CN107677418B - Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine - Google Patents
Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107677418B CN107677418B CN201710948282.1A CN201710948282A CN107677418B CN 107677418 B CN107677418 B CN 107677418B CN 201710948282 A CN201710948282 A CN 201710948282A CN 107677418 B CN107677418 B CN 107677418B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- balance
- weight
- center
- combined body
- gravity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005477 standard model Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/30—Compensating imbalance
- G01M1/32—Compensating imbalance by adding material to the body to be tested, e.g. by correcting-weights
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Testing Of Balance (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a large-scale axial compressor Kaplan turbine runner body static balance test device, includes base and balancing bracket, and the balancing bracket overcoat is fixed with the backing plate outside the base on the base up end, is equipped with balancing ball and the drive division that reciprocates with the drive balancing ball in the balancing bracket, the drive division includes swivel nut, the screw rod of installing in the swivel nut, fixed connection at the locating plate and the balance plate of screw rod lower extreme in rotatable connection on the balancing bracket, and the balancing ball is fixed on the balance plate. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the maximum deviation between the gravity center and the rotation center of a rotating part can be found and adjusted to be within the technical specification so as to ensure that a hydraulic turbine set can stably run.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of installation and maintenance of a water turbine generator set, in particular to a method for carrying out a static balance test on an axial flow Kaplan turbine runner.
Background
In the general overhaul process of a large hydropower station water turbine generator set, particularly an axial-flow Kaplan turbine, the situation of replacing a runner blade can be involved, in this situation, in order to ensure that a new blade is installed on a runner and the static and dynamic balance performance of the whole runner is ensured, the runner needs to be subjected to a static balance test, the original static balance test is to firstly carry out sensitivity verification on test equipment and ensure that the sensitivity meets the test requirements; then testing the runner hub independently, finding out the size and the position of the non-balance weight of the runner, finally weighing the connecting body, subtracting the design weight from the weighing weight, solving the size of the original balance weight in the connecting body, knocking the connecting body by a hand hammer, judging the position of the balance weight through knocking sound, comprehensively considering the unbalanced weight of the runner hub and the connecting body, and carrying out the test of the combination of the runner hub, the blade and the connecting body by calculating and reasonably configuring the position of the blade so as to minimize the total balance weight; the original static balance test scheme has the problems that: the judgment of the size and the direction of the original balance weight in the connector is very unscientific, and the judgment error is easily caused. The connector is through the operation of more than ten years, and wearing and tearing are inevitable, and the connector cavity deposits the volume silt because of the rivers infiltration, and its actual weight has very big difference with design weight, and judges the position of its former counter weight with the hammering and is different from person to person more, and moreover the volume silt with fill up plumbous connector cavity, it is difficult to distinguish to rely on hearing the sound of striking, the runner skew phenomenon takes place often in the test process, make the contact of balanced bracket inner wall and balanced base excircle lead to experimental unable normal clear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a static balance test device and a static balance test method for a runner hub of a large axial-flow Kaplan turbine, which can find the maximum deviation between the gravity center and the rotation center of a rotating part and adjust the maximum deviation to be within the technical specification so as to ensure that a turbine unit can stably run.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a large-scale axial compressor Kaplan turbine runner body static balance test device, includes base and balancing bracket, and the balancing bracket overcoat is fixed with the backing plate outside the base on the base up end, is equipped with balancing ball and the drive division that reciprocates with the drive balancing ball in the balancing bracket, the drive division includes swivel nut, the screw rod of installing in the swivel nut, fixed connection at the locating plate and the balance plate of screw rod lower extreme in rotatable connection on the balancing bracket, and the balancing ball is fixed on the balance plate.
A method for testing a static balance test device of a runner hub of a large axial-flow Kaplan turbine comprises the following steps:
1) Mounting a balance bracket into the runner body, mounting a connecting body with the original counterweight lead block completely taken out onto the runner body, and forming a combined body by the connecting body and the runner body;
2) Moving the combined body to the base, and ensuring that the self weight of the combined body is borne on the base through the balance ball;
3) Installing a level meter and a weight on the assembly, adjusting the assembly to be balanced, calculating a sensitivity standard model value Hr, a residual unbalance gradient delta and an allowable residual gradient delta r of a balancing device, adjusting the residual unbalance gradient to be qualified by adjusting the balance weight, and recording the weight, the direction and the radius of the balance weight, the eccentric distance of the center of gravity of the assembly and the position of the center of gravity;
4) Selecting and matching the blades according to the recorded weight, direction and radius of the balance weight, the eccentricity of the gravity center of the combination and the direction of the gravity center;
5) Dismantling the connecting body, installing the selected blades on the rotating wheel body, installing a gradienter and a weight on the combined body, adjusting the combined body to be balanced, calculating a sensitivity standard module value Hr, a residual unbalance gradient delta and an allowable residual gradient delta r of the balancing device, recording the weight, the direction and the radius of the counterweight, and calculating the eccentric distance of the gravity center of the combined body and the position of the gravity center;
6) And recording the weight, the radius and the position of the added balance weight through the step 5, and converting the result into the weight and the position of the lead poured on the connector according to the principle that the moment is equal.
