CN107605488B - Drilling shaft and suspension sinking filling reinforcement method thereof - Google Patents
Drilling shaft and suspension sinking filling reinforcement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605488B CN107605488B CN201710749555.XA CN201710749555A CN107605488B CN 107605488 B CN107605488 B CN 107605488B CN 201710749555 A CN201710749555 A CN 201710749555A CN 107605488 B CN107605488 B CN 107605488B
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Abstract
The invention provides a well drilling shaft and a suspension sinking filling and reinforcing method thereof, comprising a shaft wall structure and a shaft wall bottom structure; the well wall bottom structure at least comprises a shell wall with a hollow spherical shell shape at the lower part, wherein the shell wall consists of a prefabricated well wall bottom part and a rear filling concrete part, and the rear filling concrete part is covered above the prefabricated well wall bottom part. The invention provides that when the structure of the well wall bottom is designed, the maximum thickness of the prefabricated well wall bottom is limited by not exceeding the lifting capacity of a crane, and the strength deficiency is compensated by pouring concrete into the prefabricated well wall bottom in the suspension sinking process. The method solves the problem of lifting capacity of the well wall bottom structure, meets the strength requirement, and solves the technical problem of key construction of the deep and large well drilling shaft. According to the invention, the well wall bottom structure is calculated through numerical simulation, the five-section type rear filling well wall bottom structure is obtained through combination with site construction optimization, the prefabricated well wall bottom and the rear filling concrete part jointly bear stratum load, and the well shaft is safe and reliable in stress and deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of special well sinking of mining engineering well drilling methods, in particular to a well shaft bottom suspension sinking filling reinforcement method for a well drilling well shaft with deep well shaft and large well shaft diameter.
Background
With the continuous development of coal resources, the thickness of the surface soil alluvial layer penetrated during the construction of a new well reaches 500-800 m. Well construction in such deep overburden is one of the effective methods of drilling.
For general well drilling shaft engineering, the bottom of the well wall is cast and manufactured on the ground at one time according to a design drawing, after the well drilling work is finished, the well wall bottom and the well wall which are prefabricated on the ground are transported to a well head section by section, are in butt joint in sequence, and slowly suspend and sink the well wall to the design depth of the well shaft by means of the buoyancy of slurry, the dead weight of the well wall and the weight of water injected into the well shaft. However, for deep wells and large-diameter well drilling shafts, the stress on the bottom of the well wall becomes very complex, and the existing construction process must be changed. This is because in the engineering of deep wells and large-diameter well bores, the well bottom is highly stressed, and the bearing capacity of the well bottom must be improved in order to resist the strong external load. When the design value of the concrete strength grade is fixed, the strength of the concrete is mainly improved by increasing the thickness of the bottom of the well wall. However, as the thickness of the well wall bottom is increased, the dead weight of the well wall bottom is increased, and the lifting capacity of a crane matched with the conventional large drilling machine for the coal mine shaft in China is fixed, when the weight of the well wall bottom exceeds the lifting capacity of the crane, the well wall bottom cannot be constructed by adopting a drilling method, and the problem becomes the technical bottleneck of drilling by the drilling method.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the weight of the bottom of a well wall designed by a conventional method for a well drilling shaft with a deep well and a large diameter is overweight, the weight of the bottom of the well wall exceeds the lifting capacity of a crane, and the well drilling method cannot be used for construction, and provides a well drilling shaft bottom suspension sinking filling reinforcing method for a well drilling shaft with a deep well and a large well drilling shaft diameter.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a well bore, the well bore comprising: the well wall structure is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of well walls, and the shape of the well wall is hollow cylindrical; the upper part of the well wall bottom structure is hollow cylindrical, and the lower part of the well wall bottom structure is hollow spherical shell; the upper part and the lower part of the well wall bottom structure are connected, the opening direction of the well wall bottom structure is upward, and the upper part of the well wall bottom structure is connected with the lower part of the well wall body structure; the well wall bottom structure at least comprises a shell wall with a hollow spherical shell shape at the lower part, wherein the shell wall consists of a prefabricated well wall bottom part and a rear filling concrete part, and the rear filling concrete part covers the upper part of the prefabricated well wall bottom part.
In the well bore as described above, preferably, the post-filled concrete portion is composed of a plurality of concrete segments, and the post-filled concrete portion has a center-symmetrical structure; and templates are arranged among the concrete sections and used for spacing the flow of the concrete, so that the structural form of the concrete sections can be formed conveniently when the concrete is poured.
In a well bore as described above, the post-filled concrete portion is preferably composed of five-section concrete.
In the well bore as described above, preferably, the prefabricated well bottom portion and the post-filled concrete portion are connected to a fiber bragg grating test system for monitoring stress and deformation of the well bottom structure in the well bore in real time.
In a well bore as described above, preferably, the fiber bragg grating testing system comprises a sensor and a surface detection device; the prefabricated well wall bottom part and the inside of back filling concrete part are all provided with a plurality of sensors, the sensor pass through transmission optical cable with ground check out test set is connected for with the atress signal transfer extremely on the ground check out test set, be convenient for engineering personnel real-time supervision the atress and the deformation condition of well wall bottom structure.
In a wellbore as described above, preferably the surface detection device comprises a signal demodulator, a data storage and a display terminal; the signal demodulator receives and demodulates the stress signal transmitted by the sensor into data, the data is stored by the data memory, and the stored data is displayed by the display terminal.
A method of levitation, sinking, filling and strengthening a well bore, the method of levitation, sinking, filling and strengthening the well bore comprising the steps of:
1) Prefabricating a prefabricated well bottom part in the well bottom structure on the ground, and prefabricating a plurality of sections of well walls in the well wall structure on the ground according to the depth design requirement of the well drilling well shaft;
the thickness dimension of the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall is set according to the lifting capacity of a crane in drilling construction engineering and the specification dimension design requirement of the drilling well shaft;
2) Setting up templates, namely setting up a plurality of templates in the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall which is prefabricated in the step 1), wherein the templates are set up into a central symmetrical structure;
3) A step of suspending and sinking the prefabricated well wall bottom part, wherein after the drilling construction work is finished, the prefabricated multi-section well wall in the step 1) and the prefabricated well wall bottom part with a plurality of templates built in the step 2) are conveyed to a well mouth of the well;
firstly, hoisting the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall into the well drilling filled with slurry by using a crane, and suspending and sinking the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall by means of the buoyancy of the slurry in the well drilling and the weight of the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall;
4) A well drilling shaft suspending, sinking and filling step, namely suspending and sinking a section of well wall into the well drilling by adopting a crane after the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall in the step 3) is suspended and submerged into the well drilling, connecting the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall with the well drilling, and then suspending the rest of well wall into the well drilling by adopting the crane in sequence, connecting the rest of well wall with the last section of well wall until the connection and installation work of the well drilling shaft is completed;
when the upper end of the well wall floating in the well drilling is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, casting concrete into the well wall bottom structure which is suspended and submerged, so as to form a post-filling concrete part; and then according to the suspension condition of the well wall, injecting weight water into the well drilling well bore to finish section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well bore.
In the suspension sinking filling reinforcing method of the well drilling shaft, preferably, the diameter of the wall body structure of the well drilling shaft is more than 8m, the depth of the well drilling shaft is more than 400m, and the horizontal load of the wall bottom structure is more than 10MPa; the concrete poured into the well wall bottom structure which is suspended and sunk in the step 4) is high-strength concrete with the carbon number of 70-80; in the step 4), the specific operation of injecting the weight water into the well drilling shaft according to the suspension condition of the well wall is as follows: when the upper end of the well wall floating in the well is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, and meanwhile, when the later filling concrete part reaches 70% of the design strength, weight water is injected into the well drilling well, so that the section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well is completed.
In the method for reinforcing the suspension sinking filling of the well drilling shaft, preferably, the prefabricated well bottom part and the post-filling concrete part are connected with a fiber bragg grating test system, and the fiber bragg grating test system is used for monitoring the stress and deformation condition of the well bottom structure in the well drilling shaft in real time; the fiber bragg grating test system comprises a sensor and ground detection equipment; in the process of prefabricating the prefabricated well wall bottom part on the ground in the step 1), embedding a plurality of sensors in the prefabricated well wall bottom part; in the process of casting concrete in step 4) to form a post-filled concrete portion, embedding a plurality of sensors within the post-filled concrete portion; the prefabricated well wall bottom part and the plurality of sensors buried in the rear filling concrete part are connected with the ground detection equipment through transmission optical cables and are used for transmitting stress signals to the ground detection equipment, so that engineering personnel can conveniently monitor stress and deformation conditions of the well wall bottom structure in real time.
