CN107622152B - Electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for large power grid - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for a large power grid, relates to the technical field of transient simulation of power systems, and can enable an electromagnetic side to be correctly started to a target stable state. The method comprises the following steps: equating the first subnet to obtain two equivalent circuits a and b: a constant voltage source equivalent circuit without internal resistance and a Thevenin equivalent circuit; the circuit b is connected to a second subnet, and the voltage at the interface of the sub-network is monitored in real time; calculating the difference value between the voltage amplitude value of the network-splitting interface monitored at the previous moment and the voltage amplitude value of the circuit a, and adding the difference value and the voltage amplitude value of the circuit b at the previous moment to obtain the voltage amplitude value of the circuit b at the current moment; enabling the second subnet to freely run, judging whether the second subnet enters a stable state, if so, entering the next step, and if not, returning to the previous step; and restoring the voltage amplitude of the circuit b at the current moment to the original voltage amplitude of the circuit b, and enabling the second subnet to freely run until the second subnet enters a steady state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transient simulation of power systems, in particular to an electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for a large power grid.
Background
With the increasing of the interconnection scale of the current power system region, in order to perform accurate simulation on a part of power electronic devices and simultaneously retain the description of the dynamic characteristics of the whole large power grid, the conventional method is electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation.
The electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation is to divide a complete power grid into a first sub-network and a second sub-network, and the first sub-network and the second sub-network respectively perform simulation of electromechanical transient and electromagnetic transient modes. The first sub-network and the second sub-network are connected at the position of the sub-network, so that two typical transient processes of a complete power grid can be simulated simultaneously in one-time simulation. Due to the difference between modeling and model solving algorithms, the two transient simulation modes need to initialize the first subnet and the second subnet independently and respectively, and then can close the loop interface to perform normal hybrid simulation interactive calculation. Wherein the initialization of the first subnet is relatively simple; the second sub-network electromagnetic transient system generally comprises more power electronic devices, is very finely modeled, comprises more control logics, and has a relatively complex starting process.
Conventionally, the method for initializing the first subnet and the second subnet is to perform thevenin equivalence on the first subnet at the interface of the sub-network, and reconstruct the obtained equivalent circuit in the second subnet, so that the second subnet can freely run until the second subnet reaches a stable state. However, this method has a certain disadvantage, and in some cases, for example, the second sub-network is a large power electronic device such as a dc device, the initial injection power of the second sub-network is zero, but when the injection power is large during stabilization, the second sub-network will experience an overvoltage at the moment of starting, which causes a malfunction of a voltage sensitive device (such as a lightning arrester), and may result in that the second sub-network may not establish an effective initial stable state.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for hybrid electromechanical-electromagnetic transient simulation of a large power grid, so that an electromagnetic side of the power grid can be correctly started to a target stable state during hybrid simulation, and initialization of hybrid electromechanical-electromagnetic transient simulation of the large power grid is more convenient and efficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for a large power grid, which comprises the following steps:
s1: dividing the large power grid into a first sub-network and a second sub-network at a grid-dividing interface of the large power grid, placing the first sub-network on an electromechanical transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system, and placing the second sub-network on an electromagnetic transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system.
S2: and establishing a steady-state load flow model of the large power grid, calculating to obtain an initial stable state of the large power grid, and taking the initial stable state as a target stable state of the electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation.
S3: equating the first sub-network at the interface of the sub-network to obtain equivalent circuits in two forms: a circuit a: constant voltage source equivalent circuit without internal resistance, the voltage of which isThe internal resistance is 0; a circuit b: thevenin equivalent circuit with a voltage ofThe internal resistance is Z; wherein Z ≠ 0.
S4: connecting circuit b to the second subnetwork, keeping the voltage of circuit b at time t (k) asVoltage of circuit b at initial time t (0)Amplitude ofThe second sub-network is enabled to run freely, and the voltage at the interface of the sub-network is monitored in real timeWherein k is 0, 1, 2, 3, ….
S5: the amplitude value of the voltage at the network-dividing interface monitored at the moment t (k)Amplitude of voltage of AND circuit aComparing to obtain a difference valueAnd the difference value of △ Ut(k)Voltage of AND circuit b at time t (k)Amplitude ofAdding to obtain the voltage of the circuit b at the time t (k +1)Amplitude of
S6: enabling the second sub-network to freely run, judging whether the second sub-network enters a steady state or not, and if so, entering the step S7; if not, the process returns to step S5.
S7: the voltage amplitude of the circuit b at the time t (k +1) is restored to the original voltage amplitude of the circuit bThe second sub-network is allowed to run freely until a steady state is entered.
S8: starting the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient state initialization to enable the first sub-network and the second sub-network to jointly and freely run until the electromechanical-electromagnetic combined system integrally enters a stable state.
S9: and starting electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation calculation.
