CN107673345A - Graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC - Google Patents
Graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC.Methods described includes：Record the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel；Current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, graphitizing furnace of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage is determined whether there is according to the current electric power feeding time；If exist in the power rise stage graphitizing furnace, obtain the graphitizing furnace current power and the graphitizing furnace corresponding to calibration power curve；According to the regulation of graphitizing furnace power described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled.Methods described can be realized power automatic and to be precisely controlled to graphitizing furnace in graphitizing process, compared with Traditional Man mode, production efficiency is improved, while the preparation of graphite material is carried out using double graphitizing furnaces in parallel, the utilization rate of utilization rate of electrical and the energy is improved, it is cost-effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to graphitization production technical field, more particularly to a kind of graphitizing furnace power in parallel based on PLC is certainly
Flowing control method.
Background technology
Acheson's type graphitizing furnace is that modern Large Copacity graphite material manufactures widely used capital equipment, its operation principle
It is to apply tens of volt DC voltages on furnace end electrode, makes resistance material and/or the resistance of carbon material m Ω levels-stove resistance stream in stove
Super-high-current and it is heating up, carbon material occur at high temperature solid phase change turn into graphitized material.Graphited key technology
It is according to Acheson's type graphitization in-furnace temperature and stove resistiveization control heating power, graphitizing process is met specific temperature rise
Curve, the power curve are referred to as graphitization power curve.Inventor has found during the present invention is realized：Typically use transformation
Device, which has, to be carried classification and transfers the files mode, according to given calibration power curve, is adjusted manually by professional operator within the defined time,
Or the semiautomatic control of graphitization power is realized by computer operating rectifier transformer gear.The mode of this manual control
With randomness, influenceed greatly by operator's state, such as transfer the files makes temperature rise process substantial deviation given curve not in time, easily produces
Unstable product quality problem is difficult to ensure graphitizing quality, and huge economic loss is brought to enterprise.
In addition, carry out the preparation of graphite material, but monomer graphite generally by the way of monomer graphitizing furnace at present
Change stove because power consumption is big, body of heater temperature fall time length, cause energy utilization rate low, cost is of a relatively high.And binary graphitizing furnace
Although power consumption is low, body of heater temperature fall time is short, the cooling method of existing binary graphitizing furnace electrode is typically in electrode
Circulating chilled water passage is inside opened up, electrode is cooled down by water-circulating pump, not only increases the production cost of electrode, Er Qieshui
The cooling effect of the circulatory system is limited, can not will be cooled to ideal temperature with stove external electrode in stove, stove external electrode can still produce
Oxidation, the service life of electrode, and the constant rate of the cooling water circulation of the structure are reduced, can not be according to the specific of electrode
Temperature is adjusted, and cooling-down effect is bad.
The content of the invention
Graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel provided by the invention based on PLC, it use the power of optimization
Control method and binary graphitizing furnace in parallel, the graphitizing furnace employs the new cooling of electrode circulatory system, at least to solve
Above mentioned problem certainly of the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC, including：
Record the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel；
Current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, determines whether to deposit according to the current electric power feeding time
In graphitizing furnace of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage；
If the graphitizing furnace in the power rise stage be present, the current power of the graphitizing furnace and described is obtained
Calibration power curve corresponding to graphitizing furnace；
According to the regulation of graphitizing furnace power described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled.
Further, it is described in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, stone is determined whether there is according to the current electric power feeding time
Graphitizing furnace of the blackization process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage, including：
In the graphitizing furnace in parallel, power corresponding to the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of each graphitizing furnace is obtained
The end time of ascent stage；
Judge whether that current electric power feeding time is less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in power rise stage；
If being less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in the power rise stage in the presence of current electric power feeding time, the stone is determined
The graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of inkization stove is in the power rise stage.
Further, the power rise stage corresponding to the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching for obtaining each graphitizing furnace
End time include：
According to the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace, graphitization mistake corresponding to each graphitizing furnace is determined
The time cycle of journey electrical power dispatching；
The time cycle dispensed according to electrical power corresponding to each graphitizing furnace, obtain corresponding to each graphitizing furnace
The end time in power rise stage.
Further, described in the calibration power curve controlled according to corresponding to the current power and the graphitizing furnace
The regulation of graphitizing furnace power, including：
The first standard work(related to the current power is being searched corresponding to the graphitizing furnace on calibration power curve
Rate；
The second calibration power matched with the current power is calculated according to first calibration power；
The tune of the graphitizing furnace power is controlled according to the comparative result of the current power and second calibration power
Section.
