CN1076149A - Produce the technology of sintered compact by high-alloy steel powder - Google Patents
Produce the technology of sintered compact by high-alloy steel powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1076149A CN1076149A CN 93102317 CN93102317A CN1076149A CN 1076149 A CN1076149 A CN 1076149A CN 93102317 CN93102317 CN 93102317 CN 93102317 A CN93102317 A CN 93102317A CN 1076149 A CN1076149 A CN 1076149A
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- technology
- boron
- sintering
- steel shot
- comminuted steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
This technology is used for by high-alloy steel powder production sintered compact.Comminuted steel shot is heated to sintering temperature and keeps this sintering temperature to the scheduled time in this technology, makes formed sintered compact cooling then.The purpose of this technology is to produce a kind of high-density sintered briquet that especially has good mechanical properties and chemical property in the temperature range up to 600 ℃ under alap temperature, makes the boron of interpolation be dispersed in the purpose that has just reached this technology in this comminuted steel shot as sintering aid and before sintering by the boron that adds element form or compound form in the martensite steel powder.
Description
The present invention is based on technology by high-alloy steel powder production sintered compact.In this technology, comminuted steel shot is heated to sintering temperature, and keeps this sintering temperature to preset time, makes formed sintered compact cooling then.
The present invention for example rolls up pointed prior art in " powder metallurgy " (Powder Metallurgy) 360-361 page or leaf " metals handbook " (Metals Handbook) the 9th edition the 7th with reference to prior art.Described a kind of technology of producing sintered compact in this prior art, wherein the green briquette compacting that under the approaching temperature of used comminuted steel shot fusing point the preformed compact comminuted steel shot is obtained is to obtain a kind of sintered compact.In order to obtain a kind of sintered compact that can reach density in theory of imaginary 100% that is compacted to, need usually to adopt hot isostatic pressing method that this sintered compact is carried out the back pressed compact.But, desired high temperature of sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and long-time one side can cause the comminuted steel shot decarburization, thereby make its mechanical performance and chemical property produce sizable variation, on the other hand,, granularity produces the unfavorable structure of this sintered compact target performance thereby being increased fast.
At " powder metallurgy progress " (Progress in Powder Metallurgy) the 42nd volume (1986), also having narrated boron in the 267-281 page or leaf is the sintering aid of iron powder.The boron that this is due to the following facts: minute quantity be dissolved in the iron and formed on the border of iron powder particulate can influence iron powder improvement sintering contain FeB or FeB
2Liquid phase.
Paper " Effecf of boron on the mechanical properties of modified 12% chromium steels " (boron is to the influence of improved 12% chromium steel mechanical performance) ETH NO.8596(1988 from P.Ernst) can learn that also a spot of boron can significantly improve the croop property of casting creep resistant chromium steel.
Purpose as Patent right requirement 1 defined institute of the present invention foundation is to point out a kind of technology of being produced sintered compact by high-alloy steel powder, this technology can be produced the high-density sintered briquet with good mechanical properties and chemical property under alap temperature, especially when the temperature range up to 600 ℃.
Being characterised in that according to technology of the present invention can be by producing than the technical measures that are easier to implement based on the extremely closely knit sintered compact of high alloy martensite comminuted steel shot.With regard to its mechanical performance and chemical property, especially when temperature range up to 600 ℃, these sintered compacts can be compared with the sintered compact of producing according to the prior art method, yet they also must carry out high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) so that reach corresponding density thereafter.Technology of the present invention is based on following discovery: add boron and can produce a kind of extremely closely knit sintered compact under lower temperature and need not to carry out thereafter high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) step in comminuted steel shot, especially, if the boron that is added was distributed in before sintering in this comminuted steel shot equably, and is all the more so.In addition, have now found that, when adopting this technology, although there is alloying component with higher partial pressure, for example chromium or manganese, however the chemical composition of comminuted steel shot can not change in sintering process.
By accompanying drawing an illustrative preferably specific embodiments of the present invention is described below.
Description of drawings is with the density d (A) of (%) expression and d(B) with the granularity g(A of (millimeter) expression) and g(B) to by the sintered compact A of explained hereafter of the present invention and press the sintering time t(branch of the sintered compact B of prior art production) dependence.
The initial alloy that is used to produce these two kinds of sintered compact A and B is that model is the high-alloy steel powder of SS422, is called X20 CrMoV121 by the name of Germany, better produces with atomization in a kind of gas atmosphere.The chemical composition of this comminuted steel shot is as follows:
Component content %(weight)
C 0.19
Cr 13.30
Mo 1.02
V 0.31
Mn 0.32
Ni 0.63
Si 0.35
Fe all the other
The content of phosphorus, sulphur, oxygen and nitrogen is in each case all less than 0.05%(weight).
The structure of this alloy is preponderated with martensite, and contains the δ-ferrite and the austenite of a small amount of ratio.The particle mean size of powder particle is less than 25 microns.By the characteristics of the foundry goods of this manufacture of materials be in about 500 ℃ of its 0.2 creep limits after heat treatment up to about 1200 MPas, at 700 ℃ through under up to 600 ℃ temperature, having high creep resistance behind the heat place.Because chromium content height, this alloy is very corrosion-resistant, thereby is specially adapted to make the corrosion-resistant parts that are exposed to high temperature, for example, and the blade of steam turbines particularly.
Mechanical performance and chemical property are suitable, but form slightly differently, also can be used to replace above-mentioned alloy as the alloy of chromium content between 10-15%, are used for by explained hereafter sintered compact of the present invention.
Except comminuted steel shot, the powder of boracic also can be used as parent material.But this powder containing element boron and/or boron compound, for example, FeB particularly.Its particle mean size for example can be about 1 micron, but also can advantageously select bigger granularity.Especially if make comminuted steel shot and contain boron powder and mix mutually faster, and contain the unlikely generation caking of boron particles, have larger particles, the powder that for example is of a size of 10 or 20 micron particles is favourable.Under the less situation of boracic particles of powder, it is favourable will containing in mixed process that boron powder and comminuted steel shot mill together, thereby reaches and contain the even distribution of boron particles in comminuted steel shot because do the caking that can avoid containing boron particles like this.By atomizing, particularly in a kind of gas atmosphere atomizing boron is joined in the comminuted steel shot also is very desirable because just can make the distribution of boron in comminuted steel shot even especially like this, in addition, can also get rid of the danger of introducing impurity fully.This atomizing can particularly advantageously merge with comminuted steel shot production to be carried out, if this comminuted steel shot is to be produced by the atomizing of initial alloy.
Another operable raw material is a granularity less than 150 microns graphite powder.If initial alloy carbon containing or only contain minute quantity carbon not in atomization process, this is particularly advantageous.
Will be at least 99.5%(weight) comminuted steel shot, at the most 0.3%, better 0.1-0.2%(weight) contain boron powder and at the most 0.1%, better 0.05%(weight) graphite powder places a mixer to rotate together about 30 minutes.Then with this mixture in batches (every batch about 25 gram powder) put into be of a size of about 50 * 15 * 15(millimeter) rectangular die in.The filling mould of loosely having been poured into powder is incorporated in the sintering furnace that a nickel steel pipe is housed for presintering usefulness.A kind of sintering gas that will be under the atmospheric pressure and preferably contain argon gas is sent in the stove.The sintering furnace that these moulds are housed is heated to about 1000 ℃ with the about 5 ℃ speed of per minute, and keeps this temperature to make an appointment with half an hour, be cooled to room temperature with the about 5 ℃ speed of per minute then.The density of not adding the presintering batch of material of boron is the theoretical 61.5%(4.76 gram per centimeter that can reach density
3), containing 0.2%(weight) density of adding the presintering batch of material of boron then is the theoretical 64.5%(4.99 gram per centimeter that can reach density
3).
Be of a size of 20 * 10 * 10(millimeter from this presintering batch of material cutting-out) prismatic compact, and place the temperature of sintering furnace between 1300-1380 ℃ that can be evacuated and be equipped with an aluminium oxide pipe at vacuum and/or a kind of gas atmosphere these briquets, be preferably in many 5 hours the time that sinters in the atmosphere that contains argon gas.
The speed of heating and cooling is at most 20 ℃ of per minutes in this operation.In this operating process, the carbon that vapors away from comminuted steel shot during sintering is compensated basically by adding graphite powder.This compensation also can for example infeed the sintering gas that contains carbon monoxide and realize by being higher than in temperature during 1200 ℃ the sintering.Make comminuted steel shot be lower than about 1200 ℃ temperature carbon dope then.Be higher than about 1200 ℃ temperature generation decarburization then.If when the sintered compact that cooling is generated, use the words of a kind of inert gas in about 1200 ℃ temperature as sintering gas or use vacuum, so by the gas that infeeds being carried out suitable metering and control reasonable time, just can make carbon content in the sintered compact be equivalent to carbon content in the comminuted steel shot.The density of sintered compact is measured according to Archimedes principle, and its structure granularity is measured by means of photomicrography.
In the accompanying drawings, to the density d (A) of the sintered compact A that is maintained at about 1320 ℃ of sintering temperatures and B and d(B) and granularity g(A) and g(B) compare mutually.The sintered compact A that produces according to technology of the present invention contains comminuted steel shot recited above and 0.2%(weight) boron; On the other hand, the sintered compact B according to prior art production then only contains comminuted steel shot.As from curve d(A) can see, add a spot of boron, after 1320 ℃ of sintering 1 hour, just made 100% pressed compact in fact, the i.e. sintered compact A of atresia in fact, in contrast to this, corresponding pressed compact but do not add the sintered compact of boron, according to curve d(B), a pressed compact is to 96-97%.In fact, to the measured granularity of the structure of sintered compact A is about 50-60 micron, as if granularity than sintered compact B is big for this, but, must consider sintered compact B must be under the pressure of 1000-1200 crust and 1100-1250 ℃ temperature carry out back pressed compact with hot isostatic pressing method so that obtain can with the density of sintered compact A comparison.Yet, when the pressed compact of back, can generate thicker grain structure.
With compare according to the sintered compact of prior art production, some mechanical performance according to the sintered compact of explained hereafter of the present invention is significantly increased as creep resistance, and other mechanical performance, important performance during in particular as the steam turbines blade still can keep as toughness and corrosion resistance.
Very importantly, boron should be homodisperse especially form in comminuted steel shot when implementing technology of the present invention, because assemble at some positions in comminuted steel shot contains boron powder and can diffuse in the steel alternatively, and stay undesirable micropore afterwards when sintering.
If under vacuum, carry out when sintering begins, in a kind of inert gas atmosphere, better be in containing the atmosphere of argon gas, to carry out then, just can make closely knit especially sintered compact.Simultaneously, adopt this sintering step also can avoid the substance evaporation of comminuted steel shot composition and the loss in weight of the sintered compact of comparing with initiation material weight that produces therefrom greatly.In addition,, the micropore of agglomerate recharges vacuum with argon gas at once in case just no longer contacting with the surface, like this, because the result of the pressure reduction between the atmosphere (greater than the argon gas of 1 crust) in micropore (vacuum) and the stove has just realized further pressed compact.
Claims (10)
1, by the technology of high-alloy steel powder production sintered compact, comminuted steel shot is heated to sintering temperature in this technology, and keep this sintering temperature to preset time, make the cooling of formed sintered compact then, it is characterized in that the boron that is element form or is compound form added in the martensite comminuted steel shot as sintering aid and the boron that added before sintering, being evenly dispersed in this comminuted steel shot.
2, according to the technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that boron adds with powder type, and before sintering comminuted steel shot with contain boron powder and milled and be in the same place.
3,, it is characterized in that boron adds with atomization when comminuted steel shot is produced according to the technology of claim 1.
4, according to each technology in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that adding 0.3%(weight at the most) boron.
5,, it is characterized in that it better being to add 0.1-0.2(weight according to the technology of claim 3) boron.
6,, it is characterized in that in comminuted steel shot except boron, also being added into many 0.1%(weight according to each technology in the claim 1 to 5), better about 0.05%(weight) carbon.
7, according to each technology in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that sintering operation is temporarily to carry out at least under vacuum.
8, according to the technology of claim 7, it is characterized in that in comminuted steel shot after the micropore sealing, in gas atmosphere, contain more fortunately in the atmosphere of argon gas and finish sintering.
9,, it is characterized in that used comminuted steel shot is that model is the chromium steel of X20CrMoV121 according to the technology of claim 8.
10,, it is characterized in that sintering carries out at about 1300-1380 ℃ according to the technology of claim 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19924207379 DE4207379A1 (en) | 1992-03-09 | 1992-03-09 | METHOD AND PRODUCTION OF A SINTERED COATER OF HIGH-ALLOY STEEL POWDER |
| DEP4207379.0 | 1992-03-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1076149A true CN1076149A (en) | 1993-09-15 |
Family
ID=6453557
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93102317 Pending CN1076149A (en) | 1992-03-09 | 1993-03-09 | Produce the technology of sintered compact by high-alloy steel powder |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1076149A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4207379A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993018195A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1086615C (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2002-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Process for preparing metal-base particles reinforced composite material |
| CN1086616C (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2002-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus for smelting-solidifying technology |
| CN106238740A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-21 | 长沙众聚达精密机械有限公司 | Pure iron and low activity steel low-temperature reinforcement method of attachment |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6149706A (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 2000-11-21 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Norrosion resistant sintered body having excellent ductility, sensor ring using the same, and engagement part using the same |
| AT411691B (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-26 | Miba Sintermetall Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SHAPED BODY FROM SINTER METAL |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4014680A (en) * | 1975-01-22 | 1977-03-29 | Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. | Prealloyed stainless steel powder for liquid phase sintering |
| AT381660B (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-11-10 | Miba Sintermetall Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS FILTER BODIES FROM METAL POWDER |
| US4618473A (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-10-21 | General Motors Corporation | Iron powder article having improved toughness |
| US4678510A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-07 | General Motors Corporation | Wear resistant iron powder article |
| FR2596067B1 (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1991-02-08 | Metafram Alliages Fritte | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SINTERED RAPID STEEL PARTS |
| KR910002918B1 (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1991-05-10 | 미쯔비시마테리알 가부시기가이샤 | Fe sintered alloy synchronizing ring for transmission |
-
1992
- 1992-03-09 DE DE19924207379 patent/DE4207379A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 WO PCT/CH1993/000043 patent/WO1993018195A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-03-09 CN CN 93102317 patent/CN1076149A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1086615C (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2002-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Process for preparing metal-base particles reinforced composite material |
| CN1086616C (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2002-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus for smelting-solidifying technology |
| CN106238740A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-21 | 长沙众聚达精密机械有限公司 | Pure iron and low activity steel low-temperature reinforcement method of attachment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4207379A1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
| WO1993018195A1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |