide
General, most rainwater and cesspool cover are without commercial power supply circuit, therefore the power supply mode and communication mode of well lid monitoring device
Need to consider；Meanwhile the well lid of cast iron, cement material is to shielding problem existing for wireless antenna, and well lid mobile status
Effective real-time judge etc., it is required for the emphasis in the design of well lid to consider.
Intelligent well cover is primarily present following shortcoming at present：
1）Installation cost is high, is not suitable for large-scale application
Existing intelligent well cover, the shifting of well lid is partly detected using ultrasonic sensor, inclination sensor, pressure sensor
Dynamic, normal state needs to keep the power supply to sensor, and sensor and corresponding detection circuit cost are higher.In addition, ultrasonic wave
Sensor, inclination sensor or burn out detection sensing circuit easily occur erroneous judgement alarm, influenceed when vehicle rolls well lid
Theft-prevention applications；
2）Device power consumption is higher, and performance is impracticable
Well lid monitors, and main purpose is the presence or absence of detection well lid（Whether it is stolen or washes away）, part intelligent well cover adds water level
Monitoring function, and it is long-range realize that well lid closes open function, particularly the latter, it is necessary to the larger drive mechanism of power, it is and real
It is little with value, increase device power consumption on foot, can also increase the trouble degree that Field Force opens well lid.In addition, part well lid in order to
Power consumption is saved, normal state does not work, only extremely（It is stolen or washes away）Just worked during generation, monitoring system can not know device
Daily state, can not judgment means itself whether broken down；
3）Communicated using GPRS, O＆M cost is high
Existing intelligent well cover and monitoring system communication mode are communicated using GPRS more, or using Beidou communication, it is necessary to which paying makes
With when well lid quantity is big, day-to-day operation cost is a larger burden to administrative department；In addition, GPRS communication or
The power consumption of Beidou communication module is high, necessarily results in the need for configuring the power supply of Large Copacity or using civil power, further increase system into
Sheet and construction and installation cost；
4）Internet of Things networking function deficiency
Intelligent well cover monitoring is the part of smart city, and the monitoring place important to part, well lid administrative department can arrange
Special messenger carries out inspection, and intelligent well cover should be able to provide the easily mutual contact mode with patrol officer, i.e. people and thing is connected；The opposing party
Face, user of the citizen as urban operating mechanism, the information that convenient approach inquires about well lid for citizen should be provided（Such as mount message and
Maintenance management information）, to facilitate user accurately to provide repairing information to management organization when finding manhole cover damage, improve citizen couple
Municipal manages participation；
5）Function expansibility deficiency
Intelligent well cover mainly considers from a safety viewpoint, the presence or absence of key monitoring well lid；In addition, it is directed to some specific measuring points, example
Biogas concentration such as densely inhabited district's pipeline is excessive, is easily caused explosion hazard, it is necessary to carry out biogas monitoring；Important rain pipe
Road, part measuring point need to monitor water level；Or the supervision in environmental protection considers, part measuring point needs to carry out monitoring of water quality etc.；Cause
This, intelligent well cover is being undertaken outside the overall monitor to well lid, should also facilitate extension to access other intelligent transducers, to utilize comprehensively
Existing utility resource, smart city of building together.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover, and it is realized to well lid using technology of Internet of things
Real-time monitoring, it is low in energy consumption, cost is low, real-time is excellent.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is：A kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover, including manhole cover body, and installation
In the functional circuitry in manhole cover body；
The functional circuitry includes well lid position sensor, controller, LoRa modules and power module；
Controller uses bluetooth on-chip system BLE SoC, and it includes bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface and UART interface, wherein bluetooth without
Bluetooth antenna, UART interface connection LoRa modules are connected with line transceiver interface, LoRa modules are provided with wireless receiving and dispatching antenna；Electricity
Source module is well lid position sensor, controller and LoRa modules provide working power；
Manhole cover body is provided with antenna installation window, and well lid sheet is fixed in the top of the antenna installation window provided with a plurality of both ends
Internal reinforcement, the lower section of reinforcement are provided with printing opacity baffle plate, and the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna of LoRa modules is fixed under printing opacity baffle plate
Side, and between the vertical direction projection of two adjacent said ribs.
