CN1076430C - 热量回收式燃气轮机转子 - Google Patents

热量回收式燃气轮机转子 Download PDF

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CN1076430C
CN1076430C CN96191589A CN96191589A CN1076430C CN 1076430 C CN1076430 C CN 1076430C CN 96191589 A CN96191589 A CN 96191589A CN 96191589 A CN96191589 A CN 96191589A CN 1076430 C CN1076430 C CN 1076430C
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blade
cavity
cooling
passage
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CN1169174A (zh
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末永洁
笠井刚州
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
    • F01D5/084—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades the fluid circulating at the periphery of a multistage rotor, e.g. of drum type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F01D5/085—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means cooling fluid circulating inside the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after cooling one or more components is the cooling fluid recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/232—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium
    • F05D2260/2322—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium steam

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有多级动叶的热量回收式燃气轮机转子上包括有：级间内侧与外侧空腔；中间各级U型叶片冷却流路；穿过各级的冷却蒸汽供给通路；第一级轮盘中设有分支路，分别连接冷却蒸汽供给通路、叶片冷却流路、外侧空腔、叶片中回路；内侧空腔连接通路；设于最后一级中的返回通路；中间各级叶片冷却流路与相邻外侧空腔的叶片连接通路；最后一级相邻外侧空腔与内侧空腔间的空腔间通路。

Description

热量回收式燃气轮机转子
本发明涉及适用于综合成套设备等工业用高温燃气轮机叶片冷却的热量回收式燃气轮机转子。
现有的燃气轮机动叶的冷却有靠空气冷却与蒸汽冷却的热量回收式。
空气冷却式如图4所示，在各个涡轮盘12间设有空腔8a；同时，设有空腔连接通路20，用以连接空腔8a间与第1级涡轮盘前方。
冷却空气14从各级动叶1～4的前缘供入，冷却动叶之后，从后缘15排入涡轮内。
蒸汽冷却回收式如图3所示，从转子5的第4级动叶4的后方到第1级动叶1的前缘设有冷却蒸汽供给通路13。同时各涡轮盘12之间设有空腔8a。另外，设有从第4级动叶4的涡轮盘的空腔8a，通过涡轮盘向后方离开的返回通路11。
还有在第1级动叶1到第3级动叶3上，从冷却蒸汽供给通路13的前端，经过涡轮盘，设有叶片冷却流路6与通过空腔8a的串连流路。
这样，冷却蒸汽从冷却蒸汽供给通路13依次冷却第1级动叶1至第3级动叶3后，经返回通路11返回。
上述现有空气冷却式燃气轮机冷动叶片中，利用压缩机排出的空气进行冷却，冷却媒体(空气)排入涡轮内。但是，在工业用大容量燃气轮机中，和蒸汽涡轮的综合循环是主流，利用蒸汽进行冷却，而且通过依靠蒸气循环活用冷却中获取的热量，可望得到较好成套设备的效率。
另外，在依靠一***串连的蒸汽冷却的回收方式中，后阶段的蒸汽温度升得过高，存在后阶段的动叶得不到充分冷却的问题。
因而，本发明的目的就是要解决上述这些问题。
在具有备涡轮盘上安装着多级动叶的热量回收式燃气轮机转子中设有：在上述各涡轮盘间设置的内侧空腔与外侧空腔；从最后一级以外的上述各动叶的根部出来，在顶端部按U型转弯的叶片冷却流路；设于从上述燃气涡轮转子最后一级动叶后方到最前一级动叶前缘间的冷却蒸汽供给通路；设于最前一级上述涡轮盘上，基端连通上述冷却蒸汽供给通路，而其顶端分支，其中一分支连通上述叶片冷却流路的一方、而另一分支连通相邻的上述外侧空腔的分支路；设于最前一级的上述涡轮盘上，基端连通上述叶片冷却流路的另一边，顶端连通相邻的上述内侧空腔的叶片回路；连接上述各内侧空腔间的空腔连接通路；从上述最后一级动叶内侧空腔，沿上述冷却蒸汽供给通路设备的返回通路；设于上述最前一级与最后一级涡轮盘以外的各涡轮盘上，连接上述叶片冷却流路及相邻的外侧空腔间的叶片连接通路；连接上述最后一级的相邻的外侧空腔与内侧空腔间的空腔间通路。
上述结构中，从冷却蒸汽供给通路供给的蒸汽经过分支路的一支，通过最前一级动叶的叶片冷却流路、冷却该叶片之后，经过叶片回路、内侧空腔与空腔连接通路以及返回通路返回。从而，热负荷最大的最前一级动叶得到充分冷却。
另一方面，第2级动叶以后，经分支路的另一支、外侧空腔与叶片连接通路，通过各动叶的叶片冷却流路，依次冷却各动叶之后，经最后一级动叶的外侧空腔、内侧空腔及返回通路返回。
这样，在热负荷稍小的第2级动叶以后，由与前者不同的***的冷却蒸汽进行冷却。因此，通过取最适当的分支路的分流比，可几乎相同地设定维持最前一级与最后一级的前一级的动叶温度。而且，返回的蒸汽还可用于热回收的其他场合。
图面简单说明
图1是本发明一实施例断面图；图2是该实施例作用说明图；图3是现有实施例断面图；图4是其他现有实施例断面图。
实施发明最佳形态
借图1～2说明本发明的一实施形态
在图1上，在高温涡轮转子5的各涡轮盘12上装有第1～第4级动叶4。
在各涡轮盘12间设有内侧空腔9与外侧空腔8。
在第4级动叶以外的各动叶1～3中，从叶片根部到顶端设有U型转弯叶片冷却流路6。
从转子5的第4级动叶4的后方到第1级动叶1的前缘之间设有冷却蒸汽供给通路13。
分支路16设于第1级动叶1的涡轮盘12中，其基端连通冷却蒸汽供给通路13的顶端，同时在其顶端又分为两分支，其中的一支16a与叶片冷却流路6的一个流路相连通，另一支16b与相邻的外侧空腔8相连通。另外，叶片中回路17设于第1级动叶1的涡轮盘12中，其基端连通叶片冷却流路6的另外一端，而其顶端与相邻的内侧空腔9相连通。
空腔连接通路20与轴向并列的内侧空腔9连接。另外，从第4级动叶4(前方)的内侧空腔9沿冷却蒸汽供给通路13且朝后方地设置有返回通路11。
叶片连接通路18设于第1级动叶1与第4级动叶4的涡轮盘12以外的各涡轮盘上，连接于叶片冷却流路6与相邻的外侧空腔8间。另外，空腔间通路19连接于第4级动叶4(前方)的相邻的外侧空腔8与内侧空腔9之间。
以冷却蒸汽供给通路13供给的蒸汽经过分支路16的一分支16a，通过最前边一级动叶1的叶片冷却流路6冷却其叶片之后，再经过叶片回路17、内侧空腔9、空腔连接通路20、以及返回通路11返回。从而，热负荷最大的最前一级动叶1得到充分冷却。
而对于第2级与第3级动叶，冷却介质经过分支路16的另外一分支16b、外侧空腔8与叶片连接通路18，通过各动叶的叶片冷却通路6，依次冷却各动叶后，再经过最后一级动叶4(前方)的外侧空腔8、内侧空腔9以及返回通路11返回。
这样，在热负荷稍低的第2级动叶之后，由与前边不同的***的冷却蒸汽进行冷却。因此，通过最适当地设定各分支路的分流比，可将最前边一级与最后一级的前一个动叶温度维持大致一样的设定值。
各级冷却蒸汽温度的关系以实线与点划线表示于图2上。图中实线表示通过分支16a的***；点划线表示通过分支16b的***。另外，虚线表示象图3所示的现有技术例那样作为一个***的场合。由该图2可以看出，在做成如上两***的本实施例的情况下，各支叶1～3与4的蒸汽温度均能维持在涡轮盘寿命临界温度以下。
如依照以上所述的本发明，由于设了两个***的蒸汽冷却流路，可对多级动叶与各涡轮盘进行有效的蒸汽冷却，可以避免涡轮盘材料出现蠕变损坏等的危险，可以实现可靠性很高的热量回收式蒸汽冷却。从而，可将其应用于成套设备等的工业用高温涡轮叶片的冷却。