7) After the welding and the fusing of the lead pouring counter weight of the connecting body are finished, the static balance rechecking is carried out on the combination again, and the residual unbalance gradient delta of the rotating wheel body is required to be smaller than the allowable residual gradient delta r.
Before the step 3, the sensitivity of the test balance test device needs to be adjusted, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps: jacks are arranged on the periphery of the combination body, if the combination body can be inclined towards any direction and cannot be reset automatically, the distance h from the gravity center of the combination body to the sphere center of the balance ball is too small, the combination body is jacked up by the jacks on the periphery, and the adjusting screw rod is rotated to enable the sphere center to move upwards so as to increase the distance between the sphere center and the gravity center; if the weight is added on the higher side of the combined body, the combined body and the jack still cannot be completely separated, the distance h from the center of gravity of the combined body to the center of the balance ball is too large, the combined body is jacked up by the jack again for a certain height at the moment, the adjusting screw is slowly screwed down to enable the balance ball to be in contact with the base plate, so that the center of gravity of the combined body moves upwards, the distance between the center of gravity of the combined body and the center of gravity of the combined body is reduced, and the device is tested again after the sensitivity of the device is improved; and (4) final verification: after a heavy object is placed at any position of the outer edge of the combined body, the combined body can descend, and can ascend again after the heavy object is removed, and the combined body is in a stable and balanced state.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the method, the size and the direction of the original balance weight in the connecting body can be accurately obtained through scientific measurement and calculation, the maximum deviation between the gravity center and the rotation center of the rotating part is searched, and the maximum deviation is adjusted to be within the technical specification, so that the water turbine set can be ensured to be stably operated.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a static balance test device of a turbine runner according to the present invention,
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the calculations of the present invention in relation to blade selection,
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the sensitivity calibration model value of the balancing apparatus according to the present invention,
figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the residual unbalance inclination in the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the sensitivity measurement of the primary equilibrium assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a more detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
before doing turbine runner static balance and testing, require to demolish 11 blades of runner body, connector 10, piston, handling frame, pivot, rocking arm have been dismantled and have been accomplished, and connector 10 overhauls and finishes, and former counter weight lead block has been clear away in the connector 10, and the balance test instrument is prepared to finish, and backing plate 3 and 8 inspections of balancing ball are qualified, and wherein the balance test instrument includes: the bearing capacity of the test platform is 300T1, the balance test device is provided, 48M 36 compression screws, 8 pressing plates and gaskets are provided, 8 buttresses with the height of 1000mm are provided, 124 oil hydraulic jacks with the height of 100T are provided, 4 screw jacks with the height of 100T are provided, 2 gradienters (0.02 mm/M) are provided, 1 set of dial indicator and gauge stand, 2 horizontal plates, 1 heavy iron block with the weight of 6Kg and 2.1Kg is provided, a plurality of purple copper gaskets and aluminum rows are provided, 5 sets of blade gaskets (the thickness of 3 mm) are provided, and 5 sets of blade hanging tools are provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the balance testing device includes a base 1 and a balance bracket 2, the balance bracket 2 is sleeved outside the base 1, a backing plate 3 is fixed on the upper end surface of the base 1, a balance ball 8 capable of moving up and down and a driving part for driving the balance ball 8 to move up and down are arranged in the balance bracket 2, the driving part includes a threaded sleeve 5 rotatably connected to the upper end of the balance bracket 2, a screw rod 4 installed in the threaded sleeve 5, a positioning plate 6 fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod 4 and a balance plate 7, and the balance ball 8 is fixed on the balance plate 7.