The present invention is in use, the mobile terminal such as well lid and outside mobile phone, tablet personal computer can be realized by Bluetooth antenna
Bluetooth wireless communication, it is easy to real-time monitoring and early warning to well lid.LoRa modules can realize the low-power consumption Internet of Things between more well lids
Net networking.
Further, present invention additionally comprises RS485 interface modules, controller also includes the second UART interface, control
Device connects RS485 interface modules by the second UART interface, and then connects external function expansion module.It may be such that the present invention
Feature-rich scalability is stronger
Preferably, the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna in LoRa modules of the present invention is bar antenna, and the reinforcement that antenna is installed on window is
Same plane is arranged in parallel, and the distance between adjacent said rib is slightly larger than the width of bar antenna.Do not use PCB antenna
And it is to send and receive signal intensity to strengthen signal to use bar antenna 4, radio communication is set to keep a larger distance,
So as to be advantageous to the installation and deployment of intelligent well cover.
Preferably, the reinforcement on antenna installation window is reinforcing bar, and printing opacity baffle plate uses transparent glass steel material.Can be
While ensureing antenna transmitting-receiving performance, the intensity of manhole cover body is not destroyed.
Further, the power module includes solar panels, rechargeable battery and charge management circuit unit；Solar energy
Plate is installed on below the printing opacity baffle plate of antenna installation window；Charge management circuit unit controls solar panels to rechargeable battery
Charging, and the power supply output of rechargeable battery.Preferably, rechargeable battery uses chargeable 18650 lithium battery of single-unit.It can fill
The Charge Management of battery is prior art.
Preferably, the controller, LoRa modules and rechargeable battery and charge management circuit unit in power module,
It is integrated in a seal box, is installed on below manhole cover body.Each pin in controller, LoRa modules and power module, by anti-
Water connector draw, can defencive function circuit part from water, sludge etc. influence, even if in the case that well lid is immersed in water,
Whole circuit arrangement remains able to work.
Preferably, the well lid position sensor includes the travel switch for being respectively arranged in well lid edge, travel switch
Including the driving ball that can be connected between well lid edge and well head side wall, drive the pressured state change of ball can driving trip switch
Contact state change, travel switch signal output part connection controller.Preferably, controller also includes waking up pin, OK
Cheng Kaiguan signal output part connects the wake-up pin.When well lid departs from inspection shaft, travel switch closure, on-chip system 1 is called out
Pin 101 of waking up detects interrupt signal, enters working condition from wake-up states at once, so ensures the real-time of monitoring.
Preferably, well lid is provided with open hole, the line of the travel switch to well lid center, with open hole into well lid
Angle between the line of the heart is between 8 ° ~ 15 °.When someone utilizes open hole open manhole cover, angular range of the present invention is set
Meter may be such that travel switch being capable of the sensitiveer displacement for quickly perceiving well lid.
Further, the well lid position sensor also includes the reflective photoelectric switch for being installed on well lid edge, instead
The line for penetrating formula optoelectronic switch and travel switch crosses well lid center；Reflective photoelectric switch utilizes the reflex sense at well head edge
Know the distance between reflective photoelectric switch and well head edge information, and transmit to controller.Preferably, well lid edge, instead
Penetrate between formula optoelectronic switch and well head edge and be additionally provided with printing opacity dividing plate.The dividing plate can use transparent glass steel, not influence reflected light
The transmission of line, while reflective photoelectric switch can be protected to avoid the influence of outside sludge rainwater etc..
