CN107634672B - Four level converters of one kind and its control method - Google Patents
Four level converters of one kind and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
For shortcoming existing for existing multi-level converter, the present invention relates to a kind of novel four level converters, the converter is three-phase common bus structure, every phase only needs the voltage class of 6 IGBT power modules and i.e. exportable four level of 2 striding capacitances, and the midpoint potential of control DC bus side is not needed, compared with existing four level converter, the converter does not need clamp diode, and there is less switching tube and striding capacitance, device overall structure is simpler, it is easily controllable, it is suitable for mesolow high power density occasion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power electronics fields, are related to a kind of novel four level converter.
Background technique
In recent years, energy transformation demand growing in world wide promotes electronic power switch device to manufacture skill
The continuous renewal and development of art and converters topological structure.Researchers at home and abroad are opened up for multi-level converter
It flutters structure design, modulation strategy research, control system optimization and application technology etc. go deep into extensively, become
One of research hotspot.
Multi-level converter can be fitted because of its voltage output ability, lower switch stress and electromagnetic interference with higher
For mesohigh large-power occasions, such as micro-capacitance sensor, motor driven, distributed generation system etc..Meanwhile multi-level converter
With lower switching loss and preferable power quality, heat dissipation and the requirement of filter are reduced, is applicable to low pressure Gao Gong
The occasions such as rate density occasion, such as aerospace, electric car and renewable energy, system it is small in size, it is light-weight.
Currently, industrially widely used there are three types of multi-level converter structure, respectively neutral-point-clamped type is more
Level converter, striding capacitance type multi-level converter and Cascade H bridge type multi-level converter.And these three multi-level converters
All have certain defect: neutral-point-clamped type multi-level converter is with the increase of level number, and the quantity of clamp diode is sharply
Increase, and DC bus midpoint potentials more than three level is difficult to realize balance；Striding capacitance type multi-level converter flies across electricity
The quantity of appearance increases with the increase of level number, causes that device overall volume is huge, and reliability is low；How electric Cascade H bridge type is
Flat converter needs multiple independent DC power supplies to each module for power supply, or is provided using the phase-shifting transformer of Multiple coil
DC power supply, system bulk is big, at high cost.Therefore, novel multi-level converter topology is studied to have great importance.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for it is an object of the invention to propose for defect existing for existing multi-level converter topology
A kind of novel multi-level converter.
Technical solution: a kind of novel four level converter, including DC bus and three four level bridge arms, the direct current are female
The both ends of line are successively connected in parallel three four level bridge arms, and each four level bridge arm includes 6 switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3、
Sx4、Sx5、Sx6With two striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2, x represents a, b or c, switching tube Sx1Emitter connection switch pipe Sx2Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter connection switch pipe Sx5Collector, switching tube Sx5Emitter connection switch pipe Sx6Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter connection switch pipe Sx4Collector, switching tube Sx4Emitter and switching tube Sx3Emitter connect
It connects, striding capacitance Cx1First end connection switch pipe Sx1、Sx2Common end, striding capacitance Cx1Second end connect striding capacitance
Cx2First end, striding capacitance Cx2Second end connect Sx5、Sx6Common end, switching tube Sx3Collector connect striding capacitance
Cx1And Cx2Common end.
A kind of novel four level converters control method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: determining switch state corresponding to every kind of voltage class, defines the switch state such as following formula institute of switching tube
Show
Then switch state corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1 below:
It can be seen from table when novel four level converters output level number is 3, V at this timexo=Vdc, it is corresponding with one kind
The switch state of switch state, every six switching tubes of phase is followed successively by [1,1,1,0,0,0], and defining this switch state is A；When novel
When four level converter output level numbers are 2, V at this timexo=2Vdc/ 3, corresponding there are two types of switch state, six switching tubes of every phase
Switch state be followed successively by [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], defining this switch state is respectively B1 and B2；When new
When four level converter output level number of type is 1, V at this timexo=Vdc/ 3, corresponding there are two types of switch state, six switching tubes of every phase
Switch state be followed successively by [1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], defining this switch state is respectively C1 and C2；When new
When four level converter output level number of type is 3, V at this timexo=0, it is corresponding with a kind of switch state, six switching tubes of every phase are opened
Off status is followed successively by [0,0,0,1,1,1], and defining this switch state is D；
Step 2: influence of the every kind of switch state of analysis to striding capacitance voltage, the variation of striding capacitance voltage and every phase
Switch state it is related with the direction of phase current, influence as shown in table 2 below:
It as can be seen from the above table, is nothing to striding capacitance regardless of current direction when output level number is 3 and 0
It influences；When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of switch state to fly across
The influence of capacitor is different；
Step 3: two striding capacitance voltages of detection control striding capacitance by selecting different Redundanter schalter states
In desired value, the deviation for defining striding capacitance voltage is voltage stabilization
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref
In formula, VCxkFor the actual value for detecting striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k
=1,2；As Δ VCxkWhen > 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is greater than desired value, capacitor needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk<
0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, capacitor needs to charge；
Step 4 detects phase current, according to phase current, the deviation of two striding capacitance voltage and two deviations
Order of magnitude compares selection Redundanter schalter state, specific as shown in table 3:
Working as output level number it can be seen from table is 2, phase current ixWhen > 0, at this time if Δ VCx1> 0, Δ VCx2> 0,
Then two striding capacitances are required to discharge, the table 2 influenced according to switch state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that selection is needed to open at this time
Off status B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, what is selected needed for can judging in other cases opens
Off status；When output level number be 3 and 0 when, current direction, striding capacitance voltage deviation to striding capacitance voltage without shadow
It rings.
The utility model has the advantages that novel four level converter proposed by the present invention, does not need the midpoint potential of control DC bus side,
Compared with existing four level converter, which does not need clamp diode, and has less switching tube and fly across electricity
Hold, device overall structure is simpler, easily controllable, the occasion suitable for mesolow high power density.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is novel four level converters topology diagram；
Fig. 2 is the corresponding six kinds of current loops of six kinds of switch states；
When Fig. 3 (a) is that modulation degree changes, converter phase voltage and three-phase current experimental waveform figure, Fig. 3 (b) is modulation degree
When variation, striding capacitance Voltage experiments waveform diagram, Fig. 3 (c) is the experimental waveform figure that dynamic control striding capacitance voltage is.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, invention is further described in detail.
Novel four level converters system construction drawing is as shown in Figure 1, every phase only has 6 switching tubes and two striding capacitances.
Four level can be exported for guarantee converter, then striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2Voltage need to control as Vdc/ 3, VdcFor DC bus electricity
Pressure, x=a, b, c.For the output voltage V of every phasexo, four voltages, respectively V can be exporteddc、2Vdc/3、Vdc/ 3 and 0.It is fixed
The switch state of adopted switching tube is shown below
Then switch state corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1:
As can be seen from Table 1, when novel four level converters output level number is 3, V at this timexo=Vdc, it is corresponding with one
Kind switch state, the switch state of every six switching tubes of phase are followed successively by [1,1,1,0,0,0], and defining this switch state is A；When new
When four level converter output level number of type is 2, V at this timexo=2Vdc/ 3, corresponding there are two types of switch state, every phase six switches
The switch state of pipe is followed successively by [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], and defining this switch state is respectively B1 and B2；When
When novel four level converters output level number is 2, V at this timexo=Vdc/ 3, corresponding there are two types of switch state, every phase six switches
The switch state of pipe is followed successively by [1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], and defining this switch state is respectively C1 and C2；When
When novel four level converters output level number is 3, V at this timexo=0, it is corresponding with a kind of switch state, six switching tubes of every phase
Switch state is followed successively by [0,0,0,1,1,1], and defining this switch state is D, and switching tube can be IGBT.
