CN107678962B - Automatic testing method and device for CLI (common line interface) - Google Patents

Automatic testing method and device for CLI (common line interface) Download PDF

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CN107678962B
CN107678962B CN201710882771.1A CN201710882771A CN107678962B CN 107678962 B CN107678962 B CN 107678962B CN 201710882771 A CN201710882771 A CN 201710882771A CN 107678962 B CN107678962 B CN 107678962B
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CN107678962A (en
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江超
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Zhengzhou Yunhai Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3688Test management for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3676Test management for coverage analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45504Abstract machines for programme code execution, e.g. Java virtual machine [JVM], interpreters, emulators
    • G06F9/45508Runtime interpretation or emulation, e g. emulator loops, bytecode interpretation
    • G06F9/45512Command shells

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Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic testing method, a device and a computer readable storage medium of a CLI interface, wherein the method comprises the following steps: running a test script, and logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information; executing the test command in the test script; judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time or not; if not, verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct; if the output is correct, the test is passed; according to the invention, the automatic test of the CLI is completed by running the test script simulating the manual test flow of the CLI, so that the whole test process does not need manual intervention, and the test can be repeated for many times, thereby improving the test efficiency and quality; and only once development is needed, the test can be continuously and simultaneously executed in a plurality of software versions, and the test coverage is improved.

Description

Automatic testing method and device for CLI (common line interface)
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of test technologies, and in particular, to an automated testing method and apparatus for a CLI interface, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic information technology, the number and types of various electronic devices are increasing day by day, and these devices include not only internet infrastructures such as switches, routers and storage, but also household devices such as smart homes and television set-top boxes.
Due to the openness and stability of the Linux operating system, most electronic equipment is developed for the second time based on the Linux operating system in terms of software. Such Linux-based electronic devices typically provide users with two sets of operating interfaces, GUI and CLI, wherein the GUI is a graphical interface, and provides users with a way to use the graphical interface management device. The CLI is a command line interface, and a user can connect with the CLI interface of the electronic device through the SSH protocol on any client, and further can send a command to execute a related operation. The CLI interface is used as an important component of such electronic equipment, and the testing work of the CLI interface is particularly important in the development stage of the equipment.
In the prior art, the CLI interface test mode is that a tester manually connects the CLI interface of a device to be tested at a client, runs a command to be tested, observes and analyzes returned data, and obtains a test conclusion. When a large number of commands need to be tested through the CLI interface, the method is low in efficiency, and unpredictable errors are easily caused by manual comparison of test results. Meanwhile, when a plurality of versions are released, a tester needs to repeatedly execute and verify, and a large amount of labor is wasted due to repeated work, so that the testing efficiency is influenced. Therefore, how to implement the automatic test of the CLI interface, reduce the workload of the tester, and improve the test efficiency and quality is a problem that needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic testing method and device of a CLI interface and a computer readable storage medium, which are used for simulating a manual testing process of the CLI interface by using a testing script, so that the whole testing process does not need manual intervention, repeated testing can be performed for many times, and the testing efficiency and quality are improved.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an automated testing method for a CLI interface, comprising:
running a test script, and logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information;
executing the test command in the test script;
judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time or not;
if not, verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct;
if the output is correct, the test is passed.
Optionally, the test script is specifically a Shell script.
Optionally, the logging in the CLI interface of the device under test includes:
logging in a CLI (customer line interface) of the tested device by using a sshpass command in the test script;
judging whether the login is successful;
and if so, executing the test command in the test script.
Optionally, the executing the test command in the test script includes:
and executing the test command by using the ssh command in the test script.
Optionally, the determining whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time includes:
and judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time or not by using the timeout command in the test script.
Optionally, the verifying the command output and determining whether the output is correct includes:
storing the obtained command output and return values in a Shell variable through function encapsulation;
processing the Shell variable to obtain a test result, and judging whether the test result is consistent with an expected test result;
if so, the test is passed.
The invention also provides an automatic testing device of the CLI interface, which comprises:
the login module is used for running the test script and logging in a CLI (common interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information;
the execution module is used for executing the test command in the test script;
the first judgment module is used for judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time or not;
the second judgment module is used for verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct or not if the execution time of the test command does not exceed the preset time; if the output is correct, the test is passed.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for automated testing of a CLI-interface as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
The invention provides an automatic testing method of a CLI interface, which comprises the following steps: running a test script, and logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information; executing the test command in the test script; judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time or not; if not, verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct; if the output is correct, the test is passed;
therefore, the automatic testing of the CLI is completed by running the testing script simulating the manual testing process of the CLI, so that the whole testing process does not need manual intervention, the testing can be repeated for many times, and the testing efficiency and quality are improved; and only once development is needed, the test can be continuously and simultaneously executed in a plurality of software versions, and the test coverage is improved. In addition, the invention also provides an automatic testing device of the CLI interface and a computer readable storage medium, which also have the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an automated testing method for a CLI interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic testing apparatus for a CLI interface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an automated testing method for a CLI interface according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method can comprise the following steps:
step 101: running a test script, and logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information.
It can be understood that the method provided by this embodiment may be an automated testing process performed on the CLI interface of the device under test after the test script is run for a Linux server serving as an operating platform of the test script, and the specific content setting and programming language of the test script may be set by a designer according to a practical scenario and a user requirement, for example, the Shell script implemented by using a Shell language. As long as the Linux server can implement the automatic testing method for the CLI interface provided in this embodiment in the process of running the test script, this embodiment does not set any limit to this.
The preset login information may be the login information set in the test script, or the login information input by the tester after the test script runs. As long as the Linux server can log in the CLI interface of the device under test according to the preset login information, the specific acquisition mode of the login information is not limited in any way in this embodiment.
Specifically, the step of logging in the CLI interface of the device under test may include: logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment by using a sshpass command in the test script; judging whether the login is successful; if yes, go to step 102; if not, the test fails.
Step 102: and executing the test command in the test script.
It can be understood that, for the specific content of the test command in the test script, the manual test flow of simulating the CLI interface by the designer may be set by himself, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Specifically, this step may be to execute the test command by using the ssh command in the test script.
Step 103: judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time or not; if not, go to step 104.
It is understood that the purpose of this step may be to prevent the test flow from being stuck due to command timeout, so that the timeout determination may be implemented by using a timeout command, for example. For example, the step may be to determine whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time by using the timeout command in the test script.
Step 104: verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct; if so, the test is passed.
In this step, it may be determined whether the output is correct by verifying whether the command output of the test command matches the expected test output.
Specifically, in this step, the obtained command output and return value (ReturnCode) may be stored in the Shell variable through function encapsulation, the Shell variable is processed to obtain a test result, and whether the test result matches an expected test result is determined. That is, the process before step 104 is encapsulated into a function, the output of the function is the command output of the test command, the ReturnCode of the function is the ReturnCode of the test command, the output of the function and the ReturnCode are stored in the Shell variable, the Shell variable is read, processed and compared, if the result of the test is consistent with the expected test result, the test is judged to be passed, otherwise, the test is judged not to be passed.
It can be understood that, as long as the command output of the test command can be compared with the preset expected test output, so as to determine whether the output is correct, the specific determination manner can be set by the designer according to the practical scenario and the user requirement, and this embodiment does not limit this.
Specifically, the test script in this implementation may be a Shell script implemented by a Shell language as follows:
Figure BDA0001419512870000051
in the embodiment of the invention, the automatic test of the CLI is completed by running the test script simulating the manual test process of the CLI, so that the whole test process does not need manual intervention, and the test can be repeated for many times, thereby improving the test efficiency and quality; and only once development is needed, the test can be continuously and simultaneously executed in a plurality of software versions, and the test coverage is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic testing apparatus for a CLI interface according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus may include:
the login module 100 is used for running the test script and logging in a CLI (common interface) of the tested device according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested equipment, a port, a user name and password information;
the execution module 200 is used for executing the test command in the test script;
a first judging module 300, configured to judge whether an execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time;
a second determining module 400, configured to verify the command output and determine whether the output is correct if the execution time of the test command does not exceed the preset time; if the output is correct, the test is passed.
Optionally, the login module 100 may include:
the login submodule is used for logging in a CLI interface of the tested equipment by utilizing a sshpass command in the test script;
the first judgment submodule is used for judging whether login is successful; if yes, a start signal is sent to the execution module 200.
Optionally, the execution module 200 may include:
and the execution submodule is used for executing the test command by using the ssh command in the test script.
Optionally, the first determining module 300 may include:
and the second judgment sub-module is used for judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time or not by using the timeout command in the test script.
Optionally, the second determining module 400 may include:
the storage submodule is used for storing the acquired command output and return values in the Shell variable through function packaging if the execution time of the test command does not exceed the preset time;
the third judgment submodule is used for processing the Shell variable to obtain a test result and judging whether the test result is consistent with an expected test result; if so, the test is passed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the automatic test of the CLI is completed by running the test script simulating the manual test process of the CLI, so that the whole test process does not need manual intervention, and the test can be repeated for many times, thereby improving the test efficiency and quality; and only once development is needed, the test can be continuously and simultaneously executed in a plurality of software versions, and the test coverage is improved.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the steps of the method for automatically testing the CLI interface provided in the foregoing embodiment may be implemented. The storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device and the computer-readable storage medium disclosed in the embodiments correspond to the method disclosed in the embodiments, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various embodiments described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various example components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate their interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The automatic testing method and device for the CLI interface and the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are set forth merely to aid in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An automated testing method for a CLI interface, comprising:
running a test script, and logging in a CLI (client interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information;
executing the test command in the test script;
judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time or not;
if not, verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct;
if the output is correct, the test is passed;
wherein, the CLI interface for logging in the tested device comprises:
logging in a CLI (customer line interface) of the tested device by using a sshpass command in the test script;
judging whether the login is successful;
if yes, executing the test command in the test script;
wherein the executing the test command in the test script comprises:
and executing the test command by using the ssh command in the test script.
2. The automated testing method for the CLI interface according to claim 1, wherein the test script is specifically a Shell script.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the execution time of the test command exceeds a preset time includes:
and judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time or not by using the timeout command in the test script.
4. The method for automated testing of a CLI interface of claim 1, wherein verifying the command output and determining if the output is correct comprises:
storing the obtained command output and return values in a Shell variable through function encapsulation;
processing the Shell variable to obtain a test result, and judging whether the test result is consistent with an expected test result;
if so, the test is passed.
5. An automated testing apparatus for a CLI interface, comprising:
the login module is used for running the test script and logging in a CLI (common interface) of the tested equipment according to preset login information; the login information comprises the IP (Internet protocol) of the tested device, a port, a user name and password information;
the execution module is used for executing the test command in the test script;
the first judgment module is used for judging whether the execution time of the test command exceeds the preset time or not;
the second judgment module is used for verifying the command output and judging whether the output is correct or not if the execution time of the test command does not exceed the preset time; if the output is correct, the test is passed;
wherein, the login module comprises:
the login submodule is used for logging in a CLI (client-side interface) of the tested device by utilizing a sshpass command in the test script;
the first judgment submodule is used for judging whether login is successful; if yes, sending a starting signal to the execution module;
the execution module comprises:
and the execution sub-module is used for executing the test command by using the ssh command in the test script.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for automated testing of a CLI-interface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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