CN107634337B

CN107634337B - Patch array antenna based on soft surface structure

Info

Publication number: CN107634337B
Application number: CN201710720024.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董刚; 余森; 杨银堂
Original assignee: Xian University of Electronic Science and Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Electronic Science and Technology
Priority date: 2017-08-21
Filing date: 2017-08-21
Publication date: 2020-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-21
Also published as: CN107634337A

Abstract

The invention provides patch array antennas based on a soft surface structure, which aims to realize miniaturization while keeping high gain of the patch array antennas, and comprises five dielectric plates stacked from top to bottom, wherein a dielectric plate is printed with a composite metal strip, a second composite metal strip and mxn upper-layer radiation units are printed on the second dielectric plate, the upper-layer radiation units consist of 2 × 2 upper-layer radiation patches, a mxn metalized through hole is arranged on the third dielectric plate, a third composite metal strip and mxn lower-layer radiation units are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the lower-layer radiation units consist of 2 × 2 lower-layer radiation patches and a main radiation patch, an internal ground plate is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, m × n feed through holes are etched on the third dielectric plate, the , the second and third composite metal strips form a soft surface structure, a mxn second metalized through hole is arranged on the fourth dielectric plate, an external ground plate is printed on the lower surface of the fifth dielectric plate, and an upper feed network is printed on the upper surface.

Description

Patch array antenna based on soft surface structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, relates to patch array antennas, and particularly relates to patch array antennas based on a soft surface structure, which can be used in the field of wireless communication such as vehicle-mounted devices.

Background

With the rapid development of modern wireless communication systems in the world, the performance requirements for antennas are higher and higher, such as strong directivity, high gain, narrow beam, small volume and the like, a single antenna generally cannot meet the requirements, and therefore an array antenna needs to be constructed, which is common antenna forms in modern radar and communication systems.

The microstrip Patch Antenna has a simple structure and a mature principle, the planar structure of the microstrip Patch Antenna enables the design of the microstrip Patch Antenna on a multilayer structure to be very flexible, the characteristics of broadband, multiband, High Gain and the like can be realized by arranging the multilayer Patch Antenna as an array element, so the High Gain and miniaturization design of the array Antenna can be realized by designing the array Antenna with the microstrip Patch Antenna as an array element, the High Gain design of the array Antenna is realized by arranging a parasitic element and suppressing excitation of Surface waves in the prior art, the High Gain design of the array Antenna is realized by arranging the parasitic element, when the designed parasitic element meets conditions, electromagnetic waves undergo multiple radiation and reflection among a radiation Patch, the parasitic element and the ground, and are mutually superposed in a required direction, at the moment, the added parasitic element plays a role of a director to guide electromagnetic waves to directionally radiate the electromagnetic waves, the Antenna Gain is effectively improved, the High Gain design of the array Antenna is realized by suppressing excitation of Surface waves, the High Gain design of the array Antenna, the specific mode includes the adoption of an artificial periodic structure, the Soft Surface structure and the arrangement of a cavity in a rectangular medium layer, the Antenna is characterized in that the artificial periodic structure occupies a large area to form a complete dielectric layer, the Antenna structure, the Antenna is not significantly increased by the Antenna, the Antenna is increased by the Antenna, the Antenna is increased Antenna, the Antenna is increased by the Antenna, the Antenna is not increased Antenna, the Antenna is not increased by the Antenna, the Antenna is the Antenna, the Antenna is increased Antenna is the Antenna, the Antenna is the Antenna, the.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides patch array antennas based on soft surface structures, aiming at realizing miniaturization while keeping high gain of the patch array antennas.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

patch array antenna based on soft surface structure includes a dielectric plate 1, a second dielectric plate 2, a third dielectric plate 3, a fourth dielectric plate 4 and a fifth dielectric plate 5 which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, an internal ground plate 6 is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 3, m × n feed through holes 61 are etched on the internal ground plate 6, an external ground plate 7 is printed on the lower surface of the fifth dielectric plate 5, a feed network 8 is printed on the upper surface of the fifth dielectric plate 5, m is more than or equal to 2, n is more than or equal to 2, a composite metal strip 11 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 1, a second composite metal strip 12 and m × n upper radiation units 9 are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 2, the upper radiation units 9 are composed of 2 × 2 upper radiation patches 91, m × n third metallization through holes 31 are arranged on the third dielectric plate 3, a third composite metal strip 13 and m × 2 upper radiation patch units 10 are arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate 3, a main radiation patch 102 is used for inhibiting the propagation of the radiation waves through the third dielectric plate 102, the main radiation through metal strip 102 and the radiating through metal strip 102, the main radiation of the feed metal strip 102.

In the patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure, the th composite metal strip 11, the second composite metal strip 12 and the third composite metal strip 13 are respectively composed of transverse rectangular metal strips located at the edge of the dielectric plate and n-1 longitudinal rectangular metal strips with equal intervals, and the central points of the three composite metal strips are aligned up and down.

In the patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure, the upper radiation patch 91, the main radiation patch 101, and the lower radiation patch 102 are all square.

In the patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure, the geometric center of the 2 × 2 upper radiation patches 91 is aligned with the central point of the main radiation patch 101.

In the patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure, the fourth dielectric plate 4 and the fifth dielectric plate 5 are respectively provided with m × n metallized through hole arrays 14, and the arrays are rectangular structures with sides opened, so as to reduce the insertion loss of the feed network 8.

In the above patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure, the center of the metallized through hole array 14 is aligned up and down with the center points of the feeding via 61, the th metallized through hole 31 and the second metallized through hole 41.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the composite metal strips are arranged on the upper surfaces of the three dielectric plates which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom to form a soft surface structure, and the three composite metal strips with smaller sizes act together to short-circuit surface wave current, inhibit the propagation of surface waves and reduce the mutual coupling effect between main radiation patches.

(2) The invention guides the electromagnetic wave generated by the main radiation patch to radiate and reflect for many times through the 2 multiplied by 2 upper radiation patches arranged above the main radiation patch and the 2 multiplied by 2 lower radiation patches arranged at the periphery, and the electromagnetic wave is mutually superposed in the main radiation direction of the antenna.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a second dielectric sheet of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of the underlying radiating element and feed via of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a fourth dielectric plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a simulated graph of center frequency versus reflection coefficient S11 according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is an E-plane and H-plane pattern of the present invention at the center frequency.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

With reference to fig. 1, patch array antennas based on a soft surface structure include a dielectric plate 1, a second dielectric plate 2, a third dielectric plate 3, a fourth dielectric plate 4, and a fifth dielectric plate 5 stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the thickness of the dielectric plate is 0.576mm, the thickness of the second dielectric plate is 0.096mm, the thickness of the third dielectric plate is 0.192mm, the thickness of the fourth dielectric plate is 0.192mm, the thickness of the fifth dielectric plate is 0.192mm, an internal ground plate 6 is printed on the lower surface of the third

dielectric plate

3, 2 × 2 feed vias 61 are etched on the internal ground plate 6, an external ground plate 7 is printed on the lower surface of the fifth dielectric plate 5, a feed network 8 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 1, a composite metal strip 11 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 2, a second

composite metal strip

12 and 2 × 2 upper radiation elements 9 are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 2, the upper radiation elements 9 are composed of 2 × 2 upper layers, 2 layers, a radiating patches 9, a radiating element is composed of a radiating element, a radiating element consisting of a radiating element of a.

Referring to fig. 2, the upper radiation patch 91 has a square shape with a length L1 of 1.35mm, a distance L2 of 1.1mm from the geometric center of the array, and geometric centers of 2 × 2 upper radiation patches 91 are aligned up and down with the center point of the main radiation patch 101. The longitudinal rectangular metal strip of the second composite metal strip 12 is located exactly in the middle of the transverse upper layer radiating element 9, and has the dimensions W1-0.2 mm, L3-17.3 mm, and L4-16.4 mm.

Referring to fig. 3, the lower radiation patch 102 and the main radiation patch 101 are each square, and have a size L5-1.25 mm, L6-1.27 mm, and L7-0.965 mm, and the radius of the feed via 61 is 0.15 mm. The distance L8 between the center point of the main radiating patch 101 and the center of the feed via 61 is 0.52 mm. The main radiating patch 101 does not overlap with the lower radiating patch 102.

Referring to fig. 4, the feeding network has a symmetrical structure, and is composed of strip lines and 3 power dividers, and is used for feeding each main radiating patch 101 in equal-amplitude and in-phase, and has a size of L9-1.08 mm, L10-4.445 mm, L11-1.06 mm, L12-2.005 mm, L13-7.65 mm, W2-0.19 mm, and W3-0.08 mm, where the length of the wavelength impedance converter of the power divider is L11-1.06 mm, and the width of the power divider is W2-0.19 mm.

Referring to fig. 5, a 2 × 2 metalized via array 14 and a 2 × 2 second metalized via 41 are disposed on the fourth dielectric board 4, where the metalized via array 14 is an -edge open rectangular structure, and has a size L14 ═ 0.8mm, a size W4 ═ 0.8mm, and a via pitch of 0.2mm, so as to reduce the insertion loss of the feeding network 8 and reduce the loss due to discontinuity of the stripline-to-coaxial line transition structure.

The upper-layer radiating unit 9, the lower-layer radiating unit 10, the internal ground plate 6, the external ground plate 7 and the feed network 8 are all printed by silver metal films, the th dielectric layer 1, the second dielectric layer 2, the third dielectric layer 3, the fourth dielectric layer 4 and the fifth dielectric layer 5 are all made of DuPont951 low-temperature co-fired ceramic materials with dielectric constants of 7.8 and dielectric loss tangents of 0.0015, the radii of the metallized through holes 31 and the second metallized through holes 41 are 0.04mm, the radius of the metallized through holes of the metallized through hole array 14 is 0.05mm, and the th metallized through holes 31, the second metallized through holes 41 and the metallized through hole array 14 are all formed by filling silver metal materials in the holes.

The technical effect of the invention is further illustrated in steps by combining simulation experiments:

1. simulation conditions and content

The center frequency and reflection coefficient S11 and the radiation direction at the center frequency of the invention are simulated by using three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic field simulation software HFSS _17.1, and the results are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

2. Analysis of simulation results

Referring to FIG. 6, the resonance point of the embodiment of the present invention is about 31GHz, the reflection coefficient S11 is about-32 dB, the reflection coefficient in the frequency range of 30.2GHz to 32.2GHz is less than-10 dB, and the bandwidth is about 6.5%. Simulation results show that the method has larger bandwidth.

Referring to fig. 7(a) and 7(b), E-plane and H-plane patterns at a center frequency, respectively, of an embodiment of the present invention are shown. It can be seen that the peak gains with and without soft surface structures are 14.6dBi and 13.5dBi, respectively. Simulation results show that the designed soft surface structure has larger gain improvement on the invention.

Therefore, the invention provides patch array antennas based on a soft surface structure, and when the number of antenna radiation elements is expanded to 4 × 4 according to the correlation theory of the array antennas, the gain of the array antennas is about 19.5dBi, the overall size of the array antennas is about 3.2 λ × 2.9 λ × 0.1248 λ, wherein λ is the wavelength in air, and compared with the prior art, the miniaturization of the array antennas is realized while the high gain of the array antennas is maintained.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form, details and parameters may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

The patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure comprises a dielectric plate (1), a second dielectric plate (2), a third dielectric plate (3), a fourth dielectric plate (4) and a fifth dielectric plate (5) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein an inner ground plate (6) is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate (3), m × n feeding through holes (61) are etched in the inner ground plate (6), an outer ground plate (7) is printed on the lower surface of the fifth dielectric plate (5), a feeding network (8) is printed on the upper surface of the fifth dielectric plate, m is larger than or equal to 2, n is larger than or equal to 2, the patch array antenna is characterized in that a fourth metal strip (11) is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate (1), a second composite metal strip (12) and m × n upper radiating elements (9) are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate (2), the upper radiating elements (9) are composed of 2 × 2 upper radiating patches (91), m × n radiating patches (25) and n radiating patches (3512) are arranged on the upper surface of the third metal strip (3), a radiating patch array antenna is composed of a longitudinal radiating elements (3510-13), a radiating patch array antenna composed of a third metal strip (11), a radiating patch array antenna composed of a radiating elements (11) and a radiating elements (11), a radiating patch array antenna composed of a radiating elements, a radiating elements composed of a radiating elements (3510-13) and a radiating elements composed of a longitudinal metal strip (11) and a radiating elements composed of a longitudinal metal strip (11) and a radiating elements composed of a longitudinal metal strip (10-10 metal strip (11) and a radiating elements composed of a longitudinal metal strip (11) and a longitudinal metal strip (10 metal strip (11), a longitudinal metal strip (11) and a longitudinal metal strip (11), a longitudinal.
2. Patch array antenna based on a soft surface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper radiating patch (91), the main radiating patch (101) and the lower radiating patch (102) are all square in shape.
3. Patch array antenna based on a soft surface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the 2 x 2 upper radiating patches (91) have their array geometric centers aligned above and below the center point of the main radiating patch (101).
4. The patch array antenna based on the soft surface structure is characterized in that the fourth dielectric plate (4) and the fifth dielectric plate (5) are respectively provided with m x n metallized through hole arrays (14), and the arrays are of -edge open rectangular structures and are used for reducing the insertion loss of the feed network (8).
5. Patch array antenna based on a soft-surface structure, according to claim 4, characterized in that the metallized via array (14) is centered above and below the center point of the feed via (61), the th metallized via (31) and the second metallized via (41).