CN107646554A - A kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding, it is characterised in that including following aspect：（1）Seed softens, and first seed is soaked using organic acid soln, is then immersed in protein solution and impregnates 56 days；（2）Magnetize breeding, first seed is respectively placed in protective liquid and mutagenesis agent solution and impregnated, then immerse in protective liquid under the conditions of high carbon dioxide and oxygen content, magnetization nursery and incubated is repeated；（3）Nurse young plants in hothouses, using organic acid soln and protein solution to seedling bed through spraying high-temperature process, then sow coriander seed and nursed young plants in hothouses；（4）Greenhouse gardening, coriander seedling is transplanted, and cultivates under the high temperature conditions to 3 generations, and the season of normal temperature culture one, collects the fast plant seed of the speed of growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, and in particular to a kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding.
Background technology
Coriander, also known as caraway, coriander, Sui herb is brought up for samphire, its shape is like celery, and leaf is small and tender, and stem is very thin,
Taste Yu Xiang, it is that seasoning is commonly used in soup, cold dish, there is the Titian that renders palatable；Rich in abundant vitamin C, carrot in coriander
Element, vitamin b1 and mineral matter element, and its ethereal oil mannitol, positive certain herbaceous plants with big flowers aldehyde, aldehyde C-9 and linalool etc. for containing, tool
There is appetizing to be amusing, the function of sweating clearing heat for promoting eruption；Its herb of coriander can be used as medicine, have sweating promoting eruption, the lower gas that helps digestion, be amusing and in
The effect of, the illnesss such as food stagnant, appetite is not opened, prolapse of the anus can be also treated, there is higher nutritive value and medical value.But
Coriander habit non-refractory to be cold-resistant, it can tolerate -1 to 2 DEG C of low temperature, but will stop when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C
Growth, plantation can only be eaten in spring and autumn naturally, and summer high temperature weather is not suitable for its growth conditions；And summer uses greenhouse
Mode is planted, and regulation canopy temperature need to expend the substantial amounts of energy, and planting cost is high.Coriander is divided into product in great Ye and leaflet two
Kind, large-leaved variety yield is high, but fragrance is light, and mouthfeel is bad, and leaflet fragrance is dense but yields poorly, it is impossible to meets the market demand；
Leaflet coriander is improved using cross breeding method, its taste bad can be caused.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem of existing：In terms of heat resistance, coriander habit non-refractory to be cold-resistant, it is resistant to
By -1 to 2 DEG C of low temperature, but will be stopped growing when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, plantation naturally can only be eaten in spring and autumn, and
Summer high temperature weather is not suitable for its growth conditions；And summer is planted using greenhouse mode, regulation canopy temperature need to expend largely
The energy, planting cost is high.Coriander is divided into kind in great Ye and leaflet two, and large-leaved variety yield is high, but fragrance is light, and mouthfeel is not
Good, leaflet fragrance is dense but yields poorly, it is impossible to meets the market demand；Leaflet coriander is improved using cross breeding method,
Its taste bad can be caused.To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seed softens：First will leaflet coriander seed immerse organic acid soln in carry out it is incubated, to hard shell carry out it is soft
Change, improve nutritional ingredient absorption and Mutagenic Effect, and cytoactive and resistance can be improved, then immerse in protein solution in 4-
Impregnated 5-6 days at a temperature of 6 DEG C, its abundant aminoacid ingredient contained can reduce damage of the mutation source to seed, obtain softening seed；
（2）Magnetize breeding：Gently softening seed is pushed using flat board, broken shell seed is obtained, broken shell seed is first immersed into protective liquid
In soak 1-2h under 24-28 DEG C of temperature, pressure 0.2-0.3MPa, can improve seed antioxygen containing multivitamin in protective liquid
Change and resistance ability, 1-2h is then soaked in mutagenesis agent solution is immersed, then broken shell seed is immersed in protective liquid and carries out magnetic
Change breeding, 30-34 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.1%-0.14%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 26%-28%, rich dioxy
Seed cell vigor can be stimulated by changing carbon and oxygen content, improve germinating growth, frequency of use is 2-3MPa and 5-6MPa every 1 respectively
Secondary/20min alternating switching frequencies, circulation are carried out 4-5 times, and in 30-34 DEG C of constant temperature culture 3-4h, then carry out magnetization and educate
Kind, circulation carries out magnetizing breeding and incubated 3-4 times, obtained mutagenesis seed；High-intensity magnetic field caused by magnetizer can change cell
Institutional framework and produce high temperature resistant character individual plants, checker can be improved using magnetic frequency in two and cell mutation is imitated
Fruit, and magnetization breeding and incubated, the damage with raising Mutagenic Effect and reduction high-intensity magnetic field to seed is repeated；
（3）Nurse young plants in hothouses：To nursing young plants in hothouses, bed soil earth sprays organic acid soln and protein solution respectively, can improve chitting piece
Itself repair ability and activity, 1 day is stood at a temperature of 40-45 DEG C after cover film, then mutagenesis seed is sowed and carries out temperature
Room nursery, culture obtain leaflet coriander seedling to emerging；By high temperature nursery culture, filter out according to the mutagenesis for having high temperature resistant character
Seedling afterwards；
（4）Greenhouse gardening：Leaflet coriander seedling is subjected to greenhouse plantation, 32-37 DEG C of temperature, 1 protein of sprinkling was molten per 2-3 days
Liquid, 1 organic acid soln of sprinkling per 5-6 days, select the fast plant of the speed of growth and collect seed, will cultivate to the leaflet in the 3rd generation
Coriander seed cultivates a season under the conditions of 15-20 DEG C, removes slow-growing plant, obtains high temperature resistant, high yield, stabilization characteristics of genetics
With adapt to normal temperature environment plant, and to remaining plant carry out culture collect seed, carry out large-scale planting.
Step（1）Described organic acid soln, wherein being respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and being：Water 75-82 parts, citric acid 7-9
Part, malic acid 4-6 parts, tartaric acid 3-5 parts, caffeine 1-3 parts.
Step（1）Described protein solution, its compound method are:
Fresh soya-bean milk 27-33 parts, corn steep liquor 19-24 parts, fresh milk 12-16 parts are weighed according to quality meter part, total matter is added after mixing
1%-2% protease is measured, 2-3h is digested at a temperature of 28-32 DEG C, then adds gross mass 3%-4% fermenting agent, ferment 24-
Protein solution is made in 27h；Wherein described fermenting agent, wherein lactic acid bacteria：Hay bacillus quality proportioning is 2-3:1-2.
Step（2）Described protective liquid, wherein vitamin C：Vitamin E：Folic acid quality proportioning is 3:2-3:1, its quality
Concentration is 11%-14%；Described mutagenesis agent solution, it is azaserine, mass concentration 1%-2%.
Step（3）Described nurses young plants in hothouses, and its method for culturing seedlings is：Mutagenesis seed is sowed to seedling bed, and after planting preceding 12
My god, 27-30 DEG C of temperature, humidity 53%-58%, after after planting 12 days, temperature is 32-37 DEG C, humidity 65%-70%.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Seed softening method, coriander seed hull is harder, to coriander kind
The mutagenesis and sprouting of son have largely restriction effect, and seed hull is softened using vegetalitas organic acid, can be carried
Protein solution nutritional ingredient is absorbed high seed and Mutagenic Effect, and cell work can be improved after neutron absorption Determination of Organic Acids
Property and resistance, reduce mutation source to the degree of injury of seed germ part, improve survival rate.Magnetize breeding method, first will be broken
Its in shell seed immersion protective liquid, which contains multivitamin, has stronger anti-oxidant and tissue repairing ability, can reduce antibiotic
With damage of the electromagnetism mutation source to seed germ part, the azaserine contained in mutagenesis agent solution can be to promoting seed cdna
Variation；And seed, which is placed in carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content environment, can excite seed cell active, promote germination life
It is long, and magnetization mutagenesis is carried out to seed using the magnetizer of two kinds of frequencies in 30-34 DEG C of condition, its caused high-intensity magnetic field can be right
Seed cell internal structure produces change, and so as to produce the seed for adapting to hot environment, different frequency magnetic field alternately switches its production
Raw irregular magnetic field, can be improved to Interior Seed structural change efficiency, and entered by magnetizing breeding and incubated alternating
OK, effective magnetizing interference can be carried out to germination each stage, promotes seeds mutagenesis to produce, and long-time hard magnetization can be avoided
Effect can cause the irreversible damage of seed, improve the survival rate of seed after variation.Nurse young plants in hothouses method, using 27-30 DEG C and
32-37 DEG C of temperature filters out the plant to hot environment with good conformity ability to after planting mutagenesis seed culture, and regular
Sprayed using organic acid soln and protein solution, chitting piece itself repair ability and activity can be improved, improve seed
Germination percentage.Greenhouse gardening method, high temperature resistant leaflet coriander plant is transplanted, cultivated in high temperature greenhouse-environment to the 3rd generation,
And continue the screening plant that the speed of growth is fast, yield is high, and its inhereditary feature is relatively stable, is not in that cultigen is lost now
As collecting 3 generation seeds, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistant, high yield；By cultivating a season in 15-20 DEG C of environment, can reject to normal
Warm environmental inadequacies plant, normal temperature environment cultivation is avoided underproduction phenomenon occur.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seed softens：First will leaflet coriander seed immerse organic acid soln in carry out it is incubated, to hard shell carry out it is soft
Change, improve nutritional ingredient and absorb and Mutagenic Effect, and cytoactive and resistance can be improved, then immerse in protein solution
Impregnated 5 days at a temperature of 4.5 DEG C, its abundant aminoacid ingredient contained can reduce damage of the mutation source to seed, obtain softening seed；
（2）Magnetize breeding：Gently softening seed is pushed using flat board, broken shell seed is obtained, broken shell seed is first immersed into protective liquid
In soak 1.5h under 25 DEG C of temperature, pressure 0.24MPa, it is anti-oxidant and anti-containing multivitamin can to improve seed in protective liquid
Inverse sexuality, 1.5h is then soaked in mutagenesis agent solution is immersed, then broken shell seed is immersed in protective liquid and carries out magnetization breeding,
31 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration are 0.11%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 26.3%, and carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content can pierce
Swash seed cell vigor, improve germinating growth, frequency of use is the every 1 time/20min of 2.2MPa and 5.4MPa alternately switching frequencies respectively
Rate, circulation are carried out 4 times, and in 31 DEG C of constant temperature culture 3.5h, then magnetization breeding is carried out, circulation carries out magnetizing breeding and perseverance
Temperature culture 3 times, is made mutagenesis seed；High-intensity magnetic field caused by magnetizer can change cell tissue structure and produce the plant of high temperature resistant character
Strain individual, checker can be improved to cell mutation effect using magnetic frequency in two, and magnetization breeding and constant temperature is repeated
Culture, there is the damage for improving Mutagenic Effect and reduction high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
（3）Nurse young plants in hothouses：To nursing young plants in hothouses, bed soil earth sprays organic acid soln and protein solution respectively, can improve chitting piece
Itself repair ability and activity, 1 day is stood at a temperature of 41 DEG C after cover film, then mutagenesis seed is sowed and carries out greenhouse and educates
Seedling, culture obtain leaflet coriander seedling to emerging；By high temperature nursery culture, filter out according to children after the mutagenesis for having high temperature resistant character
Seedling；
（4）Greenhouse gardening：Leaflet coriander seedling is subjected to greenhouse plantation, 33 DEG C of temperature, sprays 1 protein solution within every 2 days, often
1 organic acid soln of sprinkling in 5 days, select the fast plant of the speed of growth and collect seed, will cultivate to the leaflet coriander seed in the 3rd generation
A season is cultivated under the conditions of 16 DEG C, removes slow-growing plant, high temperature resistant, high yield, stabilization characteristics of genetics is obtained and adapts to normal temperature
The plant of environment, and culture is carried out to remaining plant and collects seed, carry out large-scale planting.
Step（1）Described organic acid soln, wherein being respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and being：77 parts of water, 7.2 parts of citric acid,
4.3 parts of malic acid, 3.6 parts of tartaric acid, 1.5 parts of caffeine.
Step（1）Described protein solution, its compound method are:
28 parts of fresh soya-bean milk, 20 parts of corn steep liquor, 13 parts of fresh milk are weighed according to quality meter part, the egg of gross mass 1.2% is added after mixing
White enzyme, 2.5h is digested at a temperature of 29 DEG C, then add the fermenting agent of gross mass 3.2%, protein solution is made in fermentation 25h；
Wherein described fermenting agent, wherein lactic acid bacteria：Hay bacillus quality proportioning is 2:1.
Step（2）Described protective liquid, wherein vitamin C：Vitamin E：Folic acid quality proportioning is 3:2:1, its quality is dense
Spend for 12%；Described mutagenesis agent solution, it is azaserine, mass concentration 1.3%.
Step（3）Described nurses young plants in hothouses, and its method for culturing seedlings is：Mutagenesis seed is sowed to seedling bed, and after planting preceding 12
My god, 28 DEG C of temperature, humidity 54%, after after planting 12 days, temperature is 33 DEG C, humidity 67%.
Embodiment 2：
（1）Seed softens：First will leaflet coriander seed immerse organic acid soln in carry out it is incubated, to hard shell carry out it is soft
Change, improve nutritional ingredient and absorb and Mutagenic Effect, and cytoactive and resistance can be improved, then immerse in protein solution
Impregnated 6 days at a temperature of 5.5 DEG C, its abundant aminoacid ingredient contained can reduce damage of the mutation source to seed, obtain softening seed；
（2）Magnetize breeding：Gently softening seed is pushed using flat board, broken shell seed is obtained, broken shell seed is first immersed into protective liquid
In soak 2h under 27 DEG C of temperature, pressure 0.27MPa, it is anti-oxidant and degeneration-resistant containing multivitamin can to improve seed in protective liquid
Sexuality, 2h is then soaked in mutagenesis agent solution is immersed, then broken shell seed is immersed in protective liquid and carries out magnetization breeding, temperature
33 DEG C, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.13%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 27.5%, and carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content can stimulate kind
Daughter cell vigor, germinating growth improving, frequency of use is that the every 1 time/20min of 2.8MPa and 5.7MPa replace switching frequency respectively,
Circulation is carried out 5 times, and in 33 DEG C of constant temperature culture 4h, then magnetization breeding is carried out, circulation carries out magnetizing breeding and constant temperature training
Support 4 times, mutagenesis seed is made；High-intensity magnetic field caused by magnetizer can change cell tissue structure and produce high temperature resistant character plant
Body, checker can be improved to cell mutation effect using magnetic frequency in two, and magnetization breeding and incubated is repeated,
With raising Mutagenic Effect and reduce damage of the high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
（3）Nurse young plants in hothouses：To nursing young plants in hothouses, bed soil earth sprays organic acid soln and protein solution respectively, can improve chitting piece
Itself repair ability and activity, 1 day is stood at a temperature of 44 DEG C after cover film, then mutagenesis seed is sowed and carries out greenhouse and educates
Seedling, culture obtain leaflet coriander seedling to emerging；By high temperature nursery culture, filter out according to children after the mutagenesis for having high temperature resistant character
Seedling；
（4）Greenhouse gardening：Leaflet coriander seedling is subjected to greenhouse plantation, 36 DEG C of temperature, sprays 1 protein solution within every 3 days, often
1 organic acid soln of sprinkling in 6 days, select the fast plant of the speed of growth and collect seed, will cultivate to the leaflet coriander seed in the 3rd generation
A season is cultivated under the conditions of 18 DEG C, removes slow-growing plant, high temperature resistant, high yield, stabilization characteristics of genetics is obtained and adapts to normal temperature
The plant of environment, and culture is carried out to remaining plant and collects seed, carry out large-scale planting.
Step（1）Described organic acid soln, wherein being respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and being：80 parts of water, 8.4 parts of citric acid,
5.6 parts of malic acid, 4.5 parts of tartaric acid, 2.7 parts of caffeine.
Step（1）Described protein solution, its compound method are:
32 parts of fresh soya-bean milk, 23 parts of corn steep liquor, 15 parts of fresh milk are weighed according to quality meter part, the egg of gross mass 1.8% is added after mixing
White enzyme, 3h is digested at a temperature of 31 DEG C, then add the fermenting agent of gross mass 3.7%, protein solution is made in fermentation 26h；Its
Described in fermenting agent, wherein lactic acid bacteria：Hay bacillus quality proportioning is 3:2.
Step（2）Described protective liquid, wherein vitamin C：Vitamin E：Folic acid quality proportioning is 3:3:1, its quality is dense
Spend for 13%；Described mutagenesis agent solution, it is azaserine, mass concentration 1.9%.
Step（3）Described nurses young plants in hothouses, and its method for culturing seedlings is：Mutagenesis seed is sowed to seedling bed, and after planting preceding 12
My god, 29 DEG C of temperature, humidity 57%, after after planting 12 days, temperature is 36 DEG C, humidity 68%.
Contrast 1：
This contrast 1 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（1）Seed softens, and other step embodiments 1 are identical.
Contrast 2：
This contrast 2 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（2）In two kinds of magnetic frequency alternated process, only magnetized using 5.4MPa
Frequency, other steps are same as Example 2.
Contrast 3：
This contrast 3 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（2）In it is incubated, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 4：
This contrast 4 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（3）Medium temperature chamber's rearing condition, other steps are same as Example 2.
Contrast 5：
This contrast 5 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（4）Middle cultivate to 3 withholds collection seed, other steps and the phase of embodiment 2
Together.
Control group：
This control group is to using leaflet coriander before non-mutagenesis as reference, being not used seed softening, two kinds of magnetic frequency alternatings, constant temperature training
Support, 3 generation seeds of condition of nursing young plants in hothouses and collection.
To embodiment 1, embodiment 2, contrast 1, contrast 2, contrast 3, contrast 4, contrast 5 and control group experimental program, statistics
Average yield per mu, highest tolerable temperature, vitamin content, the evaluation of mouthfeel fragrance of coriander are compared.
Mouthfeel fragrance is evaluated：Wherein ﹢ ﹢ ﹢ ﹢ ﹢ are fine that preferably, ﹢ ﹢ ﹢ are general to ﹢ ﹢ ﹢ ﹢, and ﹢ ﹢ are poor, and ﹢ is very poor；Respectively comment
Valency sample size is 130, is defined by the super evaluation result of sample 2/3.
Experimental data：
Synthesis result：The leaflet coriander that the present invention is cultivated, compared with control group, its average yield per mu improves 270kg, high temperature tolerance
Temperature improves 11 DEG C, and Vitamin C content improves 18mg/100g, and has preferable mouthfeel and fragrance.Use two kinds of magnetic frequencies
With incubated, average yield per mu raising 84kg, 50kg, highest tolerable temperature improves 5 DEG C, 3 DEG C, Vitamin C content raising 6mg/
100g, 4mg/100g, and the preferable mouthfeel of leaflet coriander and fragrance can be kept；And use is nursed young plants in hothouses and withholds collection seed with 3, can carry
High average yield per mu 62kg, 55kg, Vitamin C content improve 5mg/100g, 2mg/100g.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method of high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Seed softens：First leaflet coriander seed is immersed in organic acid soln and carries out incubated, then immerses protein solution In impregnated 5-6 days at a temperature of 4-6 DEG C, obtain softening seed；（2）Magnetize breeding：Gently softening seed is pushed using flat board, broken shell seed is obtained, broken shell seed is first immersed into protective liquid In soak 1-2h under 24-28 DEG C of temperature, pressure 0.2-0.3MPa, then soak 1-2h in mutagenesis agent solution is immersed, then will Broken shell seed, which is immersed in protective liquid, carries out magnetization breeding, 30-34 DEG C of temperature, and carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.1%-0.14%, oxygen Air volume concentration is 26%-28%, and frequency of use is that the every 1 time/20min of 2-3MPa and 5-6MPa replace switching frequency, circulation respectively Carry out 4-5 times, and in 30-34 DEG C of constant temperature culture 3-4h, then magnetization breeding is carried out, circulation carries out magnetizing breeding and constant temperature Culture 3-4 times, mutagenesis seed is made；（3）Nurse young plants in hothouses：Spray organic acid soln and protein solution respectively to bed soil earth of nursing young plants in hothouses, after cover film 1 day is stood at a temperature of 40-45 DEG C, then the sowing of mutagenesis seed is nursed young plants in hothouses, culture obtains leaflet coriander children to emerging Seedling；（4）Greenhouse gardening：Leaflet coriander seedling is subjected to greenhouse plantation, 32-37 DEG C of temperature, 1 protein of sprinkling was molten per 2-3 days Liquid, 1 organic acid soln of sprinkling per 5-6 days, select the fast plant of the speed of growth and collect seed, will cultivate to the leaflet in the 3rd generation Coriander seed cultivates a season under the conditions of 15-20 DEG C, removes slow-growing plant, and culture is carried out to remaining plant and collects kind Son, carry out large-scale planting.
- 2. the method for high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described has Machine acid solution, wherein being respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and being：Water 75-82 parts, citric acid 7-9 parts, malic acid 4-6 parts, tartaric acid 3-5 Part, caffeine 1-3 parts.
- 3. the method for high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described egg White matter solution, its compound method are:Fresh soya-bean milk 27-33 parts, corn steep liquor 19-24 parts, fresh milk 12-16 parts are weighed according to quality meter part, total matter is added after mixing 1%-2% protease is measured, 2-3h is digested at a temperature of 28-32 DEG C, then adds gross mass 3%-4% fermenting agent, ferment 24- Protein solution is made in 27h；Wherein described fermenting agent, wherein lactic acid bacteria：Hay bacillus quality proportioning is 2-3:1-2.
- 4. the method for high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described is anti- Protect liquid, wherein vitamin C：Vitamin E：Folic acid quality proportioning is 3:2-3:1, its mass concentration is 11%-14%；Described mutagenesis Agent solution, it is azaserine, mass concentration 1%-2%.
- 5. the method for high temperature resistant high yield leaflet coriander breeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Described temperature Room nursery, its method for culturing seedlings are：Mutagenesis seed is sowed to seedling bed, after planting first 12 days, 27-30 DEG C of temperature, humidity 53%- After 58%, after planting 12 days, temperature is 32-37 DEG C, humidity 65%-70%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110278843A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-27 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures |
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| WO2004066718A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Supaplants Limited | Plant display container |
| CN1886514A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2006-12-27 | 孟山都技术有限公司 | Methods for enhancing stress tolerance in plants |
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