CN107643440A - A kind of detection means and its application process of human body line-frequency induction electric current - Google Patents
A kind of detection means and its application process of human body line-frequency induction electric current Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection means and its application process of human body line-frequency induction electric current, detection means includes current acquisition component, signal cable, current signal amplification detection unit and earthing or grounding means, current acquisition component includes upper strata metallic plate, interlayer insulation plate and the lower metal plate of arranged stacked, current signal amplification detection unit includes the Metal shielding shell turned on the shielding cage connection of signal cable, and the precision resistance Rx and AC digital voltmeter for being disposed in parallel with one another and being kept with Metal shielding shell and is dielectrically separated from are provided with Metal shielding shell；Application process includes the line-frequency induction current signal for extracting microampere order under the interference of high-frequency current signal based on aforementioned detection devices.The present invention can extract the power frequency current signal of microampere order under the interference of high-frequency current signal with higher precision, have detection accurately and reliably, be quick on the draw, high resolution, strong antijamming capability, the advantage such as wiring is simple, manufacturing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power project engineering, and in particular to a kind of detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current and its application
Method.
Background technology
High pressure overhead power line can produce electric field in its energized conductor surrounding space, the object in power frequency electric field
（The especially higher object of electrical conductivity, including human body）Tens of to tens of kilovolts of current potential can be produced in the presence of power frequency electric field
Rise.When human body and other objects and the earth keep insulating, in human body part free charge by circuit to body-coupled
Distribution capacity, human body itself, human body are mobile to the earth to the loop that the earth distribution capacity is formed, and are held so as to be produced in inside of human body
Continuous line-frequency induction electric current；When human body keeps contacting with other sensing objects, if the current potential of other sensing objects is higher than
Human-body potential, then the free charge of sensing object couples distribution capacity, human body by circuit to sensing object, human body is to big
The loop that ground distribution capacity is formed produces indirect induced-current in inside of human body and merges generation with the induced-current of human body itself
Total induced-current.Thousands of volts can be produced between human body and the earth or between human body and sensing object under power frequency electric field effect
Potential difference, natural the air gap be present in the contact surface of human body and sensing object or the earth, in the current potential of thousands of volts
Under difference effect, the charge and discharge process to move in circles of " breakdown-blow-out-charging-breakdown " occurs for these the air gaps, according to air
The size in gap, discharge current frequency can reach hundred megahertzs so that a large amount of high fdrequency components are added in human induction current.
Stray capacitance is approximately equivalent to " short circuit " to high frequency electric to human body surface over the ground, and high-frequency current component is easily by people
Body surface forms loop in face of ground stray capacitance, does not pass through inside of human body tissue substantially, therefore the injury to human body is smaller；But human body
Stray capacitance is approximate to power current component equivalent to " open circuit ", the internal resistance in the thousands of Europe of human body to power current component over the ground on surface
Equivalent to " short circuit ", power current component, which will largely pass through the vitals such as inside of human body such as heart, could enter greatly
Ground, therefore injured caused by power current component is possible to human body and be much larger than high fdrequency component.GB/T 13870.1-2008《Electric current
To people and the effect Part I of domestic animal：Common segment》In effect of the power current to human body has been discussed in detail, its recommendation has
Valid value is that 500 μ A power current is the kinetic current threshold value of human body, and virtual value is that 5000 μ A power current is the pendulum of human body
De- current threshold.Therefore detect human body line-frequency induction electric current to ensureing the safety of transmission line of electricity nearby residents with being good for accurate quantitative analysis
Health is most important, also has highly important directive significance to the field strength control design case of transmission line of electricity.
In electrician/electronic technology field, the alternating current for flowing through a certain branch road can be easily detected by alternating current ammeter
Flow virtual value；Or by current transformer gather a certain branch road ac current signal and access oscillograph also can be conveniently
Branch current waveform is observed, the technology that can use for reference the field is used for the detection of human induction current.But in electrician/electronics skill
In art field, the virtual value of microampere order alternating current can detect by alternating current ammeter but the high frequency in induced-current can not be filtered out
Component；The power frequency component of branch current can be gathered by low pass current transformer, but it is poor to detect the other current precision of microampere order.
At present, temporarily it can realize that excluding high-frequency current component disturbs and accurately test power frequency simultaneously without published in correlative technology field
The technical scheme of current component.
In summary, being embodied in the shortcomings that existing method can not be carried under the interference of high-frequency current signal with higher precision
Take out the power frequency current signal of microampere order.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention：For the above mentioned problem of prior art, there is provided a kind of human body line-frequency induction electricity
The detection means and its application process of stream, the present invention can be effectively filtered out under high electric-field intensity environment in human induction current's signal
Because of high-frequency interferencing signal caused by transient state electric shock, while the power frequency current signal of microampere order is amplified, can precise quantification
Detect to flow through the virtual value of human body line-frequency induction electric current, can be extracted under the interference of high-frequency current signal with higher precision
Go out the power frequency current signal of microampere order, have detection accurately and reliably, be quick on the draw, high resolution, strong antijamming capability, wiring letter
The single, advantage such as manufacturing cost is low.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The present invention provides a kind of detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current, including current acquisition component, signal cable, electric current letter
Number amplification detection unit and earthing or grounding means, the current acquisition component include the upper strata for stacking gradually arrangement and being mutually fastenedly connected
Metallic plate, interlayer insulation plate and lower metal plate, the signal cable include the inner core and shielding shell of mutually insulated isolation,
The upper strata metallic plate connects the shielding cage connection of conducting, the lower metal plate and signal cable with the inner core of signal cable
Turn on and be grounded, the current signal amplification detection unit includes the metallic shield turned on the shielding cage connection of signal cable
Shell, the Metal shielding shell is interior to be provided with the precision electricity for being disposed in parallel with one another and being kept with Metal shielding shell and is dielectrically separated from
Rx and AC digital voltmeter are hindered, the inner core connection conducting of the positive terminal and signal cable of the AC digital voltmeter, is born
Extreme son is grounded by the wire with insulation epidermis, earthing or grounding means.
Preferably, between the dielectric constant of the interlayer insulation plate is 3~4, the upper strata metallic plate, interlayer insulation
Plate and lower metal plate stack gradually the dynamic impedance electric capacity Cx of arrangement formation between 100pF~10nF.
Preferably, the resistance of the precision resistance Rx is between 10k Ω~1000k Ω.
Preferably, the upper strata metallic plate and lower metal plate are aluminum plate.
Preferably, the interlayer insulation plate is epoxy resins insulation plate.
Preferably, the upper strata metallic plate, interlayer insulation plate and lower metal plate are square plate.
Preferably, the earthing or grounding means is ground connection copper rod.
The present invention provides a kind of application process of the detection means of foregoing human body line-frequency induction electric current, and implementation steps include：
1）Previously according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx resistance value, existed based on the precision resistance Rx for choosing resistance value
The detection means of the foregoing human body line-frequency induction electric current of the downside mounting arrangements present invention of three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity, and by electric current
Acquisition component is put on the ground；
2）Tester holds sensing object and stands on current acquisition component and keep nature to contact with sensing object；
3）By coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object and through human body and sensing object contact surface
The line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body is flowed into indirectly, by coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object
And through human body and sensing object contact surface flow into indirectly tester's human body high frequency induction current, by ultra-high-tension power transmission line with
The line-frequency induction electric current that coupling distribution capacity C2 between tester directly passes into tester's human body amounts to three current distributings
The line-frequency induction electric current of human body is come together on the metallic plate of upper strata after tested, and the coupling distribution capacity C1 is through human body with being induced
The induced-current that object contact surface flows into tester's human body indirectly contains power frequency component and high fdrequency component, the coupling distribution capacity C2
Directly the induced-current of tester's human body is passed into based on power frequency component；
4）The direct-to-ground capacitance Cx of current acquisition component is straight by most of high-frequency current component for the approximation " short circuit " of high frequency electric
Connected direct-to-ground capacitance Cx introducings the earth while power current component is then successively by signal cable, current signal amplification detection
Unit and earthing or grounding means introduce the earth, and transmission line of electricity is back to eventually through three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity neutral point；
5）The electric current flowed through is converted to both end voltage signal and amplified by precision resistance Rx, and the voltage signal at both ends passes through with exhausted
The annealed copper wire of edge epidermis is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrode terminal of AC digital voltmeter, detects to hand over by AC digital voltmeter
Flow voltage effective value UxAnd display output；
6）According to precision resistance Rx resistance value, by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the line-frequency induction for flowing through tester's human body
The virtual value I of electric currentx。
Preferably, step 1）The specific steps of the middle resistance value according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx include：
1.1）Sensing object is connected with alternating-current digital ampere meter positive terminal, by alternating-current digital ampere meter negative terminal with connecing
Ground device connection, reads sensing object short circuit current virtual value；
1.2）Precision resistance Rx resistance value is selected according to sensing object short circuit current virtual value：When sensing object short circuit electricity
When current test value is less than 0.1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 1000k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current is tested
Be worth for 0.1~1mA when, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 100k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current test value is more than
During 1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω.
Preferably, step 5）It is middle by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the line-frequency induction electric current that flows through tester's human body
Virtual value IxWhen, if selection precision resistance Rx resistance value is 1000k Ω, flow through the line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body
Virtual value Ix size be Ux；If the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 100k Ω, the work of tester's human body is flowed through
Frequently faradic virtual value Ix size is 10 × Ux；If the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω, survey is flowed through
The virtual value Ix of the line-frequency induction electric current of examination person's human body size is 100 × Ux, wherein UxFor AC digital voltmeter（32）It is defeated
The alternating voltage virtual value gone out.
The detection means tool of human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present invention has the advantage that：Human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present invention
Detection means can precisely amplify from high frequency, power frequency hybrid current and gather the other power frequency current signal of microampere order, above-mentioned inspection
The big I of power current virtual value measured by survey device provides accurate, quantitative for the safety evaluatio of human body under strong power frequency electric field
Data reference, can effectively filter out under high electric-field intensity environment in human induction current's signal because of high frequency caused by transient state electric shock
Interference signal, while the power frequency current signal of microampere order is amplified, it can detect to flow through human body power frequency sense precise quantification
The virtual value of induced current, the power current that can extract microampere order with higher precision under the interference of high-frequency current signal are believed
Number, there is strong antijamming capability, detection accurate, high resolution, the advantage such as easy to carry, manufacturing cost is low.
The application process of the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present invention is human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present invention
The application of detection means, it can precisely amplify from high frequency, power frequency hybrid current and gather the other power frequency current signal of microampere order,
The big I of power current virtual value measured by above-mentioned detection method provides standard for the safety evaluatio of human body under strong power frequency electric field
Really, quantitative data reference, it can effectively filter out and be produced under high electric-field intensity environment in human induction current's signal because transient state shocks by electricity
Raw high-frequency interferencing signal, while the power frequency current signal of microampere order is amplified, it can detect to flow through people precise quantification
The virtual value of body line-frequency induction electric current, the work of microampere order can be extracted with higher precision under the interference of high-frequency current signal
Frequency current signal, there is strong antijamming capability, detect accurate, high resolution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the application principle schematic diagram of detection means of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of detection means of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the basic procedure schematic diagram of application process of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 flows through human body total current test waveform for what the embodiment of the present invention obtained.
Fig. 5 flows through human body line-frequency induction testing current waveform for what the embodiment of the present invention obtained.
Embodiment
To be as the metallic framework umbrella immediately below 500kV compact transmission lines using sensed charged object hereafter
Example, the detection means and its application process of the human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present invention are further elaborated.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the detection means of the human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present embodiment include current acquisition component 1,
Signal cable 2, current signal amplification detection unit 3 and earthing or grounding means 4, current acquisition component 1 include stacking gradually arrangement and phase
Upper strata metallic plate 11, interlayer insulation plate 12 and the lower metal plate 13 being mutually fastenedly connected, signal cable 2 include mutually insulated every
From inner core and shielding shell, it is electric that upper strata metallic plate 11 connect conducting, lower metal plate 13 and signal with the inner core of signal cable 2
The shielding cage connection of cable 2 is turned on and is grounded, and current signal amplification detection unit 3 includes connecting with the shielding shell of signal cable 2
The Metal shielding shell 31 of conducting is connect, is provided with Metal shielding shell 31 and is disposed in parallel with one another and is protected with Metal shielding shell 31
Hold the precision resistance Rx and AC digital voltmeter 32 being dielectrically separated from, the positive terminal and signal cable of AC digital voltmeter 32
2 inner core connection is turned on, negative terminal is grounded by wire 321, earthing or grounding means 4 with insulation epidermis.In Fig. 1, C1 is represented
Coupling distribution capacity between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object, C2 represent the coupling point between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and human body
Cloth electric capacity, C3 represent the distribution capacity over the ground of sensed charged object, and C4 represents human body equivalent circuit（Without standard measure, therefore adopt
Represented with black-box model）, C5 represents human body and sensing object contact surface equivalent circuit（Without standard measure, therefore use black box mould
Type represents）, the equivalent capacitance over the ground of Cx expression electric current aggregating apparatus, the precision resistance of Rx expression current-amplifying devices.It is worth note
Anticipate, all lumped capacity parameters in Fig. 1 only express the equivalent electric characteristic of the system in principle, and not representing this is
The actual loop of system.
As shown in Fig. 2 current acquisition component 1 include stack gradually arrangement and be mutually fastenedly connected upper strata metallic plate 11,
Interlayer insulation plate 12 and lower metal plate 13, upper strata metallic plate 11, interlayer insulation plate 12 and the three of lower metal plate 13 are led to
The fastened by screw combination for crossing corner forms equivalent capacitance Cx, while doubles as mechanical support structure.The dielectric of interlayer insulation plate 12
Constant is generally between 3~4, and in the present embodiment, the dielectric constant of interlayer insulation plate 12 is 4, upper strata metallic plate 11, intermediate layer
Insulation board 12 and lower metal plate 13 stack gradually the dynamic impedance electric capacity Cx of arrangement formation between 100pF~10nF.
Upper strata metallic plate 11 and lower metal plate 13 are aluminum plate.In the present embodiment, interlayer insulation plate 12 is epoxy resins insulation
Plate.Upper strata metallic plate 11, interlayer insulation plate 12 and lower metal plate 13 are square plate, specific thickness 2.5mm, upper strata metal
Plate 11 and the area of lower metal plate 13 are 336mm × 336mm,
In the present embodiment, precision resistance Rx resistance is between 10k Ω~1000k Ω.
In the present embodiment, AC digital voltmeter 32 is using Fluke digital multimeter exchange mA shelves.
In the present embodiment, earthing or grounding means 4 is ground connection copper rod.
The operation principle of the detection means of the human body line-frequency induction electric current of the present embodiment is as follows：Tester stands on electric current and adopted
Collect on the upper strata aluminum metal sheets of component 1, keep nature to contact with sensed charged object, referring to Fig. 1, pass through high voltage transmission line
Distribution capacity C1 is coupled between road and sensing object（Dynamic impedance）And flowed indirectly through human body and sensing object contact surface
Enter the line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body, by coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object（It is equivalent
Lumped parameter）And the high frequency induction current of tester's human body is flowed into indirectly through human body and sensing object contact surface, passes through high pressure
Coupling distribution capacity C2 between transmission line of electricity and tester（Dynamic impedance）Directly pass into the power frequency of tester's human body
The line-frequency induction electric current that induced-current amounts to three current distributings human body after tested is come together on upper strata metallic plate 11, coupling point
The induced-current that cloth electric capacity C1 flows into tester's human body through human body and sensing object contact surface indirectly contains power frequency component and high frequency
Component, coupling distribution capacity C2 directly pass into the induced-current of tester's human body based on power frequency component, current acquisition group
The direct-to-ground capacitance Cx of part 1（Dynamic impedance）Can be direct by most of high-frequency current component for high frequency electric approximate " short circuit "
The earth, precision resistance Rx of the power current component then through overcurrent signal amplification detection unit 3 are introduced by Cx（Lumped parameter member
Part）Gathered by Rx simultaneously into the earth and converted and be enlarged into the voltage signal of suitable size and detected for AC digital voltmeter 32
And display, therefore can precisely amplify from high frequency, power frequency hybrid current and gather the other power frequency current signal of microampere order, have
The advantages such as strong antijamming capability, detection are accurate, high resolution, easy to carry, manufacturing cost is low, measured by above-mentioned detection device
The big I of power current virtual value provides accurate, quantitative data reference for the safety evaluatio of human body under strong power frequency electric field.
Referring to Fig. 1, for the present embodiment in test process, ultra-high-tension power transmission line passes through the coupling between circuit and sensing object
Electric capacity C11, C12, C13, human body and sensing object contact surface, the loop that tester's human body is formed in itself and greatly is by one
Divide induced-current indirect transfer to human body；In the process, because the contact surface between human body and sensing object is present largely
Minimum the air gap, induced-current can not by effective contact point but human body is passed into by contact gap electric capacity, this
Breakdown-blow-out-charging-breakdown constantly occurs in the presence of human body and sensing object potential difference for slightly small the air gap
Charge and discharge process（That is transient state shock phenomenon）, cause to be doped with substantial amounts of high fdrequency component in induced-current；These high fdrequency components
By human body, stray capacitance and inside of human body tissue import electric current aggregating apparatus 1 to electric current over the ground respectively with indirect line-frequency induction electric current
Upper strata aluminum metal sheets 11；In addition, ultra-high-tension power transmission line is by coupled capacitor C21, C22, C23 between circuit and tester,
Another part induced-current is transferred directly to human body by the loop that tester's human body is formed in itself and greatly, passes through inside of human body
Tissue imports the upper strata aluminum metal sheets 11 of electric current aggregating apparatus 1；Therefore, the upper strata aluminum metal sheets 11 of electric current aggregating apparatus 1 is converged
The three parts component including direct line-frequency induction electric current, indirect line-frequency induction electric current and high frequency transient shock current is collected.
By rationally designing upper strata aluminum metal sheets 11, the area of lower floor's aluminum metal sheets 13 and intermediate layer epoxy resins insulation plate 12
The parameters such as thickness, dielectric constant, you can the numerical value for the equivalent capacitance Cx that adjustment electric current aggregating apparatus is formed so that equivalent capacitance Cx
Most high fdrequency components " short circuit " in three parts electric current are introduced to the earth afterwards；It is smart in current-amplifying device 2 by rationally setting
Cipher telegram hinders Rx 22 numerical value, the power current component of remaining microampere order precisely can be converted and be enlarged into the voltage of suitable size
Signal is detected and shown for AC digital voltmeter 32.Equivalent capacitance Cx and precision resistance the Rx equivalent circuit in parallel formed with
C1, C2, human body and sensing object contact gap equivalent circuit, the equivalent circuit of tester's human body are series relationship, only to entering
Ground total current is sieved, because the equivalent impedance and the equivalent impedance of system coupled capacitor C1, C2 of Cx compositions in parallel with Rx are deposited
In the difference of the order of magnitude, and change the general flow direction of electric current, thus equivalent capacitance Cx and precision resistance Rx seal in it is basic
Original system structure electric parameter will not be changed, will not also change substantially accordingly flow through the true power current component of human body amplitude and
Phase.