In the method for reinforcing a well bore by suspended sinking filling as described above, preferably, in step 2), a plurality of templates are built in the prefabricated well wall bottom portion, and a plurality of the templates are built into five areas, so that a filled concrete portion formed when concrete is poured into the well wall bottom structure is a five-section concrete structure.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
(1) The technical scheme provided by the invention is that when the well wall bottom is designed, the maximum thickness of the well wall bottom is limited to not exceed the lifting capacity of a crane, and the part with insufficient strength is made up by pouring concrete into the well wall bottom in the suspension sinking process. The technical scheme solves the difficult problem that the lifting capacity of the bottom of the well wall is limited, meets the strength requirement, and solves the key construction technical problem of a deep well and a large-diameter drilling shaft. The invention adopts post-filling concrete to strengthen the bottom structure of the well wall of the well drilling well bore with deep well and large diameter, and solves the contradiction between limited lifting capacity of the well bore and large load of the bottom of the well wall.
(2) According to the invention, through numerical simulation analysis and construction process comparison, the five-section well wall bottom structure is obtained, so that the well wall bottom can bear stratum load better, the structural body is balanced in stress and is not easy to deform. And verifying the stress safety and the construction feasibility of the five-section type rear filling well wall bottom structure of the deep and large well drilling shaft through numerical simulation calculation.
(3) The invention adopts the fiber bragg grating sensing test system to monitor the stress and deformation of the well wall bottom structure, thereby ensuring the sinking safety of the well shaft. The invention utilizes the fiber bragg grating test technology to monitor the safety of the sinking process of the well wall bottom structure in real time;
(4) The invention has wide practicability and easy operability.
(5) The technical scheme of the invention is applied to a special well sinking method for well drilling, wherein the diameter of a sinking well barrel is large, the well wall bottom is positioned in a deep stratum, the load is large, and the total weight of the well wall bottom structure exceeds the lifting capacity of a crane at a construction site. If the diameter is more than 8m and the depth is more than 400m, the horizontal load of the bottom of the well wall is more than 10MPa, the maximum lifting capacity of the existing crane is 200t, the weight of the bottom of the well wall of the deep and large well drilling well is far more than 200t according to the existing method, and the well drilling and sinking method cannot normally operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a bottom portion of a prefabricated well wall on the ground, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a five-section post-filling well bottom part obtained by filling concrete on a prefabricated well bottom part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a fiber bragg grating sensing test system for a well bottom structure of a well bore provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a plurality of sensors in a borehole wall substructure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-prefabricating a well wall bottom part; 2-post-filling the concrete portion; 3-a sensor; a 4-signal demodulator; 5-a data memory; 6-displaying the terminal; 7-upper part; 8-lower part.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "coupled" and "connected" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly coupled or detachably coupled; either directly or indirectly through intermediate components, the specific meaning of the terms being understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a well bore with a deep well bore and a larger well bore diameter, the well bore comprising: the well wall structure is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of well walls, and the shape of the well wall is hollow cylindrical. The upper part 7 of the well wall bottom structure is hollow cylindrical, and the lower part 8 of the well wall bottom structure is hollow spherical shell; the upper part 7 and the lower part 8 of the well wall bottom structure are connected, the opening direction of the well wall bottom structure is upward, and the upper part 7 of the well wall bottom structure is connected with the lower part of the well wall body structure; the well wall bottom structure at least comprises a shell wall with a hollow spherical shell shape at the lower part, wherein the shell wall consists of a prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 and a rear filling concrete part 2, and the rear filling concrete part 2 is covered above the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1. The lower part 8 of the well wall bottom structure is in a hollow spherical shell shape, and is not an integral spherical shell, the lower part 8 of the well wall bottom structure is only a part of the integral spherical shell, the integral structure of the well wall bottom structure is that the upper part 7 is cylindrical, and the lower part 8 is in a spherical shell shape.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, for convenience of construction, the upper hollow cylindrical column wall of the well wall bottom structure is composed of a prefabricated well wall bottom part 1, and the lower hollow spherical shell-shaped shell wall of the well wall bottom structure is composed of the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 and a post-filling concrete part 2.
In another embodiment of the invention, the upper hollow cylindrical column wall of the wall-bottom structure consists of a prefabricated wall-bottom part 1 and a post-filled concrete part 2, and the lower hollow spherical shell-like shell wall of the wall-bottom structure consists of a prefabricated wall-bottom part 1 and a post-filled concrete part 2.
Preferably, the well drilling shaft with deep shaft and larger shaft diameter is specifically: the diameter of the well wall structure of the well drilling well is more than 8m, the depth of the well drilling well is more than 400m, and the horizontal load of the well wall bottom structure is more than 10MPa.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, the post-filling concrete part 2 is formed by surrounding a plurality of sections of concrete into a central symmetrical structure, templates are arranged among the sections of concrete and used for spacing the flow of the concrete, so that the structural form of the sections of concrete can be formed when the concrete is poured. Preferably, the form is a wood form.
It is further preferred that the post-filled concrete portion 2 is formed of a five-section concrete surrounding winding into a centrosymmetric structure.
In addition, in the borehole wall bottom structure of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the prefabricated borehole wall bottom portion 1 is h, the inner radius is R, and the outer radius is R; the average thickness of the post-filled concrete portion 2 is m. The upper part 7 of the well wall bottom structure has a hollow cylindrical inner diameter D and a thickness h. Wherein D is less than 2R, and D+2h is less than 2R. The average thickness m of the post-filling concrete part 2 and the values of R, R and h of the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 are determined by numerical calculation according to the material strength and external load of the well wall bottom structure. Wherein the average thickness m of the post-filled concrete part 2 is the average of the maximum value and the minimum value of the distance between each segment of the post-filled concrete part and the inner edge of the precast well wall bottom part 1.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the prefabricated well bottom part 1 and the post-filling concrete part 2 are connected with a fiber bragg grating test system which is used for monitoring the stress and deformation condition of a well bottom structure in a well drilling shaft in real time.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the fiber bragg grating test system comprises a sensor 3 and a ground detection device. The inside at prefabricated wall of a well end part 1 and back filling concrete part 2 all is provided with a plurality of sensors 3, and sensor 3 is connected with ground check out test set through transmission optical cable for on conveying the atress signal to ground check out test set, be convenient for engineering personnel real-time supervision wall of a well end structure's atress and deformation condition. The ground detection device comprises a signal demodulator 4, a data memory 5 and a display terminal 6; the signal demodulator 4 receives and demodulates the stress signal transmitted by the sensor 3 into data, and then the data is stored by the data memory 5, and then the stored data is displayed by the display terminal 6. Preferably, the sensors 3 are arranged in both circumferential and radial arrangements within the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 and the post-filled concrete part 2. It is further preferable that the sensors 3 are provided in each of the post-filled concrete portions 2, and the sensors 3 provided in the prefabricated wall bottom portion 1 are in one-to-one correspondence with the sensors 3 provided in each of the post-filled concrete portions 2 and are parallel to each other (as shown in fig. 4).
In another embodiment of the invention, for deep wells, large diameter well bores, the well bottom structure designed by conventional methods will be overweight and not be constructed by drilling. Because the well wall bottom structure is stressed less in the initial sinking stage, the thickness of the well wall bottom structure is smaller at the moment, and the external load can be resisted. As the sinking depth increases, the external load gradually increases, and the thickness of the required well wall low structure is thickened. When the well wall bottom structure is sunk to the lower part, the external load is the largest, and the well wall bottom structure also needs to be the thickest. Aiming at the stress characteristic, the invention provides a suspension sinking filling reinforcement method for a well drilling shaft with deep shaft and larger shaft diameter. When the ground is prefabricated, the maximum thickness of the well bottom structure is limited by not exceeding the lifting capacity of a crane, after the drilling operation is finished, the well bottom structure prefabricated on the ground and the upper well wall body structure are conveyed to a wellhead to be butted, suspension and sinking are carried out by means of the buoyancy and the dead weight of slurry, the buoyancy is increased more than the dead weight along with sequential access of the upper multi-section well wall, concrete is poured into the well bottom structure until the well bottom structure meets the strength design requirement, and the five-section back filling well bottom structure is formed. Then, with the increase of the sinking depth, adding weight water into the well bore, slowly suspending and sinking the well bore to the designed depth of the well bore, and completing the construction.