Current loop corresponding to every kind of switch state is as shown in Figure 2.Then by the current loop in Fig. 2, every kind of analysis is opened
Influence of the off status to striding capacitance is as follows:
(1) when output level number is 3:
Switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc, DC voltage source is directly load supplying, in
No current on line, to striding capacitance Cx1、Cx2Voltage do not influence.
(2) when output level number is 2:
When switch state is B1, switching tube Sx1、Sx3、Sx4Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, no matter bear
It carries electric current and flows in or out converter, have electric current on middle line, will lead to capacitor Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ixWhen > 0, fly
Across capacitor Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2It is unchanged, work as ixWhen < 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2It is unchanged.
When switch state is B2, switching tube Sx2、Sx3、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, same meeting
Lead to capacitor Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ixWhen > 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge, works as ixWhen < 0, fly
Across capacitor Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2Charging.
(3) when output level number is 1:
When switch state is C1, switching tube Sx1、Sx4、Sx5Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc/ 3, no matter load
Electric current flows in or out converter, has electric current on middle line, will lead to capacitor Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ixWhen > 0, fly across
Capacitor Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2Charging, works as ixWhen < 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge.
When switch state is C2, switching tube Sx3、Sx4、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc/ 3, it can equally lead
It sends a telegraph and holds Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ixWhen > 0, striding capacitance Cx1It is unchanged, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge, works as ixWhen < 0, fly
Across capacitor Cx1It is unchanged, striding capacitance Cx2Charging.
(5) when output level number is 0:
Switching tube Sx4、Sx5、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=0, DC voltage source is directly load supplying, middle line
Upper no current, to striding capacitance Cx1、Cx2Voltage do not influence.
It is as shown in table 2 to summarize influence of the every kind of current loop to striding capacitance:
It as can be seen from Table 2, is nothing to striding capacitance regardless of current direction when output level number is 3 and 0
It influences.When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of switch state to fly across
The influence of capacitor is different.It therefore, can be by selecting different Redundanter schalter states to exist to control the voltage stabilization of striding capacitance
Vdc/3.Define the deviation of striding capacitance voltage are as follows:
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref,
In formula, VCxkFor the actual value of striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k=1,
2.As Δ VCxkWhen > 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is greater than desired value, capacitor needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk< 0, table
The actual value of bright striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, and capacitor needs to charge.Then the selection of Redundanter schalter state is as shown in table 3:
Working as output level number it can be seen from table is 2, phase current ixWhen > 0, at this time if Δ VCx1> 0, Δ VCx2> 0,
Then two striding capacitances are required to discharge, the table 2 influenced according to switch state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that selection is needed to open at this time
Off status B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, what is selected needed for can judging in other cases opens
Off status.It is controlled according to above step, that is, is run with can guarantee novel four level converters normal table.
Fig. 3 is the experimental waveform figure of novel four level converter of the invention, and DC bus-bar voltage is 240V at this time.Experiment
In the modulation algorithm that is laminated using carrier wave, modulation degree is defined as
M=2Vref/Vdc
In formula, VrefFor the peak value for giving reference voltage.Fig. 3 (a) is the line electricity of converter when modulation degree becomes 0.6 from 0.9
Pressure and three-phase current waveform diagram；When Fig. 3 (b) is that modulation degree changes, striding capacitance voltage oscillogram；Fig. 3 (c) is that dynamic control flies
Waveform diagram across capacitance voltage.As seen from the figure, under varying experimental conditions, novel four level converters line voltage output
For 7 level, three-phase current near sinusoidal, striding capacitance voltage can be preferably stable in VdcNear/3, i.e. 80V, this is demonstrated
The correctness and feasibility of novel four level converter of invention.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of four level converter control methods, which is characterized in that using a kind of four level converters, including DC bus and
Three four level bridge arms, the both ends of the DC bus are successively connected in parallel three four level bridge arms, each four level bridge
Arm includes 6 switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3、Sx4、Sx5、Sx6With two striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2, x represents a, b or c, switching tube Sx1
Emitter connection switch pipe Sx2Collector, switching tube Sx2Emitter connection switch pipe Sx5Collector, switching tube Sx5's
Emitter connection switch pipe Sx6Collector, switching tube Sx2Emitter connection switch pipe Sx4Collector, switching tube Sx4Hair
Emitter-base bandgap grading and switching tube Sx3Emitter connection, striding capacitance Cx1First end connection switch pipe Sx1、Sx2Common end, fly across electricity
Hold Cx1Second end connect striding capacitance Cx2First end, striding capacitance Cx2Second end connect Sx5、Sx6Common end, switch
Pipe Sx3Collector connect striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2Common end；
Four level converter control methods specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: determining switch state corresponding to every kind of voltage class, and the switch state for defining switching tube is shown below
Then switch state corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1 below:
It can be seen from table when four level converter output level numbers are 3, V at this timexo=Vdc, it is corresponding with a kind of switch state,
The switch state of every six switching tubes of phase is followed successively by [1,1,1,0,0,0], and defining this switch state is A；When four level converters
When output level number is 2, V at this timexo=2Vdc/ 3, it is corresponding there are two types of switch state, the switch states of every six switching tubes of phase according to
Secondary is [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], and defining this switch state is respectively B1 and B2；When four level converters are defeated
When level number is 1 out, V at this timexo=Vdc/ 3, corresponding there are two types of switch state, the switch state of every six switching tubes of phase is followed successively by
[1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], defining this switch state is respectively C1 and C2；When four level converters export electricity
When flat number is 3, V at this timexo=0, be corresponding with a kind of switch state, the switch state of every six switching tubes of phase be followed successively by [0,0,0,
1,1,1], defining this switch state is D；
Step 2: influence of the every kind of switch state of analysis to striding capacitance voltage, the variation of striding capacitance voltage and opening for every phase
Off status is related with the direction of phase current, influences as shown in table 2 below:
It as can be seen from the above table, is no influence on striding capacitance regardless of current direction when output level number is 3 and 0
's；When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of switch state is to striding capacitance
Influence it is different；
Step 3: two striding capacitance voltages of detection control striding capacitance voltage by selecting different Redundanter schalter states
Stablize in desired value, define the deviation of striding capacitance voltage are as follows:
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref
In formula, VCxkFor the actual value for detecting striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k=1,
2；As Δ VCxkWhen > 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is greater than desired value, capacitor needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk< 0, table
The actual value of bright striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, and capacitor needs to charge；
Step 4 detects phase current, according to the absolute of phase current, the deviation of two striding capacitance voltage and two deviations
Value size compares selection Redundanter schalter state, specific as shown in table 3:
Working as output level number it can be seen from table is 2, phase current ixWhen > 0, at this time if Δ VCx1> 0, Δ VCx2> 0, then two
Striding capacitance is required to discharge, the table 2 influenced according to switch state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that needs selection switch state at this time
B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, the switch shape selected needed for can judging in other cases
State；When output level number be 3 and 0 when, current direction, striding capacitance voltage deviation on striding capacitance voltage without influence.
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| CN108418456B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2024-06-18 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Control method of double-inversion output four-level converter circuit |
| CN111064378B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Five-level hybrid neutral point clamped converter |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104270025A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 | Multi-level inverter and modulation method thereof |
| CN104638911A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-05-20 | 郑州大学 | Four-wire output converter and inverter comprising same |
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| CN105763084A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-13 | 东南大学 | Three-phase double-T five-level current transformer and control method therefor |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104638911A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-05-20 | 郑州大学 | Four-wire output converter and inverter comprising same |
| CN104270025A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-07 | 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 | Multi-level inverter and modulation method thereof |
| CN105162345A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-16 | 上海交通大学 | Four-level DC-AC converter for DC microgrid |
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| Title |
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| A Capacitor Voltage-Balancing Method for Nested Neutral Point Clamped (NNPC) Inverter;Kai Tian 等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS》;20160331;第31卷(第3期);第2575-2583页 * |
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