CN107629819A - The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal - Google Patents
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107629819A CN107629819A CN201710978118.5A CN201710978118A CN107629819A CN 107629819 A CN107629819 A CN 107629819A CN 201710978118 A CN201710978118 A CN 201710978118A CN 107629819 A CN107629819 A CN 107629819A
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, the technique is mainly made up of following process：(1) biomass material carries out pyrolytic reaction in pyrolysis charring reactor, is converted into charcoal, pyrolysis gas and tar；(2) in the reforming reactor that gasifies, partial thermal decomposition gas and tar react with air, reach tar tentatively abatement and the purpose of system heat supply；(3) CO in pyrolysis gas2, vapor and tar gasification reforming reaction occurs by the charcoal bed of material, realize that tar is cut down, pyrolysis gas and charcoal quality-improving；(4) charcoal is transported charcoal storage room by transporting threads by gasification reforming reactor；(5) pyrolysis gas in cyclone separator burn after gas solid separation by part reuse, and form biomass pyrolysis reaction and gasification reforming reaction provide heat, and the waste heat of heat smoke is then used for air preheat and pipeline heat insulation.Technique is simple, continuously-running, can realize that high quality heat is vented one's spleen and charcoal coproduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, belong to biomass thermalization
Conversion field is learned, the technique can cut down tar, realize pyrolysis gas and charcoal product by partial oxidation and gasification reforming technique
Matter is lifted, and by fume afterheat cascade utilization, improves system thermal efficiency.
Background technology
Biomass pyrolytic charing is the important way of biomass comprehensive utilization, for improving overall efficiency of agriculture, is increased
Add farmers' income, reduce environmental pollution etc. and be significant.Biomass pyrolytic charing product includes charcoal, tar and pyrolysis
Gas.Charcoal has the functions such as carbon fixation and emission reduction, water source purifying, heavy metal adsorption and soil improvement, can be used as the high-quality energy,
Reducing agent, soil conditioner, fertilizer slow release carrier and carbon dioxide sequestration agent etc. can be used as.Tar is another biomass pyrolytic
Carbonizing production, 5~15% energy converts in pyrolytic process in biomass enters tar, and tar is in gaseous state at high temperature, burnt
Contain hypertoxic organic matter in oil, and constituent part condenses into the liquid of the sticky shape of dark brown below 200 DEG C, easily causes pipeline to block up
Plug, influence the normal operation of equipment.Converted and using pyrolytic tar therefore, it is necessary to adopt an effective measure, to maintain production
Normal operation, realize the efficient utilization of energy, protecting ecology and Environmental Health.Pyrolysis gas is also the production of biomass pyrolytic charing
Thing, heat caused by burning can also be used for heat supply or generating, and the quality of pyrolysis gas directly affects the effective rate of utilization of biomass energy.
The lifting of the abatement of tar, pyrolysis gas and charcoal quality in thermal decomposition product, by the extensive concern of domestic scholars.
Patent CN 101100621A use the tar in Pintsch process gas-phase product, and combine the work of dolomite catalysts and vapor
With, with realize the cracking of gas-phase product, reform, tar component is cracked, is restructured as H2、CH4With other light hydrocarbons, heat is improved
Vent one's spleen middle H2Content, prepare hydrogen-rich combustion gas.Similar with the A of patent CN 101100621, the B of patent CN 102220150 are also used
Pintsch tar, while absorb CO in pyrolysis gas using CaO2, to realize the preparation of high-quality gas.Patent
CN102329651 B use three-section type biomass pyrolytic gasification producing synthesis gas, are urged using high temperature, nickel-base catalyst and vapor
Change the tar in reformed gas product, lift synthesis gas quality.
In summary, prior art can realize tar abatement and pyrolysis gas upgrading, but be required to add catalysis into system
Agent, catalyst is costly, and easily inactivation, adds the complexity and production cost of technique.Meanwhile in pyrolytic process,
Charcoal can adsorb a part of tar, cause the reduction of biomass carbon quality, quality is not improved, and charcoal is difficult to directly utilize.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to use the charing of self-heating biomass continuous pyrolysis, partial oxidation and gasification reforming technique, real
Existing tar abatement, coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen and charcoal.
The present invention is reaches this purpose, the work for taking a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat to vent one's spleen with charcoal
Skill, mainly carbonized by biomass continuous pyrolysis, pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation, pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reform, charcoal
Transport, pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process composition, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(a) biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process：Biomass carries out continuous pyrolysis carbonization reaction by external heating mode,
Generate pyrolysis gas, tar and charcoal；
(b) pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation operation：Air is passed through from gasification reforming reactor porch, pyrolysis gas and Jiao
With air combustion reaction occurs for oil, can either cut down tar, can provide heat for gasification reforming reaction again；
(c) pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reforming process：Charcoal falls into gasification reforming reactor, and accumulation forms certain altitude
The bed of material, pyrolysis gas and tar are from top to bottom by charcoal bed, vapor, CO in pyrolysis gas2With tar in charcoal bed
Gasification reforming reaction occurs in layer, realizes that tar is cut down, coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen and charcoal；
(d) charcoal transport process：After charcoal bed depth exceedes the upper limit, charcoal transporting threads start work, will
Charcoal transports charcoal storage room, and after bed depth is down to lower limit, transporting threads are stopped；
(e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process：High temperature pyrolysis gas part reuse after gas solid separation after gasification reformation
Burning, form biomass pyrolysis carbonization reaction and gasification reforming reaction provide heat, and the waste heat of heat smoke is used for air preheat and pipe
Road is incubated, and realizes that the step of energy efficiently utilizes.
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, it is characterised in that (a) therein
Biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process use external heating mode, and pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 500~650 DEG C or so, the heating agent of use
For high-temperature flue gas caused by (e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process.
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, it is characterised in that (b) therein
Pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation operation utilize pyrolysis gas caused by air partial oxidation (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process
And tar, part tar and air reaction, oxidation generation CO2, CO, gas component, the process such as vapor should strictly control sky
Gas intake is no more than the 10% of biomass completely burned required air quantity.
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, it is characterised in that (c) therein
Pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reforming process utilize charcoal caused by (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis process, and gasify reforming pyrolysis gas
And tar；Pintsch process occurs for tar, and mineral component contained by charcoal further catalytic tar can crack, and realize burnt
Oil abatement；CO in pyrolysis gas2, vapor reacted with charcoal, be converted into CO, H2Deng combustible gas component, pyrolysis is realized
Gas quality-improving；The tar that charcoal is adsorbed cracks under the high temperature conditions, meanwhile, charcoal and CO in pyrolysis gas2With
In vapor course of reaction, further cut down the carbon distribution that the tar that is adsorbed of charcoal and coke tar cracking are formed, increase biology
The specific surface area of charcoal, realize the lifting of charcoal quality；The process uses interior external heat heating agent, and interior heating heating agent derives from (b)
Pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation heat liberation, external heat heating agent is using high warm caused by (e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process
Gas, temperature are maintained at 800~1000 DEG C.
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, it is characterised in that (d) therein
Charcoal transport process makes charcoal material in gasification reformer chamber using the startup and closing of level-sensing device control charcoal transporting threads
Layer maintains 150~200mm；
The technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, it is characterised in that (e) therein
Pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process carbonizes process for (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis and (c) is pyrolyzed using high-temperature flue gas as heating agent
Gas and tar gasification reforming process provide heat, and utilize heat step by step, flue-gas temperature caused by pyrolysis gas burning for 1000~
1200 DEG C, first provide heat for (c) pyrolysis gas and the tar reforming process that gasifies, exit gas temperature is at 850~950 DEG C, flue gas
Process heat supply is carbonized for (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis again, fume afterheat is eventually used for air waste heat and pipeline heat insulation, so as to realize
Cascaded utilization of energy.
The present invention has advantages below or good effect：
(1) air part oxidative pyrolysis gas and tar, tar can either be cut down, or gasification reforming process provides heat
Amount.
(2) charcoal caused by biomass pyrolytic charing is accumulated in the reforming reactor that gasifies forms the charcoal bed of material, gas
To change reforming reactor temperature and be higher than biomass pyrolytic temperature, Pintsch process occurs for tar, and in tar from top to bottom through life
During the thing charcoal bed of material, mineral component contained by charcoal further catalytic tar can crack, and realize that tar is cut down.
(3) pyrolysis gas passes through the charcoal bed of material from top to bottom, CO in pyrolysis gas2, vapor reacted with charcoal,
It is converted into CO, H2Deng combustible gas component, pyrolysis gas quality-improving is realized.
(4) in the reforming process that gasifies, the tar that charcoal is adsorbed cracks under the high temperature conditions, meanwhile, biology
Charcoal and CO in pyrolysis gas2Reacted with vapor, the product that the tar and coke tar cracking that further abatement charcoal is adsorbed are formed
Carbon, increase the specific surface area of charcoal, realize the lifting of charcoal quality.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the process chart that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal.
Embodiment：
Embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：The biomass materials such as the stalk of water content 10~20%
Biomass pyrolytic charing reactor is added after broken pretreatment, biomass issues raw pyrolysis charring in isolation air conditionses, heat
Solution charing institute's calorific requirement high-temperature flue gas as caused by pyrolysis gas reuse burning provides, 500~650 DEG C of pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis is anti-
20~30min between seasonable, 70~80% Volatile, biomass decomposition produce pyrolysis gas, tar and life in pyrolytic process
Thing charcoal, pyrolysis gas are formed with CO2、H2、CH4, CO, based on the gas component such as vapor.
Thermal decomposition product enters gasification reforming reactor, sieve of the charcoal in gasification reforming reactor from pyrolysis charring reactor
Accumulation forms the charcoal bed of material above plate, be passed through in gasification reforming reactor porch a certain amount of air, pyrolysis gas and tar with
Partial oxidation reaction, the generation of part tar conversion CO, CO occur for air2, the gas component such as vapor, realize that the preliminary of tar disappears
Subtract.
From top to bottom by the charcoal bed of material, tar occurs Pintsch process and urged for tar and pyrolysis gas after partial oxidation
Change cracking, realize that tar is cut down；CO in pyrolysis gas2, vapor reacted with charcoal, be converted into CO, H2Deng combustible gas
Component, realize pyrolysis gas quality-improving；With CO2, during the component reaction such as vapor, tar and Jiao that charcoal is adsorbed
The carbon distribution that oil-breaking is formed is cut down, and the specific surface area increase of charcoal, charcoal quality gets a promotion.Gasify reforming reaction
Institute's calorific requirement part comes from the partial oxidation reaction of pyrolysis gas and tar, and another part heat is produced by pyrolysis gas reuse burning
Raw high-temperature flue gas provides, 800~1000 DEG C of gasification reforming reactor temperature.
After charcoal bed depth is more than 200mm, charcoal transporting threads start work, and charcoal is transported into charcoal
Storage room, after bed depth is down to 150mm, transporting threads are stopped.
Gasification reform after pyrolysis gas removing dust, catch burnt and deep cooling after, utilize device into pyrolysis gas.
Embodiment 1
Using 0.5~1mm wood chip powder as raw material, raw aqueous rate 15%, wood chip powder inlet amount 5kg/h, pyrolysis temperature
600 DEG C, residence time 20min in pyrolysis reactor, vapor intake 1kg/h, air intake 2kg/h of degree, gasification are reformed
800 DEG C of temperature, predominant gas composition are：CO 36.8%, CO217.9%th, H24.2%th, CH49.7%th, N216.7%, it is burnt
Oil content 80mg/Nm3。
Embodiment 2
Using 0.5~1mm wood chip powder as raw material, raw aqueous rate 15%, wood chip powder inlet amount 5kg/h, pyrolysis temperature
600 DEG C, residence time 20min in pyrolysis reactor, vapor intake 1kg/h, air intake 1.5kg/h of degree, gasification weight
Whole 1000 DEG C of temperature, predominant gas composition are：CO 42.6%, CO220.1%th, H29.2%th, CH40.7%th, N211.5%,
Tar content 40mg/Nm3。
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although reference
The present invention is described in detail for preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the present invention's
Technical scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover
Among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (6)
1. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal, mainly carbonized by biomass continuous pyrolysis,
Pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation, pyrolysis gas and tar gasification is reformed, charcoal transports, pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process group
Into, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(a) biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process：Biomass carries out continuous pyrolysis carbonization reaction, generation by external heating mode
Pyrolysis gas, tar and charcoal；
(b) pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation operation：Air is passed through from gasification reforming reactor porch, pyrolysis gas and tar with
Partial oxidation reaction occurs for air, can either cut down tar, can provide heat for gasification reforming reaction again；
(c) pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reforming process：Charcoal falls into gasification reforming reactor, and accumulation forms the material of certain altitude
Layer, pyrolysis gas and tar are from top to bottom by the charcoal bed of material, vapor, CO in pyrolysis gas2With tar in the charcoal bed of material
Generation gasification reforming reaction, realizes that tar is cut down, coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen and charcoal；
(d) charcoal transport process：After charcoal bed depth exceedes the upper limit, charcoal transporting threads start work, by biology
Charcoal transports charcoal storage room, and after bed depth is down to lower limit, transporting threads are stopped；
(e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process：High temperature pyrolysis gas after gasification is reformed enter cyclone separator, high temperature pyrolysis
Gas part reuse after gas solid separation is burnt, and form biomass pyrolysis reaction and gasification reforming reaction provide heat, by exchanging heat back
The waste heat of heat smoke caused by burning is received, waste heat is used for air preheat and pipeline heat insulation, realizes that the step of energy efficiently utilizes.
2. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal according to claim 1, its feature exist
External heating mode is used in (a) therein biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process, pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 500~650 DEG C or so,
The heating agent used is high-temperature flue gas caused by (e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process.
3. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal according to claim 1, its feature exist
Air partial oxidation (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process is utilized in (b) therein pyrolysis gas and tar fraction oxidation operation
Caused pyrolysis gas and tar, air intake are no more than the 10% of biomass completely burned required air quantity.
4. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal according to claim 1, its feature exist
Charcoal caused by (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis charing process is utilized in (c) therein pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reforming process,
Gasify reforming pyrolysis gas and tar；The process uses interior external heat heating agent, and interior heating heating agent derives from (b) pyrolysis gas and tar portion
Divide oxidation heat liberation, external heat heating agent is maintained at using high temperature hot gas caused by (e) pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process, temperature
800~1000 DEG C.
5. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal according to claim 1, its feature exist
In (d) therein charcoal transport process using level-sensing device control charcoal transporting threads startup and closing, level-sensing device it is upper
200mm is limited to, the lower limit of level-sensing device is 150mm, and the charcoal bed of material maintains 150~200mm in the reforming reactor that gasifies.
6. the technique that a kind of biomass pyrolytic coproduction high quality heat is vented one's spleen with charcoal according to claim 1, its feature exist
In (e) therein pyrolysis gas reuse combustion heat supplying process using high-temperature flue gas as heating agent, work is carbonized for (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis
Sequence and (c) pyrolysis gas and tar gasification reforming process provide heat, and utilize heat step by step, flue gas temperature caused by pyrolysis gas burning
Spend for 1000~1200 DEG C, first provide heat for (c) pyrolysis gas and the tar reforming process that gasifies, exit gas temperature 850~
950 DEG C, flue gas is the process heat supply of (a) biomass continuous pyrolysis again, and fume afterheat is eventually used for air waste heat and pipeline heat insulation, from
And realize cascaded utilization of energy.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410513A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-17 | 广东国能中林实业有限公司 | A kind of biomass graded gasification process and system |
| CN110157457A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-08-23 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of device and its application from heat supply biomass continuous pyrolysis charcoal |
| CN115181590A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-14 | 重庆科技学院 | Biomass double-circulation gasification decarburization reaction system in hierarchical decoupling mode |
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| CN104910969A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Novel brown coal gasification system and method |
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| CN1710023A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2005-12-21 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Low-tar biomass gasifying method and apparatus |
| CN104910969A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Novel brown coal gasification system and method |
| CN104974773A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-14 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Closed pyrolysis carbonization poly-generation process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410513A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-17 | 广东国能中林实业有限公司 | A kind of biomass graded gasification process and system |
| CN108410513B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广东国能中林实业有限公司 | Biomass staged gasification process and system |
| CN110157457A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-08-23 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of device and its application from heat supply biomass continuous pyrolysis charcoal |
| CN115181590A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-14 | 重庆科技学院 | Biomass double-circulation gasification decarburization reaction system in hierarchical decoupling mode |
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