CN107645268A - Low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit - Google Patents

Low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107645268A
CN107645268A CN201710747227.6A CN201710747227A CN107645268A CN 107645268 A CN107645268 A CN 107645268A CN 201710747227 A CN201710747227 A CN 201710747227A CN 107645268 A CN107645268 A CN 107645268A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
resistance
resistor
circuit
electric capacity
drive system
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Pending
Application number
CN201710747227.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
鲁克银
李辉
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Shanghai Huaxi Software Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Huaxi Software Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710747227.6A priority Critical patent/CN107645268A/en
Publication of CN107645268A publication Critical patent/CN107645268A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit, and it includes power supply, external switch, electric capacity precharging circuit, drive system, contactor control circuit, contactor main contacts, wherein:Power supply, it is connected with external switch, is connected with electric capacity precharging circuit, electric capacity precharging circuit is located at below external switch, and it is used to provide power supply etc..The present invention external switch can close all the time during low-speed electronic car routine use; and low-speed electronic vehicle controller can not turn off to it, when the abnormal conditions such as short circuit occur for drive system, system has no ability to actively to cut off forceful electric power power supply is effectively protected to whole driving control system of electric vehicle.

Description

Low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protection circuit, more particularly to a kind of low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit.
Background technology
Existing controller for electric vehicle is not protected in itself for driving electric power system in controller, and battery forceful electric power is direct Controller driving power is given to, because being charged to electric capacity, a very big pulse current can be produced in powered on moment, electricity can be influenceed Holding the life-span can impact to power device simultaneously, and prior art driving power break-make is uncontrollable, when drive system occurred During the dangerous situations such as stream, short circuit, can not in time, effectively it be protected.
In the prior art scheme, power supply is powered by an external switch directly to drive system, this external switch Control manually.In this scenario, power supply is loaded directly into drive system after switch closure, due to drive system median generatrix electric capacity simultaneously Join more, capacitance is larger, can produce a very big peak current in powered on moment, the electric current can influence electrochemical capacitor life With the power device that can be damaged in drive system.
Once external switch closure so drive system will be all the time with the presence of forceful electric power, because in low-speed electronic in existing scheme The external switch closes all the time during car routine use, and low-speed electronic vehicle controller can not turn off to it, work as driving System has no ability to actively cut off forceful electric power power supply to whole driving control system of electric vehicle when the abnormal conditions such as short circuit occur for system Effectively protected.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit, and it can The external switch closes all the time during low-speed electronic car routine use, and low-speed electronic vehicle controller can not close to it Disconnected, when the abnormal conditions such as short circuit occur for drive system, system has no ability to actively to cut off forceful electric power power supply drives to whole electric car Control system is effectively protected.
The present invention is that solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:A kind of low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off Protection circuit, it is characterised in that it includes:
Power supply, it is connected with external switch, is connected with electric capacity precharging circuit, electric capacity precharging circuit is located at below external switch, It is used to provide power supply;
External switch, it is connected with contactor main contacts, it is used to control external power source master switch;
Contactor main contacts, is connected with drive system, and it is used to control drive system;
Drive system, it is connected with contactor control circuit, dc source inversion motor is included inverter circuit institute by it The power device and an electrochemical capacitor needed;
Contactor control circuit, it is connected with contactor main contacts, controller processor starts after electricity on key switch for it Work, adhesive after control contactor main contacts electric capacity in drive system is charged, power supply are given to drive system;
Electric capacity precharging circuit, is connected with drive system, and it is made up of a PTC current limiting safeguard resistor and a diode Capacitor charging circuit, power supply is electrolysed by contactor control circuit to one in drive system after a key switch starts Electric capacity is charged, and PTC current limiting safeguard resistors can limit charging current in circuit.
Preferably, the contactor control circuit includes MCU, first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the one or three pole Pipe, the second electric capacity, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the second triode, PWM controller, optocoupler, contactor coil, the 6th resistance, 7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 3rd triode, the 9th resistance, MCU connect with first resistor, and first resistor and second resistance are simultaneously Connection, second resistance are connected with the first transistor base, and second resistance is connected with the second electric capacity, the first transistor collector and the 3rd Resistance connects, and 3rd resistor is in parallel with first resistor, the first transistor emitter ground connection, second electric capacity other end ground connection, and the 3rd Resistance is connected with the first transistor emitter, the first transistor emitter and the 4th resistant series, the 4th resistance and the two or three pole Pipe is connected, and the second triode is connected with the 5th resistance, the 5th resistance and the 4th resistor coupled in parallel, and the 5th resistance and 3rd resistor are simultaneously Connection, 3rd resistor connects with controller, controller and the 5th resistant series, controller and the pin serial connection of optocoupler the 4th, optocoupler the Three pins are grounded, the pin of optocoupler first and the 6th resistant series, the 6th resistance and the 8th resistor coupled in parallel, the 8th resistance and the three or three Pole pipe is connected, and the 7th resistance is connected with the second triode, optocoupler second pin and the 9th resistant series, the 9th resistance and the 8th electricity Resistance is in parallel, and the 9th resistance is in parallel with contactor coil, and contactor coil is connected with the second triode.
Preferably, the electric capacity precharging circuit includes key switch, diode, the tenth resistance, key switch and diode Series connection, diode and the tenth resistant series.
Preferably, the tenth resistance uses PTC current limiting safeguard resistors.
Preferably, the drive system include the first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the first electric capacity, the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor with The drain electrode connection of second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 source electrode and the first capacitance connection.
Preferably, first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor all use N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The positive effect of the present invention is:The present invention can be realized to the electricity in low-speed electronic automobile driving system Solution electric capacity enters line precharge, driving power supply is given again after electric capacity charging complete, so as to effectively inhibit drive system powered on moment Caused pulse current, improve security when low-speed electronic car starts;The present invention can realize controller MCU to driving electricity The break-make control in source, when the dangerous situations such as excessively stream, short circuit occurs in drive system, controller MCU can be by connecing after detecting Tentaculum cuts off drive system main power source in time, and protection controller ensures traffic safety simultaneously
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Present pre-ferred embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to describe technical scheme in detail.
As shown in figure 1, low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit of the present invention includes power supply, external switch 101, electric capacity Precharging circuit 104, drive system 103, contactor control circuit 105, contactor main contacts 102, wherein:
Power supply, it is connected with external switch 101, is connected with electric capacity precharging circuit 104, electric capacity precharging circuit 104 is positioned at outside The lower section of switch 101, it is used to provide power supply;
External switch 101, it is connected with contactor main contacts 102, it is used to control external power source master switch;
Contactor main contacts 102, it is connected with drive system 103, it is used to control drive system 103;
Drive system 103, it is connected with contactor control circuit 105, dc source inversion motor is included inversion by it Power device needed for circuit and electrochemical capacitor etc.;
Contactor control circuit 105, it is connected with contactor main contacts 102, controller is handled after electricity on key switch for it Device is started working, and adhesive after the electric capacity in drive system 103 of control contactor main contacts 102 is charged, power supply is given to drive Dynamic system 103;
Electric capacity precharging circuit 104, it is connected with drive system 103, it is by a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, thermistor) current limiting safeguard resistor and diode composition capacitor charging circuit, when a key is opened Power supply is charged by contactor control circuit 105 to an electrochemical capacitor in drive system 103 after start or stop is dynamic, in circuit PTC current limiting safeguard resistors can limit charging current.
As shown in Fig. 2 the contactor control circuit 105 includes MCU ((Microcontroller Unit, microcontroller list Member), first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the first triode Q1, the second electric capacity C2, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th Resistance R5, the second triode Q2, PWM controller, optocoupler K4, contactor coil K2, the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7, the 8th Resistance R8, the 3rd triode Q3, the 9th resistance R9, MCU connect with first resistor R1, and first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 is simultaneously Connection, second resistance R2 are connected with the first triode Q1 base stages, and second resistance R2 connects with the second electric capacity C2, the first triode Q1 collection Electrode is connected with 3rd resistor R3, and 3rd resistor R3 is in parallel with first resistor R1, the first triode Q1 grounded emitters, the second electricity Hold C2 other ends ground connection, 3rd resistor R3 is connected with the first triode Q1 emitter stages, the first triode Q1 emitter stages and the 4th electricity R4 series connection is hindered, the 4th resistance R4 is connected with the second triode Q2, and the second triode Q2 is connected with the 5th resistance R5, the 5th resistance R5 In parallel with the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5 is in parallel with 3rd resistor R3, and 3rd resistor R3 connects with PWM controller, PWM controls Device is connected with the 5th resistance R5, PWM controller and the pin serial connections of optocoupler K4 the 4th, the pins of optocoupler K4 the 3rd ground connection, optocoupler K4 the One pin is connected with the 6th resistance R6, and the 6th resistance R6 is in parallel with the 8th resistance R8, and the 8th resistance R8 and the 3rd triode Q3 go here and there Connection, the 7th resistance R7 is connected with the second triode Q2, and optocoupler K4 second pins are connected with the 9th resistance R9, the 9th resistance R9 and the Eight resistance R8 are in parallel, and the 9th resistance R9 is in parallel with contactor coil K2, and contactor coil K2 is connected with the second triode Q2, so Pulse current caused by drive system powered on moment can effectively being inhibited, improve security when low-speed electronic car starts.
The electric capacity precharging circuit 104 includes key switch K3, diode D1, the tenth resistance R10, key switch K3 and two Pole pipe D1 connects, and diode D1 connects with the tenth resistance R10, so improves service life.
The tenth resistance R10 uses PTC current limiting safeguard resistors, so ensures that driving capacitive safety steadily carries out preliminary filling.
The drive system 103 includes the first metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, the first electric capacity C1, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 source Pole is connected with the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 drain electrode, and the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 source electrode is connected with the first electric capacity C1, so protects controller same When ensure traffic safety.
The first metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 are using N-type MOS (metal oxide semiconductor, gold Belong to oxide semiconductor) pipe, so increase electric conductivity.
The operation principle of the present invention is as follows:External switch closes when low-speed electronic car normally waits operation, contactor coil Contactor main contacts one end it is powered, drive system now contactor coil disconnect, non-transformer power supply;When key switch acts When, control drive system obtains electric, contactor control circuit start-up operation;Electrochemical capacitor simultaneously in drive system is pre- by electric capacity Charging circuit is started to charge up, and the tenth resistance in electric capacity precharging circuit can be limited charging current, ensures driving capacitive safety It is steady to carry out preliminary filling;Drive system provides letter after the charging interval set (precharge of electric capacity precharging circuit is completed) is reached Number, contactor control circuit is started working;The sample circuit that now the first triode, the second triode and the 3rd triode are formed Sampling comparison can be carried out to the both end voltage (now the voltage of contactor coil is provided by electric capacity precharging circuit) of contactor coil, And signal is fed back to by PWM controller by optocoupler, PWM controller is by controlling the dutycycle of the second triode by contactor line The voltage difference for enclosing both ends is controlled in+12V;The contactor when the pressure difference at contactor coil both ends reaches rated operational voltage+12V Main contacts adhesive, power supply are loaded into drive system, thus when drive system in electrochemical capacitor shift to an earlier date charging complete, will not There are peak current generation, whole control system clean boot;Control core of the present invention is by contactor control circuit and contact Device main contacts is freely controlled drive system power-on time, so as to by electric capacity precharging circuit to one in drive system Individual Support Capacitor carries out preliminary filling;Contactor coil rated operational voltage is+12V, is given in the present invention by electric capacity precharging circuit Contactor coil high voltage supply, and PWM controller modulation is carried out to it using the characteristic of contactor coil inductive load, it is similar to Switching Power Supply control method, the voltage at contactor coil both ends is controlled in required voltage range, while can be by controlling PWM to control Device processed carrys out the voltage at control contactor coil both ends, so as to control the whether upper electricity of drive system, drive system occur excessively stream or Contactor control circuit and contactor main contacts can turn off the power supply of drive system in time when short circuit, and protection controller is same When ensure electric car driving safety.
The present invention can enter line precharge to the electrochemical capacitor in drive system, and charging, which terminates drive circuit, can just go up electricity, this Sample can effectively control instantaneous large-current caused by electricity in drive system, protect electric capacity and power device, meanwhile, in electric car Drive part power supply can be automatically cut off after electric door lock shut-off, strengthened vehicle and powered off later security.
Particular embodiments described above, technical problem, technical scheme and the beneficial effect of the solution to the present invention are carried out It is further described, should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only of the invention, be not limited to The present invention, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it should be included in this Within the protection domain of invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit, it is characterised in that it includes:
Power supply, it is connected with external switch, is connected with electric capacity precharging circuit, electric capacity precharging circuit is located at below external switch, and it is used In offer power supply;
External switch, it is connected with contactor main contacts, it is used to control external power source master switch;
Contactor main contacts, is connected with drive system, and it is used to control drive system;
Drive system, it is connected with contactor control circuit, it is by dc source inversion motor, comprising needed for inverter circuit Power device and an electrochemical capacitor;
Contactor control circuit, it is connected with contactor main contacts, controller processor is started working after electricity on key switch for it, Adhesive after control contactor main contacts electric capacity in drive system is charged, power supply are given to drive system;
Electric capacity precharging circuit, is connected with drive system, its electric capacity being made up of a PTC current limiting safeguard resistor and a diode Charging circuit, when a key switch starts later power supply by contactor control circuit to an electrochemical capacitor in drive system Charged, PTC current limiting safeguard resistors can limit charging current in circuit.
2. low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the contactor control Circuit include MCU, first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first triode, the second electric capacity, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, Second triode, PWM controller, optocoupler, contactor coil, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance, the 8th resistance, the 3rd triode, Nine resistance, MCU are connected with first resistor, and first resistor is in parallel with second resistance, and second resistance is connected with the first transistor base, Second resistance is connected with the second electric capacity, and the first transistor collector is connected with 3rd resistor, and 3rd resistor is in parallel with first resistor, First transistor emitter is grounded, and second electric capacity other end ground connection, 3rd resistor is connected with the first transistor emitter, and the one or three Pole pipe emitter stage and the 4th resistant series, the 4th resistance are connected with the second triode, and the second triode is connected with the 5th resistance, the Five resistance and the 4th resistor coupled in parallel, the 5th resistance is in parallel with 3rd resistor, and 3rd resistor is connected with controller, controller and the 5th Resistant series, controller and the pin serial connection of optocoupler the 4th, the pin of optocoupler the 3rd ground connection, the pin of optocoupler first and the 6th resistance string Connection, the 6th resistance and the 8th resistor coupled in parallel, the 8th resistance are connected with the 3rd triode, and the 7th resistance is connected with the second triode, Optocoupler second pin and the 9th resistant series, the 9th resistance and the 8th resistor coupled in parallel, the 9th resistance is in parallel with contactor coil, connects Tentaculum coil is connected with the second triode.
3. low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric capacity precharge Road includes key switch, diode, the tenth resistance, key switch and Diode series, diode and the tenth resistant series.
4. low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the tenth resistance is adopted With PTC current limiting safeguard resistors.
5. low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drive system bag The first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the first electric capacity are included, the source electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with the drain electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 source electrode and the first capacitance connection.
6. low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that first metal-oxide-semiconductor, Second metal-oxide-semiconductor all uses N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
CN201710747227.6A 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Low-speed electronic vehicle controller power-off protecting circuit Pending CN107645268A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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CN109802361A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-05-24 无锡美偌科微电子有限公司 Circuit for controlling motor and motor
CN110289660A (en) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-27 武汉洲际电讯科技股份有限公司 Electric control circuit under a kind of communication power supply
WO2024131749A1 (en) * 2022-12-23 2024-06-27 浙江联宜电机有限公司 Control circuit for reducing power-on pulse current and control method therefor

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Cited By (5)

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WO2024131749A1 (en) * 2022-12-23 2024-06-27 浙江联宜电机有限公司 Control circuit for reducing power-on pulse current and control method therefor

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Application publication date: 20180130