The specific construction steps of the suspension sinking filling reinforcement method of the well drilling shaft comprise the following steps:
1) Prefabricating a ground, namely prefabricating a prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 in the well wall bottom part 1 on the ground, and prefabricating a plurality of sections of well walls in a well wall body structure on the bottom according to the depth design requirement of a well drilling shaft;
when the well bottom part 1 is prefabricated, the thickness dimension of the well bottom part 1 is set according to the lifting capacity of a crane in drilling construction engineering and the specification dimension design requirement of a drilling shaft; the maximum thickness dimension of the prefabricated well bottom part 1 is not more than the lifting capacity of a crane used in the construction process, namely, the larger the thickness dimension of the prefabricated well bottom part 1 is, the heavier the weight of the prefabricated well bottom part 1 is, and the construction engineering cannot be completed after the lifting capacity of the crane is exceeded.
Specifically, the diameter of the well wall body structure of the well drilling well is more than 8m, the depth of the well drilling well is more than 400m, the horizontal load of the well wall bottom structure is more than 10MPa, and the well drilling well is a deep well and a large-diameter well drilling well.
Preferably, the crane of the case is a gantry crane. At present, the maximum lifting weight of a gantry crane used in the drilling method is 200t, so that the total weight of each section of well wall is required to be controlled below the lifting capacity, and after the deep and large well wall bottom structures are made of high-strength concrete, the total weight of the well wall bottom structures is still more than 200t, so that the conventional well drilling shaft suspending and sinking method cannot normally complete work. The invention divides the well wall bottom structure into a prefabricated part and a post-poured concrete part, and the ground prefabricated part is poured firstly, and the weight is controlled within 200 t; and then filling part of concrete after pouring by means of buoyancy in the lifting and sinking process.
2) And a template building step, namely building a plurality of templates in the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 prefabricated in the step 1), wherein the templates are built into a central symmetrical structure.
Preferably, a plurality of templates are built in the prefabricated well bottom part 1, and the templates are built into five areas, so that the filling concrete part formed when concrete is poured into the well bottom structure is a five-section concrete structure.
3) A step of suspending and sinking the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1, wherein after the drilling construction work is finished, the prefabricated multi-section well wall in the step 1) and the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 with a plurality of templates built in the step 2) are conveyed to a well mouth of the well;
firstly, hoisting a prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 into a well filled with slurry by using a crane, and suspending and sinking the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 by means of the buoyancy of the slurry in the well and the weight of the slurry;
4) And (3) suspending, sinking and filling the well drilling shaft, namely suspending and sinking the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 in the step (3) into the well drilling, lifting a well wall into the well drilling by using a crane to be connected with the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1, and then lifting the rest well wall into the well drilling by using the crane in sequence until the connection and installation work of the well drilling shaft is completed. The method comprises the steps that after a prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 is suspended and sunk into a well, a section of well wall is lifted by a crane to be connected with the suspended and sunk prefabricated well wall bottom part 1, and the well is suspended and sunk by means of the buoyancy of mud in the well and the weight of the well; then, another section of well wall is lifted by a crane to be connected with the section of well wall which is suspended and sunk, and the well wall is suspended and sunk by means of the buoyancy of mud in the well and the weight of the well wall; repeating the steps until all the well walls are lifted by a crane and then are put into a well to be connected with the last section of well wall which is suspended and sunk, and finally completing the installation work of the well drilling shaft.
The well is a hollow container, the buoyancy is greater than the self weight, and the ratio of the buoyancy to the self weight is gradually increased. When the upper end of the well wall floating in the well is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, concrete can be poured into the well wall bottom structure which is suspended and sunk, so that a post-filling concrete part is formed. Preferably, the post-filled concrete portion is a five-section concrete structure; the filling concrete is poured to the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 at one time through a grouting pump on the ground to form a five-section concrete structure, so that the design strength of the whole well wall bottom is achieved. Preferably, the cast concrete is a C70-C80 high strength concrete. Still preferably, the concrete is plain concrete. According to the invention, through post-pouring of filling plain concrete, a five-section post-filling well wall bottom structure is finally formed, and the problem of sinking of a deep and large well drilling shaft is solved.