A test method for static balance of a large axial flow Kaplan turbine runner comprises the following steps:
1. static balance test tool assembly
1) The method comprises the steps of installing a lifting tool of a runner hub 11 on the runner hub 11, then lifting the runner hub 11 out of an overhaul pit by using a bridge A machine, suspending the runner hub above a specified place, then lifting a piston in the overhaul pit to the specified place by using a bridge B machine, lifting a balance bracket 2 by using the bridge B machine after the bridge B machine is separated from the piston, checking whether a balance ball 8 is intact, and immediately replacing the balance ball 8 if the balance ball 8 is defective; then hoisting the balance bracket 2 into the middle position in the runner overhaul pit; the A bridge crane lifts the runner hub 11 above the overhaul crane pit, the auxiliary hook of the A bridge crane is matched with the B bridge crane together to fixedly install the balance bracket 2 on the runner hub 11, and the B bridge crane is unhooked from the balance bracket 2; rotating the screw 4 in the driving part to adjust the length L of the screw 4 exposed out of one end of the balance bracket 2 to 1120mm; and (3) hoisting the rotor aside by using an A bridge machine, and hoisting the test platform on the maintenance pit by using a B bridge machine.
2) The base 1 is placed on a test platform by using a bridge B machine, the levelness of the base plate 3 on the base 1 is adjusted to be less than 0.02mm/m by adding gaskets around the base 1, and the periphery of the base 1 is fixedly connected with the test platform.
3) 8 buttresses with the height of 1000mm are uniformly arranged on a phi 3850/phi 3000 ring surface of a test platform, 1 hydraulic jack 12 with the height of 100T and 1 screw jack 12 with the height of 100T are respectively arranged on each buttress, the hydraulic jacks 12 and the screw jacks 12 are required to be uniformly staggered, the total height H1 of the buttresses, the jacks 12 and an aluminum plate is adjusted to 1541mm in the middle stroke of the jacks 12, and at the moment, the calculated safety distance between the spherical surface and the base plate 3 is about 33mm (H1 and the safety distance are only used for reference and should be adjusted according to the actual test condition).
2. Initial equilibrium test
1) The rotating wheel body 11 is hung to the center of the test platform, slowly falls in alignment with the balance base 1, is placed on the jack 12, the balance bracket 2 is sleeved outside the base 1, the gap between the periphery of the base 1 and the balance bracket 2 is as uniform as possible when the rotating wheel body descends, a steel wire rope is removed, the hanger is removed, and a certain distance is reserved between the balance ball 8 and the base plate 3 of the base 1;
2) Mounting a connecting body 10 with all the original counterweight lead blocks taken out on a rotating wheel body 11, forming the connecting body 10 and the rotating wheel body 11 into a combined body, measuring the distance between the spherical surface of a balance ball 8 and the plane of a cushion plate 3, wherein the distance is about 33mm, and mounting two horizontal plates for placing a level gauge at two ends of the lower end surface of the rotating wheel body 11 respectively;
3) Rotating the screw rod 4 to enable the balance ball 8 to move downwards to be in contact with the base plate 3, wherein the length Lc of one end of the screw rod 4 exposed out of the balance bracket 2 is about 1087 mm;
4) 4 screw jacks 12 are lowered to the position with the distance of about 10mm from the flange surface of the runner body 11, then the 4 hydraulic jacks 12 are lowered simultaneously or sequentially and slowly, whether the combined body is in a stable balance state or not is observed, the action is not too large in the lowering process, the combined body is prevented from overturning, and if the combined body is inclined greatly, a heavy object can be added on the higher side until a gap is reserved between the combined body and all the jacks 12.
5) The sensitivity of the test device for testing the effect balance is adjusted, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps: if the combination body can be inclined towards any direction and can not be reset by itself, the distance h from the gravity center of the combination body to the sphere center of the balance ball 8 is too small. At the moment, the combined body is jacked up again by using the jacks 12 on the periphery, and the adjusting screw rod 4 is rotated to enable the center of the sphere to move upwards so as to increase the distance between the center of the sphere and the center of gravity; if the weight is added on the higher side of the combined body, the combined body and the jack 12 still cannot be completely separated, the distance h from the center of gravity of the combined body to the center of the balance ball 8 is too large, the combined body is jacked up by the jack 12 for a certain height at the moment, the adjusting screw rod 4 is slowly rotated downwards to enable the balance ball 8 to be in contact with the base plate 3, so that the center of gravity of the combined body moves upwards, the distance between the center of gravity of the ball and the center of gravity is reduced, the sensitivity of the device is improved, and then the device is tested again; and (4) final verification: after a heavy object is placed at any position of the outer edge of the combined body, the combined body can descend, and can ascend again after the heavy object is removed, and the combined body is in a stable and balanced state.
