CN107661769A - The forming method and hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of nano-carbon material formed body and its preparation method and application and nano-carbon material - Google Patents

The forming method and hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of nano-carbon material formed body and its preparation method and application and nano-carbon material Download PDF

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CN107661769A
CN107661769A CN201610603361.4A CN201610603361A CN107661769A CN 107661769 A CN107661769 A CN 107661769A CN 201610603361 A CN201610603361 A CN 201610603361A CN 107661769 A CN107661769 A CN 107661769A
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nano
weight
carbon material
range
formed body
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CN107661769B (en
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史春风
荣峻峰
于鹏
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—
    • B01J35/40—
    • B01J35/615—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
    • C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
    • C07C5/48—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/24—Nitrogen compounds

Abstract

The forming method and hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of nano-carbon material formed body and its preparation method and application and nano-carbon material.The invention discloses a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body contains nano-carbon material and for by the heat-resistant inorganic oxide of the nano-carbon material molding bonded, on the basis of the total amount of the formed body, the content of the nano-carbon material is 6 94 weight %, the content of the binding agent is 6 94 weight %, and the nano-carbon material is made using the method comprised the following steps：A kind of aqueous dispersions for being dispersed with raw material nano carbon material are reacted in closed container, for the aqueous dispersions with or without organic base, organic base is amine and/or quaternary ammonium base, and in course of reaction, the temperature of aqueous dispersions is maintained in the range of 80 220 DEG C.According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention using heat-resistant inorganic oxide as binding agent by nano-carbon material molding bonded, not only there is higher crushing strength, and there is higher porosity, the catalyst for being adapted as catalyst, particularly hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction uses.

Description

Nano-carbon material formed body and its preparation method and application and nano-carbon material into Type method and hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano-carbon material field shaping technique, in particular it relates to which a kind of nano-carbon material is molded Body and preparation method thereof, the invention further relates to the application of catalyst of the nano-carbon material formed body as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction, The invention further relates to a kind of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method using the nano-carbon material formed body as catalyst.
Background technology
The dehydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbons is a kind of important reaction type, such as most of low-carbon olefine is to pass through low-carbon The dehydrogenation reaction of alkane and obtain.Whether dehydrogenation reaction participates in that direct dehydrogenation reaction (that is, oxygen can be divided into according to oxygen Gas is not involved in) and oxidative dehydrogenation (that is, oxygen participates in) two classes.
Polytype nano-carbon material has been demonstrated equal to the direct dehydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbons and oxidative dehydrogenation With catalytic effect.
Hydrocarbon oxidative dehydrogenation process using nano-carbon material as catalyst, need to be by nano-sized carbon as used fixed bed reaction technique Material is molded, and formed body needs the requirement for meeting following two aspects：(1) there is certain intensity, to avoid in course of reaction Middle formed body occurs to crush, and on the one hand broken the fine grained formed or powder can cause beds pressure drop to raise, so as to carry High production run cost, increase the danger of production；On the other hand if the broken fine grained formed or powder are by reaction product band Go out, catalyst loss and product can be caused to separate and complicate；(2) there is certain porosity, to improve the ratio table of formed body Area so that the nano-carbon material in formed body can be contacted more fully with reaction mass.
As an example for being molded nano-carbon material, researcher attempts CNT (CNT) being supported on SiC bubbles The surface of foam, form CNT/SiC foams.Although CNT can preferably be anchored on SiC foam surface, CNT load capacity compared with It is low, it is typically only capable to reach 0.5-4 weight %.
Therefore, how nano-carbon material is shaped in wide in range nano-carbon material content range still with higher The formed body of intensity is still a technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nano-carbon material formed body and preparation method thereof, nano-carbon material shaping Body not only has higher intensity, and the content of nano-carbon material can be adjusted in wider scope.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body, which contains, to be received Rice carbon material and for by the heat-resistant inorganic oxide of the nano-carbon material molding bonded, using the total amount of the formed body as Benchmark, the content of the nano-carbon material is 6-94 weight %, and the content of the binding agent is 6-94 weight %；
The nano-carbon material is made using the method comprised the following steps：By a kind of raw material nano carbon material of being dispersed with Aqueous dispersions are reacted in closed container, and for the aqueous dispersions with or without organic base, the organic base is amine and/or season Ammonium alkali, in course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions is maintained in the range of 80-220 DEG C.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body to contain Nano-carbon material and for by the heat-resistant inorganic oxide of the nano-carbon material molding bonded, with the total amount of the formed body On the basis of, the content of the nano-carbon material is 6-94 weight %, and the content of the binding agent is 6-94 weight %, the nanometer Carbon material contains O elements and optional N element.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, should the invention provides a kind of preparation method of nano-carbon material formed body Method include nano-carbon material is mixed with binding agent source, obtained mixture is molded, obtains article shaped, by it is described into Type thing is dried and is optionally calcined, and the binding agent source is selected from heat-resistant inorganic oxide and/or heat-resistant inorganic oxide Precursor, the nano-carbon material is not surface treated nano-carbon material and/or surface treated nano-carbon material, Determine that the surface treated nano-carbon material contains O elements and optional N element by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method system as described in third aspect of the present invention Standby nano-carbon material formed body.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the invention provides according to the present invention nano-carbon material formed body as hydrocarbon The application of the catalyst of dehydrogenation reaction.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method, this method, which is included in, deposits Under conditions of oxygen, under hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction conditions, by hydrocarbon with the present invention the on one side, second aspect or Nano-carbon material formed body contact described in the 4th aspect of person.
Nano-carbon material is glued using heat-resistant inorganic oxide as binding agent according to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention Form type, not only there is higher crushing strength, and there is higher porosity, be adapted as catalyst, particularly hydrocarbon The catalyst of dehydrogenation reaction uses.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It is it should be appreciated that described herein specific Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
The end points of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to the accurate scope or value herein, these scopes or Value should be understood to comprising the value close to these scopes or value.For number range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of individual scope and single point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more New number range, these number ranges should be considered as specific open herein.In the present invention, nano-carbon material refers to disperse The phase yardstick at least one-dimensional carbon material less than 100nm.In the present invention, when representing number range, " ×-× in the range of " Including two binary values.In the present invention, " at least one " represents one or more kinds of.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body to contain Nano-carbon material (nano-carbon material also is referred to as into nano-carbon material containing hetero atom sometimes below) by described and for receiving The heat-resistant inorganic oxide of rice carbon material molding bonded.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, the nano-carbon material is using the method comprised the following steps It is made：A kind of aqueous dispersions for being dispersed with raw material nano carbon material are reacted in closed container, the aqueous dispersions contain Or without organic base, the organic base is amine and/or quaternary ammonium base, in course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions is maintained at 80- In the range of 220 DEG C.
Decentralized medium in the aqueous dispersions can be water, or the aqueous solution containing at least one organic base.
When the decentralized medium of the aqueous dispersions is water, from the further nano-carbon material formed body that improves as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation The angle of catalytic activity during the catalyst of reaction is set out, raw material nano carbon material：H2O weight ratio is preferably 1：2-200's In the range of, more preferably 1：In the range of 5-100, further preferably 1：In the range of 10-50, particularly preferably 1：15-25 In the range of.Furthermore it is also possible to the dosage of water is adjusted according to the species of organic base, so that the organic base can uniformly divide It is dispersed in water and is defined.
In the organic base that the decentralized medium of the aqueous dispersions contains water and is dissolved in the water, it can further improve and receive Catalytic performance of the rice carbon material formed body in hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction process.From the further nano-carbon material formed body that improves as hydrocarbon The angle of catalytic performance during the catalyst of dehydrogenation reaction is set out, raw material nano carbon material：The weight ratio of organic base is preferably 1： In the range of 0.05-20, more preferably 1：In the range of 0.1-8, further preferably in the range of 0.5-5.
The organic base is selected from amine and quaternary ammonium base.The quaternary ammonium base is specifically as follows the compound shown in Formulas I：
In Formulas I, R1、R2、R3And R4Can be each C1-C20Alkyl (including C1-C20Straight chained alkyl and C3-C20Branch Alkyl group) or C6-C12Aryl.The C1-C20The instantiation of alkyl can include but is not limited to：Methyl, ethyl, just Propyl group, isopropyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl group, the tert-butyl group, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, tertiary pentyl, n-hexyl, just Octyl group, n-nonyl, positive decyl, n-undecane base, dodecyl, n-tridecane base, n-tetradecane base, n-pentadecane base, just One or more in cetyl, n-octadecane base and n-eicosane base.The C6-C12The instantiation of aryl can wrap Include but be not limited to phenyl, naphthyl, aminomethyl phenyl and ethylphenyl.Preferably, R1、R2、R3And R4Respectively C1-C10Alkyl (bag Include C1-C10Straight chained alkyl and C3-C10Branched alkyl).It is further preferred that R1、R2、R3And R4Respectively C1-C6Alkyl (including C1-C6Straight chained alkyl and C3-C6Branched alkyl).
The amine refers to the material that the one, two or three hydrogen in amino molecule is substituted and formed by organic group, described Organic group can form cyclic structure with nitrogen atom bonding.The organic group can be substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or not take The aliphatic alkyl in generation and/or substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, the aliphatic alkyl can be Substitute (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted representative examples of saturated aliphatic chain alkylene, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted unsaturated lipid Fat race chain alkylene, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon base and substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) do not take It is more than one or both of the unsaturated lipid cyclic hydrocarbon radical in generation.Specifically, the amine can be substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or not Substituted representative examples of saturated aliphatic amine, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted unsaturated aliphatic amine, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) Or unsubstituted saturation aliphatic cyclic amine, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted unsaturated lipid cyclammonium, substitution (such as hydroxyl substitution) Or more than unsubstituted heterocyclic amine and substitution one or both of (such as hydroxyl substitution) or unsubstituted arylamine.
The unsaturated aliphatic amine refers to the aliphatic streptamine containing unsaturated group, the unsaturation in molecular structure Group is preferably alkenyl (that is ,-C=C-).The quantity of the unsaturated group and amino each can be one or two with On, it is not particularly limited.
The method according to the invention, the instantiation of the organic base can include but is not limited to methylamine, dimethylamine, front three Amine, ethamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, n-propylamine, di-n-propylamine, Tri-n-Propylamine, isopropylamine, diisopropylamine, n-butylamine, two are just Butylamine, tri-n-butyl amine, sec-butylamine, diisobutyl amine, triisobutyl amine, tert-butylamine, n-amylamine, two n-amylamines, three N-amylamine, neopentyl amine, iso-amylamine, di-iso-amylamine, triisoamylamine, tertiary amylamine, n-hexylamine, n-octyl amine, positive nonyl amine, n-Decylamine, just Undecyl amine, dodecyl amine, dodecyl-dimethyl amine, n-tridecane base amine, n-tetradecane base amine, n-pentadecane base Amine, n-hexadecyl amine, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, diethanol amine, two n-propanolamines, three n-propanolamines, Two n-butanol amine, three n-butanol amine, dodecyl-dimethyl amine, tetradecyldimethylamine, hexadecyldimethyl benzyl ammonium amine, second two Amine, propane diamine, butanediamine, pentanediamine, hexamethylene diamine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrroles, substituted or unsubstituted nafoxidine, substitution Or unsubstituted pyridine, substituted or unsubstituted hexahydropyridine, substituted or unsubstituted imidazoles, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazoles, Substituted or unsubstituted quinoline, substituted or unsubstituted EEDQ, substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydroquinoline, substitution or unsubstituted Decahydroquinoline, substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolin, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine, aniline, diphenylamines, benzidine, adjacent benzene two Amine, m-phenylene diamine (MPD), p-phenylenediamine, o-toluidine, m-toluidine, open-chain crown ether, 23 dimethyl aniline, 2,4- diformazans Base aniline, 2,5- dimethylanilines, 2,6- dimethylanilines, 3,4- dimethylanilines, 3,5- dimethylanilines, 2,4,6- front threes Base aniline, o ethyl aniline, N- butylanilines, 2,6- diethylanilines, cyclohexylamine, cyclopentamine, hexamethylenetetramine, divinyl Triamine, triethylene tetramine, TMAH, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, TPAOH (including its various isomery Body, such as four n-propyl ammonium hydroxide and tetra isopropyl ammonium hydroxide), TBAH (including its various isomers, such as four N-butylammonium hydroxide, four sec-butyl ammonium hydroxide, four isobutyl group ammonium hydroxide and tetra-tert ammonium hydroxide) and four pentyl hydrogen It is more than one or both of amine-oxides (including its various isomers).
The amine is preferably the compound shown in Formula II, the compound shown in formula III and general formula R12(NH2)2Represent It is more than one or both of material,
In Formula II, R5、R6And R7Respectively H, C1-C6Alkyl or C6-C12Aryl, and R5、R6And R7It is asynchronously H. In the present invention, C1-C6The instantiation of alkyl can include but is not limited to：Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, normal-butyl, Sec-butyl, isobutyl group, the tert-butyl group, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tertiary pentyl, neopentyl and n-hexyl.In the present invention, C6-C12Aryl Instantiation include but is not limited to phenyl, naphthyl, aminomethyl phenyl and ethylphenyl.
In formula III, R8、R9And R10Respectively-R11OH or hydrogen, and R8、R9And R10In it is at least one be-R11OH, R11 For C1-C4Alkylidene.In the present invention, C1-C4Alkylidene include C1-C4Straight-chain alkyl-sub and C3-C4Branched alkylidene, Its instantiation can include but is not limited to：Methylene, ethylidene, sub- n-propyl, isopropylidene, sub- normal-butyl, isobutylidene With the sub- tert-butyl group.
General formula R12(NH2)2In, R12Can be C1-C6Alkylidene or C6-C12Arlydene.In the present invention, C1-C6's Alkylidene includes C1-C6Straight-chain alkyl-sub and C3-C6Branched alkylidene, its instantiation can include but is not limited to：Methylene Base, ethylidene, sub- n-propyl, isopropylidene, sub- normal-butyl, isobutylidene, the sub- tert-butyl group, sub- n-pentyl and sub- n-hexyl.This In invention, C6-C12The instantiation of arlydene include but is not limited to phenylene and naphthylene.
Preferably, the organic base is selected from quaternary ammonium base.
In course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions is preferably in the range of 80-220 DEG C.In the aqueous dispersions When temperature is within above range, the oxygen atom in raw material nano carbon material can not only be effectively improved and/or nitrogen-atoms contains Amount, and the structural form of raw material nano carbon material will not be produced and significantly affected.In course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions Degree is more preferably in the range of 140-180 DEG C.
The duration of the reaction can be selected according to the temperature of reaction, with can be in raw material nano carbon material Introduce enough oxygen atoms and/or nitrogen-atoms is defined.Usually, the duration of the reaction can be in the model of 0.5-96 hours In enclosing, preferably in the range of 2-72 hours, more preferably in the range of 20-50 hours.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, the moisture can be formed using conventional various methods Dispersion liquid, such as raw material nano carbon material can be dispersed in water (preferably deionized water), then it is optionally added into described organic Alkali, so as to obtain the aqueous dispersions.In order to further improve the dispersion effect of raw material nano carbon material, while shorten what is disperseed Time, the method for sonic oscillation can be used to be dispersed in water raw material nano carbon material.The condition of the sonic oscillation can be with For conventional selection, usually, the frequency of the sonic oscillation can be 10-100kHz, preferably 40-80kHz, and the ultrasound is shaken The duration swung can be 0.1-6 hours, preferably 0.5-2 hours.The method according to the invention, the organic base preferably with The form of solution (preferred aqueous solutions) provides.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, oxygen element and nitrogen in the raw material nano carbon material Content is not particularly limited, and can be conventional selection.Usually, the content of O elements is not high in the raw material nano carbon material In 1.2 weight %, preferably not higher than 0.5 weight %；The content of N element is less than 0.1 weight % preferably not higher than 0.08 Weight %, more preferably not above 0.05 weight %.Remaining in the raw material nano carbon material outside oxygen atom and nitrogen-atoms The total amount (in terms of element) of nonmetallic heteroatoms (such as phosphorus atoms and sulphur atom) can be customary amount.Usually, the raw material The total amount of oxygen atom and remaining nonmetallic heteroatoms outside nitrogen-atoms is not higher than 0.5 weight %, preferably in nano-carbon material For not higher than 0.2 weight %, more preferably not above 0.1 weight %, more preferably not higher than 0.05 weight %.The original Expect that nano-carbon material according to the difference in source, can also contain some metallic elements, such as from preparing raw material nano carbon material Metallic element in the catalyst used during material.The content (in terms of element) of metallic element is general in the raw material nano carbon material Below 2.5 weight %, preferably below 2 weight %, more preferably below 1 weight %, more preferably 0.5 weight % with Under.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, raw material nano carbon material can use this area before use Conventional method is pre-processed (as washed), to remove some impurity of raw material nano carbon material surface；Can also be without Pretreatment, directly use.In preparation example disclosed by the invention, raw material nano carbon material is not pre-processed using preceding.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, the raw material nano carbon material can be but be not limited to carbon and receive One or both of mitron, graphene, Nano diamond, thin layer graphite, nano carbon particle, Nano carbon fibers peacekeeping fullerene with On combination.The CNT can be single-walled carbon nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube and multi-walled carbon nanotube in one kind or Two or more combinations.Preferably, the raw material nano carbon material is CNT, more preferably multi-walled carbon nanotube.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, in a preferred embodiment, the raw material nano Carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube, and the specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube can be 50-500m2/ g, preferably 80- 300m2/ g, more preferably 100-260m2/ g, more preferably 120-190m2/g。
When the raw material nano carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube, temperature of the multi-walled carbon nanotube at 400-800 DEG C The weight-loss ratio spent in section is w800, the weight-loss ratio in 400-500 DEG C of temperature range is w500, w500/w800Can be in 0.01- In the range of 0.5, preferably in the range of 0.02-0.4.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, the reaction is carried out in closed container.The reaction can To be carried out under self-generated pressure (that is, not applying pressure additionally), can also carry out under pressure.Preferably, it is described anti- It should carry out at autogenous pressures.The closed container can be the common reactor that can realize sealing and heating, as high pressure is anti- Answer kettle.
According to the formed body described in one side of the invention, isolated in the mixture that can also include obtaining from reaction It is dried after solid matter, so as to obtain nano-carbon material.It can use what conventional solid-liquid separating method obtained from reaction Solid matter is isolated in mixture, such as combination more than one or both of centrifugation, filtering and decantation.The bar of the drying Part can be conventional selection, be defined by that can remove the volatile materials in the solid matter isolated.Usually, the drying can To be carried out at a temperature of 50-400 DEG C, carried out preferably at a temperature of 80-180 DEG C.The duration of the drying can root Selected according to dry temperature and mode.Usually, the duration of the drying can be no more than 48 hours, be preferably 4-24 hours, more preferably 6-12 hours.The drying can be carried out under normal pressure (that is, 1 standard atmospheric pressure), can also subtracted Carried out under conditions of pressure.From the further angle for improving dry efficiency, the drying is preferably entered at reduced pressure OK.Also spray drying etc. is without by solid matter is isolated in mixture the step of can be used, drying now can be Carried out at a temperature of 120-400 DEG C, carry out preferably at a temperature of 150-350 DEG C, more preferably enter at a temperature of 180-300 DEG C OK, the duration of the drying can be selected according to dry degree, be such as no more than 0.5 hour, preferably no more than 0.2 hour, more preferably less than 0.1 hour.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, also contain and be used for the heat-resisting of the nano-carbon material molding bonded Inorganic oxide.In the present invention, term " heat-resistant inorganic oxide " refers to that under oxygen or oxygen-containing atmosphere decomposition temperature is not less than 300 DEG C (such as：Decomposition temperature be 300-1000 DEG C) inorganic oxygen-containing compound.
The heat-resistant inorganic oxide is preferably more than one or both of aluminum oxide, silica and titanium oxide.One In individual example, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is aluminum oxide, and it is higher to be molded physical efficiency acquisition according to the nano-carbon material of the example Feed stock conversion.
In a preferred embodiment, at least part heat-resistant inorganic oxide is silica, according to the preferable reality The nano-carbon material formed body of mode is applied in the catalyst as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction, can be in feed stock conversion and selectivity of product Between obtain preferably balance.It is described on the basis of the total amount of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide in the preferred embodiment The content of silica can be 10-100 weight %, more preferably preferably 20-99 weight %, 50-99 weight %, silicon Outside the content of heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be 0-90 weight %, preferably 1-80 weight %, more preferably 1-50 weight Measure %.In the preferred embodiment, the instantiation of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide outside silicon can be included but not It is limited to aluminum oxide and/or titanium oxide.As an example of the preferred embodiment, the heat resistant inorganic oxygen outside silicon Compound is titanium oxide.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, the content of the nano-carbon material can become in wider scope It is dynamic, still such that the nano-carbon material formed body has higher intensity.Usually, with the nano-carbon material formed body On the basis of total amount, the content of the nano-carbon material can be 6-94 weight %, preferably 8-92 weight %, more preferably 10- 90 weight %, more preferably 20-90 weight %, it is still more preferably 40-90 weight %, particularly preferably 65-90 weight % is measured, the content of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be 6-94 weight %, preferably 8-92 weight %, more preferably 10-90 Weight %, more preferably 10-80 weight %, it is still more preferably 10-60 weight %, particularly preferably 10-35 weight Measure %.The composition of formed body can use x-ray fluorescence spectrometry.In embodiment disclosed by the invention, by the gauge that feeds intake The composition of the composition and the formed body using x-ray fluorescence spectrometry of obtained formed body is basically identical, and error is 5% Within.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body to contain Nano-carbon material and for by the heat-resistant inorganic oxide of the nano-carbon material molding bonded.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, the nano-carbon material contains O elements and optional N element (hereinafter, otherwise referred to as nano-carbon material containing hetero atom).
The content of O elements and optional N element can be according to the source of the nano-carbon material in the nano-carbon material Selected, can also be selected with the concrete application occasion of the nano-carbon material formed body.Usually, with the nano-sized carbon On the basis of the total amount of material and in terms of element, the content of O elements can be 0.5-6 weight %, and the content of N element can be 0-2 Weight %, the content of C element can be 92-99.5 weight %.