Further, it is described that the graphite is controlled according to the comparative result of the current power and second calibration power
Change the regulation of stove power, including：
Obtain the Lower percentages and the upper limit for deviateing calibration power；
The Lower percentages of the deviation calibration power are carried out with second calibration power according to the first preset formula
Calculate, obtain the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit；
The percentage upper limit of the deviation calibration power is carried out with second calibration power according to the first preset formula
Calculate, obtain calibration power fluctuation range lower limit；
When the difference of the current power and second power is more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit
When, carry out power downshift operation；
When second power and the current difference are more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range lower limit, enter
Row power, which shifts up, to be operated.
Further,
The graphitizing furnace in parallel includes the cooling of electrode circulatory system,
The cooling of electrode circulatory system includes：Electrode tip holder, the tooth extended to outside each body of heater in graphitizing furnace in parallel
Take turns circulating pump, cooling liquid generator and gear device；
Wherein, electrode is arranged in the electrode tip holder, and one end that the electrode is located at outside body of heater is provided with temperature sense member
Part, the inwall of each electrode tip holder are provided with the coolant jacket being bonded with the electrode seal, coolant, institute are filled with the coolant jacket
State coolant jacket and offer at least one inlet and at least one liquid outlet, the inlet and liquid outlet with gear circulating pump
It is connected, the gear circulating pump is connected with cooling liquid generator, and the gear circulating pump includes gear device, the temperature
Degree sensing element and the gear device are connected with control system, and the temperature sensitive member detects the electricity in real time
The temperature information of pole, when electrode temperature is in the first temperature range, the control system passes through the gear device control
Make the gear circulating pump and be in first circulation speed, when electrode temperature is in second temperature scope, the control system is led to
Crossing the gear device controls the gear circulating pump to be in second circulation speed.
It is using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal：The temperature information of the real-time detecting electrode of temperature-detecting device, control
System chooses the cooldown rate of optimal cooling system according to the information, and avoiding existing cooling system can not be according to the tool of electrode
Temperature be adjusted cooling output and caused by energy waste, the effect cooled down by coolant is also significantly better than water cooling
Effect, cooling effectiveness is improved, and in order to adapt to the change of output frequency, employ cycle gear pump, adaptation that can be good
The change of circulation rate, no matter in high and low rotating speed can be reliably achieved self-priming.
Further, the gear device includes the direct current generator and speed change gear being connected, the speed change gear
Including housing, main shaft, drive shaft, the first driving gear, the second driving gear, the first friction plate group, the second friction plate group, first
Piston component, second piston component and hydraulic control device；The main shaft and the drive shaft are arranged on described by bearing
In housing, the main shaft is connected with the direct current generator, and the drive shaft is connected with the gear of the gear circulating pump, institute
State drive shaft and be provided with the first driven gear and the second driven gear, first driven gear and the first driving gear phase
Engagement, second driven gear are meshed with second driving gear, and the gearing factor of two gear trains is different；It is described
First driving gear and the second driving gear are set on the main shaft by bearing, the first piston component, second piston
Component, the first friction plate group, the second friction plate group are set on the main shaft and coordinated with the gap of main reinforcement, and described first lives
Plug assembly is connected with the first friction plate group, and the second piston component is connected with the second friction plate group, described
First piston component, second piston component include oil pocket, the piston and spring being arranged in oil pocket, the oil pocket and the liquid
The oil circuit of pressure control device is connected, and the hydraulic control device is connected with the control system, the piston and the bullet
Spring is connected, and the first friction plate group and the second friction plate group include overcoat, the stator being arranged in overcoat and activity
Piece, be connected with the main shaft and with the driven shaft of mainshaft driven, the overcoat of the first friction plate group with described first actively
Gear is connected, and the overcoat of the second friction plate group is connected with second driving gear, and the stator is fixedly mounted
On the driven shaft, the activity template is set on the driven shaft and coordinated with driven shaft clearance, the activity template and institute
The inwall for stating overcoat is meshed and can slided on the inwall, and the surface of the stator is provided with groove, the activity template
Provided with the tooth being adapted with the groove；
When electrode temperature is in the first temperature range, the control system controls the hydraulic control device to described the
The oil pocket oil-feed of one piston component, work of the piston of the first piston component to the first friction plate group is promoted by oil pressure
Moving plate moves, and the activity template of the first friction plate group is engaged with the stator, so that the overcoat of the first friction plate group and institute
The first driving gear is stated with the main axis, first driven gear and drive shaft are driven by first driving gear
Rotate；When electrode temperature is in second temperature scope, the control system controls the hydraulic control device to described second
The oil pocket oil-feed of piston component, and by the oil pocket oil return of first piston component, the second piston component is promoted by oil pressure
Piston is moved to the activity template of the second friction plate group, and the activity template and the stator for making the second friction plate group are nibbled
Close, so that the overcoat of the first friction plate group and second driving tooth pass through second driving tooth with the main axis
Wheel drives second driven gear and drive shaft turns.
