CN107631295A - A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment - Google Patents

A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107631295A
CN107631295A CN201711049058.5A CN201711049058A CN107631295A CN 107631295 A CN107631295 A CN 107631295A CN 201711049058 A CN201711049058 A CN 201711049058A CN 107631295 A CN107631295 A CN 107631295A
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China
Prior art keywords
circulating ash
cooling
ash
cooler
circulating
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CN201711049058.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙晓阳
郭涛
江建忠
吕海生
***
刘冠杰
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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Priority to CN201711049058.5A priority Critical patent/CN107631295A/en
Publication of CN107631295A publication Critical patent/CN107631295A/en
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Abstract

A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment, including cooler, vertical ash tube is provided with the top of the cooler, it is internally provided with some perpendicular straight arranged pipelines, bottom is provided with circulating ash outlet, circulating ash outlet lower section is provided with water-cooling spiral screw conveyor, circulating ash is entered by self gravitation by ash tube, water-cooling spiral screw conveyor is entered by circulating ash outlet through vertical pipeline, the lower section connection cooling water inlet of the cooler, top connects coolant outlet, cooling water washes away the outer wall of the pipeline from bottom to top in cooler, cool for circulating ash, discharged from coolant outlet.Safety dumping after high-temp circulating ash is efficiently cooled down can be achieved in the present invention, has the characteristics that simple in construction, good cooling results, easy to operate, control is accurate, safe for operation.

Description

A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment
Technical field
The invention belongs to recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) technical field, more particularly to a kind of circulating ash cooling tapping equipment.
Background technology
Circulating fluidized bed technique is a kind of cleaning, efficient boiler technology, and it has, and fuel tolerance is strong, pollutant emission The features such as low, high combustion efficiency, fast Load Regulation.Compared with coal-powder boiler, the advantage of recirculating fluidized bed is embodied in:(1) adapt to several All coals, including the fuel that the coal-powder boiler such as colm, coal slime, spoil can not burn;(2) fluidized-bed combustion boiler sunken bed temperature is run So that the pollutant emission such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides is relatively low, especially NOX, there was only fuel type NO when temperature is relatively lowXProduction It is raw, almost without heating power type and Quick-type NOXProduce;(3) material is in fluidized state in recirculating fluidized bed, ensure that in sunken bed Efficiency of combustion is very high in the case of the coal of gentle coarse grain footpath, and uncombusted small-particle coal reenters burner hearth through separator and material returning device Further burning, further improves efficiency of combustion.National energy policy constantly tilts to clean energy resource in recent years, while environmental protection will Ask increasingly stricter, circulating fluidized bed technique can just meet above-mentioned requirements, therefore promotion rate is very fast at home.Circulation at present The capacity maximum of fluidized-bed combustion boiler reaches 600MW, and 1000MW ultra supercritical fluidized-bed combustion boiler is researched and developed.
At present, a problem of domestic cycle fluidized-bed combustion boiler generally existing is that actual as-fired coal matter often less than designs Coal, it is mainly reflected on caloric value is relatively low, ash content is higher, the as-fired coal caloric value of some power plant is even significantly less than design coal Kind.This has resulted in coal-supplying amount in fluidized-bed combustion boiler actual motion increases higher than circulating ash quantity in design load, stove.Longtime running meeting There is the problem of more serious, be mainly reflected in these points.
1. circulating ash quantity crosses conference and causes bed temperature to be decreased obviously in stove, the bed temperatures of some CFB boilers can be reduced to 800 DEG C with Under, efficiency of combustion in stove can be produced a very large impact, main steam is further resulted in and reheat steam temperature declines, influence steam turbine Generating efficiency.
2. circulating ash quantity increase will aggravate the burden of the equipment such as deslagging, dedusting, separator, long-term overload operation will cause The said equipment accelerated wear test aging, repair and maintenance cycle time, the appearance for the problems such as operational effect is unable to reach design load.