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and progress：
1st, the invention comprehensively utilizes LoRa technologies, BLE technologies and photoelectric sense technology, master-plan composition component is few, collection
It is high into degree, and using low energy-consumption electronic device, device price is relatively low, on the one hand ensure that system unitary construction cost is low, is adapted to
In large-scale promotion application；On the other hand, the daily power consumption of whole device is can be controlled within 20uA, can use single-unit 18650
Chargeable lithium cell gives device power supply, without civil power or high capacity cell, promote the practical application degree of well lid；In addition,
The design of RS485 interface circuits, conveniently accessible other intelligent transducers or itself is integrated into other data acquisition survey stations,
It can be achieved to monitor a variety of physical quantitys of inspection shaft pipeline, expansible function is more, and integration is strong；
2nd, it is excellent present invention employs the scheme for being whether there is or being moved by travel switch and reflective photoelectric switch combined monitoring well lid
Point is：In price, opened relative to using other schemes, strokes of the invention such as ultrasonic sensor, inclination sensors
Pass is low with the price of reflective photoelectric switch, function is simple and reliable, low to environmental requirement.Functionally, on the one hand, can protect
The real-time and accuracy of manhole cover loss or mobile monitor are demonstrate,proved, erroneous judgement alarm is reduced, lifts practicality；On the other hand, this inspection
Survey means, the rating of set of consumption is low, ensure that the low-power consumption of device；
3rd, present invention employs the long-range well lid monitoring network of LoRa technique constructions, compared to conventional GPRS or Beidou communication side
Formula, LoRa is low in energy consumption, works in free frequency range；It is high compared to the local area network communication mode such as ZigBee/WiFi, LoRa communication distances
Up to more than 10 kilometers, thus it is the preferred embodiment of battery powered low-power consumption Internet of Things application.In addition, build scene using BLE
Communication mode, meet the short-range communication mode of the mobile terminals such as smart mobile phone or the tablet personal computer of current main-stream, be custodian
Member and public's realization communicate with the information of well lid and the day-to-day operation pipe such as provide a great convenience, facilitate inspection or report for repairment
Reason；
4th, present invention employs integrated structure design, part composition is simple, and overall cost is controllable within 200 yuan.Pass through steel
The application of muscle array and transparent glass steel, on the one hand, the radio communication of bar antenna can be realized, compared to using PCB antenna, nothing
Line communication distance is remote, possesses practical value, can also take into account the assistance application of solar panels；On the other hand, sealed compared to by circuit
The design in the groove directly contacted with ground among well lid, structure design of the invention ensure that the intensity of well lid,
Avoiding vehicle from rolling causes well lid to damage, and the strength for also avoiding rolling is directly conducted to circuit arrangement part, influences product
Service life.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show function comprising modules schematic block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 show the application system schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 show manhole cover structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover of the invention, including manhole cover body 01, and installation
Functional circuitry in manhole cover body 1；
The functional circuitry includes well lid position sensor, controller 1, LoRa modules 3 and power module；
Controller 1 uses bluetooth on-chip system BLE SoC, and it includes bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface 104 and UART interface 106, its
It is connected with Bluetooth antenna 2 on middle bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface 104, UART interface 106 connects LoRa modules 3, in LoRa modules 3
Provided with wireless receiving and dispatching antenna 4；Power module is that well lid position sensor, controller 1 and LoRa modules 3 provide working power；
Manhole cover body 01 is provided with antenna installation window, and well lid is fixed in the top of the antenna installation window provided with a plurality of both ends
Reinforcement 04 in body 01, the lower section of reinforcement 04 are provided with printing opacity baffle plate 05, and the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna 4 of LoRa modules 3 is fixed
In the lower section of printing opacity baffle plate 05, and between the vertical direction projection of two adjacent said ribs 04.
With reference to shown in figure 2, the present invention is in use, well lid and outside mobile phone, tablet personal computer can be realized by Bluetooth antenna 2
Deng the Bluetooth wireless communication of mobile terminal, it is easy to the real-time monitoring and early warning to well lid.LoRa modules can be realized between more well lids
Low-power consumption internet of things networking.
Embodiment 1
Present invention additionally comprises RS485 interface modules 7, controller 1 also includes the second UART interface 102, and controller 1 passes through
Two UART interfaces 102 connection RS485 interface modules 7, and then connect external function expansion module.It may be such that function of the present invention
Abundant scalability is stronger
Bluetooth antenna 2 of the present invention uses bluetooth PCB antenna, and the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna 4 in LoRa modules 3 is bar antenna, antenna
The reinforcement 04 installed on window is arranged in parallel for same plane, and the distance between adjacent said rib 04 is slightly larger than bar-shaped
The width of antenna 4.It is to send and receive signal intensity to strengthen signal not use PCB antenna and use bar antenna 4, makes nothing
Line communication keeps a larger distance, so as to be advantageous to the installation and deployment of intelligent well cover.