Calculating the sensitivity standard modulus value Hr = 0.28-0.47 mm of the balance device, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3: the balance ball 8 and the backing plate 3 are both forged by bearing steel 0Cr15, the surface roughness is 0.4, the hardness is RC62-65, if a heavy object P is added at the position R;
then due to
tgα＝a/h＝Hr/R
Hr＝aR/h
And due to
PR＝Gμ+Ga
a＝(PR-Gμ)/G
Therefore:
hr = (PR-G mu) R/Gh (formula one)
In the formula:
hr: sensitivity calibration standard value (mm) of balancing device
R: calculating radius (mm) (distance in horizontal direction between weight and center of sphere)
Allowable residual unbalance weight (kg) corresponding to the calculated radius R
G weight (kg) of the object to be balanced (the upper part of the balancing tool should be added)
μ: coefficient of rolling friction =0.01- -0.02 (mm)
H, center of gravity center distance (mm)
a, an included angle between the direction from the center of gravity to the center of sphere and the vertical direction.
If the residual unbalance moment of the rotor body 11 is not more than 3.5kgm, or the residual unbalance weight is not more than 1.84kg at the radius R1900 mm: the residual unbalanced moment of the combination of the runner hub 11, the blades and the connecting body is not more than 10.8kgm, or the residual unbalanced weight is not more than 6kg at a radius R1800mm, then Hr is:
in initial equilibrium, hr = (PR-G mu) R/Gh = (2.1 × 1900-115000 × 0.01-0.02) × 1900/(115000 × 100) = 0.28-0.47 (mm)
In total balance, hr = (PR-G mu) R/Gh = (6.0X 1800-232000X 0.01-0.02) × 1800/(232000X 100) = 0.48-0.66 (mm)
The value of the center-of-gravity distance h of the sphere is as follows:
the h value is related to the sensitivity of the balancing device, the larger the h value is, the worse the sensitivity of the balancing device is, so that the balancing cannot reach the due precision, and the too small h value can cause the balancing device to be too sensitive, so that the system cannot be stable. For the present invention, all the gravity centers are h =100mm (h =120mm may be considered when the balance runner hub, the blade, and the connecting body 10 are combined, if there is an abnormality).
Regarding residual unbalance moment, residual unbalance weight:
after the balanced object passes through the balancing position, the gravity center of the balanced object is not necessarily required to be completely positioned on the rotation center of the object. The distance a from the center of gravity to the center line of rotation is called the eccentricity. The product M (= aG) of the eccentricity a and the weight G of the object to be balanced (including the weight added at the time of balancing) is called the residual unbalance moment. This moment can be translated to a certain weight P (called residual unbalance) at any radius R (called calculated radius). According to the moment equivalent principle, the residual unbalanced weight P = M/R. The residual unbalance torque, the maximum value or the allowable value of the residual unbalance weight is called allowable residual unbalance torque, and the allowable residual unbalance weight is called allowable residual unbalance torque.
For the present invention, the residual unbalance moment of the rotor body 11 is not more than 3.5kgm, or the residual unbalance weight is not more than 1.84kg at the calculated radius R1900 mm. (Standard when static balance test was carried out on the rotor body 11 alone)
The residual unbalanced moment of the combination of the runner hub, the blades and the connecting body is not more than 10.8kgm, or the residual unbalanced weight is not more than 6kg at the radius R1800 mm;
6) A 2.1kg weight block is added on one side of the runner hub 11, the distance between the retry block and the center of the ball in the horizontal direction is 1900mm, a dial indicator is installed on the test platform, a measuring head of the dial indicator is pressed on the lower end face of the combined body, and the sinking value H of the combined body at the weight block is measured and recorded by the dial indicator; if H is greater than Hr, the sensitivity is qualified; otherwise, the sensitivity needs to be improved until the product is qualified.
7) Combination balance adjustment and related parameter calculation
Calculating allowable residual gradient: two gradienters are placed on two horizontal plates, the residual inclination delta of the runner hub 11 and the included angle theta between the inclination direction and the + X axis are calculated by using the readings of the two gradienters, and the weight Pc of the additional counterweight and the calculated radius R are measured and recorded (the distance between the retry block and the horizontal direction of the spherical center is 1800 mm-1900 mm).
The method for calculating the residual gradient delta and the inclination direction angle theta comprises the following steps: as shown in figure 4 of the drawings,
the wheel will tilt in one direction due to the residual unbalance weight. Under the action of the allowable residual unbalance weight, the inclination of the rotating wheel is calculated according to the following formula:
δr＝Hr/R(mm/m)
δ r is allowable residual gradient
Hr is the sinking value of the rotating wheel at the position of the calculated radius R under the action of allowable residual unbalanced weight, and is calculated according to a formula I and is unitized as mm;
r-calculating radius (m).
δ R = Hr/R =0.28 to 0.47/1.9=0.15 to 0.25 (mm/m) for initial balance
δ R = Hr/R =0.48 to 0.66/1.8=0.27 to 0.37 (mm/m) for the following total balance.
The calculation method of δ is as follows:
on two horizontal plates symmetrically arranged in the diameter direction of the lower end face of the rotating wheel, a level meter is respectively arranged at the position with the same diameter, one level meter is arranged along the circumferential direction (level meter 1), the other level meter is arranged along the radial direction (level meter 2), and the two level meters are mutually in a T shape. The diameter direction in which the level is placed is defined as the X direction, and the direction perpendicular thereto is defined as the Y direction, as shown in fig. 4.
If level 1 measures the wheel to tilt towards the + Y side, reading δ Y (mm/m), level 2 measures the wheel to tilt towards the + X side, reading δ X (mm/m), using vector synthesis, the wheel is tilted towards the first quadrant:
δ＝(δx2+δy2)1/2
the inclination direction angle:
θ＝arctgδy/δx
the method for measuring and calculating the residual inclination delta of the runner body and the included angle theta between the inclination direction and the + X axis is as follows:
δ＝(δx2+δy2)1/2
θ＝arctgδy/δx
if delta is less than delta r, the residual unbalanced gradient is qualified, and the weight, orientation and radius of the added weight are recorded.
The residual unbalance residual gradient delta of the rotating wheel is larger than delta r, otherwise, the counterweight needs to be continued on the lighter side of the rotating wheel until the counterweight is qualified.
The quality requirement is as follows: δ R = Hr/R =0.28 to 0.47/1.9=0.15 to 0.25 (mm/m) for initial balance
11 Calculate the eccentricity of the center of gravity of the combination and the orientation of the center of gravity.
The calculation method comprises the following steps: assuming the weight P (Kg) of the added weight, the radius R (cm), and the weight G (Kg) of the combination, the eccentricity a of the center of gravity of the combination is approximately calculated by the following formula:
a＝PR/G(cm)
if the orientation of the added weight is consistent with the inclined direction line of the rotating wheel body, the orientation of the center of gravity of the combined body can be considered to be consistent with the inclined direction line of the rotating wheel body.
After the initial balance test is finished, the combined body is jacked up to a certain height by using a jack, so that the balance ball is completely separated from the base plate.
3. Blade fitting
The weight and the position of the center of gravity of the blade are generally measured and recorded before the blade leaves the factory. If not, the blade is weighed and the center of gravity is calculated, and the position of the center of gravity of the combined body is obtained in an initial balance test.
The blade configuration is calculated by adopting a trial algorithm;
the calculation method of the trial algorithm comprises the following steps: as shown in FIG. 2, wi — certain blade weight;
xi, yi-coordinates of the center of gravity of a certain blade;
g-combined body weight;
ax, ay — coordinates of the center of gravity of the combination.
The moment is calculated for the x-axis such that Σ wiYi + Gay is minimized.
The y-axis is squared so that Σ wiXi + Gax is minimized. After the calculation shows that the result is satisfactory, the blades can be configured according to the calculation.
The blade order is arranged reasonably as follows, and the moments are calculated for the x and y axes respectively so that the values of Σ wiYi + Gay and Σ wiXi + Gax are minimized.
Calculating the size and the orientation of the weight:
after the blades are arranged according to the positions, the unbalanced moments are combined into M = [ (Sigma wiYi + Gay) 2+ (wiXi + Gax) 2]1/2 according to vectors
Azimuth angle β = arctg [ (Σ wiYi + Gay)/(wiXi + Gax) ]
In order to balance the moment, a balance weight needs to be balanced at a symmetrical part, the added weight is the calculated balance weight Pj = M/Rp, wherein Rp is the balance weight radius, and Rp =190cm is taken from the cavity balance weight of the connecting body 10. The actual counterweight orientation is 180 + beta.
4. Total balance test
1) And (4) installing a lifting appliance of the connecting body 10, removing the bolt of the connecting body 10, and lifting the connecting body 10 away by using an A-bridge crane.
2) Installing an arc-shaped hoisting ring of the runner hub 11, hoisting the runner hub 11 to the upper space of a specified place by using an A bridge crane without unhooking, checking whether the balance ball 8 has cracks or pits, if so, replacing the balance ball 8, checking whether the flat plate of the backing plate 3 has cracks or pits, and if so, replacing the backing plate 3; and (4) removing the jack 12 and the support on the test platform, and hoisting the test platform away by using a bridge crane B.