It is using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal：Speed change is controlled by hydraulic pressure, friction plate group and gear, not only controlled
System is accurate, adaptation working environment that can be good, and without stopping the pinion rotation of gear circulating pump in speed governing, does not produce
Cooling work stop gap, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide continual and steady cooling circulation output.
Further, the first circulation speed is 0.5-0.8 times of the second circulation speed.
Further, the first circulation speed is 0.7 times of the second circulation speed.
Further, the coolant is water-free cooling.
From above technical scheme, the graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel provided by the invention based on PLC
And system, it can be achieved power automatic and to be precisely controlled graphitizing furnace in graphitizing process, compared with Traditional Man mode,
Improve production efficiency, while the preparation of graphite material carried out using double graphitizing furnaces in parallel, improve utilization rate of electrical and
The utilization rate of the energy, it is cost-effective, by the improvement to double graphitizing furnace electrode cooling systems in parallel, further increase graphite
Change the cooling effect of stove.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in inventive embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method flow chart in parallel provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on PLC；
Fig. 2 is the graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method flow chart in parallel provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on PLC；
Fig. 3 is the cooling of electrode circulating system structure signal for the double graphitizing furnaces of parallel connection that another embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the knot of the speed change gear of the cooling of electrode circulatory system of double graphitizing furnaces in parallel in another embodiment of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the structure of the electrode tip holder of the cooling of electrode circulatory system of double graphitizing furnaces in parallel in another embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below in conjunction with the present invention
Accompanying drawing in embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described reality
It is only part of the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention to apply example, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the embodiment of the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained, it should all belong to the scope that the embodiment of the present invention is protected.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is the graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method flow chart in parallel based on PLC that the embodiment of the present invention one provides,
The executive agent of methods described is PLC corresponding to graphitizing furnace (programmable logic controller (PLC)).As shown in figure 1, the present invention is implemented
The graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC that example one provides, is specifically included：
S101, record the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel.
Specifically, graphitizing furnace in parallel includes two graphitizing furnaces, and the graphitizing furnace being connected in parallel needs successively first
Shove charge, power transmission afterwards, can set first carry out power transmission for the first graphitizing furnace, it is rear carry out power transmission for the second graphitizing furnace, the
The middle fit part of one graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace forms preheating memory space so that the second graphitizing furnace is in power transmission
During can make full use of heat energy caused by the first graphitizing furnace, so as to reduce graphite corresponding to the second graphitizing furnace
The time cycle of change process electrical power dispatching, avoid consuming excessive electricity, it is cost-effective.Furthermore, it is possible in preheating storage area
The interior double loop pipeline for setting recirculated cooling water, the cooling stage after graphitizing furnace power transmission terminates, is contracted using recirculated cooling water
The cooling cycle of short graphitizing furnace, while the preheating heating cooling water of graphitizing furnace can also be utilized, then by the cooling after heating
Water carries out secondary use, improves the utilization rate of the energy.
In this step, because the starting electric power feeding time of the first graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace has point of priority, need
The starting electric power feeding time of the first graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel is recorded respectively.
S102, current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, be according to the current electric power feeding time determination
It is no graphitizing furnace of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage to be present.
Electrical power dispatching of the graphitizing furnace in graphitizing process is divided into the power rise stage, draws peak stage, invariable power rank
3 stages of section.Wherein, it is transition of the power per liter stage to the invariable power stage to draw the peak stage, needs rapid reduction in a short time to become
Depressor gear, high voltage side of transformer electric current is set to rise to maximum, i.e., so-called drawing peak current.The invariable power stage is that graphitization is strong
Change stage, stove resistance enter slowly varying area, and transformer station high-voltage side bus is in the peak power of permission, it is only necessary to controls high voltage side current to be no more than
Limits value.And the power rise stage is needed in strict accordance with direct current calibration power curve adjustment transformer gear, be power distribution from
The critical stage of dynamic control.
Specifically, the above three stage can be controlled by PLC, and PLC sends upshift operation during power transmission and instructed to gear
Level controller, gear controller send instruction to motor-operating mechanism, operate the switch of corresponding high gear, complete to upshift again
Journey；When meeting downshift condition, downshift operation instruction order is sent to gear controller by PLC control system, gear controller is again
Instruction is sent to motor-operating mechanism, the switch of corresponding low gear is operated, completes downshift process.
The three phases of electrical power dispatching have its corresponding time cycle, such as the power rise stage is 0-20h, draw peak
Stage is 20-22h, and the invariable power stage is 22-30h.During specific implementation, it can be designed before material is fired every time
Period corresponding to each stage.It should be noted that in graphitizing furnace in parallel, because the second graphitizing furnace is in transmission process
In can make full use of heat energy caused by the first graphitizing furnace, so the time cycle corresponding to the second graphitizing furnace typically than
Its pre-set time cycle is shorter, and the specific time value that each stage shortens can be according to preheating memory space storage
Calorie value, the first graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace power transmission initial time time difference, fire material in one or more
Individual to be set, the present invention does not limit herein.