Reinforcement 04 on antenna installation window is reinforcing bar, and printing opacity baffle plate 05 uses transparent glass steel material.It can protect
While demonstrate,proving antenna transmitting-receiving performance, the intensity of manhole cover body is not destroyed.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, power module includes solar panels 10, rechargeable battery 8 and charge management circuit unit 9；Too
Positive energy plate 10 is installed on the lower section of glass steel shoe 05 of antenna installation window；Charge management circuit unit 9 control solar panels to
The charging of rechargeable battery, and the power supply output of rechargeable battery.Rechargeable battery is using the chargeable 18650 lithium electricity of single-unit
Pond.The Charge Management of rechargeable battery is prior art.
With reference to figure 3, controller 1, LoRa modules 3 and rechargeable battery and charge management circuit unit in power module,
It is integrated on a circuit board 08, is placed in seal box 6, is installed on the lower section of manhole cover body 01.Controller, LoRa modules and power supply
Each pin in module, is drawn by waterproof connector 07, can defencive function circuit part from water, sludge etc. influence, even if
In the case that well lid is immersed in water, whole circuit arrangement remains able to work.
The well lid position sensor includes the travel switch 5 for being respectively arranged in well lid edge, and travel switch 5 includes can
The driving ball being connected between well lid edge and well head side wall, drive ball pressured state change can driving trip switch contact
State change, the signal output part connection controller of travel switch.Controller also includes waking up pin 101, the letter of travel switch
Number output end connects the wake-up pin.When well lid departs from inspection shaft, travel switch closure, the wake-up pin 101 of on-chip system 1 is examined
Interrupt signal is measured, enters working condition from wake-up states at once, so ensures the real-time of monitoring.
Well lid is provided with open hole 03, and the travel switch 5 arrives the line of well lid center, well lid center is arrived with open hole 03
Line between angle between 8 ° ~ 15 °.When someone utilizes open hole open manhole cover, the design of angular range of the present invention
It may be such that travel switch being capable of the sensitiveer displacement for quickly perceiving well lid.
The well lid position sensor also includes the reflective photoelectric switch 6 for being installed on well lid edge, reflection type photoelectricity
The line of switch 6 and travel switch 5 crosses well lid center；Reflective photoelectric switch utilizes the reflex perceived reflection at well head edge
The distance between formula optoelectronic switch and well head edge information, and transmit to controller.Well lid edge, reflective photoelectric switch with
Printing opacity dividing plate 14 is additionally provided between well head edge.The dividing plate can use transparent glass steel, not influence the transmission of reflection light, simultaneously
Reflective photoelectric switch can be protected to avoid the influence of outside sludge rainwater etc..
Embodiment 2
With reference to figure 1, the present invention has selected a low-power consumption bluetooth on-chip system BLE SoC, and the on-chip system 1 is as a kind of integrated
Circuit chip, as intelligent well cover circuit master cpu, its work and resting state power consumption are extremely low, and function and interface resource enrich,
It is integrated with and wakes up pin 101, general UART interface 102, voltage AD conversion pin 103, bluetooth wireless transceiver circuit 104, and
General UART interface 106 etc..
Bluetooth wireless transceiver circuit 103 and bluetooth PCB antenna 2 in on-chip system 1 realize the present apparatus and outside mobile phone,
The Bluetooth wireless communication of the mobile terminals such as tablet personal computer；On-chip system 1 realizes the low-power consumption Internet of Things of the present invention with LoRa modules
Net networking, it is to send and receive signal intensity to strengthen signal not use PCB antenna and use bar antenna 4, makes channel radio
Letter keeps a larger distance, so as to be advantageous to the installation and deployment of intelligent well cover.
In terms of detection the presence or absence of well lid or movement, in order to ensure the real-time and accuracy that monitor, while in order to ensure
The low-power consumption application of device, present invention employs travel switch light 5 and reflective photoelectric switch 6.Wherein, travel switch 5 is machine
Tool formula, idle, the edge of manhole cover body is installed on, is usually kept closed, its on off operating mode signal and on-chip system 1
Wake-up interrupts pin is connected；Reflective photoelectric switch 6 is that one kind is integrated with infrarede emitting diode and NPN silicon phototransistor group
Into compact is cheap, transceiver, and infrared light can be transmitted, and the infrared light of reflecting surface is then received, to be used to judge
Itself distance with the surface of emission.Requirement of the device to reflecting surface is relatively low, and the non-transparent material such as iron, cement can be used as reflection
Face.Reflective photoelectric switch 6 is installed on manhole cover body edge, and with travel switch 5 into 180 ° of Relative distributions, using inspection shaft edge as
Reflecting surface.
Under normal condition, in a dormant state, system overall power is within 10uA for on-chip system 1；Once well lid departs from
Inspection shaft, travel switch closure, the wake-up pin 101 of on-chip system 1 detect interrupt signal, enter work from wake-up states at once
State, so ensure the real-time of monitoring；Meanwhile in order to prevent vehicle roll or shake etc. may caused by erroneous judgement, ensure prison
The accuracy of survey, after on-chip system 1 enters working condition, immediately pass through controlled source and give the power supply of photo-electric reflection type switch 6, and lead to
Overvoltage AD conversion pin 103 measures the current signal of the output of photo-electric reflex switch 6；If measurement result is less than given threshold,
Illustrate non-emissive face exist or reflecting surface it is remote, show the well lid edge relative with travel switch installation site also departing from
Inspection shaft, so as to confirm that well lid departs from, it may be stolen or wash away；After confirmation, on-chip system 1 is immediately by LoRa modules 3, to monitoring
Centring system sends state, time and warning message.
In terms of internet of things networking, realize present invention employs low-power consumption bluetooth technology BLE and set with the hand-held middle terminal of personnel
It is standby（Mobile phone or PAD）Connection closely, employ LoRa wireless technologys and realize and this net that interconnects of Surveillance center
Network.Wherein, LoRa is low-power consumption wide area network（Low Power Wide Area Network, LPWAN）One in the communication technology
Kind, it is a kind of overlength distance wireless transmission scheme based on spread spectrum that Semtech companies of the U.S. use and promoted.This side
Case changes the compromise consideration mode on transmission range and power consumption in the past, and can provide the user one kind can simply realize long distance
From, the sensing network of long battery life, Large Copacity and system.LoRa technologies have remote, low-power consumption（Battery life is grown）, it is more
Node, low cost, the feature for supporting ranging and positioning so that LoRa technologies are highly suitable for that requirement is low in energy consumption, distance is remote, big
Measure the Internet of Things application of connection and locating and tracking etc..Compared to the ZigBee/WIFI of LAN, it has remote excellent of communication distance
Gesture；GPRS/4G compared to mobile wide area network etc., it has advantage that is low in energy consumption, being used without payment.Currently, LoRa technologies and
Arrowband technology of Internet of things（NB-IoT）Two most promising low-power consumption wan communication technologies, but NB_IoT need according to
Rely the networking of mobile communication carrier, at present also incomplete commercialization.Therefore LoRa technologies are applied to intelligence by the present invention
The monitoring of well lid, there is technical advance.
In terms of the functional expansionary of device, then the present invention utilizes on-chip system 1 to monitor based on well lid whether there is
UART interface 102 is connected with outside RS485 interface circuits 7, is reserved with RS485 communication bus and the intelligent transducer of outside extension
It is connected or other data collecting systems is connected.For example, the well lid of part inspection shaft needs to monitor water level or monitors methane content, then may be used
Corresponding level sensor or biogas sensor are encapsulated as together with corresponding measuring circuit to the intelligence with RS485 communication interfaces
Transmitter, intelligent well cover can communicate the corresponding metrical information of acquisition with intelligent transducer, and together report Surveillance center.It is another
The status information of itself also can be sent to other numbers such as corresponding gaging station by aspect, intelligent well cover by RS485 buses
According to acquisition system, information is uniformly reported and submitted by observation station, is provided for smart city items data acquisition and monitoring and easily integrates side
Formula.
In terms of the Power Management Design of device, by above-mentioned parts selection and master-plan, device compositing chip amount is few, whole
Body is low in energy consumption.The device overwhelming majority time in a dormant state, and can be according to the frequency of setting, and timing daily is for several times into monitoring
The heart reports current well lid state, so that manager confirms that plant running is in good condition, meanwhile, also support Surveillance center to call out
Awake device；Once manhole cover loss situation occurs, in the presence of external interrupt wakeup pin, device wake, start collection and lead to
Letter, and high frequency time measurement communication is kept, to ensure that warning information is sent to Surveillance center, while searching can be positioned by LoRa and lost
The well lid of mistake.According to collectivity Scheme Design, device resting state power consumption is within 20uA, therefore, single-unit can be used chargeable
18650 lithium batteries 8（Capacity is generally 2000mAH or so）As the main power source of system, and it can ensure that device can work 3 years；Together
When, in order to which device further realizes that power supply is non-maintaining, small-sized solar plate 10 and chargeable management circuit 9 are designed with, in well lid
When integrated design, the transparent glass steel of printing opacity is left, is easy to use in the relatively good place of illumination condition.It must illustrate
It is that environment is more severe because well lid is in, dust, sludge etc. can influence the effect that solar panels receive sunlight, herein the sun
Energy power supply is only used as auxiliary charging use.
For the present invention during concrete application, its intelligent well cover Internet of Things application system schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.The present invention
Internet of Things application system mainly include intelligent well cover 01, LoRa gateways 12, Cloud Server 13, all kinds of servers 14, intelligent hand
Machine 15, flat board 16 and related personnel 17 etc..During integrated application, intelligent well cover 01 of the invention is whole as data monitoring
End, by LoRa gateways 12, form LoRa local Internet of Things；LoRa gateways 12 pass through the mobile communication such as the Ethernet of itself or 4G
Data are reported Cloud Server 13 by network；All kinds of servers 14 include the application server of composition Surveillance center, data center
And WEB server etc., the specific function operations such as row data communication, data calculating can be entered with Cloud Server.Related personnel 17
Including well lid administrative staff and the public, the mobile terminal for being provided with corresponding APP application programs is used（Smart mobile phone 5 is flat
Plate 16）, data interaction, Query Information or reception Cloud Server push can also be carried out by mobile communications network and Cloud Server
Various information.
In addition, in well lid site of deployment, related personnel 17（Patrol officer or the public）, such as pipeline inspection personnel can
So that using mobile terminal, BLE realizations are communicated to the state of intelligent well cover and the gathered data progress of acquisition by low-power consumption bluetooth
Inspection and reading；Or the public has found that well lid is abnormal（Although such as have, badly broken）, corresponding APP can be passed through
It is attached using with intelligent well cover, inquires about the manufacture information and operation management information of well lid, and a key can be clicked in APP
Abnormal conditions can be carried out to report, facilitate management organization to change well lid in time, further reduce the risk that well lid goes wrong.This hair
The bright application by LoRa technologies and BLE technologies, the internet of things functional of well lid is set to be optimised lifting, the information friendship of people and well lid
It is mutually more convenient.
Innovation is not only optimized in the present invention on circuit and Functional Design, realizes the inexpensive and high property of device
Energy；Integrated design has also accordingly been carried out in structure, ensure that the cost controllability, reliability, installation facility of device
Property and engineering exploitativeness.
As shown in figure 3, integral intelligent well lid is mainly by manhole cover body 01, well lid hinge 02, open hole 03, travel switch
5th, waterproof connector 07, seal box 06, the lithium battery 8 of single-unit 18650, circuit board 08, reinforcing bar array 05, transparent glass steel 05, rubber
Glue bar antenna 4, solar panels 10, reflective photoelectric switch part 6 and transparent glass steel 09 form.Manhole cover body 01, well lid
Hinge 02 and open hole 03 are the standard components of well lid, and the present invention is mainly the design of other components.
Specifically, in order to solve the key issue that antenna is shielded by casting iron well lid, present invention employs flat by series
The region of reinforcing bar array 05 of row arrangement（Bar spacing is slightly wider than bar antenna）, bar antenna 4 can be passed through between two reinforcing bars
Space, receive outside LoRa signals, expand wireless communication distance as far as possible, and ensure not influence the intensity of well lid, avoid car
Roll and to cause well lid to damage, ensure product quality；In addition, transparent glass steel 05 is installed on the lower section of reinforcing bar array 04, printing opacity
Antenna 4 and solar panels 10 are bar-like below fiberglass 05 successively；By this design, by well lid towards ground outside with
Internal bar antenna 4 and solar panels 10 is isolated, avoid influenceing dust, sewage etc. directly with bar antenna 4 and solar panels
10 contacts, influence the service life of product；Transparent glass steel 10 can pass through electromagnetic wave and light, make bar antenna 4 and the sun
Energy plate 10 can be according to design normal work.