3) The runner maintenance buttress is placed on a maintenance pit, a runner body 11 hung by an A-bridge crane is placed on the buttress, a lifting ring is removed, blades are hung according to the selected blade numbers, the blades are fixed on the runner body 11 through a connecting plate by using M90 screws, the blades are symmetrically arranged one by one, the blade placement angle psi = -12 degrees, and a steel plate with the thickness of 3mm is arranged between the flange end face of each blade and the end face of a copper tile.
4) Rotating the screw rod 4 to enable the length Lc of one end of the screw rod 4, which is exposed out of the balance bracket 2, to be about 1200mm, then hoisting the connecting body 10 on the runner body 11, fixing each bolt, installing and tightly driving the turning cover, hoisting the runner for assembly by using an A bridge crane, hoisting the test platform on an overhaul pit by using a B bridge crane, and adjusting the levelness of the balance bottom plate to be within 0.02 mm/m.
5) According to the initial balance method, the buttresses and the jacks 12 are placed on the test platform, the jacks 12 are in the middle stroke, the total height of the buttresses, the jacks 12 and the aluminum plate can be adjusted to be H2, the integral gravity center moves upwards by about 83mm after the blades are hung on the combined body, in order to ensure that the distance between the gravity center and the sphere center of the balanced object is not changed and the sensitivity of the balance device is ensured, the external length of the adjusting screw rod 4 is increased by about 83mm when the bracket balance ball 8 is in contact with the backing plate 3, the instant Lz is adjusted to be about Lz = Lc +83, namely the Lz takes 1170mm, the H2 takes a value of about 1458mm according to geometric conversion, and the calculated safety distance between the spherical surface and the backing plate 3 is about 30mm.
6) Assembling and hoisting a rotating wheel hoisted by the bridge A machine to the center of the test platform, aligning the rotating wheel with the balance tool base 1, slowly dropping the rotating wheel, and placing the rotating wheel on the jack 12 to ensure that the gap between the balance base 1 and the balance bracket 2 is uniform as much as possible; removing the turning cover and hoisting the turning cover to be opened by using an A-bridge crane; the adjusting screw 4 of the bracket is slowly screwed down to make the balance ball 8 contact with the backing plate 3, and the length Lz of the measuring screw 4 exposed out of one end of the balance bracket 2 is about 1170 mm.
7) And determining whether the combination is stable and balanced and correcting the sensitivity of the combination according to the adjusting method for adjusting the sensitivity of the test balance testing device in the initial balance test.
8) And calculating the sensitivity standard modulus value Hr = 0.48-0.66 mm of the balancing device.
9) Adding a 6kg retry block at the position of the calculated radius of 1800mm, actually measuring and calculating a sinking value H at the radius by using a dial indicator, and recording; if H is greater than Hr, the sensitivity is qualified; otherwise, the sensitivity needs to be improved until the product is qualified.
10 The allowable residual inclination delta R = Hr/R (mm/m) = 0.27-0.37 mm/m, the residual inclination delta of the runner hub and the included angle theta between the inclination direction and the + X axis are calculated, and the weight Pz and the radius of the additional counterweight are measured and recorded.
And adding a lead block on the assembling side of the rotating wheel to enable the rotating wheel to be assembled horizontally, and if the added lead block deviates from the calculated inclination direction to a great extent, moving the lead block to enable the lead block to be close to the inclination direction line of the rotating wheel body as much as possible, so that the added lead block is most effective. After the assembly levelness of the rotating wheel is qualified, calculating the inclination delta and the inclination direction angle theta of the assembly of the rotating wheel (which includes the added weight) by the calculation method of delta and theta in the preliminary balance test:
the method for measuring and calculating the residual inclination delta of the rotating wheel assembly and the included angle theta between the inclination direction and the + X axis comprises the following steps:
δ＝(δx2+δy2)1/2
θ＝arctgδy/δx
if delta is less than delta r, the residual unbalanced gradient is qualified.
After the total balance is qualified, recording the weight and the radius of the added lead block and the position of the lead block, and converting the result to the lead pouring position of the connector 10 according to the principle of equal moment; if the lead is not placed under interconnect 10, it can be placed in the lower cover cavity, but the lower cover should be balanced.
11 After the welding and fusing of the lead-filled counterweight of the connecting body 10 are finished, the fine balance check is carried out again, if the residual unbalance gradient of the rotating wheel is less than the allowable residual gradient, the balancing work is finished, otherwise, the counterweight is repeatedly carried out until the requirement is met. The actual weight was Ppz.