And then according to the suspension condition of the well wall, injecting weight water into the well drilling well bore to finish section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well bore. And preferably, when the upper end of the well wall floating in the well is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, and meanwhile, when the later filling concrete part reaches 70% of the design strength, the weight water can be continuously injected into the well drilling well bore, so that the section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well bore is completed. According to the invention, the floating height of the shaft is controlled by adding the counterweight water into the shaft, the subsequent well wall connection construction is facilitated, and the like until the whole shaft is sunk, and the sinking speed of the shaft is controlled by adding the counterweight water.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, it is further preferred that the prefabricated well bottom part 1 and the post-filled concrete part 2 are both connected with a fiber bragg grating test system, and the fiber bragg grating test system is used for monitoring the stress and deformation condition of a well bottom structure in a well drilling shaft in real time; the fiber bragg grating test system comprises a sensor 3 and ground detection equipment. In the ground prefabrication process in step 1), a plurality of sensors 3 are embedded in the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1. In the process of casting concrete in step 4) to form a post-filled concrete portion, a plurality of sensors 3 are buried in the post-filled concrete portion. The prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 and the plurality of sensors 3 buried in the rear filling concrete part are connected with the ground detection equipment through transmission optical cables and used for transmitting stress signals to the ground detection equipment, so that engineering personnel can monitor stress and deformation conditions of the well wall bottom structure in real time.
Further preferably, the sensor 3 is a fiber bragg grating type steel bar stress gauge and a concrete strain gauge; the transmission optical cable comprises a lead optical cable and a communication optical cable, all the sensors 3 are firstly connected in series by the lead optical cable to form a monitoring line, and then the monitoring line is led into ground detection equipment in a monitoring station by the communication optical cable. In the construction process, the fiber bragg grating type reinforcing steel bar stress gauge and the concrete strain gauge are implanted into the bottom structure of the five-section well drilling shaft. The sensor 3 (fiber bragg grating type steel bar stress gauge and concrete strain gauge) is connected in series through a lead optical cable to form a monitoring line. All monitoring lines in the bottom of the well wall are led into a monitoring station through a communication optical cable, a fiber bragg grating signal demodulator 4 is connected, physical parameter data are stored and displayed, and finally the fiber bragg grating sensing test system (shown in figure 3) of the bottom structure of the well wall of the deep and large well drilling well is formed, and stress and deformation of the bottom structure of the well wall are monitored in real time.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of templates are firstly built in the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1 which is prefabricated, and the templates are built into a central symmetrical structure; then filling concrete into the gaps in the built templates with the central symmetry structures according to the construction operation steps; finally, the post-filled concrete portion 2 is formed into a centrosymmetric structure from a plurality of sections of concrete windings. The central symmetry structure refers to that the shape structure formed by the concrete sections is a central symmetry pattern, namely the central symmetry pattern refers to that one pattern is central symmetry, all points on the central symmetry pattern are on the pattern itself about the symmetry points of the symmetry center, if one section of concrete is rotated 180 degrees around a certain point and then can be overlapped with the other section of concrete, and the shapes of the concrete sections are the same.
In summary, the method for reinforcing the suspension, sinking and filling of the bottom of the well wall of the deep and large well drilling shaft comprises the following steps: (1) Through numerical simulation and combination of stress performance and construction process comparison, the five-section type post-filling well wall bottom structure of the deep and large well drilling well bore suitable for field use is provided. (2) In the construction process, through post-pouring filling plain concrete, the technical problems of difficulty in sinking the well wall and structural safety are solved. (3) The fiber bragg grating testing technology is applied to safety monitoring of a five-section type rear filling well wall bottom structure of a deep and large well drilling shaft, and stress and deformation of the well wall bottom structure are monitored in real time.
The well wall bottom structure is a center line rotation symmetrical structure, is also a combination of a cylindrical structure and a spherical shell structure, and is difficult to obtain an accurate solution of internal stress through theoretical calculation. For a well wall bottom structure with smaller dead weight, a solid prefabricated structure is adopted in the traditional well drilling and sinking method, so that the safety coefficient is too large, but materials are seriously wasted, and the later period is difficult to break. The invention adopts finite element numerical simulation calculation, and can calculate and obtain the stress and strain distribution in the prefabricated well wall bottom structure and the rear filling concrete part according to the designed well wall bottom structure size, concrete label, reinforcement and the like, thereby ensuring the stress safety of the well wall bottom structure, saving materials, saving time and labor for the subsequent construction of breaking the well wall bottom structure, and overcoming the key technical problems in the ultra-deep and large-diameter drilling method construction.
The post-filling concrete part 2 of the invention has a five-section structure, is mainly convenient for construction, and can obviously save materials by calculation. If the concrete is fully filled above the prefabricated well wall bottom part 1, materials are wasted, construction is inconvenient, and the stress coefficient is unstable. According to the invention, the optimal filling structure is obtained through numerical simulation after the spherical shell-shaped template is adopted, but the structure is difficult to achieve in the construction process. Therefore, the invention adopts a filled five-section concrete structure through multiple experiments, thereby not only meeting the stress requirement, but also being convenient for filling construction.
The invention provides that when the structure of the well wall bottom is designed, the maximum thickness of the prefabricated well wall bottom is limited by not exceeding the lifting capacity of a crane, and the strength deficiency is compensated by pouring concrete into the prefabricated well wall bottom in the suspension sinking process. Thus, the problem of lifting capacity of the well wall bottom structure is solved, the strength requirement is met, and the key construction technology of the deep and large well drilling shaft is solved. According to the invention, through numerical simulation calculation, the well bottom structure of a deep and large well shaft is finely designed, and the five-section type back filling well bottom structure (shown in figure 2) is obtained by combining with the on-site construction process optimization, wherein the prefabricated well bottom part 1 with the thickness h and the back filling concrete part with the thickness m bear the stratum load together, and the structural body is safe and reliable in stress and deformation.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:
(1) The technical scheme provided by the invention is that when the well wall bottom is designed, the maximum thickness of the well wall bottom is limited to not exceed the lifting capacity of a crane, and the part with insufficient strength is made up by pouring concrete into the well wall bottom in the suspension sinking process. The technical scheme solves the difficult problem that the lifting capacity of the bottom of the well wall is limited, meets the strength requirement, and solves the key construction technical problem of a deep well and a large-diameter drilling shaft. The invention adopts post-filling concrete to strengthen the bottom structure of the well wall of the well drilling well bore with deep well and large diameter, and solves the contradiction between limited lifting capacity of the well bore and large load of the bottom of the well wall.
(2) According to the invention, through numerical simulation analysis and construction process comparison, the five-section well wall bottom structure is obtained, so that the well wall bottom can bear stratum load better, the structural body is balanced in stress and is not easy to deform. And verifying the stress safety and the construction feasibility of the five-section type rear filling well wall bottom structure of the deep and large well drilling shaft through numerical simulation calculation.
(3) The invention adopts the fiber bragg grating sensing test system to monitor the stress and deformation of the well wall bottom structure, thereby ensuring the sinking safety of the well shaft. The invention utilizes the fiber bragg grating test technology to monitor the safety of the sinking process of the well wall bottom structure in real time;
(4) The invention has wide practicability and easy operability.