As shown in figure 3, in terms of the movement or the real-time monitoring of missing of well lid, travel switch 5 and reflective photoelectric switch 6 are equal
The edge of manhole cover body is installed on, in 180 ° of distributions, and is distributed with open hole 3 into 10 ° or so angles.Travel switch 5 passes through top
The spheroid in portion touches with inspection shaft side edge, usually in pressured state；Even if being rolled in usual vehicle, typically mainly on well lid
The vibration in lower direction, side is with small vibration, and the state of travel switch is judged by accident when avoiding the vehicle from rolling；Reflective photoelectric switch relies on
Reflection of the inspection shaft edge to light, to carry out range measurement of the switch to inspection shaft edge.By taking above-mentioned measure, once
Someone opens the distress resolves of well lid, then travel switch 5 by open hole 03, returns to free state, provides change immediately
The electric signal of change, by interrupt pin, the governor circuit waken up in dormancy is started working.It is provided with before reflective photoelectric switch 6
The transparent glass steel 09 of printing opacity, the reflecting effect at inspection shaft edge is not influenceed, and reflective photoelectric switch 6 is isolated from the outside, keep away
Exempt from sludge, rainwater has influence on the normal use of reflective photoelectric switch 6.
The length and width dimensions of circuit board 08 are identical with the size of the lithium battery 8 of single-unit 18650, are packaged together in seal box 6,
Corresponding cored wire is drawn by waterproof connector 07, carried out to travel switch 5, reflective optic switch 6, solar panels 10 corresponding
Connection, ensure in the case where well lid is immersed in water, whole circuit arrangement remains able to work.
Above-mentioned structure design, suitable for casting iron well lid, steel fiber feinforced cement well lid；For the well using advanced composite material (ACM)
Lid, progress integrated design is more convenient, can directly use corresponding light transmissive composite materials, circuit arrangement is partially disposed in interior
In the cavity in portion.Said structure design, compared to common well lid, except relatively low circuit cost and disposable die sinking expense
Outside, material cost and it is not apparent from increasing, ensure that the controllability of product cost.
To sum up, the present invention proposes a kind of based on low-power consumption wan communication technology LoRa, the low-power consumption bluetooth communication technology
BLE, photoelectric sense technology, Low-power Technology etc., innovation development is carried out in general design idea and scheme and in composition structure
A kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover, mainly solve following technical problem：
1）The cost and Practical sex chromosome mosaicism of well lid monitoring device：The application environment of well lid is taken into full account, from overall plan
Using low power design technique, it is improved in terms of power supply supply, communication and antenna arrangement, function element composition
Innovation, solves the drawbacks of current installation cost is too high, later stage freight charges expense is too high.
2）The validity and real time problems of well lid monitoring device：Pass through photoelectric sense technology and integrated design
Meter, the normal condition of well lid periodically can be uploaded to monitoring system by setting, and the mobile changing condition of well lid is by accurate judgement
And monitoring system can be uploaded in real time and provides alarm.
3）The internet of things functional problem of well lid monitoring device：Using LoRa and BLE technologies, complete Internet of Things monitoring is built
Network, only well lid management organization does not provide the function of overall monitor, while provides scene and well lid for patrol officer and resident
Communication interconnection, there is provided personal query function and the state reporting function of well lid information state, improve the public to well lid management
Participation and Discussing Convenience, preferably serve the management of smart city.
Apparatus of the present invention manufacturing cost is low, integrative installation technology is convenient, daily operation and maintenance expenses with it is low, communication interaction function is strong, supervises
Control the cost and Practical sex chromosome mosaicism that real-time is good, mainly solves well lid monitoring, and the Internet of Things link of well lid management
Problem, there is advance in global design scheme, possess stronger feasibility on engineering construction.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these are improved and deformation
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover, it is characterized in that, including manhole cover body, and the work(being installed in manhole cover body
Can circuit system；
The functional circuitry includes well lid position sensor, controller, LoRa modules and power module；
Controller uses bluetooth on-chip system BLE SoC, and it includes bluetooth wireless receiving and dispatching interface and UART interface, wherein bluetooth without
Bluetooth antenna, UART interface connection LoRa modules are connected with line transceiver interface, LoRa modules are provided with wireless receiving and dispatching antenna；Electricity
Source module is well lid position sensor, controller and LoRa modules provide working power；
Manhole cover body is provided with antenna installation window, and well lid sheet is fixed in the top of the antenna installation window provided with a plurality of both ends
Internal reinforcement, the lower section of reinforcement are provided with printing opacity baffle plate, and the wireless receiving and dispatching antenna of LoRa modules is fixed under printing opacity baffle plate
Side, and between the vertical direction projection of two adjacent said ribs.
2. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in addition to RS485 interface circuit moulds
Block, controller also include the second UART interface, and controller connects RS485 interface modules by the second UART interface, and then
Connect external function expansion module.
3. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the wireless receiving and dispatching in LoRa modules
Antenna is bar antenna, and the reinforcement that antenna is installed on window is arranged in parallel for same plane, and between adjacent said rib
Distance be slightly larger than bar antenna width.
4. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the reinforcement on antenna installation window
For reinforcing bar, printing opacity baffle plate uses transparent glass steel material.
5. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the power module includes solar energy
Plate, rechargeable battery and charge management circuit unit；Solar panels are installed on below the printing opacity baffle plate of antenna installation window；Charging
Manage circuit unit control charging of the solar panels to rechargeable battery, and the power supply output of rechargeable battery.
6. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the well lid position sensor includes
The travel switch of well lid edge is respectively arranged in, travel switch includes the drive that can be connected between well lid edge and well head side wall
Dynamic ball, drive ball pressured state change can driving trip switch contact state change, the signal output part of travel switch connects
Connect controller.
7. the integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover stated according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, controller also includes waking up pin, OK
Cheng Kaiguan signal output part connects the wake-up pin.
8. the integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover stated according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, well lid is provided with open hole, the row
Cheng Kaiguan is to the line of well lid center, and the angle between the line of open hole to well lid center is between 8 ° ~ 15 °.
9. the integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover stated according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the well lid position sensor also includes
It is installed on the reflective photoelectric switch of well lid edge, the line of reflective photoelectric switch and travel switch crosses well lid center；Instead
Penetrate formula optoelectronic switch and utilize the distance between reflex perceived reflection formula optoelectronic switch and the well head edge at well head edge information,
And transmit to controller.
10. integrated Internet of Things intelligent well cover according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, well lid edge, reflection type photoelectricity
Printing opacity dividing plate is additionally provided between switch and well head edge.
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| CN108560607A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-09-21 | 天津云拓网络科技有限公司 | A kind of well lid linked system |
| CN108955588A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏太湖云计算信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of contactless well lid Detection of Existence system |
| CN109246613A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市亿兆互联技术有限公司 | A kind of cesspool cover safety monitoring system |
| CN109451566A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 西安工业大学 | Wisdom well lid monitors circuit with super low-power consumption |
| CN109451458A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-08 | 广东奔潮科技发展有限公司 | A kind of intelligence connection all things on earth transmission control unit (TCU) |
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| CN109697839A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Intelligent well cover monitoring system based on technology of Internet of things |
| CN109914483A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-21 | 北京航星网讯技术股份有限公司 | Laser combustible gas monitors well lid |
| CN110060461A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-26 | 苏州集联科物联科技有限公司 | A kind of cable well lid monitoring system and its method based on NB wireless telecommunications |
| CN110056010A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-26 | 南京管科智能科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent well cover and preparation method thereof with wireless charging function |
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| CN110779573A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-11 | 重庆瑞坤科技发展股份有限公司 | Wisdom district thing networking data acquisition box |
| CN111508193A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-08-07 | 宁夏北斗科技有限公司 | Intelligent well lid monitoring device |
| CN112050847A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-08 | 南京金固智慧市政研究院有限公司 | Low-power consumption wireless communication's well lid monitor |
| CN112133048A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-25 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Cable channel anti-intrusion alarm system |
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