Referring to Fig. 3, the implementation steps of the application process of the detection means of the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current include：
1）Previously according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx resistance value, existed based on the precision resistance Rx for choosing resistance value
The detection means of the human body line-frequency induction electric current of downside mounting arrangements the present embodiment of three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity, and electric current is adopted
Collection component 1 is put on the ground；
2）Tester holds sensing object and stands on current acquisition component 1 and keep nature to contact with sensing object；
3）Referring to Fig. 1, by coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object（Dynamic impedance）And pass through
Human body flows into the line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body with sensing object contact surface indirectly, by ultra-high-tension power transmission line with being felt
Answer and distribution capacity C1 is coupled between object（Dynamic impedance）And tester is flowed into indirectly through human body and sensing object contact surface
The high frequency induction current of human body, pass through the coupling distribution capacity C2 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and tester（Dynamic impedance）Directly
Connect and pass into the line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body and amount to the line-frequency induction electric current of three current distributings human body after tested
Come together on upper strata metallic plate 11, coupling distribution capacity C1 flows into tester's human body indirectly through human body and sensing object contact surface
Induced-current contain power frequency component and high fdrequency component, coupling distribution capacity C2 directly passes into the induced-current of tester's human body
Based on power frequency component；
4）Current acquisition component（1）Direct-to-ground capacitance Cx for high frequency electric approximation " short circuit " by most of high-frequency current component
The earth is directly introduced by direct-to-ground capacitance Cx while power current component is then successively by signal cable 2, current signal amplification inspection
Survey unit 3 and earthing or grounding means 4 introduces the earth, transmission line of electricity is back to eventually through three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity neutral point；
5）The electric current flowed through is converted to both end voltage signal and amplified by precision resistance Rx, and the voltage signal at both ends passes through with exhausted
The annealed copper wire of edge epidermis is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrode terminal of AC digital voltmeter 32, is detected by AC digital voltmeter 32
Go out alternating voltage virtual value UxAnd display output；
6）According to precision resistance Rx resistance value, by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the line-frequency induction for flowing through tester's human body
The virtual value I of electric currentx。
It should be noted that dynamic impedance can be understood generally as equivalent parameters.The three-phase of ultra-high-tension power transmission line and people
Between body, ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object（Such as the umbrella of metallic framework）Between countless spuious distribution electricity be present
Hold, these electric capacity can not be quantified and calculated, or even carry out all bad description of qualitative analysis.In view of transmission line of electricity, metal bone
The umbrella of frame is metal object, and after being divided into some, the current potential of its each several part is all equal, and this is consolidating for metal
There is characteristic；Human body is not metal, but actually on human body surface each several part current potential difference it is little, it is approximate that human body surface is each
Part is also possible as equipotential.Under above-mentioned hypothesis, certain phase conductor of transmission line of electricity, the umbrella of metallic framework, human body
The node of 3 different potentials in circuit can be directly equivalent to, the electric capacity between these nodes is exactly so-called lumped parameter electric capacity.
Due to the detection of the present apparatus be not rely on the above it is assumed that so test result is not approximate, but accurately.
Referring to Fig. 3, step 1）The specific steps of the middle resistance value according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx include：
1.1）Sensing object is connected with alternating-current digital ampere meter positive terminal, by alternating-current digital ampere meter negative terminal with connecing
Ground device connection, reads sensing object short circuit current virtual value；
1.2）Precision resistance Rx resistance value is selected according to sensing object short circuit current virtual value：When sensing object short circuit electricity
When current test value is less than 0.1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 1000k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current is tested
Be worth for 0.1~1mA when, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 100k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current test value is more than
During 1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω.
In the present embodiment, step 5）It is middle by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the line-frequency induction electricity for flowing through tester's human body
The virtual value I of streamxWhen, if selection precision resistance Rx resistance value is 1000k Ω, flow through the line-frequency induction of tester's human body
The virtual value Ix of electric current size is Ux；If the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 100k Ω, tester's human body is flowed through
The virtual value Ix size of line-frequency induction electric current be 10 × Ux；If the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω, flow
The virtual value Ix of the line-frequency induction electric current of human body size is 100 × Ux, wherein U after testedxFor AC digital voltmeter
（32）The alternating voltage virtual value of output.
In the present embodiment, it is sensed as the test of AC digital voltmeter 32 that mA shelves are exchanged using Fluke digital multimeter
Object short circuit current, it is 0.124mA to measure sensing object short circuit current virtual value, i.e. 124 μ A；Select precision resistance Rx electricity
Resistance is the k Ω of Rx=100；In the present embodiment, the display data of AC digital voltmeter 32 is Ux=15.63V, therefore actual stream
Line-frequency induction testing current value after tested（Virtual value）For Ix=103×Ux/Rx=103×15.63/100=156.3μA.Thus
It can be seen that the detection means and its application process of the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current can overcome high frequency electric disturb and it is accurate
Gather power frequency current signal, have accurately and reliably, be quick on the draw, high resolution the advantages of.
To verify the detection performance of the detection means of the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current, the present embodiment has carried out electric current
Signal amplifying apparatus output signal compares test：
S1）The anode and cathode terminals of current signal amplification detection unit 3 are short-circuit, by wideband current transformer chuck in insulation meter
On the annealed copper wire 321 of skin, flowed through when not accessing the detection means of the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current by oscillograph collection
The original current signal waveform of human body total current, as shown in figure 4, due to the influence of human induction current's high-frequency current component,
Original current signal waveform contains a large amount of disturbing high frequency components, i.e., occurs on waveform a large amount of " burrs "；
S2）According to abovementioned steps 1）With 2）The detection means of normal access the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current, electric current is believed
The signal of the positive terminal of number amplification detection unit 3 passes through voltage probe and accesses oscillograph, gathers the present embodiment human body power frequency sense
The waveform voltage signal of the detection means positive terminal of induced current, actual line-frequency induction current waveform is reduced into by multiplication factor,
As shown in figure 5, it is compared with Fig. 4, it is possible to find Fig. 5 is standard sine line-frequency induction current waveform, high in human induction current
Frequency current component is substantially achieved elimination；
S3）The data gathered according to oscillograph carry out subsequent analysis, and the virtual value that Fig. 4 corresponds to waveform is 744.2 μ A, much larger than sense
The μ A of numerical value 156.3 that induced current detection means measures, the virtual value that Fig. 5 corresponds to waveform is 156.1 μ A, with the present embodiment human body work
Frequently the μ A of numerical value 156.3 that faradic detection means measures are basically identical.
By checking, the detection means of the present embodiment human body line-frequency induction electric current can be eliminated effectively in human induction current
High-frequency current component, realization can be effectively filtered out and produced under high electric-field intensity environment in human induction current's signal because transient state shocks by electricity
High-frequency interferencing signal, while the power frequency current signal of microampere order is amplified, can detect to flow through human body precise quantification
The virtual value of line-frequency induction electric current, there is detect accurate, high resolution, strong antijamming capability, wiring is simple, manufacturing cost is low etc.
Advantage.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current, it is characterised in that：Including current acquisition component（1）, signal cable （2）, current signal amplification detection unit（3）And earthing or grounding means（4）, the current acquisition component（1）Including stacking gradually arrangement And the upper strata metallic plate being mutually fastenedly connected（11）, interlayer insulation plate（12）With lower metal plate（13）, the signal cable （2）Inner core and shielding shell including mutually insulated isolation, the upper strata metallic plate（11）And signal cable（2）Inner core connection Conducting, the lower metal plate（13）And signal cable（2）Shielding cage connection turn on and be grounded, current signal amplification Detection unit（3）Including with signal cable（2）Shielding cage connection conducting Metal shielding shell（31）, the metallic shield Shell（31）Interior be provided with is disposed in parallel with one another and and Metal shielding shell（31）Keep precision resistance Rx and the friendship being dielectrically separated from Streaming digital voltmeter（32）, the AC digital voltmeter（32）Positive terminal and signal cable（2）Inner core connection conducting, Negative terminal passes through the wire with insulation epidermis（321）, earthing or grounding means（4）Ground connection.
- 2. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The interlayer insulation Plate（12）Dielectric constant be 3~4 between, the upper strata metallic plate（11）, interlayer insulation plate（12）With lower metal plate （13）The dynamic impedance electric capacity Cx of arrangement formation is stacked gradually between 100pF~10nF.
- 3. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The precision resistance Rx Resistance between 10k Ω~1000k Ω.
- 4. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper strata metallic plate （11）With lower metal plate（13）It is aluminum plate.
- 5. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The interlayer insulation Plate（12）For epoxy resins insulation plate.
- 6. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper strata metallic plate （11）, interlayer insulation plate（12）With lower metal plate（13）It is square plate.
- 7. the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The earthing or grounding means （4）To be grounded copper rod.
- 8. a kind of application process of the detection means of the human body line-frequency induction electric current in claim 1~7 described in any one, its It is characterised by that implementation steps include：1）Previously according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx resistance value, existed based on the precision resistance Rx for choosing resistance value Human body line-frequency induction electric current in the downside mounting arrangements claim 1~6 of three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity described in any one Detection means, and by current acquisition component（1）Put on the ground；2）Tester holds sensing object and stands on current acquisition component（1）Above and with sensing object nature is kept to contact；3）By coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object and through human body and sensing object contact surface The line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body is flowed into indirectly, by coupling distribution capacity C1 between ultra-high-tension power transmission line and sensing object And through human body and sensing object contact surface flow into indirectly tester's human body high frequency induction current, by ultra-high-tension power transmission line with The line-frequency induction electric current that coupling distribution capacity C2 between tester directly passes into tester's human body amounts to three current distributings The line-frequency induction electric current of human body comes together in upper strata metallic plate after tested（11）On, the coupling distribution capacity C1 is through human body and quilt The induced-current that sense object contact surface flows into tester's human body indirectly contains power frequency component and high fdrequency component, the coupling distribution electricity Hold C2 and directly pass into the induced-current of tester's human body based on power frequency component；4）Current acquisition component（1）Direct-to-ground capacitance Cx for high frequency electric approximation " short circuit " by most of high-frequency current component The earth is directly introduced by direct-to-ground capacitance Cx while power current component then passes through signal cable successively（2）, current signal amplification Detection unit（3）And earthing or grounding means（4）The earth is introduced, power transmission line is back to eventually through three-phase high-voltage transmission line of electricity neutral point Road；5）The electric current flowed through is converted to both end voltage signal and amplified by precision resistance Rx, and the voltage signal at both ends passes through with exhausted The annealed copper wire of edge epidermis is respectively connected to AC digital voltmeter（32）Positive and negative electrode terminal, pass through AC digital voltmeter（32） Detect alternating voltage virtual value UxAnd display output；6）According to precision resistance Rx resistance value, by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the line-frequency induction for flowing through tester's human body The virtual value I of electric currentx。
- 9. the application process of the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step 1）The specific steps of the middle resistance value according to sensing object selection precision resistance Rx include：1.1）Sensing object is connected with alternating-current digital ampere meter positive terminal, by alternating-current digital ampere meter negative terminal with connecing Ground device connection, reads sensing object short circuit current virtual value；1.2）Precision resistance Rx resistance value is selected according to sensing object short circuit current virtual value：When sensing object short circuit electricity When current test value is less than 0.1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 1000k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current is tested Be worth for 0.1~1mA when, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 100k Ω；When sensing object short circuit current test value is more than During 1mA, the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω.
- 10. the application process of the detection means of human body line-frequency induction electric current according to claim 9, it is characterised in that step Rapid 5）It is middle by alternating voltage virtual value UxIt is scaled the virtual value I for the line-frequency induction electric current for flowing through tester's human bodyxWhen, if choosing The resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 1000k Ω, then flows through the virtual value Ix of the line-frequency induction electric current of tester's human body size For Ux；If selection precision resistance Rx resistance value is 100k Ω, flow through tester's human body line-frequency induction electric current it is effective Value Ix size is 10 × Ux；If the resistance value for selecting precision resistance Rx is 10k Ω, the power frequency sense of tester's human body is flowed through The virtual value Ix of induced current size is 100 × Ux, wherein UxFor AC digital voltmeter（32）The alternating voltage of output is effective Value.
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| CN116008626A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-04-25 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method, system and device for testing induced electric shock current of human body |
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