(5) The technical scheme of the invention is applied to a special well sinking method for well drilling, wherein the diameter of a sinking well barrel is large, the well wall bottom is positioned in a deep stratum, the load is large, and the total weight of the well wall bottom structure exceeds the lifting capacity of a crane at a construction site. If the diameter is more than 8m and the depth is more than 400m, the horizontal load of the bottom of the well wall is more than 10MPa, the maximum lifting capacity of the existing crane is 200t, the weight of the bottom of the well wall of the deep and large well drilling well is far more than 200t according to the existing method, and the well drilling and sinking method cannot normally operate.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for reinforcing the well drilling shaft by suspending, sinking, filling and reinforcing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The ground prefabrication step, prefabricating a prefabricated well wall bottom part in a well wall bottom structure on the ground, and prefabricating a plurality of sections of well walls in a well wall body structure on the ground according to the depth design requirement of the well drilling well shaft;
the thickness dimension of the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall is set according to the lifting capacity of a crane in drilling construction engineering and the specification dimension design requirement of the drilling well shaft;
2) Setting up templates, namely setting up a plurality of templates in the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall which is prefabricated in the step 1), wherein the templates are set up into a central symmetrical structure;
3) A step of suspending and sinking the prefabricated well wall bottom part, wherein after the drilling construction work is finished, the prefabricated multi-section well wall in the step 1) and the prefabricated well wall bottom part with a plurality of templates built in the step 2) are conveyed to a well mouth of the well;
firstly, hoisting the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall into the well drilling filled with slurry by using a crane, and suspending and sinking the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall by means of the buoyancy of the slurry in the well drilling and the weight of the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall;
4) A well drilling shaft suspending, sinking and filling step, namely suspending and sinking a section of well wall into the well drilling by adopting a crane after the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall in the step 3) is suspended and submerged into the well drilling, connecting the bottom part of the prefabricated well wall with the well drilling, and then suspending the rest of well wall into the well drilling by adopting the crane in sequence, connecting the rest of well wall with the last section of well wall until the connection and installation work of the well drilling shaft is completed;
the well wall structure is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of well walls, and the shape of the well wall is hollow cylindrical; the upper part of the well wall bottom structure is hollow cylindrical, and the lower part of the well wall bottom structure is hollow spherical shell; the upper part and the lower part of the well wall bottom structure are connected, the opening direction of the well wall bottom structure is upward, and the upper part of the well wall bottom structure is connected with the lower part of the well wall body structure; the well wall bottom structure at least comprises a shell wall with a hollow spherical shell shape at the lower part, wherein the shell wall consists of a prefabricated well wall bottom part and a rear filling concrete part, and the rear filling concrete part covers the upper part of the prefabricated well wall bottom part;
casting concrete into the well wall bottom structure which is suspended and sunk when the upper end of the well wall floating in the well is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, so as to form a post-filling concrete part; and then according to the suspension condition of the well wall, injecting weight water into the well drilling well bore to finish section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well bore.
2. The method for reinforcing a well bore by suspension sinking filling according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of a well wall body structure of the well bore is more than 8m, the depth of the well bore is more than 400m, and the horizontal load of a well wall bottom structure is more than 10MPa;
the concrete poured into the well wall bottom structure which is suspended and sunk in the step 4) is high-strength concrete with the carbon number of 70-80;
in the step 4), the specific operation of injecting the weight water into the well drilling shaft according to the suspension condition of the well wall is as follows: when the upper end of the well wall floating in the well is higher than the ground and the connection of the next well wall is affected, and meanwhile, when the later filling concrete part reaches 70% of the design strength, weight water is injected into the well drilling well, so that the section-by-section sinking of the whole well drilling well is completed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the prefabricated well bottom portion and the post-filled concrete portion are connected to a fiber bragg grating test system for monitoring the stress and deformation of the well bottom structure in the well in real time; the fiber bragg grating test system comprises a sensor and ground detection equipment;
in the process of prefabricating the prefabricated well wall bottom part on the ground in the step 1), embedding a plurality of sensors in the prefabricated well wall bottom part;
in the process of casting concrete in step 4) to form a post-filled concrete portion, embedding a plurality of sensors within the post-filled concrete portion;
the prefabricated well wall bottom part and the plurality of sensors buried in the rear filling concrete part are connected with the ground detection equipment through transmission optical cables and are used for transmitting stress signals to the ground detection equipment, so that engineering personnel can conveniently monitor stress and deformation conditions of the well wall bottom structure in real time.
4. A method of suspended subsidence fill reinforcement in a well bore as set forth in claim 3,
the ground detection equipment comprises a signal demodulator, a data memory and a display terminal;
the signal demodulator receives and demodulates the stress signal transmitted by the sensor into data, the data is stored by the data memory, and the stored data is displayed by the display terminal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2) a plurality of templates are built into the prefabricated well wall bottom section, and a plurality of the templates are built into five areas, so that the filled concrete section formed when concrete is poured into the well wall bottom section is a five-section concrete structure.
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| CN108661718A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-16 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | A kind of device and method for mine down-hole stope filling barricade forces testing |
| CN109630128B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2024-02-06 | 广东华方工程设计有限公司 | Prefabricated reinforced concrete assembled dead weight sinking vertical shaft |
| CN114046150A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-02-15 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Reconstructed well wall for closing or abandoning mine shaft and construction process thereof |
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