After 3. the equipment effects such as boiler combustion efficiency reduction, deduster and separator decline, boiler pollutant discharge will be aobvious Write increase, nitrogen oxides and dust concentration particularly in flue gas, by the further burden for aggravating denitration and dust pelletizing system, increase Operating cost.
Therefore, when CFB boiler uses high ash content colm, rational ash concentration is very important in holding furnace.At present Mainly have for the excessive treating method of CFB boiler circulating ash quantity following several.
1. increase external bed.External bed is the fluidized bed type for being placed on a material returning device bottom heat exchanger, part circulating ash Be cooled discharge after into external bed.The advantages of external bed is that contribute big, good effect of heat exchange, waste heat is recycling, can also be led to External bed is crossed to be transported in burner hearth part circulating ash to adjust bed temperature.But the shortcomings that external bed, is also apparent from:It is complicated, empty Between take that big, investment is larger.Disadvantages mentioned above causes external bed to be rarely employed in CFB units of today.
2. adjust returning charge amount.Reduce circulating ash returning charge amount by reducing the air quantity of high pressure fluidization fan, can effectively delay Solving bed temperature reduces degree, and below part 130t/h small fluid bed unit is still in this way.After returning charge amount reduces, circulation Ash certainly will be accumulated in separator, and " collapse ash " easily occurs after accumulating to a certain extent, has a strong impact on boiler operatiopn stability, Do not recommend to use.
3. directly discharge.Circulating ash is directly discharged on ground by accident ash releasing tube, it is simple and convenient.But high temperature circulation Ash easily damages to people, and airborne dust can cause the discharge capacity of bad environments in boiler room, particularly large-sized unit huge, it is difficult in time Processing.The method is general only to be used in the case where needing urgent ash discharge.
As can be seen here, the method for circulation ash concentration has the shortcomings that more obvious in the regulating stove that CFB boiler uses at present. Although external bed process positive effect, system complex, investment is higher, and occupied ground area is larger;Adjusted by high pressure fluidization fan Save returning charge amount Method And Principle it is simple, but exist very high operation risk, once careless manipulation will cause " collapse ash " it is serious after Fruit;The method that circulating ash is directly discharged is simple and easy, but the hidden danger such as high temperature scald and airborne dust be present, and can increase porter Measure.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of circulating ash to cool down discharge dress Put, safety dumping after high-temp circulating ash is efficiently cooled down can be achieved, there is simple in construction, good cooling results, easy to operate, control Accurately, the features such as safe for operation.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment, including cooler, is provided with the top of the cooler and vertical falls ash Pipe, some perpendicular straight arranged pipelines are internally provided with, bottom is provided with circulating ash outlet, and circulating ash outlet lower section is provided with water cooling Screw auger conveyer, circulating ash are entered by self gravitation by ash tube, enter water-cooling spiral by circulating ash outlet through pipeline Screw conveyor, the lower section connection cooling water inlet of the cooler, top connection coolant outlet, cooling water is in cooler The outer wall of the pipeline is washed away from bottom to top, is cooled for circulating ash, is discharged from coolant outlet.
Circulating ash falling speed is controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of water-cooling spiral screw conveyor, and then controls circulating ash to go out The temperature of mouth.
Manually-operated gate one, operated pneumatic valve one and thermocouple one are provided with the ash tube;The circulating ash outlet is set There is thermocouple four, thermocouple five is provided with the conveying circuit of the water-cooling spiral screw conveyor.
Manually-operated gate two, electric adjustable section door, thermocouple two and flowmeter, institute are provided with the pipeline of the cooling water inlet State and manually-operated gate three and thermocouple three are provided with the pipeline of coolant outlet.
The top of the cooler is frustum shape, and middle part is column, and bottom exports for circulating ash, and circulating ash outlet is The frustum shape put.
It is provided with up-hole plate between the top and middle part of the cooler, the upper end in hole and pipeline on the up-hole plate connects Connect, be provided with orifice plate between the middle part and bottom of the cooler, the lower end in hole and pipeline on the orifice plate connects.
The circulating ash outlet has two, is set up in parallel, two outlets are all connected on water-cooling spiral screw conveyor, are made Circulating ash falls evenly.
The pipeline uses external spiral extended surface tube, to increase heat exchange area.
The water-cooling spiral screw conveyor is equipped with frequency-changing control system, and screw auger is adjusted by frequency-changing control system Conveying capacity.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. good cooling results.The system ensures heat transfer effect using multinomial advanced technology in design, it is ensured that circulating ash quilt Discharged after being cooled to safe temperature, it is specific as follows:(1) cooler construction is rationally designed, water is in cooler with 8-10m/s speed Degree washes away circulating ash pipeline, improves convection transfer rate;(2) circulating ash pipeline uses external spiral extended surface tube, increases heat exchange area More than ten times to tens times, greatly increase heat exchange amount;(3) two ash holes are designed in cooler bottom, make circulating ash discharge evenly, Avoid the occurrence of the situation of " middle fast, surrounding is slow ";(4) water-cooling spiral screw conveyor is used, to circulating ash in screw auger Secondary cooling is carried out, further strengthens cooling effect.
It is 2. simple in construction.The system is fallen naturally using the gravity of circulating ash itself, and compared with external bed, this set system is removed Screw auger conveyer is outer without other machinery part and device, reduces trouble point and Maintenance and Repair workload.Screw auger is defeated Machine is sent to use closed conveying, compared with traditional screeds conveyer, volume is smaller, more compact structure, it is easier to site layout project.
3. operation is convenient, control is accurate.The system is contributed using screw auger rotating speed is adjusted come regulating system, simple to operate It is convenient.Grey temperature can be entered to adjust the rotating speed of screw auger, rotational speed regulation scope 0- according to screw auger in actual motion 50Hz, control are very accurate.
4. a variety of measuring cells such as installation flowmeter, pressure gauge, thermometer, monitor circulating ash temperature, water at any time in system The key parameters such as temperature, water, corresponding alarm and relay protective scheme control are set, make system safe handling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is cooler internal pipe arrangements schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the A of Fig. 2 aperture plates to perspective view.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of circulating ash cooling tapping equipment, including cooler 1, the top of cooler 1 is frustum Shape, middle part are column, and bottom is inverted frustum shape.Wherein, the top of cooler 1 is provided with vertical ash tube 2, interior Portion is provided with some perpendicular straight arranged pipelines 3, and bottom is provided with circulating ash outlet 4, and the lower section of circulating ash outlet 4 is provided with water cooling spiral shell Revolve screw conveyor 5.
It is provided with up-hole plate 81 between the top and middle part of cooler 1, the hole on up-hole plate 81 and the upper end of pipeline 3 connect Connect, be provided with orifice plate 82 between the middle part and bottom of cooler 1, the hole on orifice plate 82 is connected with the lower end of pipeline 3.
If the structure of up-hole plate 81 and orifice plate 82 is as shown in figure 3, be onboard distributed with dry hole.
Pipeline 3 uses external spiral extended surface tube, to increase heat exchange area.Circulating ash outlet 4 has two, is set up in parallel, two Outlet is all connected on water-cooling spiral screw conveyor 5, circulating ash is fallen evenly.Water-cooling spiral screw conveyor 5 is equipped with Frequency-changing control system, it is incorporated among Boiler DCS System, temperature alarming and the control of start and stop relay protective scheme is set, pass through VFC The conveying capacity of system fading margin screw auger.