Claims (1)

1.一种热量回收式燃气轮机转子，在各级涡轮盘上装有多级动叶，其特征在于，它包括：在上述各涡轮盘间设置的内侧空腔与外侧空腔；从最后一级以外的上述各动叶的根部出来，在顶端U型转弯的叶片冷却流路；从上述燃气涡轮转子的最后一级动叶后方到最前一级动叶前缘间设置的冷却蒸汽供给通路；设置于最前一级的上述涡轮盘上，基端连通上述冷却蒸汽供给通路，同时，顶端分支，其中一分支连通上述叶片冷却流路的一边，另一分支连通相邻的上述外侧空腔的分支路；设置于最前端的上述涡轮盘上，基端连通上述叶片冷却流路的另一边，顶端连通相邻的上述内侧空腔的叶片回路；连接于上述各内侧空腔间的空腔连接通路；从上述最后一级动叶的内侧空腔、沿上述冷却蒸汽供给通路设置的返回通路；设置于上述最前一级和最后一级涡轮盘以外的各涡轮盘上、连接于上述叶片冷却流路与相邻的外侧空腔间的叶片连接通路；连接于上述最后一级相邻的外侧空腔与内侧空腔间的空腔间通路。
CN96191589A 1995-11-24 1996-11-21 热量回收式燃气轮机转子 Expired - Fee Related CN1076430C (zh)

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JP30566895A JP3448145B2 (ja) 1995-11-24 1995-11-24 熱回収式ガスタービンロータ
JP305668/95 1995-11-24
JP305668/1995 1995-11-24

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US (1) US5795130A (zh)
EP (1) EP0806544B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3448145B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100248648B1 (zh)
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CA (1) CA2209850C (zh)
DE (1) DE69626382T2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997019256A1 (zh)

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EP0806544B1 (en) 2003-02-26
EP0806544A4 (en) 1999-11-03
CA2209850C (en) 2000-02-01
CN1169174A (zh) 1997-12-31
EP0806544A1 (en) 1997-11-12
DE69626382D1 (de) 2003-04-03
JPH09144501A (ja) 1997-06-03
US5795130A (en) 1998-08-18
JP3448145B2 (ja) 2003-09-16
DE69626382T2 (de) 2003-12-11
WO1997019256A1 (fr) 1997-05-29
KR19980701610A (ko) 1998-06-25
KR100248648B1 (ko) 2000-04-01
CA2209850A1 (en) 1997-05-29

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