5. End of line work
After the total balance test is finished, the rotating wheel is assembled and jacked to a certain height by using a jack 12, so that the balance ball 8 is completely separated from the base plate 3, the balance test tool is disassembled, and the turning cover is combined on the connecting body 10; assembling and hoisting the rotating wheel away by using a bridge machine A, and hoisting the buttress, the jack 12, the balance tool base 1, the test platform and the like by using a bridge machine B; placing the rotating wheel in the rotating wheel pit, detaching the turning cover and the connecting body 10, and detaching the blades; hoisting the T240 screw rod 4 by using an A bridge machine, detaching the bolt of the balance bracket 2, placing the balance bracket 2 into an overhaul pit, hoisting the balance bracket 2 by using a B bridge machine, and hoisting the piston after overhaul into the runner overhaul pit by using the B bridge machine; and (5) hanging the runner body 11 on a buttress of the runner overhaul pit until the static balance test is finished.
Claims (2)
1. A static balance test method for a runner hub of a large axial flow Kaplan turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the static balance test device comprises a base (1) and a balance bracket (2), wherein the balance bracket (2) is sleeved outside the base (1), a base plate (3) is fixed on the upper end surface of the base (1), a balance ball (8) and a driving part for driving the balance ball (8) to move up and down are arranged in the balance bracket (2), the driving part comprises a threaded sleeve (5) which is rotatably connected to the upper end of the balance bracket (2), a screw rod (4) which is arranged in the threaded sleeve (5), a positioning plate (6) which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod (4) and a balance plate (7), and the balance ball (8) is fixed on the balance plate (7);
the static balance test method for the runner hub of the large axial flow Kaplan turbine comprises the following steps:
1) Mounting the balance bracket (2) into a rotating wheel body (11), mounting a connecting body (10) with all the original counterweight lead blocks taken out on the rotating wheel body (11), and forming a combined body by the connecting body (10) and the rotating wheel body (11);
2) Moving the combined body to the base (1) and ensuring that the self weight of the combined body is loaded on the base (1) through the balance ball (8);
3) Installing a level meter and a weight on the assembly, adjusting the assembly to be balanced, calculating a sensitivity standard model value Hr, a residual unbalance gradient delta and an allowable residual gradient delta r of a balancing device, adjusting the residual unbalance gradient to be qualified by adjusting the balance weight, and recording the weight, the direction and the radius of the balance weight, the eccentric distance of the center of gravity of the assembly and the position of the center of gravity;
4) Selecting and matching blades according to the recorded weight, direction and radius of the balance weight, the eccentricity of the center of gravity of the combination and the direction of the center of gravity;
5) Dismantling the connecting body (10), installing the selected blades on the rotating wheel body (11), installing a gradienter and a heavy object on the combined body, adjusting the combined body to be balanced, calculating a sensitivity standard model value Hr, a residual unbalance gradient delta and an allowable residual gradient delta r of the balancing device, recording the weight, the direction and the radius of the counterweight, and calculating the eccentric distance of the gravity center of the combined body and the position of the gravity center;
6) Recording the weight, the radius and the direction of the added balance weight through the step 5, and converting the result into the weight and the direction of the lead poured on the connector (10) according to the principle of equal moment;
7) After the welding and fusing of the lead-filled counterweight of the connecting body (10) are finished, the static balance of the combination is checked again, and the residual unbalance gradient delta of the rotating wheel body (11) is required to be smaller than the allowable residual gradient delta r.
2. The static balance test method for the runner hub of the large-scale axial-flow Kaplan turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the step 3, the sensitivity of the test balance test device needs to be adjusted, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps: jacks (12) are arranged on the periphery of the combined body, if the combined body can be toppled in any direction and cannot be reset automatically, the distance h from the gravity center of the combined body to the sphere center of the balance ball (8) is too small, the combined body is jacked up by the jacks (12) on the periphery at the moment, and the adjusting screw rod (4) is rotated to enable the sphere center to move upwards so as to increase the distance between the sphere center and the gravity center; if the weight is added on the higher side of the assembly, the assembly cannot be completely separated from the jack (12), the distance h from the gravity center of the assembly to the sphere center of the balance ball (8) is too large, the jack (12) is used for jacking the assembly again to a certain height, the adjusting screw (4) is slowly rotated downwards to enable the balance ball (8) to be in contact with the base plate (3), so that the gravity center of the assembly moves upwards, the distance between the sphere center and the gravity center is reduced, and the device is tested again after the sensitivity is improved; and (4) final verification: after a heavy object is placed at any position of the outer edge of the combined body, the combined body can descend, and can ascend again after the heavy object is removed, and the combined body is in a stable and balanced state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710948282.1A CN107677418B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710948282.1A CN107677418B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107677418A CN107677418A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
| CN107677418B true CN107677418B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
Family