Manually-operated gate 1, operated pneumatic valve 1 and thermocouple 1 are provided with ash tube 2, circulating ash outlet 4 is set There is thermocouple 4 41, thermocouple 5 51 is provided with the conveying circuit of water-cooling spiral screw conveyor 5.The pipe of cooling water inlet 6 Manually-operated gate 2 61, electric adjustable section door 62, thermocouple 2 63 and flowmeter 64 are provided with road, on the pipeline of coolant outlet 7 It is provided with manually-operated gate 3 71 and thermocouple 3 72
Circulating ash is entered by self gravitation by ash tube 2, enters water-cooling spiral auger by circulating ash outlet 4 through pipeline 3 Conveyer 5, the lower section connection cooling water inlet 6 of cooler 1, top connection coolant outlet 7, cooling water is in cooler under The outer wall of pipeline 3 is washed away upwards, is cooled for circulating ash, is discharged from coolant outlet 7.
The present invention can control circulating ash falling speed by adjusting the rotating speed of water-cooling spiral screw conveyor 5, and then control The temperature of circulating ash outlet 4 processed.
The specific work process of the present invention is as follows:
Circulating ash is entered by ash tube 2, is deposited on the top of cooler 1.The top of cooler 1 is a confined space, It is connected with the middle part of cooler 1 by up-hole plate 81, middle part is connected with bottom by orifice plate 82.At the middle part of cooler 1, hole Plate connects multiple pipelines 3 placed vertically, and circulating ash falls from these pipelines 3, at the same cooling water outside pipeline 3 from bottom to top Wash away, exchanged heat.Designed at circulating ash outlet 4 using " Breeches type ", circulating ash enters water-cooling spiral by two " trouser legs " Screw conveyor 5.Manually-operated gate 1, operated pneumatic valve 1 and thermocouple 1 are provided with ash tube 2.Cooling water inlet 6 Pipeline on be provided with manually-operated gate 2 61, electric adjustable section door 62, thermocouple 2 63 and flowmeter 64, the pipe of coolant outlet 7 Manually-operated gate 3 71 and thermocouple 3 72 are provided with road.The effect of electric adjustable section door 62 is regulation cooling water water, and water is got over Greatly, water velocity is faster in cooler 1, and cooling effect is better.Circulating ash outlet 4 is provided with thermocouple 4 41, water-cooling spiral Thermocouple 5 51 is provided with the conveying circuit of screw conveyor 5, for monitoring circulating ash temperature.All measuring cell signals and The start-up and shut-down control of screw auger accesses Boiler DCS System, according to monitoring signals (cooling water inflow, circulating ash temperature etc.) to spiral The start and stop of auger set warning and protection, too small or force to stop screw auger when circulating ash temperature is too high in cooling water inflow, rise To the effect of protection equipment.
According to said structure, operating procedure of the invention is as follows:
1. equipment inspection is carried out before starting, it is ensured that cooling water pipeline and circulating ash pipeline are unobstructed, ensure each hand-operated valve and electricity Dynamic valve is flexibly adjustable, ensures measuring cell shows that numerical value is accurate, ensures water-cooling spiral screw conveyor normal operation.Will before starting Ensure that all valves are closed.
2. opening the manually-operated gate in cooling water inlet and exit, correct position is arrived into the electronic pitch regulation of porch. From flowmeter and thermocouple on cooling water pipe, confirm that cooling water has been turned on.
3. start water-cooling spiral screw conveyor and adjust the cooling water for appropriate rotating speed, being also turned on screw auger.
4. opening ash tube manually-operated gate successively and operated pneumatic valve, high-temp circulating ash being fallen, can go out from ash tube, circulating ash The thermocouple of the positions such as mouth, screw auger outlet observes that hot ash falls and cooled down situation.
Relevant temperature point need to be observed 5. the safe temperature of the equipment such as screw auger, bucket machine is 150 DEG C, during operation, it is ensured that Circulating ash is in safe temperature range.Once there is overtemperature situation, corresponding adjustment (increase cooling water inflow or reduction need to be made as early as possible Screw auger rotating speed).