In the present invention, the content of each element is determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Sample is before testing at 150 DEG C At a temperature of in helium atmosphere dry 3 hours.Wherein, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis are in Thermo Scientific companies Equipped with being tested on the ESCALab250 type x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies of Thermo Avantage V5.926 softwares, swash Rise for monochromatization Al K α X ray, energy 1486.6eV, power 150W, penetrating used in narrow scan can be 30eV, analyze Base vacuum during test is 6.5 × 10-10Mbar, C1s peaks (284.0eV) correction of electron binding energy simple substance carbon, Data processing is carried out on Thermo Avantage softwares, quantitative analysis is carried out using sensitivity factor method in analysis module.
In one embodiment, when the content of N element is less than 0.1 weight % in the nano-carbon material, with nanometer On the basis of the total amount of carbon material and in terms of element, O content can be 0.5-5.8 weight %, preferably 3-5.5 weight %, more Preferably 4.5-5.5 weight %；The content of C element can be 94.2-99.5 weight %, preferably 94.5-97 weight %, more excellent Elect 94.5-95.5 weight % as.
In a kind of embodiment being more highly preferred to, the nano-carbon material preferably comprises N element, so can further carry Catalytic performance during high catalyst as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction.It is highly preferred that on the basis of the total amount of the nano-carbon material simultaneously In terms of element, the content of O elements can be 1.3-6 weight %, more preferably preferably 2-6 weight %, 4-6 weight %；N element Content can be 0.2-1.8 weight %, more preferably preferably 0.5-1.8 weight %, 1-1.5 weight %；The content of C element Can be 92.2-98.5 weight %, more preferably preferably 92.2-97.5 weight %, 92.5-95 weight %.
According to the formed body described in second aspect of the present invention, in the nano-carbon material, by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements (that is, C=O) that peak in the range of 531.0-532.5eV determines is IO c, by 532.6- in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements (that is, CO) that peak in the range of 533.5eV determines is IO e, IO c/IO eCan be in the range of 0.1-0.8.Institute When the content for stating N element in nano-carbon material is less than 0.1 weight %, IO c/IO eIt is preferred that in the range of 0.1-0.7, more preferably In the range of 0.4-0.7, further preferably in the range of 0.55-0.65.The content of N element in the nano-carbon material For more than 0.1 weight % when, IO c/IO eIt is preferred that in the range of 0.1-0.9, more preferably in the range of 0.35-0.85, enter one Step is preferably in the range of 0.5-0.8.
In the present invention, by the area A of the O1s spectral peaks in x-ray photoelectron power spectrumO 1The total amount of O elements is determined, by X ray O1s spectral peaks in photoelectron spectroscopy are divided into two groups of peaks, i.e., the spectral peak (corresponding to C=O species) in the range of 531.0-532.5eV And the spectral peak (corresponding to C-O species) in the range of 532.6-533.5eV, by the spectral peak in the range of 531.0-532.5eV Area be designated as AO 2, the area of the spectral peak in the range of 532.6-533.5eV is designated as AO 3, IO c/IO e=AO 2/AO 3。
According to the formed body described in second aspect of the present invention, in the nano-carbon material, with by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum On the basis of the total amount of the C element of determination, the C element that is determined by the peak in the range of 284.7-284.9eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum Content can be more than 20 weight %, preferably more than 40 weight %, more preferably more than 50 weight %, more preferably More than 70 weight %.The content of the C element determined by the peak in the range of 284.7-284.9eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum can be with For below 95 weight %, preferably below 90 weight %.By the peak in the range of 286.0-288.8eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The total content of the C element of determination can be more than 5 weight %, preferably more than 10 weight %.By in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The total content for the C element that peak in the range of 286.0-288.8eV determines can be below 80 weight %, preferably 60 weight % with Under, more preferably below 50 weight %, more preferably below 30 weight %.
In the present invention, by the area A of the C1s spectral peaks in x-ray photoelectron power spectrumC 1The total amount of C element is determined, by X ray C1s spectral peaks in photoelectron spectroscopy are divided into two groups of peaks, i.e., the spectral peak in the range of 284.7-284.9eV (corresponds to graphite mould carbon Species) and spectral peak (corresponding to non-graphite type carbon species) in the range of 286.0-288.8eV, will be in 284.7-284.9eV In the range of the area of spectral peak be designated as AC 2, the area of the spectral peak in the range of 286.0-288.8eV is designated as AC 3, by X ray light Content=the A for the C element that peak in electron spectrum in the range of 284.7-284.9eV determinesC 2/AC 1, by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum Total content=the A for the C element that peak in the range of middle 286.0-288.8eV determinesC 3/AC 1。
According to the formed body described in second aspect of the present invention, in the nano-carbon material, by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the C element that peak in the range of 288.6-288.8eV determines is IC c, by 286.0-286.2eV models in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the C element that peak in enclosing determines is IC e, IC c/IC eTypically in the range of 0.1-1.
When the content of N element is less than 0.1 weight % in the nano-carbon material, IC c/IC eIt is preferred that 0.1-0.9's In the range of, more preferably in the range of 0.3-0.9, further preferably in the range of 0.35-0.8, still more preferably exist In the range of 0.5-0.7.When the content of N element is more than 0.1 weight % in the nano-carbon material, IC c/IC eIt is preferred that In the range of 0.1-0.98, preferably in the range of 0.3-0.98, more preferably in the range of 0.45-0.6.
In the present invention, the spectral peak in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum in the range of 286.0-288.8eV (is corresponded into non-graphite Carbon species) be further divided into two groups of peaks, i.e., the spectral peak in the range of 286.0-286.2eV (corresponds to hydroxyl and ether type carbon thing Kind) and spectral peak (corresponding to carboxyl, acid anhydride and ester type carbon species) in the range of 288.6-288.8eV, will be in 286.0- The area of spectral peak in the range of 286.2eV is designated as AC 4, the area of the spectral peak in the range of 288.6-288.8eV is designated as AC 5, IC c/IC e=AC 5/AC 4。
According to the formed body described in second aspect of the present invention, when the nano-carbon material also contains N element, penetrated by X Photoelectron spectra determines that the total amount of the N element in the nano-carbon material is IN t, by 398.5- in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the N element that peak in the range of 400.1eV determines is IN c, IN c/IN tCan be in the range of 0.7-1, preferably in 0.8-0.95 In the range of.The N element content determined by the peak in the range of 400.6-401.5eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum is relatively low not even Contain.Usually, the amount of the N element determined by the peak in the range of 400.6-401.5eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum is IN g, IN g/ IN tFor not higher than 0.35, typically in the range of 0.05-0.2.
In the present invention, the total amount A of N element is determined by the area of the N1s spectral peaks in x-ray photoelectron power spectrumN 1, by X ray N1s spectral peaks in photoelectron spectroscopy are divided into two groups of peaks, i.e., the spectral peak in the range of 400.6-401.5eV (corresponds to graphite mould nitrogen Species) and 398.5-400.1eV in the range of spectral peak (nitrogen species in addition to graphite mould nitrogen), determine this respective face in two groups of peaks Product, A is designated as by the area of the spectral peak in the range of 400.6-401.5eVN 2, by the spectral peak in the range of 398.5-400.1eV Area is designated as AN 3, IN c/IN t=AN 3/AN 1, IN g/IN t=AN 2/AN 1, when obtained ratio is less than 0.01, it is believed that without such Species, and the content of such species is designated as 0.
In the present invention, the position at each peak can determine that as the combination corresponding to the summit at the peak, and scope determines by mentioned earlier The peak combination that refers to corresponding to summit can be within that range peak, a peak can be included within the range, can also be wrapped Include more than two peaks.Such as：Peak in the range of 398.5-400.1eV refers to that the combination corresponding to summit can be in 398.5- Whole peaks in the range of 400.1eV.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, the nano-carbon material can by it is common it is various in the form of exist, Be specifically as follows but be not limited to CNT, graphene, thin layer graphite, nano carbon particle, carbon nano-fiber, Nano diamond and Combination more than one or both of fullerene.The CNT can be single-walled carbon nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube and Combination more than one or both of multi-walled carbon nanotube.According to nano-carbon material formed body, the nano-carbon material is preferred For multi-walled carbon nanotube.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, the specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube is preferably 50- 500m2/ g, the catalytic performance of the formed body so can be further improved, especially as the catalyst of hydrocarbons dehydrogenation reaction Catalytic performance.The specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube is more preferably 80-300m2/ g, more preferably 100-250m2/ G, it is still more preferably 130-180m2/g.In the present invention, the specific surface area is determined by nitrogen adsorption BET method.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, the multi-walled carbon nanotube is in 400-800 DEG C of temperature range Weight-loss ratio be w800, the weight-loss ratio in 400-500 DEG C of temperature range is w500, w500/w800It is preferred that in 0.01-0.5 model In enclosing, more preferable catalytic effect can be so obtained, during catalyst particularly as hydrocarbons dehydrogenation reaction, can be obtained more Good catalytic effect.w500/w800More preferably in the range of 0.02-0.4, further preferably in the range of 0.05-0.15.This In invention, w800=W800- W400, w500=W500- W400, W400For the mass loss rate determined at a temperature of 400 DEG C, W800For The mass loss rate determined at a temperature of 800 DEG C, W500For the mass loss rate determined at a temperature of 500 DEG C；The weightlessness Rate is determined using thermogravimetric analyzer in air atmosphere, and test initial temperature is 25 DEG C, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min；Sample exists Depress in 150 DEG C of temperature and 1 normal atmosphere before test and dried 3 hours in helium atmosphere.
According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, in the nano-carbon material, its outside oxygen atom and nitrogen-atoms Its nonmetallic heteroatoms, such as sulphur atom and phosphorus atoms, its content can be customary amount.Usually, according to the nanometer of the present invention Carbon material formed body, in the nano-carbon material, other nonmetallic heteroatoms outside oxygen atom and nitrogen-atoms (such as sulphur atom and Phosphorus atoms) total amount can be below 0.5 weight %, preferably below 0.2 weight %, more preferably below 0.1 weight %, enter One step is preferably below 0.05 weight %.According to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, in the nano-carbon material, except selected from Outside aforesaid metal elements, other metallic atoms can also be contained, other metallic atoms for example can be to be received from preparation The catalyst used during rice carbon material.The content of other metallic atoms is generally below 2.5 weight %, preferably 2 weights Below % is measured, is still more preferably below 0.5 weight %, particularly preferably 0.2 weight more preferably below 1 weight % Measure below %.
According to the formed body described in second aspect of the present invention, also contain and be used for the nano-carbon material molding bonded Heat-resistant inorganic oxide.The species and its content of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide with it is heat-resisting described in one side of the invention The species and content of inorganic oxide are identical, are no longer described in detail herein.
Nano-carbon material formed body according to one side of the invention and second aspect can have as needed There is variously-shaped such as spherical, bar shaped.
There is nano-carbon material formed body according to one side of the invention and second aspect higher resisting to break Broken intensity.Usually, can be more than 4N/mm according to the radial direction crushing strength of the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention, typically For more than 5N/mm.Specifically, the footpath of the nano-carbon material formed body according to one side of the invention and second aspect It is 5-25N/mm, preferably 6-25N/mm, more preferably 10-25N/mm to crushing strength.In the present invention, radial direction crushing strength is pressed According to《Petrochemical Engineering Analysis method》In RIPP 25-90 described in (Science Press, the nineteen ninety first edition, Yang Cui are waited and compiled surely) Defined method measure.
Nano-carbon material formed body according to one side of the invention and second aspect has higher hole Rate.Usually, according to the present invention nano-carbon material formed body porosity can be more than 5%, it might even be possible to for 10% with On, such as can be in the range of 5-50%, preferably in the range of 10-30%, more preferably in the range of 12-25%.This In invention, porosity refers to all interstitial space volume sums and the body of the nano-carbon material formed body in nano-carbon material formed body Long-pending ratio, the porosity of the nano-carbon material formed body is referred to as, is expressed as a percentage, using mercury injection method (with reference to text Offer《Graphite porosity of porous material study on determination method》,《Lubrication and sealing》, 2010,35 (10)：99-101) method determines.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, should the invention provides a kind of preparation method of nano-carbon material formed body Method include nano-carbon material is mixed with binding agent source, obtained mixture is molded, obtains article shaped, by it is described into Type thing is dried and is optionally calcined.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, the binding agent source are selected from heat-resistant inorganic oxide and/or resistance to The precursor of hot inorganic oxide.The heat-resistant inorganic oxide be preferably one kind in aluminum oxide, silica and titanium oxide or It is two or more.In an example, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is aluminum oxide, according to the nano-carbon material formed body of the example Higher feed stock conversion can be obtained.
In a preferred embodiment, at least part heat-resistant inorganic oxide is silica, according to the preferable reality Nano-carbon material formed body prepared by the mode of applying can select in the catalyst as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction in feed stock conversion and product Preferably balance is obtained between selecting property.In the preferred embodiment, on the basis of the total amount of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide, The content of the silica can be 10-100 weight %, more preferably preferably 20-99 weight %, 50-99 weight %, deoxygenation The content of heat-resistant inorganic oxide outside SiClx can be 0-90 weight %, preferably 1-80 weight %, more preferably 1-50 Weight %.In the preferred embodiment, the instantiation of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide outside silicon can include but It is not limited to aluminum oxide and/or titanium oxide.As an example of the preferred embodiment, the heat resistant inorganic outside silicon Oxide is titanium oxide.
The heat-resistant inorganic oxide can by it is common it is various in the form of provide, such as (such as Ludox, titanium is molten with colloidal sol Glue, Alumina gel) form provide.The precursor of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be according to expected heat-resistant inorganic oxide Species is selected.
For example, when the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is aluminum oxide, the precursor of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be The material of aluminum oxide can be transformed into, the material of aluminum oxide can be such as formed by hydrolysis-condensation reaction and/or roasting, for example, it is organic Aluminium salt and inorganic aluminate, its instantiation can include but is not limited to hydrated alumina (such as boehmite), aluminium hydroxide, sulphur Sour aluminium, sodium metaaluminate, aluminium chloride, aluminum nitrate and C1-C10Organic aluminium salt (such as aluminium isopropoxide, isobutanol aluminum, three isopropoxies Aluminium, three tert-butoxy aluminium and isooctanol aluminium) one or both of more than.
For another example when the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is silica, the precursor of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be with For the material of silica can be transformed into, the material of silica can be such as formed by hydrolysis-condensation reaction and/or roasting, its is specific Example can include but is not limited to the organo-silicon compound that hydrolysis-condensation reaction can occur.It is described that hydrolysis-condensation reaction can occur Organo-silicon compound can be the common various materials that silica can be formed by hydrolysis-condensation reaction.As an example, The organo-silicon compound that hydrolysis-condensation reaction can occur can be more than one or both of compound shown in formula IV：
In formula IV, R13、R14、R15And R16Respectively C1-C4Alkyl.The C1-C4Alkyl include C1-C4Straight chain alkane Base and C3-C4Branched alkyl, its instantiation can include but is not limited to：Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, normal-butyl, Sec-butyl, isobutyl group and the tert-butyl group.Preferably, organic silicon source is selected from methyl silicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate, positive silicic acid positive third Ester, positive isopropyl silicate and positive silicic acid N-butyl.
In another example when the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is titanium oxide, the precursor of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be with For organic titanate and/or inorganic titanium salt, its instantiation can include but is not limited to TiCl4、Ti(SO4)2、TiOCl2, hydrogen-oxygen Change titanium, nitric acid titanium salt, phosphoric acid titanium salt, fatty alcohol titanium and organic titanate (such as tetraisopropyl titanate, the n-propyl of metatitanic acid four, metatitanic acid One or more in four butyl esters and tetraethyl titanate) in one or more.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, in one embodiment, the binding agent source are selected from heat-resisting Inorganic oxide, such as the heat-resistant inorganic oxide provided with solation.In this embodiment, by nano-carbon material with gluing It is molded after knot agent source is well mixed.In another embodiment, at least part binding agent source is heat resistant inorganic oxygen The precursor of compound.In this embodiment, after nano-carbon material is mixed with binding agent source, entered according to the species in binding agent source Row processing, is transformed into heat-resistant inorganic oxide by the precursor of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide in binding agent source.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, the mixture preferably also contain at least one alkali, such energy Further improve catalytic activity of the nano-carbon material formed body finally prepared in the catalyst as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction.It is described Alkali can be organic base and/or inorganic base.The inorganic base can be that ammonia, the alkali that cation is alkali metal and cation are alkaline earth It is more than one or both of alkali of metal.The organic base can be one or both of urea, amine, hydramine and quaternary ammonium base More than.The organic base can be selected from the organic base described in one side of the invention, no longer be described in detail herein.
Preferably, the alkali is organic base, so can further improve the nano-carbon material formed body conduct finally prepared The catalytic activity of the catalyst of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction.It is highly preferred that the alkali is synthesis of titanium silicon molecular sieve template, such as Formulas I institute The quaternary ammonium base shown, the nano-carbon material formed body thus prepared have higher crushing strength, and anti-as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation The catalytic activity further improved is shown during the catalyst answered.
The dosage of the alkali can be selected according to the dosage in binding agent source.Usually, the alkali and the binding agent The mol ratio in source can be 0.1-10：1, preferably 0.15-5：1, the binding agent source is in terms of oxide.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, various decentralized media can be used by nano-carbon material and bonding Agent source and optional alkali are well mixed.Preferably, the decentralized medium is water.The dosage of the decentralized medium is with can be by nanometer Carbon material, binding agent source and optional alkali are well mixed to be defined.As an example, when the decentralized medium is water, water Mol ratio with the binding agent source can be 5-200：1, preferably 10-150：1, the binding agent source is in terms of oxide.
The present inventor has found that molecular sieve preparation solution generally contains caused by molecular sieve preparation process in research process There are the required binding agent source of the present invention and alkali, while also contain water, above-mentioned molecular sieve preparation solution is mixed with nano-carbon material One of water, binding agent source and alkali, both or three are alternatively supplemented afterwards, nano-carbon material can not only be molded, and are made Standby nano-carbon material also shows higher crushing strength, while still shows preferable catalytic activity, also real in addition Recycling of the system with molecular sieve for preparing for process waste is showed.
The molecular sieve preparation solution can be the common various required binding agent sources of the present invention and optional of providing The molecular sieve preparation solution of alkali.Preferably, the molecular sieve preparation solution is the crystallization mother liquor and siliceous molecular sieve of siliceous molecular sieve Reset mixed liquor more than one or both of modified mother liquor.The siliceous molecular sieve can be silica zeolite, containing miscellaneous original It is more than one or both of sub- si molecular sieves (such as HTS) and Si-Al molecular sieve.The crystallization mother liquor refers to passing through When hydrothermal crystallizing prepares molecular sieve, the mixture obtained to hydrothermal crystallizing carries out the liquid that separation of solid and liquid obtains, i.e., brilliant from hydro-thermal Change and the liquid mixture remained after the molecular sieve to be formed is isolated in obtained mixture, also referred to as synthesis mother liquid, filtering waste liquid Or filter raw liquid.The rearrangement modified mother liquor refers to when preparing modified molecular screen by hydrothermal modification rearrangement, to hydrothermal modification The mixture obtained after rearrangement carries out the liquid that separation of solid and liquid obtains, i.e., is isolated in the mixture for resetting to obtain from hydrothermal modification The liquid mixture remained after molecular sieve, mother liquor, modified mother liquor are also referred to as reset, filtering waste liquid, modified filtering waste liquid is reset, changes Property filter raw liquid or reset filter raw liquid.The crystallization mother liquor and rearrangement solution can be mixed directly with nano-carbon material, according to need It can also be concentrated or be mixed after being diluted with nano-carbon material, so that the dosage in binding agent source, alkali and water can be caused It can meet to require, proportion requirement as previously described is defined.
It is highly preferred that the siliceous molecular sieve preparation solution is the crystallization mother liquor (crystallization of such as silica zeolite of si molecular sieves Mother liquor), crystallization mother liquor (crystallization mother liquor of such as HTS), the crystallization mother liquor of Si-Al molecular sieve of the si molecular sieves containing hetero atom One or both of with the modification rearrangement solution (rearrangement solution of such as silica zeolite and HTS) of above-mentioned siliceous molecular sieve Mixed liquor above.
The concrete composition of the crystallization mother liquor and rearrangement solution is not particularly limited, as long as binding agent source and optional can be provided Alkali.As an example, in the crystallization mother liquor of siliceous molecular sieve, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is generally 0.05-10 weight %, preferably 0.1-5 weight %, more preferably 1-4 weight %；The content of alkali is generally 0.05-15 weights Measure %, more preferably preferably 0.1-15 weight %, 1.5-14 weight %.As another example, the rearrangement of HTS In liquid, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is generally 0.01-10 weight %, preferably 0.02-5 weight %, more preferably 0.5-2 weight %；With TiO2The content of the titanium elements of meter is generally 0.0001-0.2 weight %, preferably 0.001-0.1 weights Measure %, more preferably 0.01-0.08 weight %；The content of alkali is generally 0.01-10 weight %, preferably 0.05-5 weight %, More preferably 1-4 weight %.As there is an example, in the crystallization mother liquor of Si-Al molecular sieve, with SiO2The element silicon of meter contains Amount is generally 0.05-10 weight %, more preferably preferably 0.1-8 weight %, 1-4 weight %；With Al2O3The aluminium element of meter Content is generally 0.01-5 weight %, preferably 0.05-2 weight %, more preferably 0.1-0.5 weight %, and the content of alkali is general For 0.05-15 weight %, preferably 0.1-14 weight %, more preferably 8-13 weight %.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, by the mixture Before being molded, the mixture is subjected to hydro-thermal process (that is, mixture hydro-thermal process obtained is molded), such energy Further improve catalytic activity during catalyst of the nano-carbon material formed body finally prepared as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction.It is excellent at this In the embodiment of choosing, nano-carbon material, binding agent source and optional alkali can be dispersed in water, aqueous dispersions are carried out Hydro-thermal process.
In the preferred embodiment, the condition of hydro-thermal process is not particularly limited, as long as enter in closed environment Row high-temperature process.Specifically, the temperature of the hydro-thermal process can be 100-200 DEG C, preferably 120-180 DEG C.It is described The time of hydro-thermal process can be selected according to the temperature for carrying out hydro-thermal process, typically can be 0.5-24 hours, be preferably 6-12 hours.The hydro-thermal process can carry out (that is, in hydrothermal treatment process, not applying pressure additionally at autogenous pressures Power), it can also be carried out under conditions of pressure is additionally applied.Preferably, the hydro-thermal process is carried out at autogenous pressures.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, the dosage in binding agent source can be according to expected nano-carbon material The content of binding agent is selected in formed body.Usually, the dosage in the binding agent source causes in the formed body that finally prepares, The content of nano-carbon material can be more than 5 weight % (such as more than 6 weight %), preferably more than 10 weight %, more preferably More than 50 weight %, it is still more preferably more than 70 weight %, still more preferably more preferably more than 60 weight % For more than 75 weight %, particularly preferably more than 80 weight %, the content of the nano-carbon material is generally below 95 weight %, Preferably below 94 weight %, more preferably below 90 weight %.In an example, with the nano-carbon material formed body On the basis of total amount, the content of the nano-carbon material can be 5-95 weight %, preferably 6-94 weight %, more preferably 8-92 Weight %, more preferably 10-90 weight %, it is still more preferably 20-90 weight %, particularly preferably 40-90 weight % is measured, particularly preferably 70-90 weight %, the content of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide can be 5-95 weight %, be preferably 6-94 weight %, more preferably 8-92 weight %, more preferably 10-90 weight %, it is still more preferably 10-80 weights %, particularly preferably 10-60 weight % are measured, particularly preferably 10-30 weight %.When carrying out hydro-thermal process before the forming, i.e., Make under relatively low binder content, can also obtain higher intensity.Usually, when carrying out hydro-thermal process before the forming, with institute On the basis of the total amount for stating formed body, the content of the nano-carbon material is preferably 75-95 weight %, and more preferably 80-95 is heavy % is measured, the content of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is preferably 5-25 weight %, more preferably 5-20 weight %.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, conventional method can be used to contain nano-carbon material and bonding The mixture in agent source is molded, and obtains article shaped., can be by way of mediating and/or extruding by institute as an example State mixture shaping.The article shaped can have common variously-shaped such as spherical, bar shaped.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, the article shaped can be dried under normal conditions, To remove the volatile materials in the article shaped.Usually, the drying can be carried out at a temperature of 50-200 DEG C, preferably Carry out at a temperature of 80-180 DEG C, carried out more preferably at a temperature of 120-180 DEG C.The duration of the drying can root Selected according to dry temperature, typically can be preferably 3-24 hours, more preferably 5-15 hours no more than 48 hours.
It is able to can also be calcined without roasting through dry article shaped.The present invention does not have for the condition of roasting yet It is particularly limited to, can carries out under normal conditions.Usually, the roasting can 300-800 DEG C, preferably not higher than Carried out at a temperature of 650 DEG C.The roasting can be carried out in oxygen-containing atmosphere (such as air, oxygen), can also be non-oxygenous Carried out in atmosphere (such as nitrogen, group 0 element gas).When the roasting is carried out in oxygen-containing atmosphere, the roasting is preferably in 300- Carry out at a temperature of 500 DEG C, more preferably carried out at a temperature of not higher than 450 DEG C.Enter in the roasting in non-oxygen-containing atmosphere During row, the roasting is more preferably carried out preferably at 400-800 DEG C at a temperature of the temperature not higher than 750 DEG C.The roasting Duration can be 1-12 hours, preferably 2-4 hours.
Method according to third aspect of the present invention, the nano-carbon material in various sources can be handled, can Think not surface treated nano-carbon material, or surface treated nano-carbon material.In the present invention, penetrated using X Photoelectron Spectroscopy detects to the surface of nano-carbon material, if removing C in nano-carbon material surface-element after testing The total content of element outside element is below 2 weight %, then the nano-carbon material is considered as into not surface treated nano carbon material Material, conversely, the nano-carbon material then is considered as into surface treated nano-carbon material.
In one embodiment, the nano-carbon material is not surface treated nano-carbon material.In the embodiment party In formula, before the mixture is molded, the mixture is preferably subjected to hydro-thermal process in closed container, so not It is only capable of significantly improving the intensity of the formed body finally prepared, and the catalytic performance of the formed body finally prepared can be obviously improved. It is highly preferred that the binding agent source and optional alkali source come from molecular sieve preparation solution, by receiving for non-modified surface treatment Rice carbon material carries out hydro-thermal process in molecular sieve preparation solution can further improve the formed body finally prepared in hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction In catalytic performance.In this embodiment, the nano-carbon material can by it is common it is various in the form of exist, be specifically as follows But it is not limited in CNT, graphene, thin layer graphite, nano carbon particle, carbon nano-fiber, Nano diamond and fullerene One or more kinds of combinations.The CNT can be single-walled carbon nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube and multi-wall carbon nano-tube Combination more than one or both of pipe, preferably multi-walled carbon nanotube.The specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube can be with For 50-500m2/ g, preferably 80-300m2/ g, more preferably 90-250m2/g.The multi-walled carbon nanotube is at 400-800 DEG C Weight-loss ratio in temperature range is w800, the weight-loss ratio in 400-500 DEG C of temperature range is w500, w500/w800It is preferred that In the range of 0.01-0.5.As an example, described without surface treating nano carbon material can be second side of the invention Raw material nano carbon material in formed body described in face.
In another embodiment, the nano-carbon material is surface treated nano-carbon material, by X ray photoelectricity Sub- power spectrum determines that the surface treated nano-carbon material contains O elements and optional N element.
Specifically, the surface treated nano-carbon material can be in the present invention one side formed body Nano-carbon material in second aspect formed body of nano-carbon material and/or the present invention.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method system as described in third aspect of the present invention Standby nano-carbon material formed body.
Nano-carbon material formed body according to the 4th aspect of the present invention has higher crushing strength.Typically Ground, the radial direction crushing strength according to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention can be more than 4N/mm, generally more than 5N/mm. Specifically, the radial direction crushing strength of the nano-carbon material formed body according to one side of the invention and second aspect is 5-25N/mm, preferably 6-25N/mm, more preferably 10-25N/mm.According to the nano carbon material described in the 4th aspect of the present invention Material formed body has higher porosity.Usually, the nano-carbon material formed body according to the 4th aspect of the present invention Porosity can be more than 5%, it might even be possible to it is more than 10%, such as can be in the range of 5-50%, preferably in 10-30% In the range of, more preferably in the range of 12-25%.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the invention provides according to the present invention the on one side, second aspect or Application of the nano-carbon material formed body as the catalyst of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction described in the 4th aspect of person.The dehydrogenation reaction can To carry out in the presence of oxygen, can not also carry out in the presence of oxygen.Preferably, the dehydrogenation reaction is entered in the presence of oxygen OK, more preferable catalytic effect can so be obtained.The species of the hydrocarbon and the actual conditions of dehydrogenation reaction will be carried out in detail below Describe in detail bright, be no longer described in detail herein.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method, this method, which is included in, deposits Under conditions of oxygen, under hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction conditions, by hydrocarbon with the present invention the on one side, second aspect or Nano-carbon material formed body contact described in the 4th aspect of person.Can directly it be made according to the nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention Use for catalyst, used after can also crushing according to specific needs as catalyst.
Dehydrogenation can be carried out to polytype hydrocarbon according to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, so as to obtain unsaturation Hydrocarbon, such as alkene.The method according to the invention to alkane particularly suitable for carrying out dehydrogenation, so as to obtain alkene.The hydrocarbon is preferably alkane Hydrocarbon, such as C2-C12Alkane.Specifically, the hydrocarbon can be but be not limited to ethane, propane, normal butane, iso-butane, pentane, different Pentane, neopentane, pentamethylene, n-hexane, 2- methylpentanes, 3- methylpentanes, 2,3- dimethylbutanes, hexamethylene, methyl ring Pentane, normal heptane, 2- methyl hexanes, 3- methyl hexanes, 2- ethylpentanes, 3- ethylpentanes, 2,3- dimethyl pentanes, 2,4- bis- Methylpentane, normal octane, 2- methyl heptanes, 3- methyl heptanes, 4- methyl heptanes, 2,3- dimethylhexanes, 2,4- dimethyl oneself Alkane, 2,5- dimethylhexanes, 3- ethyl hexanes, 2,2,3- trimethylpentanes, 2,3,3- trimethylpentanes, 2,4,4- trimethyls penta Alkane, 2- methyl -3- ethylpentanes, n -nonane, 2- methyloctanes, 3- methyloctanes, 4- methyloctanes, 2,3- dimethyl heptanes, 2,4- dimethyl heptanes, 3- ethyl heptanes, 4- ethyl heptanes, 2,3,4- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2,3,5- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2,4,5- Trimethyl cyclohexane, 2,2,3- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2,2,4- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2,2,5- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2,3,3- trimethyls oneself Alkane, 2,4,4- trimethyl cyclohexanes, 2- methyl -3- ethyl hexanes, 2- methyl -4- ethyl hexanes, 3- methyl -3- ethyl hexanes, 3- Methyl -4- ethyl hexanes, 3,3- diethylpentanes, 1- methyl -2- ethyl cyclohexanes, 1- methyl -3- ethyl cyclohexanes, 1- first (including trimethyl-cyclohexane is various for base -4- ethyl cyclohexanes, n-propyl hexamethylene, isopropyl cyclohexane, trimethyl-cyclohexane Isomers, such as 1,2,3- trimethyl-cyclohexanes, 1,2,4- trimethyl-cyclohexanes, 1,2,5- trimethyl-cyclohexanes, 1,3,5- front threes Butylcyclohexane), n-decane, 2- methylnonanes, 3- methylnonanes, 4- methylnonanes, 5- methylnonanes, 2,3- dimethyl octane, 2,4- dimethyl octane, 3- ethyls octane, 4- ethyls octane, 2,3,4- trimethylheptanes, 2,3,5- trimethylheptanes, 2,3,6- Trimethylheptane, 2,4,5- trimethylheptanes, 2,4,6- trimethylheptanes, 2,2,3- trimethylheptanes, 2,2,4- trimethyls heptan Alkane, 2,2,5- trimethylheptanes, 2,2,6- trimethylheptanes, 2,3,3- trimethylheptanes, 2,4,4- trimethylheptanes, 2- first Base -3- ethyl heptanes, 2- methyl -4- ethyl heptanes, 2- methyl -5- ethyl heptanes, 3- methyl -3- ethyl heptanes, 4- methyl -3- Ethyl heptane, 5- methyl -3- ethyl heptanes, 4- methyl -4- ethyl heptanes, 4- propyl group heptane, 3,3- diethylhexanes, 3,4- bis- Ethyl hexane, 2- methyl -3,3- diethylpentanes, vinylbenzene, 1- phenyl-propanes, 2- phenyl-propanes, 1- phenyl butanes, 2- phenyl Combination more than one or both of butane, 1- phenyl pentanes, 2- phenyl pentanes and 3- phenyl pentanes.
The hydrocarbon is more preferably more than one or both of propane, normal butane, iso-butane and vinylbenzene, further preferably For normal butane.
According to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, the reaction can be carried out under conditions of it oxygen be present, can also Carried out under conditions of in the absence of oxygen.It is preferred that carried out under conditions of it oxygen be present.When being carried out under conditions of oxygen being present, The dosage of oxygen can be conventional selection.Usually, the mol ratio of hydrocarbon and oxygen can be 0.01-100：1, preferably 0.1- 10：1, more preferably 0.2-5：1, most preferably 0.5-2：1.
According to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, can by carrier gas by hydrocarbon and optional oxygen be sent into reactor with The haptoreaction of nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.The carrier gas can be it is conventional at reaction conditions will not be with reactant and reaction Chemical interaction and the gas that will not be decomposed occur for product, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, rare gas and vapor One or both of more than combination.The dosage of the carrier gas can be conventional selection.Usually, the content of carrier gas can be with 30-99.5 volume %, preferably 50-99 volumes %, more preferably 70-98 volumes %.
According to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, the temperature of the contact can be conventional selection, to be enough to send out hydrocarbon Raw dehydrogenation reaction is defined.Usually, the contact can be carried out at a temperature of 200-650 DEG C, preferably in 300-600 DEG C of temperature Degree is lower to be carried out, and is carried out more preferably at a temperature of 350-550 DEG C, further preferably in 400-450 DEG C of temperature when such as hydrocarbon being butane Degree is lower to be carried out.
According to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, the contact is carried out preferably in fixed bed reactors.
According to the hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method of the present invention, the duration of the contact can be selected according to the temperature of contact Select, when such as described contact is carried out in fixed bed reactors, the duration of contact can be represented with the weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV) of charging. Usually, the weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV) of feed gas can be 1-50000h-1, preferably 10-20000h-1, more preferably 50-10000h-1, more preferably 100-8000h-1, such as 2000-4000h-1。
Describe the present invention in detail with reference to embodiments, but and be not so limited the scope of the present invention.
In following preparation example, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis are in Thermo Scientific companies equipped with Thermo Tested on the ESCALab250 type x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies of Avantage V5.926 softwares, excitaton source is monochromatization Al K α X ray, energy 1486.6eV, power 150W, the penetrating base vacuum that can be 30eV, analyze during test used in narrow scan For 6.5 × 10-10Mbar, C1s peaks (284.0eV) correction of electron binding energy simple substance carbon, in Thermo Avantage softwares Upper carry out data processing, quantitative analysis is carried out using sensitivity factor method in analysis module.Sample is before testing at 150 DEG C Temperature and 1 normal atmosphere are depressed to be dried 3 hours in helium atmosphere.
In following preparation example, thermogravimetric analysis is carried out on TA5000 thermal analyzers, and test condition is air atmosphere, heating speed It is room temperature (25 DEG C) to 1000 DEG C to spend for 10 DEG C/min, temperature range.Sample is big in 150 DEG C of temperature and 1 standard before testing Dried 3 hours in helium atmosphere under air pressure.Using the ASAP2000 types N of Micromertrics companies of the U.S.2Physical adsorption appearance Measurement the specific area.
The property of multi-walled carbon nanotube in following preparation example as raw material nano carbon material is listed in table 1 below.
Table 1
In following examples and comparative example, the content of silicon, titanium and aluminium element in crystallization mother liquor and rearrangement solution and alkali Content is using Perkin-Elmer 3300DV types sensing coupled plasma (ICP) spectroanalysis instrument measure.
In following examples and comparative example, radial direction crushing strength according to《Petrochemical Engineering Analysis method》(Science Press, The nineteen ninety first edition, Yang Cui surely wait compile) described in RIPP 25-90 specified in method measure；Porosity refers to nano-carbon material The ratio of all interstitial space volume sums and the volume of the nano-carbon material formed body, is referred to as the nanometer in formed body The porosity of carbon material formed body, is expressed as a percentage, using mercury injection method (reference literature《Graphite porosity of porous material determines Technique study》,《Lubrication and sealing》, 2010,35 (10)：99-101) method determines.
Preparation example 1-23 is used to prepare nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.
Preparation example 1
(1) (it is purchased from Chinese Academy of Sciences's Chengdu organic chemistry using 20g as the multi-walled carbon nanotube A of raw material nano carbon material Co., Ltd) it is dispersed in 300g deionized waters, so as to obtain aqueous dispersions, wherein, it is dispersed under the conditions of sonic oscillation and carries out, Sonic oscillation condition includes：Frequency is 40kHz, and the time is 2 hours.
(2) obtained aqueous dispersions are placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, in 140 DEG C of temperature Under, react 48 hours at autogenous pressures.After reaction terminates, after the temperature in autoclave is down to room temperature, reaction is opened Kettle, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collect solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into, in normal pressure, (1 standard is big Air pressure, similarly hereinafter), after drying 12 hours at a temperature of 120 DEG C, obtain nano-carbon material containing hetero atom, its composition, specific surface area with And w500/w800Listed in table 2.
Preparation example 2
It is equipped with being placed in the identical aqueous dispersions of preparation example 1 in the three-necked flask of condenser pipe, three-necked flask is placed in temperature Spend in the oil bath for 140 DEG C, at ambient pressure back flow reaction 48 hours.After reaction terminates, treat that the temperature in three-necked flask is down to room Wen Hou, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collect solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into normal pressure, 120 DEG C At a temperature of dry 6 hours after, obtain nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.
Preparation example 3
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 1, unlike, in step (1), as Raw material nano carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube B.
Preparation example 4
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 1, unlike, in step (2), will To aqueous dispersions be placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, at a temperature of 90 DEG C, at autogenous pressures Reaction 48 hours.
Preparation example 5
(1) (it is purchased from Chinese Academy of Sciences's Chengdu organic chemistry using 20g as the multi-walled carbon nanotube C of raw material nano carbon material Co., Ltd) it is dispersed in 500g deionized waters, so as to obtain aqueous dispersions, wherein, it is dispersed under the conditions of sonic oscillation and carries out, Sonic oscillation condition includes：Frequency is 80kHz, and the time is 0.5 hour.
(2) obtained aqueous dispersions are placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, in 180 DEG C of temperature Under, react 24 hours at autogenous pressures.After reaction terminates, after the temperature in autoclave is down to room temperature, reaction is opened Kettle, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collect solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into normal pressure, 120 DEG C At a temperature of dry 12 hours after, obtain nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.
Preparation example 6
It is equipped with being placed in the identical aqueous dispersions of preparation example 5 in the three-necked flask of condenser pipe, three-necked flask is placed in temperature Spend in the oil bath for 100 DEG C, at ambient pressure back flow reaction 24 hours.After reaction terminates, treat that the temperature in three-necked flask is down to room Wen Hou, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collect solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into normal pressure, 120 DEG C At a temperature of dry 6 hours after, obtain nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.
Preparation example 7
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 5, unlike, in step (1), as Raw material nano carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube D.
Preparation example 8
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 5, unlike, in step (2), will To aqueous dispersions be placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, at a temperature of 210 DEG C, at autogenous pressures Reaction 24 hours.
Preparation example 9
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 1, unlike, in step (1), by original After expecting that nano-carbon material disperses in deionized water, add TPAOH and (carried in the form of the 25 weight % aqueous solution For), wherein, by raw material nano carbon material：The weight ratio of TPAOH is 1：0.75 ratio feeds intake.
Preparation example 10
It is equipped with the three-necked flask of condenser pipe, will be placed in being placed in the identical aqueous dispersions of preparation example 9 in three-necked flask Temperature is in 140 DEG C of oil bath, at ambient pressure back flow reaction 48 hours.After reaction terminates, treat that the temperature in three-necked flask is down to After room temperature, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collects solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into normal pressure, 120 After being dried 6 hours at a temperature of DEG C, nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is obtained.
Preparation example 11
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), 4 third Base ammonium hydroxide is replaced with the n-propylamine of equimolar amounts.
Preparation example 12
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), 4 third Base ammonium hydroxide is replaced with the pyridine of equimolar amounts.
Preparation example 13
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), 4 third Base ammonium hydroxide is replaced with the cyclohexylamine of equimolar amounts.
Preparation example 14
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), 4 third Base ammonium hydroxide is replaced with the diethanol amine of equimolar amounts.
Preparation example 15
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), 4 third Base ammonium hydroxide is replaced with diethylenetriamine, and the molal quantity of diethylenetriamine is 0.3 times of the molal quantity of TPAOH.
Preparation example 16
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), raw material Nano-carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube B.
Preparation example 17
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (2), will To aqueous dispersions be placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, at a temperature of 80 DEG C, at autogenous pressures Reaction 48 hours.
Preparation example 18
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 9, unlike, in step (1), by original Expect nano-carbon material：The weight ratio of TPAOH is 1：0.4 ratio feeds intake.
Preparation example 19
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 5, unlike, in step (1), by original After expecting that nano-carbon material disperses in deionized water, in the form of adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (by 20 weight % aqueous dispersions) There is provided, so as to obtain aqueous dispersions, wherein, by raw material nano carbon material：The weight ratio of tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide is 1：5 ratio Feed intake.
Preparation example 20
It is equipped with being placed in the identical aqueous dispersions of preparation example 19 in the three-necked flask of condenser pipe, three-necked flask is placed in temperature Spend in the oil bath for 180 DEG C, at ambient pressure back flow reaction 24 hours.After reaction terminates, treat that the temperature in three-necked flask is down to room Wen Hou, reactant mixture is filtered and washed, and collect solid matter.By the solid matter being collected into normal pressure, 120 DEG C At a temperature of dry 6 hours after, obtain nano-carbon material containing hetero atom.
Preparation example 21
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 19, unlike, it is former in step (1) Expect that nano-carbon material is multi-walled carbon nanotube D.
Preparation example 22
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 19, unlike, will in step (2) Obtained aqueous dispersions are placed in the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, at a temperature of 200 DEG C, in self-generated pressure Lower reaction 48 hours.
Preparation example 23
Nano-carbon material containing hetero atom is prepared using with the identical method of preparation example 19, unlike, in step (1), press Raw material nano carbon material：The weight ratio of tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide is 1：8 ratio feeds intake.
Embodiment 1-82 is used to illustrate according to nano-carbon material formed body of the present invention and preparation method thereof.
It is related to following binding agent source in embodiment 1-82.
Ludox：Purchased from Zhejiang Province Yuda Chemical Co., Ltd, dioxide-containing silica is 25 weight %
Tetraethyl orthosilicate：Purchased from Zhangjiagang new Asia Chemical Co., Ltd. (numbering TES)
Alumina gel：Purchased from Shandong, Chile reaches chemical inc, and alumina content is 12 weight %
Aluminium isopropoxide：Purchased from Beijing Deco Dao Jin Science and Technology Ltd.s (numbering IPOA)
Titanium oxide：Purchased from Shandong Origine Nanomaterial Engineering Co., Ltd., particle diameter 5-10nm
Tetraethyl titanate：Purchased from Jin Yu chemical industry Co., Ltd of Shouguang City (numbering TET)
(1) crystallization mother liquor of HTS
Method according to US4410501 embodiments 1 prepares titanium-silicon molecular sieve TS-1, and collects crystallization mother liquor.Concrete operations Process is：
455g tetraethyl orthosilicates are placed in equipped with agitating device and for without CO2In the reactor of atmosphere, Ran Houxian The TPAOH aqueous solution of 15g tetraethyl titanates and 800g concentration for 25 weight % is added afterwards., will after stirring 1 hour Temperature is increased to 80~90 DEG C, continues stirring 5 hours.Then deionized water is added into reaction solution, until the totality of reaction solution Product is 1.5L.Then, reaction solution is transferred to and be equipped with the autoclave of agitating device, the hydro-thermal under 175 DEG C, self-generated pressure After crystallization 10 days, obtained reactant mixture is filtered, crystallization mother liquor is collected, by the solid being filtrated to get in 550 DEG C of air gas It is calcined 6 hours in atmosphere, so as to obtain titanium-silicon molecular sieve TS-1.
After testing, on the basis of the total amount of crystallization mother liquor, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 1.2 weight %, with TiO2 The content of the titanium elements of meter is 0.04 weight %, and the content of TPAOH is 3.1 weight %.The crystallization mother liquor is concentrated (concentrate numbering be TS-A) on the basis of the total amount of crystallization mother liquor, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 2.4 weight %, With TiO2The content of the titanium elements of meter is 0.08 weight %, and the content of TPAOH is 6.2 weight %.
(2) crystallization mother liquor of HTS
Method according to US4410501 embodiments 2 prepares titanium-silicon molecular sieve TS-1, and collects crystallization mother liquor.Concrete operations Process is：
150g tetraethyl titanates are slowly added dropwise in 2.5L distilled water and hydrolyzed under agitation, obtain a white gum Suspension, this suspension is then cooled to 5 DEG C；Then it is 30% by the 1.8L mass concentrations for having cooled to 5 DEG C in advance Aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution is incorporated in wherein, and is kept for 2 hours at 5 DEG C under conditions of intermittent stirring, and it is molten to obtain an orange clarification Liquid；Then the TPAOH aqueous solution that the 2.4L mass concentrations for having cooled to 5 DEG C in advance are 25% is added to orange In settled solution, after 1 hour, 500g SiO are added2The Ludox that content is 40% carefully mixes, and obtained mixture is in normal temperature Left overnight；Most after 70-80 DEG C of heating stirring 6 hours.Obtained mixture is transferred to the high pressure for being equipped with agitating device In reactor, hydrothermal crystallizing filtered obtained reactant mixture after 10 days under 175 DEG C, self-generated pressure, collected crystallization mother liquor (numbering TS-B), the solid phase being filtrated to get is calcined 6 hours in 550 DEG C of air atmospheres, confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis, Obtain titanium-silicon molecular sieve TS-1.
After testing, on the basis of the total amount of crystallization mother liquor, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 2.8 weight %, with TiO2 The content of the titanium elements of meter is 0.04 weight %, and the content of TPAOH is 1.6 weight %.
(3) crystallization mother liquor of HTS
According to J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun., the method described in 1992,589-590 prepares HTS Ti-Beta, crystallization mother liquor is collected during separation of solid and liquid.Specifically preparation process is：
At room temperature, tetraethyl titanate and amorphous silica gel Aerosil 200 are added to tetraethyl hydrogen-oxygen under agitation Change in ammonium (TEAOH) aqueous solution, then add appropriate aluminum nitrate, the glue mole composition now formed is A12O3：TiO2： SiO2：H2O：TEAOH=1：12：388：6000：108, the glue of formation is transferred to the autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining Middle carry out dynamic crystallization, crystallization temperature are 130 DEG C, mixing speed 60rpm, crystallization time 3d.After cooling, consolidate what is obtained Liquid mixture is centrifuged, and obtains solid and crystallization mother liquor (numbering TS-C).The solid isolated is washed with water to pH=9 Left and right, 80 DEG C of dry 5h, the lower 580 DEG C of roastings 5h of air atmosphere, so as to obtain HTS Ti-Beta.
After testing, on the basis of the total amount of crystallization mother liquor, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 3.4 weight %, with TiO2 The content of the titanium elements of meter is 0.3 weight %, and the content of tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide is 13.1 weight %.
(4) rearrangement solution of HTS
Method according to the embodiment 9 of China's application 99126289.1 obtains the rearrangement solution of HTS, specific to prepare Process is：
According to TS-1 molecular sieves (gram)：Tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (mole)：Water (mole)=100：0.25：60 ratio is mixed Close uniformly, mixture is placed in stainless steel sealing reactor, constant temperature is placed 3 days under 175 DEG C and self-generated pressure.Cool down release Afterwards, filtered, gained filtrate is the rearrangement solution of HTS.
After testing, on the basis of the total amount of rearrangement solution, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 1.1 weight %, with TiO2Meter The contents of titanium elements be 0.02 weight %, the content of TPAOH is 3.6 weight %.Rearrangement solution is concentrated into (concentration Liquid numbering is TS-D) extremely on the basis of the total amount of rearrangement solution, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 2.2 weight %, with TiO2Meter The contents of titanium elements be 0.04 weight %, the content of TPAOH is 7.3 weight %.
(5) crystallization mother liquor of Si-Al molecular sieve
With reference to the method for US4410501 embodiments 1 sial is prepared using silicon source aluminium isopropoxide replacement titanium source tetraethyl titanate Molecular sieve, and collect crystallization mother liquor.Specific operation process is：
Without CO2Atmosphere under, 455g tetraethyl orthosilicates are positioned in heatproof glass container, with stirring add 15g Aluminium isopropoxide, be subsequently added into by 800g mass concentrations be 25% the TPAOH aqueous solution, mix 4h after, in 80-90 DEG C heating stirring drives ethanol out of after 5 hours completely.Then 1.5L is added water to, obtained mixture is transferred to outfit stirring In the autoclave of device, hydrothermal crystallizing 10 days under 175 DEG C, self-generated pressure, obtained reactant mixture is filtered, collected Crystallization mother liquor (numbering AS-E).
After testing, on the basis of the total amount of crystallization mother liquor, with SiO2The content of the element silicon of meter is 2.3 weight %, with Al2O3The content of the aluminium element of meter is 0.14 weight %, and the content of TPAOH is 12.5 weight %.
Embodiment 1-49
The condition provided according to table 3, nano-carbon material is molded respectively using following methods.
Nano-carbon material is well mixed with binding agent source under environment temperature (25 DEG C) respectively, mixture bar shaped will be obtained After being dried and be optionally calcined in mould, obtain nano-carbon material formed body and (randomly select part formed body to be beaten Mill, obtain length be 3-5mm batten be used for determine crushing strength and porosity, as a result listed in table 3), by residue into Sieved after type body is broken, obtain graininess formed body, its mean particle size (abbreviation particle diameter) is listed in table 3.
Table 3
1：The dosage of nano-carbon material is 10g2：In terms of oxide3：TPAOH
4：The species and dosage of the inorganic agent additionally added outside contained inorganic agent in binding agent source
Embodiment 49-76
Using following methods, nano-carbon material is molded by the condition provided according to table 4 respectively：
Nano-carbon material is mixed with binding agent source and optional inorganic agent respectively, is then placed in obtained mixture In sealing autoclave with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, hydro-thermal process is carried out under self-generated pressure.Treat in autoclave Temperature be down to environment temperature after, open reactor, obtained slurries be sent into strip mould and are dried and optionally After roasting, obtain nano-carbon material formed body and (randomly select part formed body to be polished, obtain the batten that length is 3-5mm For determining crushing strength and porosity, as a result listed in table 4), by remaining formed body it is broken after sieved, obtain Granular formed body, its mean particle size are listed in table 4.
Embodiment 77,79 and 81
The difference of embodiment 77 and embodiment 50 is, nano-carbon material and binding agent source is mixed in (25 DEG C) of environment temperature After closing uniformly, without hydro-thermal process, but directly it is molded.
The difference of embodiment 79 and embodiment 51 is, nano-carbon material and binding agent source is mixed in (25 DEG C) of environment temperature After closing uniformly, without hydro-thermal process, but directly it is molded.
The difference of embodiment 81 and embodiment 52 is, nano-carbon material and binding agent source is mixed in (25 DEG C) of environment temperature After closing uniformly, without hydro-thermal process, but directly it is molded.
Embodiment 78,80 and 82
The difference of embodiment 78 and embodiment 50 is, the mixture in nano-carbon material and binding agent source is placed in into three mouthfuls of burnings In bottle, with carrying out back flow reaction, the time of back flow reaction and embodiment at a temperature of the hydro-thermal process temperature identical of embodiment 50 Hydrothermal conditions in 50 are identical, and the mixture that back flow reaction is obtained is sent into mould.
The difference of embodiment 80 and embodiment 51 is, the mixture in nano-carbon material and binding agent source is placed in into three mouthfuls of burnings In bottle, with carrying out back flow reaction, the time of back flow reaction and embodiment at a temperature of the hydro-thermal process temperature identical of embodiment 51 Hydrothermal conditions in 51 are identical, and the mixture that back flow reaction is obtained is sent into mould.
The difference of embodiment 82 and embodiment 52 is, the mixture in nano-carbon material and binding agent source is placed in into three mouthfuls of burnings In bottle, with carrying out back flow reaction, the time of back flow reaction and embodiment at a temperature of the hydro-thermal process temperature identical of embodiment 52 Hydrothermal conditions in 52 are identical, and the mixture that back flow reaction is obtained is sent into mould.
Table 4
1：The dosage of nano-carbon material is 10g2：In terms of oxide3：TPAOH4：TMAH 5：Tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide
6：The species and dosage of the inorganic agent additionally added outside contained inorganic agent in binding agent source
Testing example 1-82
The catalytic performance of the catalyst prepared using following methods successively testing example 1-82.
The graininess formed body respectively prepared by 0.2g embodiments 1-82 is micro- in universal fixed bed as Catalyst packing In type quartz tube reactor, the end seal of miniature quartz pipe reactor two has quartz sand, will under the conditions of 0MPa (gauge pressure) and 450 DEG C (concentration of normal butane is 1.98 volume %, normal butane and oxygen molar ratio 0.5 to gas containing normal butane and oxygen：1, surplus For the nitrogen as carrier gas) with 3000h-1Weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV) be passed through in reactor and reacted, continuous monitoring is defeated from reactor The composition of the reactant mixture gone out, and calculate n-butane conversion and total olefin selectivity, the result of reaction 3 hours and 24 hours Listed in table 5.
Test comparison example 1-4
Using the catalytic performance for testing multi-walled carbon nanotube A, B, C and D successively with testing example 1-82 identicals method.
Table 5
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, still, the present invention are not limited in above-mentioned embodiment Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to technical scheme, this A little simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.It is further to note that described in above-mentioned embodiment Each particular technique feature, in the case of reconcilable, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid not Necessary repetition, the present invention no longer separately illustrate to various combinations of possible ways.In addition, a variety of implementations of the present invention It can also be combined between mode, as long as it without prejudice to the thought of the present invention, it is public that it should equally be considered as institute of the invention The content opened.

Claims (32)

1. a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body contains nano-carbon material and for the nano-carbon material to be bonded The heat-resistant inorganic oxide of shaping, on the basis of the total amount of the formed body, the content of the nano-carbon material is 6-94 weights % is measured, the content of the binding agent is 6-94 weight %；
The nano-carbon material is made using the method comprised the following steps：By a kind of moisture for being dispersed with raw material nano carbon material Dispersion liquid is reacted in closed container, and for the aqueous dispersions with or without organic base, the organic base is amine and/or quaternary ammonium Alkali, in course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions is maintained in the range of 80-220 DEG C.
2. formed body according to claim 11, wherein, raw material nano carbon material：H2O weight ratio is 1：2-200 model In enclosing, preferably 1：In the range of 5-100, more preferably 1：In the range of 10-50.
3. formed body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the aqueous dispersions contain at least one organic base, and raw material is received Rice carbon material：The weight ratio of organic base is 1：In the range of 0.05-20, preferably 1：In the range of 0.1-8, more preferably in 0.5- In the range of 5.
4. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, the organic base is selected from the chemical combination shown in Formulas I The compound and general formula R shown in compound, formula III shown in thing, Formula II12(NH2)2The material of expression, R12For C1-C6Asia Alkyl or C6-C12Arlydene,
In Formulas I, R1、R2、R3And R4Respectively C1-C20Alkyl or C6-C12Aryl；
In Formula II, R5、R6And R7Respectively H, C1-C6Alkyl or C6-C12Aryl, and R5、R6And R7It is asynchronously H；
In formula III, R8、R9And R10Respectively-R11OH, hydrogen or C1-C6Alkyl, and R8、R9And R10In it is at least one for- R11OH, R11For C1-C4Alkylidene.
5. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, in course of reaction, the temperature of the aqueous dispersions Degree is maintained in the range of 140-180 DEG C；
Preferably, the duration of the reaction is more excellent preferably in the range of 2-72 hours in the range of 0.5-96 hours It is selected in the range of 20-50 hours.
6. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein, in the raw material nano carbon material, N element Content is not higher than 0.2 weight %, preferably not higher than 0.02 weight %；The content of O elements be not higher than 1.5 weight %, it is excellent Elect as and be not higher than 0.3 weight %；The total amount of metallic element is below 2.5 weight %, preferably below 0.5 weight %.
7. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-6, wherein, the raw material nano carbon material is carbon nanometer Pipe, preferably multi-walled carbon nanotube；
Preferably, the specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube is 50-500m2/ g, preferably 120-190m2/g；
Preferably, total weight loss rate of the multi-walled carbon nanotube in 400-800 DEG C of temperature range is w800, at 400-500 DEG C Temperature range in total weight loss rate be w500, w500/w800In the range of 0.01-0.5, preferably in the range of 0.02-0.4, The weight-loss ratio determines in air atmosphere.
8. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-7, wherein, methods described also includes mixing from what reaction obtained Solid matter is isolated in compound, and the solid matter isolated is dried；
Preferably, the drying is carried out at a temperature of 50-400 DEG C, is carried out preferably at a temperature of 80-180 DEG C；The drying Duration be preferably 4-24 hours, more preferably 6-12 hours no more than 48 hours.
9. a kind of nano-carbon material formed body, the formed body contains nano-carbon material and for the nano-carbon material to be bonded The heat-resistant inorganic oxide of shaping, on the basis of the total amount of the formed body, the content of the nano-carbon material is 6-94 weights % is measured, the content of the binding agent is 6-94 weight %, and the nano-carbon material contains O elements and optional N element.
10. formed body according to claim 9, wherein, on the basis of the total amount of the nano-carbon material and in terms of element, The content of O elements is 0.5-6 weight %, and the content of N element is 0-2 weight %, and the content of C element is 92-99.5 weight %.
11. the formed body according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, in the nano-carbon material content of N element be less than 0.1 weight %, on the basis of the total amount of nano-carbon material and in terms of element, O content is 0.5-5.8 weight %, preferably 3- 5.5 weight %, more preferably 4.5-5.5 weight %；The content of C element is 94.2-99.5 weight %, preferably 94.5-97 weights Measure %, more preferably 94.5-95.5 weight %.
12. formed body according to claim 11, wherein, in the nano-carbon material, by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements that peak in the range of 531.0-532.5eV determines is IO c, by 532.6-533.5eV models in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements that peak in enclosing determines is IO e, IO c/IO eIn the range of 0.1-0.7, preferably in the range of 0.4-0.7, more It is preferred that in the range of 0.55-0.65；
In the nano-carbon material, the C element that is determined by the peak in the range of 288.6-288.8eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum Measure as IC c, the amount of the C element determined by the peak in the range of 286.0-286.2eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum is IC e, IC c/IC eIt is excellent It is selected in the range of 0.1-0.9, it is further excellent more preferably in the range of 0.35-0.8 preferably in the range of 0.3-0.9 It is selected in the range of 0.5-0.7.
13. the formed body according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, on the basis of the total amount of the nano-carbon material and with member Element meter, the content of O elements is 1.3-6 weight %, more preferably preferably 2-6 weight %, 4-6 weight %；The content of N element is 0.2-1.8 weight %, preferably 0.5-1.8 weight %, more preferably 1-1.5 weight %；The content of C element is 92.2-98.5 Weight %, preferably 92.2-97.5 weight %, more preferably 92.5-95 weight %.
14. formed body according to claim 13, wherein, in the nano-carbon material, by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements that peak in the range of 531.0-532.5eV determines is IO c, by 532.6-533.5eV models in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount for the O elements that peak in enclosing determines is IO e, IO c/IO eIn the range of 0.1-0.9, preferably in the range of 0.35-0.85, More preferably in the range of 0.5-0.8；
In the nano-carbon material, the C element that is determined by the peak in the range of 288.6-288.8eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum Measure as IC c, the amount of the C element determined by the peak in the range of 286.0-286.2eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum is IC e, IC c/IC e In the range of 0.1-0.98, preferably in the range of 0.3-0.98, more preferably in the range of 0.45-0.6.
15. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 9,10,13 and 14, wherein, it is true by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The total amount for determining the N element in nano-carbon material is IN t, it is true by the peak in the range of 398.5-400.1eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The amount of fixed N element is IN c, IN c/IN tIn the range of 0.7-1, preferably in the range of 0.8-0.95.
16. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 9-15, wherein, in the nano-carbon material, with by X ray On the basis of the total amount for the C element that photoelectron spectroscopy determines, by the peak in the range of 284.7-284.9eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum The content of the C element of determination is more than 20 weight %, preferably more than 40 weight %, more preferably more than 50 weight %, enters one Step is preferably more than 70 weight %；And the C element determined by the peak in the range of 284.7-284.9eV in x-ray photoelectron power spectrum Content be below 95 weight %, preferably below 90 weight %.
17. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-16, wherein, the nano-carbon material is CNT, Preferably multi-walled carbon nanotube；
Preferably, the specific surface area of the multi-walled carbon nanotube is in 50-500m2In the range of/g, preferably in 80-300m2/ g model In enclosing, more preferably in 130-180m2In the range of/g；
Preferably, weight-loss ratio of the multi-walled carbon nanotube in 400-800 DEG C of temperature range is w800, at 400-500 DEG C Weight-loss ratio in temperature range is w500, w500/w800It is more excellent preferably in the range of 0.02-0.3 in the range of 0.01-0.5 It is selected in the range of 0.05-0.15, the weight-loss ratio determines in air atmosphere.
18. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-17, wherein, on the basis of the total amount of the formed body, The content of the nano-carbon material is 10-90 weight %, more preferably preferably 40-90 weight %, 65-90 weight %, described The content of heat-resistant inorganic oxide is 10-90 weight %, more preferably preferably 10-60 weight %, 10-35 weight %.
19. according to the formed body described in any one in claim 1-18, wherein, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is oxidation It is more than one or both of aluminium, silica and titanium oxide；
Preferably, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide contains silica；
It is highly preferred that on the basis of the total amount of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide, the content of the silica is 10-100 weight %, Preferably 20-99 weight %, more preferably 50-99 weight %.
20. a kind of preparation method of nano-carbon material formed body, this method includes mixing nano-carbon material with binding agent source, will Obtained mixture is molded, and obtains article shaped, and the article shaped is dried and is optionally calcined, the binding agent Source is selected from the precursor of heat-resistant inorganic oxide and/or heat-resistant inorganic oxide, and the nano-carbon material is non-surface treated Nano-carbon material and/or surface treated nano-carbon material, determined by x-ray photoelectron power spectrum described surface treated Nano-carbon material contains O elements and optional N element.
21. according to the method for claim 20, wherein, the mixture also contains at least one alkali；
Preferably, the alkali is selected from organic base；
It is highly preferred that the organic base is selected from quaternary ammonium base, aliphatic amine and aliphatic hydramine；
It is further preferred that the organic base is selected from synthesis of titanium silicon molecular sieve template；
It is further preferred that the organic base is selected from the compound shown in Formulas I：
In Formulas I, R1、R2、R3And R4Respectively C1-C20Alkyl or C6-C12Aryl；
The alkali and the mol ratio in the binding agent source are preferably 0.1-10：1, more preferably 0.15-5：1, the binding agent source In terms of oxide.
22. the method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein, before the mixture is molded, this method also includes will The mixture carries out hydro-thermal process.
23. according to the method for claim 22, wherein, the hydro-thermal process is at 100-200 DEG C, preferably 120-180 DEG C At a temperature of carry out, the duration of the hydro-thermal process is 0.5-24 hours, preferably 6-12 hours.
24. according to the method described in any one in claim 20-23, wherein, at least part binding agent source, at least partly may be used The alkali and at least part water of choosing come from molecular sieve preparation solution, and the molecular sieve preparation solution is the crystallization mother liquor of siliceous molecular sieve With the mixed liquor reset more than one or both of modified mother liquor of siliceous molecular sieve；
Preferably, the molecular sieve preparation solution is the crystallization mother liquor of silica zeolite and/or resets modification liquid, HTS One or both of crystallization mother liquor and/or rearrangement modification liquid of crystallization mother liquor and/or rearrangement modification liquid and Si-Al molecular sieve Mixed liquor above.
25. according to the method described in any one in claim 20-24, wherein, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide be aluminum oxide, It is more than one or both of silica and titanium oxide；
Preferably, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide contains silica；
It is highly preferred that on the basis of the total amount of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide, the content of the silica is 10-100 weight %, Preferably 20-99 weight %, more preferably 50-99 weight %.
26. according to the method described in any one in claim 20-25, wherein, the dosage in the binding agent source causes finally In the formed body of preparation, the content of nano-carbon material is 5-95 weight %, and preferably 75-95 weight %, more preferably 80-95 are heavy % is measured, the content of the heat-resistant inorganic oxide is 5-95 weight %, and preferably 5-25 weight %, more preferably 5-20 are heavy Measure %.
27. according to the method described in any one in claim 20-26, wherein, the surface treated nano-carbon material For the nano-carbon material described in any one in claim 1-8 and 9-17.
28. according to the method described in any one in claim 20-27, wherein, the drying is at a temperature of 50-200 DEG C Carry out, carried out preferably at a temperature of 120-180 DEG C；The duration of the drying is no more than 48 hours, preferably 3-24 Hour, more preferably 5-15 hours；
The roasting is carried out at a temperature of 300-800 DEG C, and the duration of the roasting is 1-12 hours, and preferably 2-4 is small When.
29. nano-carbon material formed body prepared by a kind of method in 20-28 as claim described in any one.
30. catalyst of the nano-carbon material formed body as hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction in claim 1-19 and 29 described in any one Application, the hydrocarbon is preferably alkane, more preferably C2-C12Alkane, more preferably normal butane.
31. a kind of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction method, this method is included under conditions of existence or non-existence oxygen, in hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reaction bar Under part, hydrocarbon is contacted with the nano-carbon material formed body described in any one in claim 1-19 and 29.
32. according to the method for claim 31, wherein, the hydrocarbon is alkane, preferably C2-C12Alkane, more preferably Normal butane.
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