In the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method, two forms of equivalence are performed at the network-dividing interface of the first sub-network and the second sub-network to obtain two equivalent circuits: the voltage amplitude of the Thevenin equivalent circuit is continuously adjusted according to the voltage amplitude parameters of the two equivalent circuits, so that the voltage at the interface of the branch network is consistent with the voltage amplitude of the target stable state, and the purpose of clamping the voltage of the second sub-network is achieved, thereby effectively preventing the second sub-network from generating overvoltage in the initialization process, enabling the second sub-network to be correctly started to the target stable state, and further enabling the initialization of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation of the large power grid to be more convenient and effective.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hybrid electromechanical-electromagnetic transient simulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the second sub-network connected to the thevenin equivalent circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for a large power grid, which is characterized in that as shown in fig. 1, the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method comprises the following steps:
s1: dividing the large power grid into a first sub-network and a second sub-network at a grid-dividing interface of the large power grid, placing the first sub-network on an electromechanical transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system, and placing the second sub-network on an electromagnetic transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system.
S2: and establishing a steady-state load flow model of the large power grid, calculating to obtain an initial stable state of the large power grid, and taking the initial stable state as a target stable state of the electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation.
S3: equating the first sub-network at the interface of the sub-network to obtain equivalent circuits in two forms: a circuit a: constant voltage source equivalent circuit without internal resistance, the voltage of which isThe internal resistance is 0; a circuit b: thevenin equivalent circuit with a voltage ofThe internal resistance is Z; wherein Z ≠ 0.
S4: as shown in FIG. 2, circuit b is connected to the second subnet, and the voltage of circuit b at time t (k) is represented asVoltage of circuit b at initial time t (0)Amplitude ofThe second sub-network is enabled to run freely, and the voltage at the interface of the sub-network is monitored in real timeWherein k is 0, 1, 2, 3, ….
S5: the amplitude value of the voltage at the network-dividing interface monitored at the moment t (k)Amplitude of voltage of AND circuit aComparing to obtain a difference valueAnd the difference value of △ Ut(k)Voltage of AND circuit b at time t (k)Amplitude ofAdding to obtain the voltage of the circuit b at the time t (k +1)Amplitude of
In the above step S5, the difference △ U is foundt(k)Then, the difference value is △ Ut(k)Voltage of AND circuit b at time t (k)Amplitude ofBefore the addition, the method also comprises the step of determining a difference value △ Ut(k)The step of (3) is to compare the difference value △ Ut(k)And the set difference threshold value △ UmaxIf △ Ut(k)>△UmaxThen △ U is takent(k)=△Umax;-△Umax≤△Ut(k)≤△UmaxThen △ Ut(k)=△Ut(k)If △ Ut(k)<-△UmaxThen △ U is takent(k)=-△UmaxWherein, △ UmaxNot equal to infinity. That is to say that the position of the first electrode,for example:thereby △ U will be formedt(k)Is limited to △ UmaxWithin the range of (1), each adjustment is avoidedThe voltage amplitude of circuit b is such that the voltage on the second subnetwork fluctuates too much.
It should be noted that the difference threshold △ UmaxFor values set based on empirical values, for example: may be set to 5% of the grid voltage level.
S6: enabling the second sub-network to freely run, judging whether the second sub-network enters a steady state or not, and if so, entering the step S7; if not, the process returns to step S5.
Specific examples of steps S4 to S6 are: voltage of circuit b at initial time t (0)Amplitude ofThe second sub-network is allowed to run freely, and the voltage of the sub-network interface at the initial time t (0) is monitored and obtainedAfter the time interval △ t, the voltage to be monitored at the current time (i.e., time t (1)) isAmplitude ofVoltage of AND circuit aAmplitude ofComparing to obtain the difference between the twoWill be the difference value of △ Ut(0)Voltage of and circuit b at the previous time (i.e., initial time t (0))Amplitude ofThe voltage of the circuit b at the current time (i.e., time t (1)) is obtained by additionAmplitude ofAnd if not, circulating the process at specific time intervals of △ t according to the above description, and continuously updating and adjusting the amplitude of the voltage of the circuit b at the current moment until the second subnet enters the steady state.
In addition, for steps S4 to S6, the time interval between two adjacent times is △ t, and the value of △ t is preferably greater than or equal to a single step time of the second-subnet electromagnetic system and less than or equal to a plurality of cycle times of the first-subnet electromagnetic system, and △ t · f · △ Umax<△ U, wherein f is the frequency of the electromagnetic system, △ U is the voltage jump value allowed by the user in each period of the electromagnetic system, it should be noted that the smaller the value of the time interval △ t is, the better the clamping characteristic is but the worse the value stability is, the larger the value of the time interval △ t is, the worse the clamping characteristic is but the better the value stability is, and in the practical application process, the voltage jump value can be selected according to the practical requirement.
S7: the voltage amplitude of the circuit b at the time t (k +1) is restored to the original voltage amplitude of the circuit bThe second sub-network is allowed to run freely until a steady state is entered.
In the above step S7, the voltage of the circuit b at the time t (k +1) is restored to the original voltage of the circuit bAnd allowing the second sub-network to run freely until it enters a steady stateThe method also specifically comprises the following steps; voltage of comparison circuit b at time t (k)Original amplitude of voltage relative to circuit bAmount of fluctuation of (2)And the set difference threshold value △ UmaxIf, ifThenIf it isThenIf it isThenSo that the variation value of the circuit b at two adjacent moments can be adjustedIs limited to △ UmaxIn the range of (a), it is avoided that the voltage on the second sub-network fluctuates too much each time the voltage amplitude of the circuit b is adjusted.
In the process of steps S4 to S7, the voltage of the circuit bPhase ofRemain unchanged andequal to the original phase of the voltage of circuit bNamely, it isFor example:
s8: starting electromechanical-electromagnetic transient state initialization to enable the first sub-network and the second sub-network to jointly and freely run until the electromechanical-electromagnetic combined system integrally enters a target stable state;
s9: and starting electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation calculation.
In the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method provided by this embodiment, two forms of equivalence are performed at the network-splitting interface of the first subnet and the second subnet, so as to obtain two equivalent circuits: the voltage amplitude of the Thevenin equivalent circuit is continuously adjusted according to the voltage amplitude parameters of the two equivalent circuits, so that the voltage at the interface of the branch network is consistent with the voltage amplitude of the target stable state, and the purpose of clamping the voltage of the second sub-network is achieved, thereby effectively preventing the second sub-network from generating overvoltage in the initialization process, enabling the second sub-network to be correctly started to the target stable state, and further enabling the initialization of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation of the large power grid to be more convenient and effective.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method for a large power grid, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dividing the large power grid into a first sub-network and a second sub-network at a grid-dividing interface of the large power grid, placing the first sub-network on an electromechanical transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system, and placing the second sub-network on an electromagnetic transient side of the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation system;
s2: establishing a steady-state power flow model of the large power grid, calculating to obtain an initial stable state of the large power grid, and taking the initial stable state as a target stable state of the electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation;
s3: equating the first sub-network at the interface of the sub-network to obtain equivalent circuits in two forms: a circuit a: constant voltage source equivalent circuit without internal resistance, the voltage of which isThe internal resistance is 0; a circuit b: thevenin equivalent circuit with a voltage ofThe internal resistance is Z; wherein Z is not equal to 0;
s4: connecting circuit b to the second subnetwork, keeping the voltage of circuit b at time t (k) asVoltage of circuit b at initial time t (0)Amplitude ofThe second sub-network is enabled to run freely, and the voltage at the interface of the sub-network is monitored in real timeWherein k is 0, 1, 2, 3, …;
s5: the amplitude value of the voltage at the network-dividing interface monitored at the moment t (k)Amplitude of voltage of AND circuit aComparing to obtain a difference valueAnd the difference value of △ Ut(k)Voltage of AND circuit b at time t (k)Amplitude ofAdding to obtain the voltage of the circuit b at the time t (k +1)Amplitude of
S6: enabling the second sub-network to freely run, judging whether the second sub-network enters a steady state or not, and if so, entering the step S7; if not, returning to the step S5;
s7: the voltage amplitude of the circuit b at the time t (k +1) is restored to the original voltage amplitude of the circuit bEnabling the second sub-network to freely run until the second sub-network enters a steady state;
s8: starting electromechanical-electromagnetic transient state initialization to enable the first sub-network and the second sub-network to jointly and freely run until the electromechanical-electromagnetic combined system integrally enters a target stable state;
s9: and starting electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation calculation.
3. The electro-mechanical-electro-magnetic transient hybrid simulation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the difference value is obtainedAnd said difference value △ Ut(k)Voltage of AND circuit b at time t (k)Amplitude ofBetween the additions, further comprising comparing the difference △ Ut(k)And the set difference threshold value △ UmaxIf △ Ut(k)>△UmaxThen △ U is takent(k)=△Umax;-△Umax≤△Ut(k)≤△UmaxThen △ Ut(k)=△Ut(k)If △ Ut(k)<-△UmaxThen △ U is takent(k)=-△Umax;
Wherein, △ Umax≠∞。
4. The electro-mechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method according to claim 3, wherein in step S7, the step of restoring the amplitude of the voltage of the circuit b at the time t (k +1) to the original amplitude of the voltage of the circuit bAnd the second subnet is enabled to freely run until the steady state is entered, and the method also comprises the following steps; voltage of comparison circuit b at time t (k)Original amplitude of voltage relative to circuit bAmount of fluctuation of (2)And the set difference threshold value △ UmaxIf, ifThenIf it isThenIf it isThen
5. The electro-mechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the time interval between two adjacent moments is △ t, △ t is greater than or equal to a single step time of the second sub-network electromagnetic system, is less than or equal to a plurality of cycle times of the first sub-network electromagnetic system, and is △ t-f- △ Umax<△ U, where f is the frequency of the electromagnetic system, △ U is the user set voltage jump allowed per cycle of the electromagnetic system.
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