Claims (9)

1. a kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment, including cooler (1), it is characterised in that is set on the top of the cooler (1) Vertical ash tube (2) is equipped with, is internally provided with some perpendicular straight arranged pipelines (3), bottom is provided with circulating ash outlet (4), Water-cooling spiral screw conveyor (5) is provided with below circulating ash outlet (4), circulating ash is entered by self gravitation by ash tube (2) Enter, exporting (4) by circulating ash through pipeline (3) enters water-cooling spiral screw conveyor (5), the lower section connection of the cooler (1) Cooling water inlet (6), top connection coolant outlet (7), cooling water wash away the pipeline (3) from bottom to top in cooler Outer wall, cool for circulating ash, discharged from coolant outlet (7).
2. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that conveyed by adjusting water-cooling spiral auger The rotating speed of machine (5) controls circulating ash falling speed, and then controls the temperature of circulating ash outlet (4).
3. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with hand on the ash tube (2) Movable valve one (21), operated pneumatic valve one (22) and thermocouple one (23);The circulating ash outlet (4) is provided with thermocouple four (41), it is provided with thermocouple five (51) on the conveying circuit of the water-cooling spiral screw conveyor (5).
4. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pipeline of the cooling water inlet (6) On be provided with manually-operated gate two (61), electric adjustable section door (62), thermocouple two (63) and flowmeter (64), the coolant outlet (7) manually-operated gate three (71) and thermocouple three (72) are provided with pipeline.
5. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the top of the cooler (1) is cone Platform shape, middle part are column, and bottom is that circulating ash exports (4), and circulating ash outlet (4) is inverted frustum shape.
6. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the top of the cooler (1) is with It is provided with up-hole plate (81) between portion, the hole on the up-hole plate (81) is connected with the upper end of pipeline (3), the cooler (1) Middle part and bottom between be provided with orifice plate (82), the hole on the orifice plate (82) is connected with the lower end of pipeline (3).
7. tapping equipment is cooled down according to 1 or 5 or 6 circulating ash of claim, it is characterised in that the circulating ash exports (4) There are two, be set up in parallel, two outlets are all connected on water-cooling spiral screw conveyor (5), circulating ash is fallen evenly.
8. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pipeline (3) uses external spiral fin Piece pipe, to increase heat exchange area.
9. circulating ash cooling tapping equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water-cooling spiral screw conveyor (5) frequency-changing control system is equipped with, the conveying capacity of screw auger is adjusted by frequency-changing control system.
CN201711049058.5A 2017-10-31 2017-10-31 A kind of circulating ash cools down tapping equipment Pending CN107631295A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1924438A (en) * 2006-09-15 2007-03-07 西安热工研究院有限公司 Self-declining type circulating ash cooling device and treatment method for circulating ash
CN101294708A (en) * 2008-04-25 2008-10-29 东南大学 City life rubbish fluidized bed gasification combustion processing method
CN102656407A (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-09-05 福斯特韦勒能源股份公司 Method and arrangement for recovering heat from bottom ash
CN103542739A (en) * 2013-10-28 2014-01-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 High-temperature fine particle material cooling and discharging system
CN104355071A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-02-18 山东理工大学 Semi coke waste heat recovery type spiral conveyer
CN207539897U (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-06-26 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 A kind of safe circulating ash cooling tapping equipment

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1924438A (en) * 2006-09-15 2007-03-07 西安热工研究院有限公司 Self-declining type circulating ash cooling device and treatment method for circulating ash
CN101294708A (en) * 2008-04-25 2008-10-29 东南大学 City life rubbish fluidized bed gasification combustion processing method
CN102656407A (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-09-05 福斯特韦勒能源股份公司 Method and arrangement for recovering heat from bottom ash
CN103542739A (en) * 2013-10-28 2014-01-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 High-temperature fine particle material cooling and discharging system
CN104355071A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-02-18 山东理工大学 Semi coke waste heat recovery type spiral conveyer
CN207539897U (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-06-26 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 A kind of safe circulating ash cooling tapping equipment

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