In this step, current electric power feeding time is read first, and in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, inquiry is advance respectively
Time corresponding to each stage of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of designed first graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace
Section, so as to obtain the end time of the first graphitizing furnace and the second graphitizing furnace power rise stage, in graphitizing furnace in parallel,
(the first graphitizing furnace and/or the second stone when the graphitizing furnace for the end time that electric power feeding time is less than the power rise stage be present
Mo Hualu), illustrate that it is currently still within the power rise stage, it is necessary to carry out the Power Control of ascent stage.
S103, if the graphitizing furnace in the power rise stage be present, obtain the current power of the graphitizing furnace
With the graphitizing furnace corresponding to calibration power curve.
After being determined the first graphitizing furnace and/or the second graphitizing furnace is currently at the power rise stage, the stone is obtained
Actual power current Mo Hualu calibration power curve corresponding with its.Before production, manufacturing enterprise designer will be according to firing
Product type designs the power curve to be performed, and the curve is referred to as calibration power curve.During specific implementation, designer
Member can once can a plurality of power curve of typing, in running, only need to according to corresponding to firing product type selection standard work(
Rate curve, without typing again.
S104, according to the regulation of the power of graphite furnace described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled.
In actual production process, chugging can usually occur, so that calibration power curve can not be strictly tracked, and
Different power phases, differential different, caused chuggings of transferring the files may exceed process stipulation scope, therefore work as and find technique
, it is necessary to control it regulation automatically during prescribed limit.Standard work(can be set in the form of deviateing calibration power percentage
Rate fluctuation is upper offline, and institute's forming region is calibration power fluctuation range.As long as control actual power within that range just can be full
Sufficient graphitization requirement.
Assuming that the current electric power feeding time recorded in step S102 is t, can be directly by step in this step
Calibration power corresponding to t is searched on the calibration power curve obtained in S103, calculates the inclined of current power and calibration power
Whether calibration power fluctuation range is in from value, if within that range, need not be adjusted；If above or be less than
The scope, then need accordingly to be shifted up and downshift operation.
As the another embodiment of the present embodiment, usually, calibration power curve is by the time required to ascending power
(hour integral point) is set.If t is not the integral point time, its corresponding calibration power is searched on calibration power curve table may
There can be error, can be by searching the integral point moment on calibration power curve in order to more accurately carry out the calculating of deviation value
Calibration power, calibration power corresponding to the moment is calculated using sectional linear fitting.
Specifically, it is determined which are t be between two integral point times, the two integral point times are defined as i1 and i2,
If Spi1 is the integral point calibration power of the i-th 1 hours, if Spi2 is the integral point calibration power of the i-th 2 hours, then in the i-th 1-i2 hours
Calibration power SPt=SPi1+ (Spi2-SPi1) t/60, i1=0,1 of t, 2 ... ..., n-1；I2=i1+1；0≤t ＜
60.If the current power that step S102 is obtained is SP, calibration power corresponding to t is obtained after SPt, it is possible to work(before calculating
The deviation value of rate and calibration power.
Alternatively, designer can set different deviation standard work(according to different graphitization product sintering curres
The Lower percentages and the upper limit of rate.Assuming that BDXX is the Lower percentages for deviateing calibration power, BDSX is to deviate calibration power
The percentage upper limit.Whether the deviation value that current power and calibration power can be calculated according to equation below fluctuates in calibration power
Scope.
As SPt-P >=(1-BDXX) SPt, illustrate that current power is higher than the upper limit of calibration power fluctuation range, now need
Carry out power downshift operation；As P-SPt >=(1+BDSX) SPt, illustrate that current power is less than the lower limit of calibration power fluctuation range,
Now need to carry out power shift-up operation.
By the real-time inspection and control of above step, ensure in the case where transformer is infrequently transferred the files, it is automatic to realize in fact
Border power at utmost coincide with calibration power curve.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC, including：Record
The starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel；Current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel
In, graphite of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage is determined whether there is according to the current electric power feeding time
Change stove；If the graphitizing furnace in the power rise stage be present, the current power of the graphitizing furnace and the stone are obtained
Calibration power curve corresponding to Mo Hualu；According to graphitizing furnace work(described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled
The regulation of rate.Methods described can be realized power automatic and to be precisely controlled to graphitizing furnace in graphitizing process, with traditional people
Work mode is compared, and improves production efficiency, while carries out the preparation of graphite material using double graphitizing furnaces in parallel, improves electricity
The utilization rate of energy utilization rate and the energy, it is cost-effective.
Fig. 2 is the graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method flow chart in parallel provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on PLC.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment is the specific implementation of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, therefore repeats no more in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and respectively walk
Rapid concrete methods of realizing and beneficial effect, the graphitizing furnace power in parallel provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on PLC are controlled automatically
Method processed specifically includes：
S201, record the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel.
S202, current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, obtain the graphitization mistake of each graphitizing furnace
The end time in power rise stage corresponding to the dispatching of journey electrical power.
Specifically, can be determined described each according to the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel
The time cycle that graphitizing process electrical power corresponding to graphitizing furnace dispenses；According to electrical power corresponding to each graphitizing furnace
The time cycle of dispatching, obtain the end time in power rise stage corresponding to each graphitizing furnace.
S203, judge whether that current electric power feeding time is less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in power rise stage.
If being less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in the power rise stage in the presence of current electric power feeding time, step is performed
S204 step S206- step S209, if the current electric power feeding time is more than or equal to the end time in the power rise stage,
Then perform step S205.
S204, determine that the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of the graphitizing furnace is in the power rise stage.
S205, set and draw peak mark, close the power adjusting control in power rise stage.
If it is more than or equal to the graphitizing furnace of the end time in the power rise stage, explanation in the presence of current electric power feeding time
The power per liter stage of the graphitizing furnace completes, and sets and draws peak mark, closes the power adjusting control in power rise stage, and opens
Draw the power adjusting control of the peak stage graphitizing furnace.
S206, obtain the graphitizing furnace current power and the graphitizing furnace corresponding to calibration power curve.
S207, first mark related to the current power is being searched corresponding to the graphitizing furnace on calibration power curve
Quasi- power.
S208, the second calibration power matched with the current power is calculated according to first calibration power.
Usually, calibration power curve is set by (hour integral point) the time required to ascending power.If t is not integral point
Time, its corresponding calibration power is searched on calibration power curve table may have error, be carried out partially in order to more accurate
From the calculating of value, can be counted by searching the calibration power at integral point moment on calibration power curve using sectional linear fitting
Calculation obtains calibration power corresponding to the moment.
Specifically, it is determined which are t be between two integral point times, the two integral point times are defined as i1 and i2,
First calibration power includes Spi1 and Spi2, if Spi1 is the integral point calibration power of the i-th 1 hours, if Spi2 is the i-th 2 hours
Integral point calibration power, the second power are calibration power SPt corresponding to current electric power feeding time, then t in the i-th 1-i2 hours
Calibration power SPt=SPi1+ (Spi2-SPi1) t/60, i1=0,1,2 ... ..., n-1；I2=i1+1；0≤t ＜ 60.If step
The current power that S102 is obtained is SP, obtains calibration power corresponding to t after SPt, it is possible to power and standard before calculating
The deviation value of power.
S209, control the graphitizing furnace corresponding according to the comparative result of the current power and second calibration power
The regulation of power.
Specifically, the Lower percentages and the upper limit for deviateing calibration power are obtained, designer can be according to different graphite
Change product sintering curre, set the Lower percentages and the upper limit of different deviation calibration powers.Assuming that BDXX is deviation standard work(
The Lower percentages of rate, BDSX are the percentage upper limit for deviateing calibration power.
The Lower percentages of the deviation calibration power are carried out with second calibration power according to the first preset formula
Calculate, obtain the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit；By the percentage upper limit of the deviation calibration power and the second standard work(
Rate is calculated according to the first preset formula, obtains calibration power fluctuation range lower limit.When the current power and described second
When the difference of power is more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit, power downshift operation is carried out；When second work(
When rate is more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range lower limit with the current difference, power shift-up operation is carried out.
Alternatively, the first preset formula is (1-BDXX) SPt, and the second preset formula is (1+BDSX) SPt, when SPt-P >=
(1-BDXX) SPt, illustrate that current power is higher than the upper limit of calibration power fluctuation range, now need to carry out power downshift operation；
As P-SPt >=(1+BDSX) SPt, illustrate that current power is less than the lower limit of calibration power fluctuation range, now need to carry out power
Shift up operation.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC, including：Record
The starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel；Current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel
In, graphite of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage is determined whether there is according to the current electric power feeding time
Change stove；If the graphitizing furnace in the power rise stage be present, the current power of the graphitizing furnace and the stone are obtained
Calibration power curve corresponding to Mo Hualu；According to graphitizing furnace work(described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled
The regulation of rate.Methods described can be realized power automatic and to be precisely controlled to graphitizing furnace in graphitizing process, with traditional people
Work mode is compared, and improves production efficiency, while carries out the preparation of graphite material using double graphitizing furnaces in parallel, improves electricity
The utilization rate of energy utilization rate and the energy, it is cost-effective.
With reference to accompanying drawing 3,4,5, a kind of cooling of electrode of graphitizing furnace in parallel is provided in another embodiment of the present invention and is followed
Loop system, the cooling for the graphitizing furnace in parallel that the cooling of electrode circulatory system can apply in previous embodiment.
The graphitizing furnace in parallel includes the cooling of electrode circulatory system, and the cooling of electrode circulatory system includes：Extend to
The electrode tip holder 1 outside each body of heater, gear circulating pump 6, cooling liquid generator 7 and gear device 8 in graphitizing furnace in parallel.
Wherein, electrode 2 is arranged in electrode tip holder 1, and is provided with temperature sensitive member 3 in one end that electrode 1 is located at outside body of heater,
The inwall of electrode tip holder 1 is provided with coolant jacket 4 close-fitting with electrode 2, is filled with coolant 5 in coolant jacket 4, coolant jacket 4 opens up
There is at least one inlet and liquid outlet (not shown), coolant 5 is similar to the water of water-cooling structure, the inlet of coolant jacket 4
It is connected with liquid outlet with gear circulating pump 6, gear circulating pump 6 is connected with cooling liquid generator 7, and gear circulating pump is used to follow
The coolant of ring coolant jacket 4, and the coolant after heat absorption is sent to cooling liquid generator 7, liquid generator 7 is cooled down by coolant
After being reduced to operating temperature, then by gear circulating pump 6 be delivered to it is cold go set 4 in.
Gear circulating pump 6 includes gear device 8, and temperature sensitive member 3 and gear device 8 are and control system
(not shown) is connected, the temperature information of the real-time detecting electrode 1 of temperature sensitive member 3, when electrode temperature is in the first temperature model
When enclosing, control system controls gear circulating pump 6 to be in first circulation speed by gear device 8, when electrode temperature is in
During second temperature scope, control system controls gear circulating pump 6 to be in second circulation speed by gear device 8.
The present embodiment is by the temperature information of the real-time detecting electrode of temperature-detecting device, and control system is according to information selection
The cooldown rate of optimal cooling system, cooling can not be adjusted according to the actual temp of electrode by avoiding existing cooling system
Output and caused by energy waste, the effect cooled down by coolant is also significantly better than water-cooled effect, improves cooling effect
Rate, and in order to adapt to the change of output frequency, cycle gear pump is employed, the change of adaptation circulation rate that can be well, nothing
Self-priming can be reliably achieved by high and low rotating speed.
Inventor also found, because the operating temperature of graphitizing furnace is too high, therefore existing speed adjusting gear such as variable-frequency electric
Machine carries the demand that cooling device is the working environment that can not meet graphitizing furnace in parallel, easily causes the use of variable-frequency motor
Life-span and poor-performing, therefore applicant devises a kind of gear device 8, the gear device for gear circulating pump
8 direct current generators 9 and speed change gear 10 including being connected, speed change gear, which includes housing 11, main shaft 12, drive shaft 13, first, to be led
Moving gear 14, the second driving gear 15, the first friction plate group 16, the second friction plate group 17, first piston component 18, second piston
The part such as component 19 and hydraulic control device (not shown).
Main shaft 12 and drive shaft 13 are arranged in housing 11 by bearing, and main shaft 12 is connected with direct current generator 9, drive shaft
13 are connected with the gear 61 of gear circulating pump 6, and drive shaft 13 is provided with the first driven gear 20 and the second driven gear 20, the
One driven gear 20 is meshed with the first driving gear 14, and the second driven gear 21 is meshed with the second driving gear 15, and two
The gearing factor of individual gear train is different so that gear device has two disposable gears, naturally it is also possible to according to tool
Body needs to design a variety of gears.
First driving gear 14 and the second driving gear 15 are set on main shaft 12 by bearing, first piston component 18,
Second piston component 19, the first friction plate group 16, the second friction plate group 17 are set on main shaft 12 and coordinated with the gap of main shaft 12,
First piston component 18 is connected with the first friction plate group 16, and second piston component 19 is connected with the second friction plate group 17, the
One piston component 18, second piston component 19 include oil pocket 22, the piston 23 and spring 24 being arranged in oil pocket 22, oil pocket 22
It is connected with the oil circuit of hydraulic control device, specifically, being provided with the fuel feed hole being connected with hydraulic control device pipeline in oil pocket
221, hydraulic control device is connected with control system (for example, PLC), and the hydraulic pressure control is controlled by control system output order
Device processed is connected to first piston component 18 or the oil-feed of second piston component 19 or fuel-displaced, piston 23 with spring 24, and first rubs
The friction plate group 17 of pad group 16 and second includes overcoat 25, the stator 26 being arranged in overcoat 25 and activity template 27 and master
Axle 12 is connected and is connected with the driven driven shaft 28 of main shaft 12, the overcoat of the first friction plate group 16 with the first driving gear 14
Connect, the overcoat of the second friction plate group 17 is connected with the second driving gear 15, and stator 26 is fixedly mounted on driven shaft 28, living
Moving plate 27 is set on driven shaft 28 and coordinated with the gap of driven shaft 28, and activity template 27 is meshed with the inwall of overcoat 25 and can be
Slided on inwall, the surface of stator 26 is provided with groove, and activity template 27 is provided with the tooth being adapted with groove.
The course of work of above-mentioned speed changing structure is：When electrode temperature is in the first temperature range, control system control liquid
Oil pocket oil-feed of the pressure control device to first piston component, the piston of first piston component is promoted to the first friction plate by oil pressure
Group activity template motion, the activity template of the first friction plate group is engaged with stator so that the overcoat of the first friction plate group with
First driving gear drives the first driven gear and drive shaft turns with main axis, by the first driving gear, and now the
Two driving gears rotate with the rotation of the second driven gear, do not produce torque output.
When electrode temperature is in second temperature scope, control system controls hydraulic control device to second piston component
Oil pocket oil-feed, and by the oil pocket oil return of first piston component, the piston for promoting second piston component by oil pressure rubs to second
The activity template motion of piece group, makes the activity template of the second friction plate group be engaged with stator, so that the overcoat of the first friction plate group
With the second driving tooth with main axis, the second driven gear and drive shaft turns are driven by the second driving gear.
Said structure controls speed change by hydraulic pressure, friction plate group and gear, and not only control is accurate, adaptation that can be good
Working environment, and without stopping the pinion rotation of gear circulating pump in speed governing, cooling work stop gap is not produced, can
Continual and steady cooling circulation output is provided.
In addition, inventor has found that electrode (by taking copper electrode as an example) has two temperature change sections at work, i.e., it is initial
Warming-up section and constant temperature zone, therefore inventor passes through largely it is demonstrated experimentally that above-mentioned first circulation rated design is followed for second
The change of adaptation electrode temperature that can be well when 0.5-0.8 times of ring speed, particularly 0.7 times, can be to two of electrode
State carries out good cooling work so that electrode is in non-oxide state of temperature, can further save needed for cooling device
Electric energy.
Favourable, the coolant of the present embodiment is water-free cooling.Water-free cooling can be avoided to gear and coolant jacket
The problems such as burn into incrustation scale, cavitation erosion being brought etc. structure.
Specifically, the temperature sensitive member of the present embodiment can be temperature sensor, control system or control device can be with
It is one kind in the control circuits such as PLC, single-chip microcomputer, certainly, well known to a person skilled in the art other interchangeable above-mentioned functions
Element is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Finally it should be noted that：Above example is only to illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, rather than it is limited
System；Although the application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equal
Replace；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from each embodiment technical scheme of the application
Spirit and scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC, it is characterised in that including：Record the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace in graphitizing furnace in parallel；Current electric power feeding time is read, in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, stone is determined whether there is according to the current electric power feeding time Graphitizing furnace of the blackization process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage；If the graphitizing furnace in the power rise stage be present, the current power of the graphitizing furnace and the graphite are obtained Change calibration power curve corresponding to stove；According to the regulation of graphitizing furnace power described in the current power and the calibration power curve controlled.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described in the graphitizing furnace in parallel, worked as according to described Preceding electric power feeding time determines whether there is graphitizing furnace of the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching in the power rise stage, including：In the graphitizing furnace in parallel, power rise corresponding to the graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of each graphitizing furnace is obtained The end time in stage；Judge whether that current electric power feeding time is less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in power rise stage；If being less than the graphitizing furnace of the end time in the power rise stage in the presence of current electric power feeding time, the graphitization is determined The graphitizing process electrical power dispatching of stove is in the power rise stage.
- 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the graphitizing process electric work for obtaining each graphitizing furnace The end time in power rise stage includes corresponding to rate dispatching：According to the starting electric power feeding time of each graphitizing furnace, graphitizing process electricity corresponding to each graphitizing furnace is determined The time cycle of power distribution；The time cycle dispensed according to electrical power corresponding to each graphitizing furnace, obtain power corresponding to each graphitizing furnace The end time of ascent stage.
- 4. according to the method described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that described according to the current power and the stone The regulation of graphitizing furnace power described in calibration power curve controlled corresponding to Mo Hualu, including：First calibration power related to the current power is being searched corresponding to the graphitizing furnace on calibration power curve；The second calibration power matched with the current power is calculated according to first calibration power；The regulation of the graphitizing furnace power is controlled according to the comparative result of the current power and second calibration power.
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that described according to the current power and the second standard work( The comparative result of rate controls the regulation of the graphitizing furnace power, including：Obtain the Lower percentages and the upper limit for deviateing calibration power；The Lower percentages of the deviation calibration power are calculated with second calibration power according to the first preset formula, Obtain the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit；The percentage upper limit of the deviation calibration power is calculated with second calibration power according to the first preset formula, Obtain calibration power fluctuation range lower limit；When the difference of the current power and second power is more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range upper limit, enter Row power downshift operation；When second power and the current difference are more than or equal to the calibration power fluctuation range lower limit, work(is carried out Rate, which shifts up, to be operated.
- 6. according to the method described in any one in claim 1-3,5, it is characterised in that：The graphitizing furnace in parallel includes the cooling of electrode circulatory system,The cooling of electrode circulatory system includes：Electrode tip holder, the gear extended to outside each body of heater in graphitizing furnace in parallel follows Ring pump, cooling liquid generator and gear device；Wherein, electrode is arranged in the electrode tip holder, and one end that the electrode is located at outside body of heater is provided with temperature sensitive member, often The inwall of individual electrode tip holder is provided with the coolant jacket being bonded with the electrode seal, and coolant is filled with the coolant jacket, described cold But set offers at least one inlet and at least one liquid outlet, and the inlet and liquid outlet are connected with gear circulating pump Connect, the gear circulating pump is connected with cooling liquid generator, and the gear circulating pump includes gear device, the temperature sense Element and the gear device is answered to be connected with control system, the temperature sensitive member detects the electrode in real time Temperature information, when electrode temperature is in the first temperature range, the control system controls institute by the gear device State gear circulating pump and be in first circulation speed, when electrode temperature is in second temperature scope, the control system passes through institute Stating gear device controls the gear circulating pump to be in second circulation speed.
- 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the gear device includes the direct current generator being connected And speed change gear, the speed change gear rub including housing, main shaft, drive shaft, the first driving gear, the second driving gear, first Pad group, the second friction plate group, first piston component, second piston component and hydraulic control device；The main shaft and described Drive shaft by bearing be arranged on the housing in, the main shaft is connected with the direct current generator, the drive shaft with it is described The gear of gear circulating pump is connected, and the drive shaft is provided with the first driven gear and the second driven gear, described first from Moving gear is meshed with first driving gear, and second driven gear is meshed with second driving gear, and two The gearing factor of individual gear train is different；First driving gear and the second driving gear are set in the main shaft by bearing On, the first piston component, second piston component, the first friction plate group, the second friction plate group are set on the main shaft simultaneously Coordinate with the gap of main reinforcement, the first piston component is connected with the first friction plate group, the second piston component It is connected with the second friction plate group, the first piston component, second piston component include oil pocket, be arranged in oil pocket Piston and spring, the oil pocket is connected with the oil circuit of the hydraulic control device, the hydraulic control device and the control System processed is connected, and the piston is connected with the spring, and the first friction plate group and the second friction plate group are including outer The stator and activity template that cover, are arranged in overcoat, it is connected with the main shaft and with the driven shaft of mainshaft driven, described first The overcoat of friction plate group is connected with first driving gear, the overcoat of the second friction plate group and second driving tooth Wheel is connected, and the stator is fixedly mounted on the driven shaft, the activity template be set on the driven shaft and with from Moving axis gap coordinates, and the activity template is meshed with the inwall of the overcoat and can slided on the inwall, the stator Surface be provided with groove, the activity template is provided with the tooth being adapted with the groove；When electrode temperature is in the first temperature range, the control system controls the hydraulic control device to be lived to described first The oil pocket oil-feed of plug assembly, the piston of the first piston component is promoted to the activity template of the first friction plate group by oil pressure Motion, makes the activity template of the first friction plate group be engaged with the stator, so that the overcoat of the first friction plate group and described the One driving gear drives first driven gear and drive shaft to turn with the main axis by first driving gear It is dynamic；When electrode temperature is in second temperature scope, the control system controls the hydraulic control device to be lived to described second The oil pocket oil-feed of plug assembly, and by the oil pocket oil return of first piston component, the work of the second piston component is promoted by oil pressure Fill in and moved to the activity template of the second friction plate group, the activity template of the second friction plate group is engaged with the stator, So that the overcoat of the first friction plate group and second driving tooth pass through the second driving gear band with the main axis Move second driven gear and drive shaft turns.
- 8. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the first circulation speed is the second circulation speed 0.5-0.8 times.
- 9. according to the method for claim 8, it is characterised in that preferable, the first circulation speed is followed for described second 0.7 times of ring speed.
- 10. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the coolant is water-free cooling.
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| CN201711085319.9A CN107673345A (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Graphitizing furnace power autocontrol method in parallel based on PLC |
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| CN112756529A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-07 | 江苏东浦钨钼制品有限责任公司 | Reciprocating type molybdenum rod processing system that links up pay-off |
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| CN115353103A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-18 | 青岛宜博铜业集团有限公司 | Acheson furnace butt-clamped bus conducting equipment and control method thereof |
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| CN115353103A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-18 | 青岛宜博铜业集团有限公司 | Acheson furnace butt-clamped bus conducting equipment and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180209 |