ID=61139977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710948282.1A Active CN107677418B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107677418B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540389A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-29 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Movable propeller turbine runner static balance test device and method based on stress rods method |
| CN109540388B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2023-11-17 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Rotary wheel static balance test device and method for axial flow rotating propeller turbine based on three-fulcrum weighing method |
| CN112213031B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-11-19 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Static balance adjusting process and static balance test rack for strip-shaped workpiece |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007225510A (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-09-06 | Jfe Mechanical Co Ltd | Balance inspection method and device |
| CN204831084U (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Sealed piece wearing and tearing volume measuring device of hydraulic turbine static pressure self -balancing axial work |
| CN205861719U (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2017-01-04 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | A kind of baffle-type flow switch being suitable for multi-state |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01254833A (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1989-10-11 | Kenji Miyaji | Method and device for detecting unbalance in static balance of rotary body |
| US6952964B2 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2005-10-11 | Hunter Engineering Company | Vehicle wheel balancer system |
| US7320248B2 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2008-01-22 | Hunter Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for determining imbalance correction weights for a rotating body |
| DE102005024139B4 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2016-11-24 | Schenck Rotec Gmbh | Method for determining the imbalance reference axis and method for determining the imbalance and corresponding devices |
| ES2364877T3 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2011-09-15 | Snap-On Equipment Srl A Unico Socio | APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE FOR BALANCING WHEELS WITH IMPROVED PLACEMENT OF HIDDEN RADIOS ON IRREGULAR WHEELS. |
| CN201166598Y (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2008-12-17 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Runner plate type static balancing apparatus for dydropower generating units runner steel ball |
| CN101236121A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2008-08-06 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set runner steel ball glass plate type static balancing device and balance method |
| JP2010266211A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-25 | Fujitsu Ltd | Balance adjustment method |
| CN105649851B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-11-10 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | A kind of Large-scale machine set runner process for leveling |
| CN207215373U (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-10 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device |
-
2017
- 2017-10-12 CN CN201710948282.1A patent/CN107677418B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007225510A (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-09-06 | Jfe Mechanical Co Ltd | Balance inspection method and device |
| CN204831084U (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Sealed piece wearing and tearing volume measuring device of hydraulic turbine static pressure self -balancing axial work |
| CN205861719U (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2017-01-04 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | A kind of baffle-type flow switch being suitable for multi-state |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107677418A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107677418B (en) | Static balance test device and method for runner hub of large axial flow Kaplan turbine | |
| CN106768639B (en) | Device and method for measuring center of gravity of controllable pitch propeller blade | |
| CN102156024B (en) | Hydraulic static balancing instrument for high-precision ship screw propeller | |
| CN103256909B (en) | Rotary wheel of water turbine maintenance roundness measuring device | |
| CN109823568B (en) | Automatic measuring system for moment of airplane blade | |
| CN104045006B (en) | Tower crane and jacking self-balancing control system and control method thereof | |
| CN111571181B (en) | Thrust clearance measuring and adjusting device for angular contact ball bearing set | |
| CN110541735B (en) | Rotor fixing device for whole turbine transportation of steam turbine | |
| CN110779657B (en) | Marine propeller static balance detection device and imbalance detection method | |
| CN107303941B (en) | Derrick of marine drilling ship and centering installation method thereof | |
| CN105043769B (en) | Multifunctional diamond bearing tester | |
| CN113186839B (en) | Balance weight method for unequal-span rotary cable-stayed bridge | |
| CN207215373U (en) | A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device | |
| CN106799558B (en) | Labyrinth ring field repair processing technology under a kind of runner | |
| CN208872464U (en) | Static balance testing device for propeller | |
| CN217637153U (en) | Detection apparatus for brake casing depth of parallelism and axiality under helicopter main reducing gear | |
| CN201177549Y (en) | Vane centroid balancing apparatus | |
| RU2456566C1 (en) | Method for static balancing of rotor wheel of hydraulic turbine | |
| CN202693207U (en) | Rotating component static balance device of hydroelectric generating set | |
| CN209296221U (en) | Static Equilibrium Test on Runner of Turbine device based on three fulcrum weight methods | |
| CN109540388B (en) | Rotary wheel static balance test device and method for axial flow rotating propeller turbine based on three-fulcrum weighing method | |
| CN113894259A (en) | Online centering adjustment method for slab continuous casting crystallizer | |
| CN214502417U (en) | Center measuring, positioning and adjusting device of hydraulic generator | |
| CN219511744U (en) | Balance type static balancing device of large rotor | |
| CN115580096B (en) | Exciter rotor swing adjusting device for thermal power plant |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |