CN107647049A - One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107647049A
CN107647049A CN201710942233.7A CN201710942233A CN107647049A CN 107647049 A CN107647049 A CN 107647049A CN 201710942233 A CN201710942233 A CN 201710942233A CN 107647049 A CN107647049 A CN 107647049A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tea beverage
honeysuckle
jasmine
silver
ginkgo leaf
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710942233.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈能春
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201710942233.7A priority Critical patent/CN107647049A/en
Publication of CN107647049A publication Critical patent/CN107647049A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/34Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:Fresh 120 140 parts of water caltrop, 11 16 parts of lophatherum gracile, 16 22 parts of honeysuckle, 69 parts of Jasmine, 47 parts of ginkgo leaf, silver-colored 22 28 parts of chrysanthemum, 38 parts of setose thistle, 800 1000 parts of water.This tea beverage has a stomach invigorating appetizing, improves appetite, and can prevent heatstroke, and the effect of QI invigorating, and tea beverage mouthfeel is fresh and sweet, is easily liked by masses, preparation method is simple.

Description

One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to food technology field, more particularly to a kind of appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In hot summer, due to heat, people often lose the appetite, and in heat environment, easily occur The situation of heatstroke.
But nowadays in the market is had or not for appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage, some is some taste mouths Feel extreme difference Huoxiang Zhengqi Wan, or Agastachel patchoule summer heat dispelling water, this Huoxiang Zhengqi Wan with the property of medicine, or Agastachel patchoule summer heat dispelling water be difficult into Mouthful, common people seldom go to take unless it is absolutely necessary, and particularly innocent child, this they do not eat substantially.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides one kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, this tea beverage has Stomach invigorating is whetted the appetite, and is improved appetite, and can be prevented heatstroke, and the effect of QI invigorating, and tea beverage mouthfeel is fresh and sweet, is easily liked by masses, makes It is simple to make method.
One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Preferably, by mass fraction, its material component is:
Preferably, by mass fraction, its material component is:
Preferably, the lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are all by natural air drying Dried food and nuts.
Preferably, component also includes brown sugar.
Preferably, the brown sugar mass fraction is 20-30 parts.
Preferably, component also includes hawthorn.
Preferably, the hawthorn mass fraction is 5-10 parts.
A kind of appetizing, the preparation method of clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage, it is characterised in that method includes:
A. fresh water caltrop, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle and the water of component amount are weighed;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave cleaning Cleaned in machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle at a temperature of 40-50 DEG C, Dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are shredded, will be cut by hand Broken lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1-1.5h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 300-400 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 300-400 mesh gauze mistakes Filter, obtains water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, stirred;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
A kind of appetizing provided by the invention, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, this tea beverage has stomach invigorating appetizing, Appetite is improved, and heatstroke can be prevented, the effect of QI invigorating, and tea beverage mouthfeel is fresh and sweet, is easily liked by masses, preparation method letter It is single.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, Obviously, described embodiment is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, is belonged to The scope of protection of the invention.
It should be appreciated that ought be in this specification and in the appended claims in use, term " comprising " and "comprising" instruction Described feature, entirety, step, operation, the presence of element and/or component, but it is not precluded from one or more of the other feature, whole Body, step, operation, element, component and/or its presence or addition for gathering.
It will be further appreciated that the term "and/or" used in description of the invention and appended claims is Refer to any combinations of one or more of the associated item listed and be possible to combine, and including these combinations.
Embodiment 1
Appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Its preparation method is:
A. fresh water caltrop, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle and the water of component amount are weighed;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave cleaning Cleaned in machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle at a temperature of 50 DEG C, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are shredded, will be cut by hand Broken lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1.5h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 400 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 300 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, adds brown sugar, stir;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
Embodiment 2
Appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Its preparation method is:
A. weigh the fresh water caltrop of component amount, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle, hawthorn and Water;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave Cleaned in cleaning machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle in 40 DEG C of temperature Under, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle are shredded, hand Work will shred lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 300 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 400 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, stirred;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
Embodiment 3
Appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Its preparation method is:
A. weigh the fresh water caltrop of component amount, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle, hawthorn and Water;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave Cleaned in cleaning machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle in 48 DEG C of temperature Under, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle are shredded, hand Work will shred lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, hawthorn and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1.2h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 350 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 380 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, adds brown sugar, stir;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
Embodiment 4
Appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Its preparation method is:
A. fresh water caltrop, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle and the water of component amount are weighed;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave cleaning Cleaned in machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle at a temperature of 42 DEG C, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are shredded, will be cut by hand Broken lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1.3h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 360 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 360 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, adds brown sugar, stir;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
Embodiment 5
Appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, by mass fraction, its material component includes:
Its preparation method is:
A. fresh water caltrop, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle and the water of component amount are weighed;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are positioned over ultrasonic wave cleaning Cleaned in machine;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle at a temperature of 46 DEG C, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are shredded, will be cut by hand Broken lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put Enter in container, to being totally submerged, 1.4h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 350 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 380 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, adds brown sugar, stir;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
This tea beverage not only has the function that hypotensive, blood fat, and sweet tasty and refreshing, pure natural to be free of preservative, and makes It is simple to make technique, being in can also prepare.
Step in present invention method can be sequentially adjusted, merged and deleted according to actual needs.
It is described in detail herein, applies specific case and the principle and embodiment of the present invention are explained State, above example is only intended to help the method and its core concept for understanding the present invention;Meanwhile for the general skill of this area Art personnel, according to the thought of the present invention, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications, in summary, this Description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (9)

1. one kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that by its material component bag of mass fraction Include:
2. tea beverage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that its material component is by mass fraction:
3. tea beverage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that its material component is by mass fraction:
4. the tea beverage as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterised in that:The lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo Leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are all the dried food and nuts by natural air drying.
5. the tea beverage as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterised in that:Component also includes brown sugar.
6. tea beverage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:The brown sugar mass fraction is 20-30 parts.
7. the tea beverage as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterised in that:Component also includes hawthorn.
8. tea beverage as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:The hawthorn mass fraction is 5-10 parts.
9. a kind of whetting the appetite as described in claim 1-8 is any, the preparation method of clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage, it is characterised in that side Method includes:
A. fresh water caltrop, lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum, setose thistle and the water of component amount are weighed;
B. the lophatherum gracile weighed, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are positioned in supersonic wave cleaning machine Cleaned;
C. by the lophatherum gracile after cleaning, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle at a temperature of 40-50 DEG C, dry 1h;
D. dried lophatherum gracile, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle are shredded, will be shredded by hand light The leaf of bamboo, honeysuckle, Jasmine, ginkgo leaf, silver-colored chrysanthemum and setose thistle physical mixed, use gauze wrapped;
E. 9/10 water of component amount is poured into container, is heated, and to seething with excitement, the yarn bag for being enclosed with mixed material is put into appearance In device, to being totally submerged, 1-1.5h is boiled in holding;
F. by tea while hot through 300-400 mesh filtered through gauze, obtain tea filtrate, then cool down;
G. fresh water caltrop is cleaned, pours into juice extractor, added remaining 1/10 water, squeezed the juice, cross 300-400 mesh filtered through gauze, Obtain water caltrop filtrate;
H. tea filtrate is mixed with water caltrop filtrate, stirred;
G. the filtrate after stirring carries out ultraviolet sterilization, packs, refrigeration.
CN201710942233.7A 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof Pending CN107647049A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710942233.7A CN107647049A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710942233.7A CN107647049A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107647049A true CN107647049A (en) 2018-02-02

Family

ID=61117458

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710942233.7A Pending CN107647049A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107647049A (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101649275A (en) * 2009-07-15 2010-02-17 刘名汉 Herb-tea fruit/vegetable yellow wine and preparation method thereof
CN104186860A (en) * 2014-09-13 2014-12-10 合肥瑾翔医药科技有限公司 Tea beverage capable of moistening lung and beautifying and preparation method thereof
CN106721818A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 It is a kind of with Chinese medicinal drink for removing fire action and preparation method thereof
CN106819276A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-13 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 A kind of antipyretic beverage and preparation method thereof
CN106819730A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-13 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 A kind of tea beverage with heat-clearing effect and preparation method thereof
CN107183279A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-22 陈丽 A kind of pure natural herbal tea and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101649275A (en) * 2009-07-15 2010-02-17 刘名汉 Herb-tea fruit/vegetable yellow wine and preparation method thereof
CN104186860A (en) * 2014-09-13 2014-12-10 合肥瑾翔医药科技有限公司 Tea beverage capable of moistening lung and beautifying and preparation method thereof
CN106721818A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 It is a kind of with Chinese medicinal drink for removing fire action and preparation method thereof
CN106819276A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-13 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 A kind of antipyretic beverage and preparation method thereof
CN106819730A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-13 佛山泓乾生物科技有限公司 A kind of tea beverage with heat-clearing effect and preparation method thereof
CN107183279A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-22 陈丽 A kind of pure natural herbal tea and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103283862B (en) Bean curd capable of wetting throat and moistening dryness and preparation method thereof
CN102204606A (en) Bagged gynostemma pentaphylla tea
CN107712159A (en) A kind of preparation technology of instant oil tea
CN104322781A (en) Cactus faint-scent honeysuckle tea and preparation method thereof
CN107647049A (en) One kind appetizing, clearing summer-heat and tonifying qi tea beverage and preparation method thereof
CN104223226B (en) There is beverage of effect of dispeling cold and preparation method thereof
CN104543214A (en) Milk-flavor lotus leaf tea and preparation method thereof
CN102318698A (en) Bag type barley tea
CN110368455A (en) A kind of liquid medicine preparation method
CN104543212A (en) Cool and refreshing internal heat removing lotus leaf tea and preparation method thereof
CN104106640A (en) Dried bean curd containing wrinkled giant hyssop and coke and preparation method thereof
CN106234724A (en) A kind of instant white coffee and method for pouring thereof
CN102144700A (en) Three-fresh tea
CN106262340A (en) A kind of Fructus Melo Phaseolus coccineus L. var. albonanus Bailey. thick soup and preparation method thereof
CN106260473A (en) A kind of milk frozen sucker and preparation method thereof
CN106235184A (en) A kind of Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae Semen Castaneae thick soup and preparation method thereof
CN109007165A (en) A kind of calming nerves and relieving summer-heat corn tea and preparation method thereof
CN106307387A (en) Thick soup with pickled cucumbers and Chinese chestnuts and making method of thick soup
CN106540121A (en) A kind of disease-resistant tender Semen Juglandiss health care medicine of the strong body of brain-strengthening
CN109645288A (en) A kind of all sorts of flowers beverage and preparation method thereof
CN106262448A (en) A kind of pumpkin-milk HUADOU thick soup and preparation method thereof
CN106235174A (en) A kind of hami melon milk HUADOU thick soup and preparation method thereof
CN108669274A (en) A kind of donkey-hide gelatin health preserving soup tea
CN106343472A (en) Loofah and Chinese chestnut soup and preparation method thereof
CN106262460A (en) A kind of Fructus Benincasae Semen Pisi sativi thick soup and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180202

WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication